Physical Plant and Facilities in Educational Management

PHYSICAL PLANT AND FACILITIES

Pops P. MacalinoDiscussant

Educational Facilities

-refers to all the physical properties of a school,

consisting of the grounds,buildings, and the various

facilities within the school grounds and inside the school

buildings.

School Mapping - is a dynamic process of planning the distribution, size and spacing of schools and physical facilities requirements for optimum utilization and benefit. It is a process of identifying current inadequacies in distribution and of providing appropriate types and patterns of school plant. It is a continuous process involving the uninterrupted recording of basic information required for analysis of the school map at any given point in time.

SiteCampusBuildings

ClassroomsOffices, Staff and Function Rooms

Assembly and Athletic FacilitiesMedical and Dental Clinic

Food Services/Canteen

Standard Requirements:

1. Location/Environment- The location of the school affects its development of operation. In determining the location of the school site, accessibility and suitable surrounding environment are important considerations

2. Design and Safety Standards

- The school site shall be well-located near the center of the present and probable population to be served. Itshall be some distance from the town or city in order to provide equal accommodations for outlying settlements. It must have a suitable frontage on a public road, preferably on a quiet street and not shut in from the main highway by private property nor from dense groves of tall trees.

3. Accessibility

- A school site must be easily accessible to the greatest number of pupils/students it intends to serve.The maximum distance for a pupil/student to walk from residence to school is 2 to 3 kilometers, while the maximum time from residence to school on board a public conveyance is thirty (30) minutes.

4. Topography

a. Soil Condition b. Sizec. Heat Island


Safety Color Scheme

MINIMUM STANDARD REQUIREMENTS FOR SCHOOL SITES

Elementary Schools

In case where there is difficulty in meeting the above standards, the ff. alternatives may be followed:

Secondary Schools

MODES OF ACQUISITION OF SCHOOL SITESA school site may be acquired through any of the ff. methods:

a. Purchaseb. Donationc. Contract of Usufructd. Expropriatione. Barter

MODES OF ACQUISITION OF SCHOOL SITES

Purchase

This is the most reliable, stable and non-controversial mode of

acquisition.

A school site may be acquired by direct purchase from the legal owner who voluntary sells it on an agreed price.

Donation

May be either simple, conditional, inter vivos, or mortis causa

Contract of Usufruct

In case the property is registered in the name of an individual, province, city, municipality or barangay, but is not allowed to be donated, but DepEd is

allowed full use through gratuitous act.

Expropriation

Private land desired for school purposes may be acquired through expropriation

proceedings.

Barter

An existing school site may be exchanged for a new site for justifiable reasons.

School Site BeautificationSchool Gate

A school shall have a main entrance gate and a service gate.

School FenceA good strong fence shall be built around a school site to secure the school against stray animals and squatters.

Flag PoleThe display of the Philippine National flag is a requirement for all schools. It shall occupy a

prominent place in front of the main building in the assembly area.

School Site Beautification

Sign Board

(in Filipino or English) to identify the name and location of the school displayed in front of the main building.

Planting Plan

Beautifying the school site with ornamental plants requires the prior preparation of a planting plan.

CATEGORIES OF SCHOOL BUILDINGS

Design of School Buildings

1. Design Guidelinesfunctions, needs of its user, nature of the

environment.

ECONOMY in construction, utilization and maintenance

simple, flexibility, structural stability

aesthetic elements and contemporary treatment

provision for mobility of handicapped/disabled persons


2. Placement and Layout

3. School building orientation

4. Layout

a. Ventilation is not obstructedb. Natural illumination is not impededc. sounds in one building do not carry

into the next building


5. Building Plan

Standard Building Plan or Special Building Plan


5. Design Requirements

Windows shall be equal to or at least 10% of the floor area of the room

Ceiling Height shall not be less than 2.70 meters measured from the floor to the ceiling (w/ natural ventilation); 2.40 m (artificial ventilation)

Floor Construction all floors shall be framed and secured into the framework and supporting walls

Roof Construction all floors shall be framed and secured into the framework and supporting walls

Exit Doors shall have at least 2 exit doors (50+ occupants); not less than 2.10 m height and 900 millimeters wide.

Door Shutters 1.10 m wide (50 or less occupant);1.50 (more than 50);rise of every step shall not be less 1.50 mm; tread shall not be less than 250 mm.;handrails should be provided on

each side of the stairway having more than 4 steps.

Corridors shall be less than 1.10 m wide

Stairways

SCHOOL FURNITURES, EQUIPMENT AND FACILITIES

A. School Seats- Good seating is necessary for comfort and good posture and is crucial to the proper

physical development of the child.

B. School Tables School tables, such as pupils/students’/students’ table, teacher’s table, library table, demonstration table, dining table, and conference table are designed according to their use or function.

C. Storage and Display

Furniture for storing and displaying materials, supplies and equipment is as essential as seats and tables in anyschool. Commonly used in public schools for storage and display purposes are bookcases, cupboards, cabinets, shelves,and divans


D. School EquipmentEducational facilities, which have a normal life span of two to five years, are classified as

equipment

EPP/TLE Equipment Instructional Tools and Devices Health Equipment

Emergency/Survival Kit First Aid Kit Other items

E. Fittings, Fixtures and Furnishings


E. Instructional Devices- Comprise the wide range and variety of educational media and technology such

as visual aids, audio visual aids, teaching aids and devices, which are indispensable tools for effective teaching and learning.

F. Regular Classroom Facilities


G. Home Economics Facilities

H. Industrial Arts Facilities

I. Agricultural Arts Facilities

J. Library Facilities

K. Sanitary Facilities

L. Playground Facilities

M. Athletic Facilities

N. Administrative Facilities

O. Facilities for Ancillary Service

P. Special Education Facilities

Q. School Canteen

PROPER UTILIZATION OF EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES IN SCHOOL

A. Civil Service Examination – holding of civil service examinations is allowed in classroom including the use of its furnishings and lighting facilities.

B. Literacy Classes – instruction of illiterates and other literacy activities may be held in the school.

C. Polling Places – the use of school buildings of election inspectors and as polling places for the election.

D. Religious Services/Instruction – holding of religious activities for the benefit of pupils/students/barangay council or other sectoral group.

PROPER UTILIZATION OF EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES IN SCHOOL

E. Community Program – Sectoral group and Barangay councils may be allowed to use the school buildings, grounds and facilities for civic and educational

activities.

F. Evacuation Center – The use of school buildings/classrooms as evacuation center is allowed in case of natural calamities.

Reference:

Physical Plant and Facilities in Educational Management

Education

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