Phrasal Verbs

F R O N T L I N E E N G L I S H

G R A M M A R S E R I E S

Jeremy Harrison

PHRASAL VERBS

Written by - Escrito por:Jeremy Harrison

Translated by - Traducido por:Eduardo Rosset

Published by - Editado por:Editorial Stanley

Design - Diseno:Angela Gomez

Layout - Maquetacion:MIZAR PUBLICIDAD, S.C.

Design front page - Diseno portada:DISENO IRUNES

©1998 Jeremy Harrison© 2003 Editorial StanleyApdo. 207-20300IRUN-SPAINTelf. 943 6404 12- Fax 943 6438 [email protected]

ISBN: 84-7873-368-XDep. Leg.: BI-1268-03

Primera edition 2003Printed at - Imprime:Imprenta Berekintza

CONTENTSPag.

Introduction 11 Verbs with up (1) • Movimiento hacia arriba • Aumento 42 Verbs with up (2) • Aproximandose/Llegando 63 Verbs with up (3) • Mejora • Adjuntando/Cerrando 94 Verbs with up (4) • Conclusion • Dano 125 Verbs with out (1) • Salida • Fuera o lejos de casa 146 Verbs with out (2) • Retirada y exclusion • Extincion, elimination y expiration 167 Verbs with out (3) • Por completo • Distribution 188 Verbs with out (4) • Selection • Peligro/Poner atencion • Descubriendo 209 Verbs with off (1) • Comienzo • Quitar, remover 23

10 Verbs with off (2) • Parando/Cancelando • Previniendo • Disminuyendo 2611 Verbs with off (3) • Acabando/Completando • Sucediendo • Separation 2912 Verbs with in (1) • Entrada • En casa 3213 Verbs with in (2) • Penetrando/Absorbiendo • Inclusion • Participation 3514 Verbs with in (3) • Empezar • Llenar/Completar • Colapsar 3715 Verbs with on (1) • Incluyendo/Cubriendo/Anadiendo • Comienzo 4016 Verbs with on (2) • Continuation • Animo • Actuacion/Desempeno 4317 Verbs with down (1) • Movimiento hacia abajo/Comiendo y bebiendo •

Disminucion/Reduccion 4618 Verbs with down (2) • Derrota/Colapso/Destruccion • Dejar de funcionar/

Fracaso o fallo • Grabacion/Atribucion a 4819 Verbs with about, around and round • Sin rumbo • Por todos los sitios •

Girar/Darse la vuelta • Visitar 5120 Verbs with away (1) • Movimiento alejandose/Retirandose •

Quitar/Disponer 5421 Verbs with away (2) • Guardando/Escondiendo • Ausencia/Viaje •

Continuo, actividad intensa 5622 Verbs with over (1) • Cayendo • Cambio/Transferencia 5923 Verbs with over (2) • Consideration cuidadosa • Cubriendo/Escondiendo •

Teraiinado • A la casa de alguien 6124 Verbs with back • Movimiento • Vuelta al punto de partida •

Respondiendo/Reciprocidad 6425 Verbs with apart and through • Desmantelar • Separation •

Completar/A conciencia • Contacto por telefono 66Revision: come..., go..., bring..., take..., get..., put..., turn..., keep... 68Answers 73

PROLOGUEThis book concentrates solely on a challenging but highlyimportant area of English Grammar: Phrasal Verbs.But What is a Phrasal Verbs? Phrasal Verbs arecombinations of a verb and a particle - the particle eitherchanges the normal meaning of the verb or adds an extrameaning to it. The introduction to this book will help youunderstand this and other essential points about PhrasalVerbs, such as word order, etc.

Este libra se centra en un area importantisimade la gramatica inglesa: Los verbos frasales.Pero, que es un verbo frasal? Los verbos frasalesson combinaciones de un verbo y una particula -la particula o bien cambia el significado del verbo o leafiade un significado extra. Este libro le ayudara a usted aentender esto y otros puntos esenciales sobre los verbosfrasales, tales como el orden de las palabras, etc.

What the book consists of: En que consiste este libro:25 main units which uniquely cover the fourteenmost frequent adverb particles which combine withverbs (up, out, off, in, on, down, about, around,round, away, over, back, apart, through).A revision section of exercises using the commonestverbs which combine with particles: come, go, bring,take, get, put, turn, keep.Full answers to all exercises.

25 unidades principales que cubren las catorceparticulas adverbiales mas usuales que combinancon verbos (up, out, off, in, on, down, about,around, away, over, back, apart, through).Una section de ejercicios de repaso usando losverbos mas comunes que combinan con particulas:come, go, bring, take, get, put, turn, keep.

