Physical rehabilitation (PR) - an independent medical Physical rehabilitation (PR) - an independent medical discipline, which uses the means of physical culture for discipline, which uses the means of physical culture for therapeutic, prophylactic and recreational purposes.therapeutic, prophylactic and recreational purposes.

The main objectives of the PR are: 1. The main objectives of the PR are: 1. Save and support the sick body in Save and support the sick body in the best state of the active the best state of the active functional. functional.

2. Prevent complications that can 2. Prevent complications that can cause disease and those that may cause disease and those that may arise as a result of forced rest. arise as a result of forced rest.

3. Encourage potential defenses in 3. Encourage potential defenses in the fight against disease.the fight against disease.

.. 4. Involve the patient to 4. Involve the patient to actively participate in the actively participate in the process recovery. process recovery.

5. Accelerate the elimination 5. Accelerate the elimination of local anatomical and of local anatomical and functional manifestations of functional manifestations of the disease. the disease.

6. Restore function in the 6. Restore function in the short term usefulness man. short term usefulness man.

7. Bringing up the positive 7. Bringing up the positive attitude of patients to attitude of patients to conventional hardening his conventional hardening his body by natural factorsbody by natural factors

PR is different from other treatments in that PR is different from other treatments in that this treatment:this treatment:

public and free; public and free; natural - it is based on exercise; natural - it is based on exercise; increases the reactivity; increases the reactivity; potentiates the action of drugs; potentiates the action of drugs; no allergic reactions; no allergic reactions; has a traumatic impact; has a traumatic impact; universal influence (generally universal influence (generally

Firming and random);Firming and random);

easily dosed and studied easily dosed and studied response to stress; response to stress;

can be long term or can be long term or permanent use for the permanent use for the treatment and prevention treatment and prevention of relapse; of relapse;

few contraindications, few contraindications, and if so temporary; and if so temporary;

high emotion classes.high emotion classes.

Contraindications to the appointment of the PR is not Contraindications to the appointment of the PR is not a lot and they usually are temporary.a lot and they usually are temporary.

There are regular There are regular Contraindications: severe Contraindications: severe irreversible is progressing overall irreversible is progressing overall organic diseases in which organic diseases in which activation unacceptable as general activation unacceptable as general and local physiological processes, and local physiological processes, where the main goal of treatment where the main goal of treatment is to alleviate the suffering of the is to alleviate the suffering of the patient, with no hope of restoring patient, with no hope of restoring health (cancer, blood diseases,health (cancer, blood diseases,

mental illness, the progression mental illness, the progression of cardiac and respiratory of cardiac and respiratory failurefailure

Temporary contraindications:Temporary contraindications:

- The acute phase of the disease, - The acute phase of the disease, - A serious condition of the - A serious condition of the patient; - Acute inflammation, patient; - Acute inflammation, which is accompanied by fever, which is accompanied by fever, increased erythrocyte increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, leukocytosis sedimentation rate, leukocytosis (it can be used for low-grade (it can be used for low-grade fever, in such cases, the ESR fever, in such cases, the ESR should show a tendency to should show a tendency to normalization);normalization);

- The acute phase of non-- The acute phase of non-inflammatory processes inflammatory processes (hypertensive crisis, (hypertensive crisis, stroke) - Disease stroke) - Disease progression (depending progression (depending on the dynamics of the on the dynamics of the process) - Pain regardless process) - Pain regardless of the location of pain;of the location of pain;

- Bleeding or threat, - Bleeding or threat, coughing up blood; - coughing up blood; - The presence of The presence of foreign bodies near foreign bodies near major vessels and major vessels and nerve trunks.nerve trunks.

Physical rehabilitationPhysical rehabilitation - This is what we signifies - This is what we signifies

our strong act on the our strong act on the human body for human body for therapeutic purposes. By therapeutic purposes. By means of exercise means of exercise therapy include: therapy include:

      - Exercise; - Exercise;       - Modes of motor - Modes of motor

activity; activity;       - Assumptions; - Assumptions;       - Factors hardening; - Factors hardening;       - Massage and self-- Massage and self-

massage techniques.massage techniques.

ExerciseExercise that is used in that is used in therapeutic exercise - a therapeutic exercise - a specially organized specially organized movement to achieve movement to achieve the therapeutic and the therapeutic and healing effect.healing effect.

They are divided into: They are divided into: gymnastics; gymnastics; sports and applied; sports and applied; slot; slot; labor.labor.

GymnasticGymnastic exercises not only affect different exercises not only affect different body systems, but also on individual muscle body systems, but also on individual muscle groups, bring items such movement amplitude, groups, bring items such movement amplitude, power, speed.power, speed.

They are classified by anatomic They are classified by anatomic criteria: criteria:

m for facial "muscles; m for facial "muscles; for the muscles of the neck; for the muscles of the neck; for the muscles of the upper for the muscles of the upper

extremities; extremities; for the muscles of the upper limb and for the muscles of the upper limb and

shoulder girdle; shoulder girdle; for the muscles of the back; for the muscles of the back; for the abdominal muscles; for the abdominal muscles; for the muscles of the pelvis; for the muscles of the pelvis; for the muscles of the lower for the muscles of the lower

extremities.extremities.

