Physical and Environmental Security Chapter 5 Part 2 Pages 457 to 499.
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Transcript of Physical and Environmental Security Chapter 5 Part 2 Pages 457 to 499.
![Page 1: Physical and Environmental Security Chapter 5 Part 2 Pages 457 to 499.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bf9e1a28abf838c941b8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Physical and Environmental Security
Chapter 5Part 2
Pages 457 to 499
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Protecting Assets
• Laptop thefts• Cost to replace stolen items– Productivity– Reputation– Cost to restore lost data
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Laptop Thefts
• Page 457 list• Tracking software• Safe for backups
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Electric Power
• August 2003, 8 east coast states and portions of Canada lost power for several days
• Need a plan for fall back for storms, hardware failure, lightning and other disruptions of power
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UPS
• Uninterrupted Power Supply• Figure 5-6 on page 460• Standby UPS– Inactive until power failure– Switch to battery pack
• Online UPS Systems– AC Voltage line charges, constantly provide power– Most faster than standby
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UPS
• Some just provide enough power to gracefully shutdown
• Others will allow systems to run for a longer period of time.
• Should be tested periodically
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Line Noise
• Figure 5-7 on page 461• RFI – Radio Frequency Interference• EMI – Electromagnetic Interference
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Voltage Fluctuations
• Page 462 list• When an electrical device is turned on it can
draw a large amount of current (in-rush current).
• This can cause a sag in current for surrounding devices.
• It is a good idea to have the data center on a different wiring segment
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Voltage Fluctuations
• Surge– A common problem– Storms, lightning– Surge protector
• Blackout– Voltage drops to zero
• Brownout– High demand such as a heatwave
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Voltage Fluctuations
• Voltage regulators and line conditioners to ensure clean and smooth distribution of power.
• Figure 5-8 on page 464• List on page 465
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Shutoff Valves
• Figure 5-9 on page465• Gas – in case of fire• Water – in case of water pipe break
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Environment & Electronic Equipment
• High humidity – corrosion• Low humidity – static electricity– Spark from your finger several thousand volts– Winter and dry climates– Preventive step on page 467
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Environment & Electronic Equipment
• Low Temperature – stop working• High Temperature– Table 5-1 on page 466
• Ventilation– Closed-loop filters and recycles air
• Positive pressurization – outside air does not enter
• Dust – clogs up fans
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Fire
• Fire Prevention– Train employees to react properly when faced
with a fire
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Fire Detection
• Ignition – Combustible materials, malfunctioning heating
devices, arson• Computer systems are not combustible• Electric fires are caused by overheating of wire
insulation or overheating of electrical components that ignite surrounding plastic
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Fire Detection
• Smoke activates– Figure 5-11 on page 470
• Heat activated– Fixed Temperature – Rate-of-rise of temperature• Quicker, more false positives
• Figure 5-12 on page 471– Where the wiring is
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Fire Suppression
• Page 472 – Figure 5-2• Page 473 – Figure 5-3– Halon has not been manufactured since 1992
• HVAC should shutdown in case of fire so smoke is not spread throughout the building
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Water Sprinklers
• In a electrical fire, water can increase the intensity of the fire because it can work as a conductor for electricity
• Wet pipe – water in pipe• Dry pipe – water in holding tank until it is
released• Preaction – Not held in pipe. Released when
pressurized air within the pipe is reduced.
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Perimeter Security
• Layered Defense• Figure on page 476• Two modes
1. When the facility is open2. When the facility is closed
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Facility Access Control
• “Having personnel in sensitive areas is one of the best security controls because they can personally detect suspicious behavior.”
• Entrances and Exits – Figure 15-4 on page 417
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Locks
• Locks can be picked or broken.• Ward Lock– Figure 5-16 on page 479
• Tumbler Lock– Figure 5-17 on page 479
• Combination Lock• Cipher Lock– Use keypad
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Administrative Responsibility
• Key maintenance and procedures• Lock choice• Master Key, Submaster keys, individual keys
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Circumventing Locks
• Tension wrench– Holds down internal cylinders while figuring out
next cylinder
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Personnel Access Control
• Identification of person attempting to access the facility– Biometric– Smart Card– Photo ID– Key– Card with PIN or Password
• Piggybacking
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External Boundary Protection
• Bullets on pages 484-5• Fences– Height (Pages 485-6)– Gauge and Mesh (Page 486)– Classification (Page 487)
• Bollards– Small concrete pillars
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Lighting• Unlit parking areas invite car break ins and
attacking employees.• Higher wattage more illumination.• If the area has clean concrete and light-
colored painted surfaces, then not as much illumination is required.
• Direct lighting toward where intruders will come from and away from security forces.
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Lighting
• Direct lighting toward where intruders will come from and away from security forces. (glare protection).
• Responsive illumination– When IDS detects suspicious activity.– Turn on CCTV cameras to scan for intruders.
• Protect against lights being turned off or power cut to them.
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Surveillance Devices
• Closed –Circuit TV (CCTV)– Figure 5-10 on page 491– Considerations for purchase• Internal or External Areas• Large or small area• Lit, unlit, sunlight
– Charged-coupled devices (CCD)• Light to electronic signals• Extraordinary details
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CCTV
• “When both wide scenes and close-up captures are needed, zoom lens is best.”
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Intrusion Detection Systems
• Sense changes in the environment• Perimeter scanning device– Figure 5-22 on page 494
• Strip of foil embedded in a window• Pressure pad under a carpet• Photoelectric system detects change in a light
beam
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• Security Guards– Costly– Screening is important– Need to be trained
• Dogs– Detect intruders– Hearing and sight outperforms humans