Physical Middle East
-
Upload
apersone -
Category
News & Politics
-
view
9.718 -
download
2
Transcript of Physical Middle East
![Page 1: Physical Middle East](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062307/555865cdd8b42a8d018b47ba/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Middle EastThe Middle East
Physical Landscape and The People
![Page 2: Physical Middle East](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062307/555865cdd8b42a8d018b47ba/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Physical Middle EastPhysical Middle East
• Also known as “Southwest Asia”
• Sometimes also includes North Africa• Islam• Arabic language• Oil
![Page 3: Physical Middle East](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062307/555865cdd8b42a8d018b47ba/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Physical Middle EastPhysical Middle East
![Page 4: Physical Middle East](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062307/555865cdd8b42a8d018b47ba/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
• A crossroads of civilization– Africa, Asia, and Europe are connected
through trade routes• Migrating people spread ideas, inventions, etc.
• Culture originating in the Middle East• Iron making• Alphabet• Judaism, Christianity, Islam
Physical Middle EastPhysical Middle East
![Page 5: Physical Middle East](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062307/555865cdd8b42a8d018b47ba/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Physical Middle EastPhysical Middle East
![Page 6: Physical Middle East](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062307/555865cdd8b42a8d018b47ba/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• The Middle East is also important to the world for economic reasons
• Control of important sea routes• Control of large oil reserves
Physical Middle EastPhysical Middle East
![Page 7: Physical Middle East](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062307/555865cdd8b42a8d018b47ba/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
• Five major regions1. Northern Tier
2. Arabian Peninsula
3. Fertile Crescent
4. Nile Valley
5. The Maghreb
Major RegionsMajor Regions
![Page 8: Physical Middle East](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062307/555865cdd8b42a8d018b47ba/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
1. Northern Tier– Turkey to Iran (pg.
552)– Mountains and
plateaus– Diverse:
• Anatolian Plateau in Turkey: fertile soil, large population
• Iranian Plateau: dry, small population
Major RegionsMajor Regions
![Page 9: Physical Middle East](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062307/555865cdd8b42a8d018b47ba/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
2. Arabian Peninsula– Large plateau– Largest country: Saudi
Arabia– Small population:
– Lack of water– Oasis: fertile desert area
that has enough water to support life
– Large amounts of oil– Birthplace of Islam
Major RegionsMajor Regions
![Page 10: Physical Middle East](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062307/555865cdd8b42a8d018b47ba/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
3. Fertile Crescent– Eastern Mediterranean
to the Persian Gulf– Rich soil, abundant
water– Major population
center– Hotspot for early
civilizations– Tigris and Euphrates
Rivers
Major RegionsMajor Regions
![Page 11: Physical Middle East](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062307/555865cdd8b42a8d018b47ba/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
4. Nile Valley– Important historical
connections between the people of Egypt and the people of the Fertile Crescent
• Judaism
Major RegionsMajor Regions
![Page 12: Physical Middle East](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062307/555865cdd8b42a8d018b47ba/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
5. The Maghreb– North Africa: Algeria,
Tunisia, Morocco– Arab armies carried Isl
am to North Africa in the 600s AD
– Sahara Desert, Atlas Mountains
– Most people live along the coast, where there is more rain
Major RegionsMajor Regions
![Page 13: Physical Middle East](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062307/555865cdd8b42a8d018b47ba/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Climate and Resources
• Nearly all of the region is desert
• Lack of water caused some adaptations• Building of irrigation systems• Desalination: taking the salt out of sea water to
make it drinkable
![Page 14: Physical Middle East](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062307/555865cdd8b42a8d018b47ba/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Climate and Resources
• Oil– Most valuable resource in the Middle East– Problem: unevenly distributed
![Page 15: Physical Middle East](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062307/555865cdd8b42a8d018b47ba/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Physical Middle East](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062307/555865cdd8b42a8d018b47ba/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
The People• Ethnic diversity
– Arab: anyone whose native language is Arabic
• Majority of people in Middle East are Arab
– Turks, Iranians, Kurds
![Page 17: Physical Middle East](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062307/555865cdd8b42a8d018b47ba/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
The People• Religious Diversity
– Islam is the majority religion– Most Arabs are Muslim– Christianity, Judaism
• Judaism is the most ancient of the three religions from the region
![Page 18: Physical Middle East](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062307/555865cdd8b42a8d018b47ba/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Review
• The Middle East is a crossroads
• Five Major Regions: – Northern Tier, Arabian Peninsula, Fertile
Crescent, Nile Valley, The Maghreb
• Resources: Oil
• Vocabulary:– Southwest Asia, oasis, desalination, Arab,
![Page 19: Physical Middle East](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062307/555865cdd8b42a8d018b47ba/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Early Civilizations
• You will be assigned a section of the text to read.
• Your objective is to fill in the chart on the board with information from your section of the textbook.