. Solucionario de los ejercicios.

Key features of the book:* - Clear and concise Grammar explanations and rules in

Spanish which take into account your very individualproblems.

* Nearly 200 simple, real and reliable examplesentences in English/Spanish complement thegrammar explanations.Well over 100 all-English exercises linked veryclosely to the explanations.

Principales caracteristicasdel libro:

Explicaciones y reglas gramaticales en espanol quetienen en cuenta los problemas individuales de todoestudiante.Casi 200 frases de ejemplos sencillos, reales en unasexplicaciones de gramatica en espanol y en ingles.

* • Mas de 100 ejercicios en ingles relacionadoscon las explicaciones.

Who is the book for?The book is designed for intermediate studentsof English, who are working by themselves or in a schoolor language institution. Students above and belowintermediate level will also gain much indispensibleknowledge about the meaning of phrasal verbs fromthis book.

Para quien es este libro?Este libro esta pensado para los estudiantesde ingles autodidactas o que estudian en una escuelao Centro de idiomas. Los estudiantes por encimay por debajo del nivel intermedio obtendran de este librounos conocimientos indispensables sobre el significadode los verbos frasales.

INTRODUCTIONSobre este libroEste libro practica los verbos frasales con adverbios. Hemos cogido las catorce particulasadverbiales mas frecuentes y explicado las varias maneras diferentes en las que se modificael significado de los verbos. Hay ejemplos y ejercicios para mostrar los contextos tipicos ytambien los diferentes disenos sintacticos que se usan con ellos. Sin embargo, el libro esesencialmente sobre el significado de los verbos frasales.Este libro no trata con verbos preposicionales. En primer lugar porque presentan menos difi-cultad que los verbos frasales. Tambien porque nos parece que la mejor manera de apren-derlos es como proverbios.

Cual es la forma mas efectiva de usar este libro?Lea las explicaciones en las paginas de la izquierda, despues haga los ejercicios. El ejerci-cio 1 en cada section se deberia hacer como se hacen los ejercicios 2,3 y 4. Si se usa un buendiccionario (es decir, un diccionario con ejemplos) mientras usted hace los ejercicios, con-tribuira a fijar las diferentes combinaciones en su mente. INTRODUCTION

Sobre los verbos frasales: (5 preguntas contestadas)

Que es un verbo frasal?Un verbo frasal es una combination de un verbo y una particula. La particula o bien cambiael significado del verbo o anade un significado extra al verbo.

Que es una particula?Una particula es o bien una preposicion o un adverbio. De hecho, el termino 'particula' seusa porque la misma palabra puede ser a veces una preposicion o un adverbio. Fijese en upen estos dos ejemplos:

2A John ran up the stairs (up es una preposicion)2B John picked up his hat (up es un adverbio)

Estas palabras siempre son preposiciones:

Against, among, as, at, beside, for, from, into, like,of, onto, upon, with.

Estas palabras son siempre adverbios:

Ahead, apart, aside, away, back, forward, forwards, home,in front, on top, out (en ingles britanico), together.

Estas palabras pueden ser adverbios o preposiciones:

About, above, across, after, along, around, by, down, in, off, on, out(en ingles americano), over, past, round, through, under, up.

Los adverbios en cursiva son tratados a fondo en este libro. Se presentan en orden descen-dente de frecuencia en veinticinco secciones de dos paginas.

INTRODUCTION

Que es un verbo frasal preposicional?Muchos verbos van seguidos por una preposicion. En estos dos ejemplos on y about son pre-posiciones:

3A She insisted on a new carpet. (Insistio en una alfombra nueva).3B I dreamed about you last night. (Sone contigo ayer noche).

Sin embargo, estos no son verbos frasales, porque las preposiciones, aunque obligatorias, nocambian o varian el significado normal de los verbos insist y dream (vease parrafo 1, arriba).Algunos verbos van seguidos de una preposicion, y esa preposicion da al verbo un significa-do especial. Fijese en into y after en estos ejemplos:

3C Will you look after my bag for me? ( Quieres cuidar de mi bolsapor mi?).\ 3D She came into a fortune on his death. (Ella heredo unafortuna a la muerte de el).

Los verbos 3C y 3D pueden ser defmidos como verbos frasales preposicionales. Algunos losllaman simplemente 'verbos preposicionales' (cualquier preposicion puede combinar con unverbo para hacer un verbo preposicional). Los verbos frasales preposicionales deben ser dife-renciados de los verbos frasales adverbiales.

