Physical, Behavioural and Mechanical Practices in Rice IPM Introduction Pest management is known as...

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Physical, Behavioural and Mechanical Practices in Rice IPM Introduction Pest management is known as an ecological approach to tackle pest problems, because here emphasis is on containing pests in such a way that other biotic components of the system such as natural enemies, human beings and wild life are not harmed and environment is preserved in general. Birds- victims of indiscriminate pesticide use Next

Transcript of Physical, Behavioural and Mechanical Practices in Rice IPM Introduction Pest management is known as...

Page 1: Physical, Behavioural and Mechanical Practices in Rice IPM Introduction Pest management is known as an ecological approach to tackle pest problems, because.

Physical, Behavioural and Mechanical Practices in Rice IPMIntroduction

Pest management is known as an

ecological approach to tackle pest

problems, because here emphasis

is on containing pests in such a

way that other biotic components

of the system such as natural

enemies, human beings and wild

life are not harmed and

environment is preserved in

general.Birds- victims of indiscriminate pesticide use

Next

Page 2: Physical, Behavioural and Mechanical Practices in Rice IPM Introduction Pest management is known as an ecological approach to tackle pest problems, because.

IPM

DB-Cultural methods

DB-Mechanical Methods

DB-Physical methods

DB-Bio-control methods

DB-Chemical methods

Multipest-modules

Dissemination

insect Disease

nematode weeds

ETL

Multiple pest management programmesIPM Concept

In IPM different methods of

pest control such as resistant

varieties, cultural methods,

physical methods,

behavioural methods,

mechanical methods, natural

enemies and pesticides are

integrated to suppress pest

population without

jeopardizing other

components of the

environment.

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Page 3: Physical, Behavioural and Mechanical Practices in Rice IPM Introduction Pest management is known as an ecological approach to tackle pest problems, because.

PHYSICAL PRACTICES

Use of physical practices refer to

manipulation of physical factors

of environment such as light,

heat, temperature, humidity to

reduce incidence of pests, for

example light traps are used for

mass trapping and destruction of

pests by exploiting their

behaviour. Likewise, stored-grain

pests are controlled through

improved storage structures,

which are based on principles of

air tightness, thermal insulation

and moisture proofing.

Yellow stem borer

Pulse beetleCourtesy: www.pcilindia.com

Gram damaged by pulse beetleCourtesy: www.jnkvv.nic.in

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Page 4: Physical, Behavioural and Mechanical Practices in Rice IPM Introduction Pest management is known as an ecological approach to tackle pest problems, because.

Light trap

Light traps are used for monitoring

and mass trapping of different pests

of rice. Light attracts practically most

of the pest species such as adults of

stem borer, leaf folder, leaf- and

plant-hoppers, gundhi bug,

armyworm, gall midge etc. A

container with kerosenized water

kept under light trap kills pests falling

in it.

Light trap

Rice Leaf folder

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Page 5: Physical, Behavioural and Mechanical Practices in Rice IPM Introduction Pest management is known as an ecological approach to tackle pest problems, because.

Safe storage structures

Insect pests cause

considerable damage to

stored grain products also.

Improved storage structures

are thermal proof, moisture

proof and air proof. Safe

storage structures such as

Pusa Bin and Pusa Kothar

are based on these

principles. If properly dried

grains are stored in them

then there are least chances

of their being infested by

pests.

Pusa bin

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Page 6: Physical, Behavioural and Mechanical Practices in Rice IPM Introduction Pest management is known as an ecological approach to tackle pest problems, because.

Behavioural practices

Pheromone traps

Besides light traps, other device

that exploits pest behaviour for

their management involves use of

sex pheromones.

Pheromones are secreted by

individuals of pest species to elicit

a specific response in other

individuals of same species.

Female sex pheromones are used

to attract and kill male moths and

thereby reducing pest incidence.

Pheromone traps against rice yellow stem borer

Pheromone trap

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Page 7: Physical, Behavioural and Mechanical Practices in Rice IPM Introduction Pest management is known as an ecological approach to tackle pest problems, because.

The sex pheromones can be

used for monitoring, mass

trapping or mating disruption

when used at 5, 25 and 100

traps per hectare, respectively.

In case of rice yellow stem borer,

Scirpophaga incertulas, female

sex pheromone Scirpolure is

used for monitoring and mass

trapping of male moths.

Pheromone trap

Yellow stem borer female

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Page 8: Physical, Behavioural and Mechanical Practices in Rice IPM Introduction Pest management is known as an ecological approach to tackle pest problems, because.

Mechanical practices

Mechanical practices involve use of

manual labour or machine to collect

and destroy conspicuous pest

stages and damaged plant parts.

These are very useful on small scale

and during initial stages of pest

infestation.

Clipping of tips of rice seedlings

before transplanting helps in

removing eggs of stem borer and

rice hispa thereby reducing their

incidence.

Gundhi bug

Hispa

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Page 9: Physical, Behavioural and Mechanical Practices in Rice IPM Introduction Pest management is known as an ecological approach to tackle pest problems, because.

Collection and destruction of

‘dead hearts’ and ‘white-ears’ is

useful in containing stem borer

infestation.

Passing of rope over the young

crop is recommended for

dislodging the larval cases of the

caseworm from tillers. These are

then removed from the field by

draining the water.

Caseworm casesCourtesy: agritech.tnau.ac.in

White-ears

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Page 10: Physical, Behavioural and Mechanical Practices in Rice IPM Introduction Pest management is known as an ecological approach to tackle pest problems, because.

Let’s Sum UpUse of physical practices refer to manipulation of physical factors of environment such as light, heat, temperature, humidity to reduce pest incidence.

Light traps are used for mass trapping and destruction of pests by exploiting their behaviour.

Stored-grain pests are controlled through improved storage structures, which are based on principles of air tightness, thermal insulation and moisture proofing.

Another device that exploits pest behaviour for their management involves use of sex pheromones.

Female sex pheromones are used to attract and kill male moths and thereby reducing pest incidence.

Mechanical practices involve use of manual labour or machines to collect and destroy conspicuous pest stages and damaged plant parts.