Phylum Onychophora The Velvet Worms. Characteristics of the Phylum Onychopora.
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Transcript of Phylum Onychophora The Velvet Worms. Characteristics of the Phylum Onychopora.
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Phylum Onychophora The Velvet Worms
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Characteristics of the Phylum Onychopora
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Characteristics of the Phylum Onychopora
• Bilaterally symmetrical with a through gut.
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Characteristics of the Phylum Onychopora
• Bilaterally symmetrical with a through gut.• Body with 14-43 pairs of un-jointed fleshy legs.
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Characteristics of the Phylum Onychopora
• Bilaterally symmetrical with a through gut.• Body with 14-43 pairs of un-jointed fleshy legs.• Well developed hemocoelic body cavity with a
open circulatory system.
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Characteristics of the Phylum Onychopora
• Bilaterally symmetrical with a through gut.• Body with 14-43 pairs of un-jointed fleshy legs.• Well developed hemocoelic body cavity with a
open circulatory system.• Cuticle covered epidermis, with ecdysone
mediated molting (ecdysis).
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Characteristics of the Phylum Onychopora
• Bilaterally symmetrical with a through gut.• Body with 14-43 pairs of un-jointed fleshy legs.• Well developed hemocoelic body cavity with a
open circulatory system.• Cuticle covered epidermis, with ecdysone
mediated molting (ecdysis).• Gaseous-exchange organs simple tubular
tracheae issuing in tufts from small spiracles.
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Anatomy
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Legs with claws
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Anatomy
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Anatomy
Oral Papilla Lips and Jaws
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Well Developed Eyes
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Circulation and Gas Exchange
Circulatory system is an open and very similar to the arthropod hemocoel circulatory system.
Gas exchange is by tracheae.
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Reproduction
• Accept for one species all dioecious.
• Males deposit spermatophor around or on the female. (ovoviviparous and viviparous)
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Viviparous species have a “placenta” like structure.
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About 110 species all terrestrial
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However their fossils have been found in the Middle Cambrian marine
faunas.
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Hallucigenia sparsa an Onychophoran from the Burgess Shale deposits of Canada
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Aysheaia, from the Middle Cambirian
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Phylum Tardigrada the Water Bears
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Characteristics of the Phylum Tardigrada
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Characteristics of the Phylum Tardigrada
• Bilaterally symmetrical; minute, squat. 0.3-0.5 mm.
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Characteristics of the Phylum Tardigrada
• Bilaterally symmetrical; minute, squat. 0.3-0.5 mm.
• A through straight gut.
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Characteristics of the Phylum Tardigrada
• Bilaterally symmetrical; minute, squat. 0.3-0.5 mm.
• A through straight gut.• Body monomeric although with four pairs of
short un-jointed claw-bearing legs.
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Characteristics of the Phylum Tardigrada
• Bilaterally symmetrical; minute, squat. 0.3-0.5 mm.
• A through straight gut.• Body monomeric although with four pairs of
short un-jointed claw-bearing legs.• Coelom has been thought to be a pseudocoelom
however, more recently they think it is a reduces hemocoel.
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Characteristics of the Phylum Tardigrada
• Bilaterally symmetrical; minute, squat. 0.3-0.5 mm.
• A through straight gut.• Body monomeric although with four pairs of
short un-jointed claw-bearing legs.• Coelom has been thought to be a pseudocoelom
however, more recently they think it is a reduces hemocoel.
• Ecdysone mediated molting like arthropods.
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Anatomy
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Well Developed Stylet For Feeding
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Reproduction
• Sexual and parthenogenesis are the reproductive modes exhibited in the Tardigrada.
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Reproduction Most lay Ornamental eggs.
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Reproduction
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Reproduction
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Biology
• Scientists have reported tardigrades in hot springs, on top of the Himalayas, under layers of solid ice, and in ocean sediments.
• Many species can be found in milder environments such as lakes, ponds, and meadows, while others can be found in stone walls and roofs.
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• Most tardigrades live in the water/air interface.
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Biology• Tardigrades are one of the few groups of species that are capable
of reversibly suspending their metabolism and going into a state of cryptobiosis.
• Several species regularly survive in a dehydrated state for nearly 10 years. Depending on the environment, they may enter this state via anhydrobiosis, cryobiosis, or other ways.
• Their metabolism lowers to less than 0.01% of normal and their water content can drop to 1% of normal. Their ability to remain desiccated for such a long period is largely dependent on the high levels of sugar which protects their membranes.
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Tardigrades Produce Tuns
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Tardigrade Tun
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