Cual es la diferencia entre un verbo frasalpreposicional y un verbo frasal adverbial?

La diferencia es gramatical.

El objeto de un verbo frasal preposicional debe ir siempre seguido de la preposition. Enrealidad, es el objeto de la preposition, no el verbo:

Verbo Preposition Objeto

4A Who is looking after the children?4B Mary is looking after them1.

El objeto de un verbo frasal adverbial puede seguir a la particula (como en el 4C) o puedepreceder a la particula (como en el 4D y 4E):

Verbo Particular adverbial Objeto4C John picked up his hat.

Verbo Objeto Particular adverbial4D John picked his hat up.4E John picked it2 up.

Un verbo frasal adverbial puede, por supuesto, ser intransitivo. En cuyo caso no tiene

objeto: INTRODUCTIONVerbo Particula adverbial

4F John ran away.

Notas importantes:1. Cuando el objeto de un verbo prepositional es un pronombre (me, you, him, her, it, one,

us, them), debe seguir la preposition (como en 4B).2. Cuando el objeto de un verbo frasal adverbial es un pronombre (me, you, him, her, it,

one, us, them), debe preceder la particula (como en 4E).

Como se puede saber si un verbo frasales preposicional o adverbial?

Cuando se mira en un buen diccionario para estudiantes de ingles, lo indica. Diferentes dic-cionarios usan codigos diferentes.

- Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English distingue entre v prep y v adv.- Collins Cobuild Dictionary distingue entre v + prep y v + adv. Este diccionario

tambien da information sobre la position del objeto.

Algunos dictionarios se refieren a verbos preposicionales como 'inseparables', y a verbosfrasales adverbiales como 'separables'.

UNIT1

UNIT1 VERBS wITH UP (1)Movimiento hacia arriba • Aumento

Up es una de las particulas que se encuentran mas frecuentemente con verbos frasales.

Movimiento hacia arribaEl significado basicode up es 'movimientohacia arriba' como enlas frases siguientes:

He picked up his coat and left the room.Recogio su abrigo y salio de la habitation.Susana put up her hand to ask the teacher a question.Susana levanto la manopara hacer unapregunta al profesor.

Metaforicamente, tam-bien se puede 'levantar' I'm glad you brought up that point. It's very important.un tema para discusion Me alegro que sacaras a relucir esepunto. Es muy importante.(bring up a subject):

Los verbos con up tambien pueden tener el significado de 'traer o llevar a la superficie'.Despues de enterrarlo, un perro desenterrara un hueso (dig up a bone). Hablando metafori-camente, un periodista quiza quiera 'desenterrar' el pasado de un politico (dig up his past).

AumentoOtro significado queup puede dar a me-nudo a los verbos esla idea de 'aumentar'como en las frasessiguientes:

Turn up the radio -1 can't hear what he's saying.Sube el volumen de la radio - No oigo lo que dice.Children build up a resistance to germs as they grow older.Los ninos se hacen mas resistentes a los germenes segun crecen.Hurry up or we'll miss the train.Date prisa o perderemos el tren.

EXERCISESEXERCISE 1 (Haga este ejercicio al mismo tiempo que completa

los ejercicios 2,3 y 4)

Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a estos verbos LI:1. Educar 6.2. Desenterrar 7.3. Levantarse 8.4. Subir los precios 9.5. Levantar la mirada 10.

RecogerSubir el cuelloSacar a relucir un temaConstruirCrecer

11. Calentar12. Darse prisa13. Hablar mas alto/levantar la voz14. Subir el volumen15. Calentar

EXERCISE 2Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla.

bring up (x2) dig up get up go up lift uplook up pick up put up turn up

1. Martha a plate and threw it at George.2. He the corner of the carpet, to see the maker's name.3. I coughed loudly but the woman behind the desk didn't4. One day Mario an old Roman knife in his garden.5. If you know the answer, your hand.6. 'It's cold', he said and the collar of his coat.7. I'm glad that you that question.8. What time do you want to tomorrow?9. The cost of living every year.

10. Then he the embarrassing subject of money.


brighten up bring up build up grow up heat uphurry up speak up turn up warm up work up

UNIT

1. Martha the volume so that she could hear the music in the bathroom.2. She put some flowers on the table to the room.3. The doctor told him to eat plenty of protein to his strength.4. If I have children, I want to them in the country.5. I'm a bit deaf. Could you , please?6. I in a big city, but I like the country best.7. We'll be late if we don't8. She moved near the radiator to her feet.9. You can this soup , or drink it cold.

