Phrases & Clauses

Turn to page 3 in your packets.

Write “phrase” in the middle of the top Frayer.

Write “clause” in the middle of the bottom Frayer.

Do you see any patterns?

Phrases in October skiing during vacation will be returning with the stack of books were returning to win throughout the day along the shore beneath the newspapers around four o’clock standing over seven-feet tall scheduled for June

Clauses whenever Jared introduces

himself until we reached that corner as soon as the program began as if he had seen a ghost if you strive for it whatever you said to Jill to whomever you choose after the graduation ceremony

ended as if you do not know if we can conduct ourselves

maturely

Create a cornell notepage: What is the difference between a phrase and a clause?What is a phrase?

A group of words that does not have both a verb and a subject.

A phrase is not a complete sentence.What is a clause?

A group of words that does have a verb and subject.

An independent clause is a complete sentence.

A subordinate clause is not a complete sentence.

Cornell Notes cont..Phrase

Example: The man at the North Pole…Why? Word group does not have a subject and a

verb.• Bonus: Which does it have? Subject OR verb?

Non-example: When he comes to our home…Why? Word group has a subject and a verb.

Trick to remember: Does the word group lack a subject OR a verb? If so, then it is a phrase.

Clauses.

ClauseExample: When he comes to our home…

Why? Word group has a subject AND a verb, but is not a complete sentence or thought.

Non-example: The man at the North Pole…Why? Word group has a subject, but lacks a verb.

Trick to remember: Does the word group have both a subject AND a verb? If so, then it is a clause.If it makes a complete thought, it is an independent

clause.If it does NOT make a complete thought, it is a

subordinate clause. (During this unit we will focus on subordinate clauses.)

prepositional phrase

Definition: a group of words that includes a preposition, the object of the preposition (a noun or pronoun), and any modifiers of that object.

Example: Having breakfast at the International House of Pancakes was a treat for all of us.

Practice

Turn to page 5 in your packets. Complete the 5 sentences at the bottom of the page by inserting a prepositional phrase. (Read the directions above if you are still confused.)

Volunteers?

She ran __________________________.

Cathy sang quite beautifully____________ ___________.

Please take this carton ______________.

Misplaced prepositional phrases

A prepositional phrase should clearly indicate the word that it modifies (describes). Our team scored three runs in the last inning.

If it is misplaced, it should be moved to its proper place within the sentence.Beneath the pile of wood, John found the missing

hammers.Who is underneath the pile of wood? John or the missing

hammers?Correction: John found the missing hammers beneath the

pile of wood.

Where are the misplaced prepositional phrases?

The car transported the celebrity with squeaky wheels.

A vampire chased the girl with frightening fangs.

At the bottom of the glass, we saw the olive.

adjective phrase

Definition: a prepositional phrase that modifies (describes) a noun or pronoun

Example: We approached the highest peaks in the Alps.

Practice

Turn to page 444 in your books. Complete Exercise 2.

Volunteers?

The pretty picture ___________________ is right here.

Some __________________ have already been printed.

The key___________________ is under the mat.

Homework for tonight…

Complete the following pages in your packet:Page 6 – allPage 7 – oddsPage 9 - odd

Do Now: Review Adjective Phrases

Page 12 #’s 6-10Complete the sentence by using the adjective phrase to describe a noun.

*If you’re having trouble remembering…

review pg 10 & 11.

adverb phrase

Definition: a prepositional phrase that modifies (describes) an adjective or an adverb

Example: Terry cleaned his room in a few minutes.

Practice

Turn to page 13 in your packets. Complete the 5 sentences at the bottom of the page by inserting an adverb phrase. (Read the directions above if you are still confused.)

Volunteers?

The famous author was signing his books

________________________________.

Most adults enjoy walking ___________

___________________.

They should win this election _________

___________________.

verb phrase

Definition: a main verb plus one or more helping verbs.

Examples:The military officer will be returning home soon.You might have forgotten your wallet.Are you helping the minister tomorrow?

Practice

Turn to page 15 in your packets. Complete the 5 sentences at the bottom of the page by inserting an verb phrase. (Read the directions above if you are still confused.)

Volunteers?

Jasmine _____ ______ _____ good grades in her social studies class.

_______ he ______ his win streak at the tournament?

Our local pharmacist _________ _________ our family for many years.

Homework for tonight…

Complete the following pages in your packet:Page 11/12 – allPage 14 – oddsPage 16 - odd

verbal

Definition: a verb form used as an adjective, a noun, or an adverb. There are 3 types:Participle: a verbal that acts like an adjectiveGerund: a verbal that acts like a noun Infinitive: a verbal that acts like a noun, adjective or

adverb.Examples:

Chattering and screaming, the monkeys disappeared into the treetops.

I especially enjoyed the dancing. Is that hard to see?

participle

Definition: a verb form that can be used as an adjective.

Example: The exhausted hikers headed for home.

participle phrase

Definition: a phrase that consists of a participle and its complements and modifiers.

Example: At the wildlife park, we were startled by the gibbons swinging through the trees.

Practice

Turn to page 18 in your packets. Complete the whole page with your table.

gerund

Definition: a verb form ending in –ing that is used as a noun

Example: Fishing for blue crabs is especially popular in the Gulf Coast states.

gerund phrase

Definition: a phrase that consists of a gerund and its modifiers and complements.

Example: Photographing old stone bridges is one of Tracy’s hobbies.

Practice

Turn to page 19 in your packets. Complete the 5 sentences at the bottom of the page by inserting a gerund phrase. (Read the directions above if you are still confused.)

Volunteers?

________________ is her grandmother’s favorite activity.

The players enjoyed ________________.

She always remembered ___________________.

infinitive

Definition: a verb form, usually preceded by to, use as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb.

Example: Patty tried to play the trumpet but decided that she preferred to learn the clarinet.

infinitive phrase

Definition: a phrase that consist of an infinitive and its modifiers and complements.

Example: Ms. Snyder tried to explain the meaning of the phrase, but we still found it hard to understand.

Practice

Turn to page 22 in your packets. Complete the 5 sentences on the page by inserting an infinitive phrase. (Read the directions on page 21 if you are still confused.)

Volunteers?

The president needed________________.

__________________________________ you must be physically fit.

They are about ____________________.

appositive

Definition: a noun or pronoun placed beside another noun or pronoun to identify or describe it.

Example: My great-aunt Rina was born in Poland.

appositive phrase

Definition: a phrase that consist of an appositive and its modifiers.

Example: Kublai Khan, the first emperor of the Yuan dynasty, united China under his rule.