In relation to the loadIn relation to the load::

with load: to enhance the with load: to enhance the action of exercise on the action of exercise on the body and to increase the body and to increase the emotional lessons. They are emotional lessons. They are divided into: divided into:

          a) exercise with shells a) exercise with shells (gymnastic sticks, (gymnastic sticks, dumbbells, expanders, dumbbells, expanders, mace); mace);

          b) exercise on the b) exercise on the equipment and apparatus equipment and apparatus (exercise at the gym wall, (exercise at the gym wall, gym bench, gym bench, mechanotherapeutic mechanotherapeutic devices, etc.);devices, etc.);

no load: used for actions in no load: used for actions in certain parts of the body, certain parts of the body, joints, muscles, for training joints, muscles, for training the nervous, cardiovascular the nervous, cardiovascular and respiratory systems, to and respiratory systems, to improve metabolism, mobility improve metabolism, mobility of the spine, the acceleration of the spine, the acceleration of regenerative processes;of regenerative processes;

The nature of muscle contraction:The nature of muscle contraction:

dynamic (isotonic): dynamic (isotonic): working muscle in working muscle in isotonic mode, isotonic mode, alternating periods of alternating periods of contraction and contraction and relaxation of muscles, relaxation of muscles, it is a movement in the it is a movement in the joints;joints;

static (isometric):static (isometric):

muscle tension is no muscle tension is no movement in the joint. Such movement in the joint. Such exercises are carried out in exercises are carried out in immobilized limbs. In isometric immobilized limbs. In isometric exercises are not disturbed exercises are not disturbed peace of damaged bones, but peace of damaged bones, but maintained in a tone the maintained in a tone the nervous and muscular systems nervous and muscular systems immobilized limb, provided immobilized limb, provided normal blood circulation in the normal blood circulation in the muscles and over ossuary.muscles and over ossuary.

By activityBy activityActive exercises performed by Active exercises performed by

the patient at volovomuzusylli. the patient at volovomuzusylli. They can be implemented in a They can be implemented in a lightweight environment. For lightweight environment. For this purpose special sliding this purpose special sliding plane, reducing the friction plane, reducing the friction force at the time of active force at the time of active movement. Another possible movement. Another possible option when creating dosed option when creating dosed resistance at the time of resistance at the time of execution of active movement, execution of active movement, and this resistance may be at and this resistance may be at different stages of movement: different stages of movement: first, in the middle, at the end. first, in the middle, at the end. Active exercises nervous Active exercises nervous system, which increases the system, which increases the overall activity of the patient;overall activity of the patient;

patient himself controls the patient himself controls the sensations arising from the sensations arising from the movement, there is movement, there is displacement of the tendons, displacement of the tendons, which prevents the formation which prevents the formation of connections, while active of connections, while active movements increased movements increased kapilyaryzatsiya muscles, kapilyaryzatsiya muscles, thus improving blood flow to thus improving blood flow to the muscles involved in the the muscles involved in the exercises and the exercises and the surrounding tissue.surrounding tissue.

passive: exercise performed without passive: exercise performed without volitional effort of the patient volitional effort of the patient through an instructor, with no through an instructor, with no active a reduction of muscle. active a reduction of muscle. These exercises are prescribed These exercises are prescribed when the patient himself is unable when the patient himself is unable to meet them. Passive motion to meet them. Passive motion improves blood and lymph improves blood and lymph circulation, stimulate the circulation, stimulate the emergence of active movements emergence of active movements due to the influence of reflex due to the influence of reflex efferent impulses, maintain efferent impulses, maintain elasticity copula-tendon system, elasticity copula-tendon system, prevent the formation prevent the formation maloruhomosti joints.maloruhomosti joints.

Ideomotor exercises - is sending impulses to the Ideomotor exercises - is sending impulses to the muscle contraction. When restoring movements muscle contraction. When restoring movements in the mind remains normal stereotype of in the mind remains normal stereotype of excitation and inhibition in the central nervous excitation and inhibition in the central nervous system. This supports the functional mobility of system. This supports the functional mobility of the limb. For effects on the body : - general the limb. For effects on the body : - general strengthening : aimed at improving and strengthening : aimed at improving and strengthening the whole body ; - Special: act strengthening the whole body ; - Special: act selectively on a particular part of the selectively on a particular part of the musculoskeletal system . The nature of the musculoskeletal system . The nature of the exercises : - Stretching ; - On balance ; ? - exercises : - Stretching ; - On balance ; ? - Adjustment ; - In coordination ; - Relaxation ; - Adjustment ; - In coordination ; - Relaxation ; - Reflex ; - Breathing divided into : a) dynamic , Reflex ; - Breathing divided into : a) dynamic , combined with the movements of the hands, combined with the movements of the hands, shoulder girdle , trunk , b) static - made only by shoulder girdle , trunk , b) static - made only by means of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles; means of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles; c) special - used for prevention and control of c) special - used for prevention and control of pulmonary complications.pulmonary complications.