10. A five kilometre walk before lunch will an appetite.

EXERCISE 4Una los verbos frasales 1-6 con las palabras y las frases A-H.1. Bring up A a question.2. Buildup B an appetite.3. Get up c children.4. Put up D in the morning.5. Turnup E the volume.6. Work up F your collar.

G your hand.H your strength.

UNIT2 VERBS WITH UP (2)

• Aproximandose/Llegando• Los verbos basicos de movimiento en ingles son go y come. La mayor parte de los

otros verbos de movimiento describen la 'manera' del movimiento, por ejemplo: walk sig-nifica 'a pie', drive significa 'en un coche', creep (crept, crept) significa 'despacio o aescondidas'.

• La particula up anade a los verbos el significado de 'aproximacion o llegada'. Fijese quela preposicion to se usa despues de verbos con up en este significado. De hecho es mejorpensar en up to como inseparables:Ejemplos:

Susan went up to the tennis player and asked him for his autograph.Susan se acerco aljugador de tenis y lepidio su autografo.John is not very tall. He only comes up to his brother's shoulder.John no es muy alto. Solo llega al hombro de su hermano.

• Fijese en el uso metaforicoUNIT2 de come up to: The match didn't come up to expectations.

Elpartido no fue lo que se esperaba."

• Los verbos measure up to y live up to tienen el mismo sentido metaforico.• Los verbos de movimiento se pueden usar sin mencionar el destino, como en la frase B:

A A man in a mask drove up to the bank.Un hombre con una mascara condujo el coche hasta el banco.

B A man in a mask drove up.Un hombre con una mascara se acerco en coche.

• Sin embargo, si se menciona el destino, debe ser despues de up to, como en la frase A. Asipues, esta frase es incorrecta (* He drove the bank up). Esta regla sirve para todos losverbos de movimiento que se usan con up to.A continuation van algunas expresiones relacionadas con ello. Fijese que las dos primerastienen la preposicion with despues de up: catch up with someone o catch someone up(alcanzar a alguien); keep up with someone (pero no *keep someone up) (mantenerse alnivel de alguien):

Show up significa 'llegar cuando la gente espera que lo hagas'. Es una expresion co-rriente.Turn up generalmente significa 'llegar cuando no te esperan'.Snuggle up to someone es una expresion carinosa que significa 'arrimarse a alguien'.

EXERCISESEXERCISE 1 (Haga este ejercicio al mismo tiempo que completa


Busque los verbos frasales que corresponden a estos verbos L1:

1. Catch up with someone A Alcanzar a alguien2. Come up to expectations B Llegar a ser lo que se esperaba3. Drive up c Llegar en coche4. Face up to someone D Enfrentarse a alguien5. Keep up with your work E Estar al dia con tu trabajo6. Lead up to the house F Conducir a la casa (sendero)7. Show up G Aparecer, presentarse8. Arrive unexpectedly (turn up) H Llegar inesperadamente

EXERCISE 2

Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. UNIT2

catch up come up drive up face up keep up lead upshow up snuggle up turn up walk up

1. You're walking too fast. I can't with you.2. With your long legs, you'll soon us3. She to him and whispered something in his ear.4. An avenue of lime trees to the castle.5. - What's the time?

- It's to half-past six.6. As I came out of the bank, a car It was Sebastian.7. We need to to reality.8. Jack always when you least expect him.9. We expected him at 10 o'clock, but he didn't

10. Martha just to George and hit him in the face.

EXERCISE 3Complete el texto con las formas correctas de cinco verbos frasales de la casilla.

drive up face up keep up show up (x2)catchup come up (x2) lead up creep up

London. December. Very cold. Greg waited for Ginger at the end of the short road that(1) to the prison. From time to time people (2) to him. A man in anexpensive coat wanted a match for his cigarette. A girl with green eyes asked him the wayto the prison. Greg was nervous. An hour passed. Suddenly the two men from thenightclub (3) in a black Mercedes.'Are you waiting for Ginger?' asked the driver.'Yeah, but he hasn't (4) ', said Greg. 'He said he'd be here at four. It's (5) tofive o'clock now and he hasn't (6) _ ''That's because he's not coming, my friend. Ginger has gone to Spain and he's notcoming back. Get in the car.'Greg climbed in.'Listen, my friend. You need to (7) to the reality of the situation. You're not goingto see Ginger again - or your money.

EXERCISE 4Una los verbos frasales 1-6 con las oradones A-F.

1. Catch up A out of nowhere.2. Come up B to the truth.3. Coming up c to midnight.

UNIT2. 4. Face up D to expectations.5. Keep up E with someone.6. Turn up F with your work.

