Phylum lived a fossil ……..!? Arthropoda - bio.fsu.edubsc2011l/Summer2009/F 02...
Transcript of Phylum lived a fossil ……..!? Arthropoda - bio.fsu.edubsc2011l/Summer2009/F 02...
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Phylum
Arthropoda
5 SUBPHYLA:1hylTrilobitmorpha2hylCrustacea3hylChelicerata4 Myriapoda (Diplopoda & Chilopoda)
5 Hexapoda (Insecta)
Once upon a time there lived a fossil ……..!?
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Phylum ArthropodaSubphylum 2 Crustacea
Class Copepoda Class CirripediaClass Malacostraca Class OstracodaClass Branchiopoda
(Send your e-mails ‘CC MOB’) or
‘B O CC M’
(Head of the mob!)
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Subphylum 2Crustacea
= Largest class4 ORDERS
Do not need to know the names of these Orders for the practical! S.A.I.D. –just note that A & B are closely related.Stomatopoda
Mantis ShrimpAmphipoda
Beach Hoppers & Sand Fleas
Isopoda BPill bugsGiant Sea Roach
Decapoda ACrabs, Lobsters etc..
Class Cirripedia
Class Branchiopoda Acorn & Stalked
Barnacles“Lung feet”
Fairy Shrimp
Daphnia Class Malacostraca
Class Ostracoda
Class Copepoda
Tiny red-eyed aliens! Really weird looking
Seed shrimp with bivalve-like shell
A
B
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Subphylum 2
CrustaceaClass Malacostraca
Order Decapoda
Crayfish - 1st pleopod in males = specialized intromissive organ. Absent or reduced in females.
periopods
pleopods
Cheliped = an appendage bearing a chela or claw
Help! I’ve fallen and I can’t get up!
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Phylum
ArthropodaSubphylum 3 Chelicerata“the literate Chelicerates”
Class PycnogonidaClass ArachnidaClass Merostomata
‘PAM’ !‘AMP’ or
‘MAP’
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Subphylum 3ChelicerataArachnida
fanged chelicera –to bite and suck blood
Book lungs & spiracles
Chela of cheliped
Fang =
Chelicera
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Chelicera = modified here as a claw
Males clasps females with their 1st
periopods = pedipalp.
In the males this is much enlarged to form a boxing glove. In females the 1st
periopod or pedipalp is just a regular walking leg.
Book gills
Class:
Merostomata
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Prosoma Opisthosoma
Cephalothorax Abdomen
Chelicerata Crustacea
TAGMOSIS
Gills only
Book lungs/B. gills & tracheal system
Crustacea belong to the mob, they’ve been punched in their nose so gills do the job.
(Cephalothorax) (Abdomen)
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Phylum
ArthropodaSubphylumMyriapoda
‘DIC’ or ‘CID’Class ChilopodaClass Diplopoda
Which one has most legs per segment?
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Subphylum 4Myriapoda
Class Diplopoda2 pairs of legs/segment
Class Chilopoda1pair of legs/segment
Vicious jaws of a carnivorous predator
Rounded head with no obvious jaws as it is a deposit feeder
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Just to clarify…..
Phylum ArthropodaSubphylum HexapodaClass Insecta
Subclasses Apterygota (no wings)
Pterygota (winged)
Divisions Exopterygota Endopterygota
Orders O.H.H.I.O. C.H.i L.D.
From the lab manual chart
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Phylum
ArthropodaSubphylum ClassHexapoda Insecta
Orders ‘OHHIO’ & ‘CHiLD’
Order Orthoptera Order ColeopteraOrder Hemiptera Order HymenopteraOrder Homoptera Order LepidopteraOrder Isoptera Order DipteraOrder Odonata
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Suphylum 5 Hexapoda Class Insecta
The “bugs!”Ah! The smell of mothballs!
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Metamorphosisis the change
from a LARVAL form to…… an ADULT form
…which grows by MOLTING
..but does NOT REPRODUCE
..which does not grow (MOLT)
..but does REPRODUCE
=
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Their wings have completely
G T GHOLOMETABOLISM
T T UT
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Holometabolism
Holometabola = Endopterygota4 ORDERS
Egg -> larvae -> pupa -> adultAquatic nymph
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Holometabolism
4 ORDERS
-Wings on the INSIDE in the larva
and must undergo a complete metamorphosisto bring them out in the adult.
This is a VERY dramatic change
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Butterflies, moths
ColeopteraTrue Beetles.Look for “T” formed by ELYTRA
DipteraTrue flies
Look for HALTERES
Order HymenopteraBees, ants, wasps
Order Lepidoptera
Order
Order
Division Endopterygota:Holometabolous Life Cycle 4 ORDERS:
CHiLD = Bugs for decorating a nursery or a children’s picture book.
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Hemimetabolism
5 ORDERS
-Wings on the OUTSIDE in the larva already.
Only need an incomplete/partial metamorphosis = (using half of the effort)to bring the insect to the mature adult stage.
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Their wings are already out
WHEMIMETABOLISM
N L UG R TS E
ADY
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HemimetabolismIncomplete metamorphosis Wings on the outside
Hemimetabola = Exopterygota5 ORDERS
egg-> nymph(mini adult)-> adult(Naiad if aquatic)
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Division Exopterygota:Hemimetabolous Life Cycle 5 ORDERS:
Order IsopteraTermites
HemipteraBug allies (assassin bugs, bedbugs)
Look for “X” on back
crossing over each
Homoptera(cicadas, aphids)Look for “home” formed bywings over back of insect
OrderOdonataDragonflies, damselflies
OrthopteraCrickets, grasshoppers, Roaches & mantids
Order
Order
Order Head-on
OHHIO
formed by wings
Other. True bugs.
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Subphylum 5 Hexapoda Class Insecta
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Subphylum 5 Hexapoda Class Insecta
LepidopteraHymenoptera
Coleoptera
7, 9 Orthoptera6 Hemiptera
X
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Inside a Grasshopper… Remember the baseball and glove?
Don’t forget that the fore- and hind gut portions are from ectodermally derived tissues!
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Gastric Caecum- chemical digestion
Proventriculus – grinding= mechanical digestion
Malpighian Tubules - excretion
Female has ovarioles (looks like rice grains!)
Crop - storage
Phylum Arthropoda, Subphylum Hexapoda,
Class Insecta, OrderOrthoptera
Respiratory system = Tracheal system (has spiracles etc.)