Applied Sport and Exercise:Applied Sport and Exercise:

--walking (normal, complicated, walking (normal, complicated, dosage) - running; - climbing and dosage) - running; - climbing and crawling; - dam; - swimming; - crawling; - dam; - swimming; - cycling; - skiing.cycling; - skiing.

GamesGames::

- In place; - In place; - Inactive; - Inactive; - Moving; - Moving; - Sports. On TE using table tennis, - Sports. On TE using table tennis,

badminton, bowling, skittles, relay.badminton, bowling, skittles, relay.

LaborLabor This method of active restoration of disturbed functions during illness This method of active restoration of disturbed functions during illness

and disability through work. Assign diseases musculoskeletal, and disability through work. Assign diseases musculoskeletal, neurological and psychiatric disorders. Use the following types of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Use the following types of work, like woodwork, honcharku, making flowers, basket weaving, work, like woodwork, honcharku, making flowers, basket weaving, gardening, garden. With occupational therapy restores or improves gardening, garden. With occupational therapy restores or improves muscle strength and mobility in the joints, normal circulation and muscle strength and mobility in the joints, normal circulation and trophic damaged organs or body systems, the patient develops trophic damaged organs or body systems, the patient develops attention, hope for recovery .attention, hope for recovery .

There are 5 modes of laborThere are 5 modes of labor

0 - the temporary separation of patients attending 0 - the temporary separation of patients attending occupational therapy;occupational therapy;

1 - ward treatment: the patient is engaged in work therapy 1 - ward treatment: the patient is engaged in work therapy in the House, No in the House, No

2 - student mode: patient studies recommended type of 2 - student mode: patient studies recommended type of labor 3 - shorter working hours: medical indications for the labor 3 - shorter working hours: medical indications for the patient is fed on reduced hours 1 hour. additional recess; patient is fed on reduced hours 1 hour. additional recess;

4 - full-time mode with the restriction type of work; 4 - full-time mode with the restriction type of work; 5- full-time mode.5- full-time mode.

Load adequate if:Load adequate if:

a) the patient has no complaints, no strongly a) the patient has no complaints, no strongly pronounced signs of fatigue; pronounced signs of fatigue;

b) at the peak load pulse increases:? - At bed b) at the peak load pulse increases:? - At bed rest for 8 beats. 1 min - In the ward - 16 bpm. 1 rest for 8 beats. 1 min - In the ward - 16 bpm. 1 min - If available - to 24 bpm. 1 min - When min - If available - to 24 bpm. 1 min - When exercising - the formula 180 - age of patient.exercising - the formula 180 - age of patient.

c) increase in systolic blood pressure of 40 mm. c) increase in systolic blood pressure of 40 mm. Hg. century., increase or decrease in diastolic Hg. century., increase or decrease in diastolic blood pressure of 10 mm. Hg. century. pulse blood pressure of 10 mm. Hg. century. pulse pressure should be increased; pressure should be increased;

d) pochaschennya breathing for 6-8 breaths; d) pochaschennya breathing for 6-8 breaths; e) breathing and pressure should vary e) breathing and pressure should vary

synchronously with the pulse; synchronously with the pulse; g) all parameters are restored for 3-5 minutes.g) all parameters are restored for 3-5 minutes.

FORM TEForm TE accessibility Select

actionsThe ease of dosing

Emotions Natures

For health For of equipment

RGG + + + + + + + + + + + +

LG + + + + + + + + - - - -

Individual. tasks for self. Occupation

+ + + + + + + - - - + -

First walking - + + + - - - + + + + +

Terrenkur - - + - - - - - + + + +

Play-lesson + - + - - - - - + + + +

Items sporting these exercises

- - + - - - + - + + + +

Run + - + + - - + - + + + +

Regime

The original provisions of the

Amount of exercise

Amount repeated Rainier

rate Amplitude-Tuda

Muscle-term group

growth rate

Bed numbers

lay 8 4-6 slow limited To sloll +8

Half Bed numbers

sit 16 6 medium medium medium +16

Free stand 24 8 Medium and fast

full all +24

Training stand >24 8 Medium and fast

full all 180-age

SPEED motor activity

Mechanical action

Mechanoreceptors (force sensor,   velocity, acceleration)а

Proprioceptors (muscle spindles, joint receptors)

Лемнисковий spin thalamic ways

Segmental reflexes

Specific and nonspecific nuclei of the thalamus, internal kolinchate body, nucleus

of the brain stem, the hypothalamus.

Somatosensory cortex of large hemispheres of the brain.

Generalized response to

Effect of massage on the mechanical and proprioceptors.

Skin-visceral reflexes (changes activities internal organs)

Гуморальний вплив масажу.

Mechanical action (massage techniques)

Formation BAR Irritation thermal receptors

Acetylholin Amino acids and polypeptides

Histamin Talamus,hipotalamus

Irritation chemoreceptors

somatosensory area of the cortex

magnification content of adrenaline

expansion capillaries

Changes in activity CVS and respiratory

system

increase permeability of the walls

capillaries

strengthening limfoutvorennya,

stimulation of metabolic processes in tissues

mobilization adaptive

of the body

magnification rate of re-cottage first pulse

stimulation muscle activities