UNIT3 VERBS WITH UP (3)Mejora • Adjuntando/Cerrando

MejoraCon algunos verbos, la particula up anade el sentido de 'mejora' o 'hacer algo mas dis-puesto'. Es un aspecto de la idea de 'aumentar' que considerabamos anteriormente (vease1.2,pag.6).Asi, si el verbo es, por ejemplo, tidy (ordenar) el anadir el up significa 'el poner ordensegun los requeridos estandar'. Up a menudo se usa en ese sentido con los verbos relacio-nados con 'limpieza', como en el primero de los siguientes ejemplos y, metaforicamente,en el segundo:

I really must tidy up my bedroom.Verdaderamente debo poner orden en mi dormitorio.Before I go to New York I must brush up my English.Antes de ir a Nueva York debo pulir mi ingles.The actor took three hours to make up for the part of Dracula.El actor tardo tres horas en maquillarse para elpapel de Dracula.

Adjuntando/CerrandoUp se usa a menudo con un sentido de 'adjuntando' o 'cerrando' algo. Por ejemplo, segunque clase de botas (boots) pueden ser atadas con una cremallera (zip), o un lazo (a lace),o botones (buttons). Eso da estas posibilidades en ingles:

Zip up your bootsLaceButton

Una posibilidad mas, si se esta atando las botas con lazos o incluso cordel, cuerda, o cin-tas, se usa el verbo tie (atar): tie up your boots.El verbo do up se puede usar tambien para cualquier prenda de vestir: do up your boots/your shirt.Los ejemplos anteriores demuestran algo que sucede muy a menudo, a saber, que el 'verbo'que forma parte del verbo frasal puede indicar la manera en que se hace algo. Fijese tam-bien en este caso en particular, que la palabra con el sentido de 'anudar' (lace, button,zip, etc.) es, a menudo, un sustantivo pero este sustantivo se usa exactamente como si fueraun verbo.Lo contrario de todos estos verbos no es un verbo frasal. Se anade el prefijo un- al verbo.Asi: undo your jacket, unzip..., unbutton..., untie..., etc.

UNIT3

UNIT3

EXERCISESEXERCISE 1 (Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa


Busque los verbos ingleses frasales y expresiones que se correspondan con las expresio-nesLl:

1. Hacer una casa (decorar) 5. Lavar los platos2. Pulir tu ingles 6. Atar/sujetar un caballo3. Subir la cremallera 7. Vestirse para una fiesta4. Alegrar a alguien

EXERCISE 2

Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla.

brush up cleanup cheer up do up dress up wash up

1. It's not a formal party. There's no need to for it.2. If we the house, we'll get a better price for it.3. I need to my English before I go to India. It's useful there.4. Please the saucepans when you've finished cooking.5. I must the kitchen a bit, before my mother arrives.6. Catherine was a bit depressed about her exam results, so we took her to see a film

to her

EXERCISE 3


board up doup(x2) tieup(x2) zipup(x3)

1. He had eaten so much that he couldn't the buttons on his jacket.2. He bent down to his shoes.3. They the empty house to keep out tramps and squatters.4. It's OK, Mum, I can my shirt without your help.5. She put her camera under a pullover and the bag.6. He his leather jacket, unzipped it, then it again.7. Clint his horse then walked slowly towards the six men.

EXERCISESUna los verbos frasales 1-6 con las frases A-F.1. Button up2. Tie up3. Brush up4. Cheer up!5. Dress up6. Tidy up

A a dog.B Life's not so bad.c for a formal occasion.D your shirt.E the flat.F your English.

UNIT3

UN!T4 VERBS WITH UP (4)Conclusion • Dano

Conclusion• La particula up a menudo implica que se ha completado algo; algo se hace por comple-

te - algo se ha acabado. Use significa 'usar' (como en 1 A) pero use up significa 'consu-mir totalmente' (como en 1B):

1A He used travellers cheques to pay for the car.Uso cheques de viaje para pagar el coche.

1 B He used up his travellers cheques to pay for the car.Agoto todos los cheques de viaje para pagar el coche.

• Con verbos como tear (desgarrar), burn (quemar), use (usar), la particula up anade lanotion de 'completar'.La combination idiomatica give up significa 'desistir, dejar de':

UNIT4Why don't you give up smoking? I gave up a year ago.l?or que no dejas defumar? Lo deje hace un ano.

Sin embargo, up se usa con muchos verbos que en si mismos indican 'complete'. Asi pues,no hay una diferencia real entre fill y fill up (llenar) o cover y cover up (cubrir). Con estosverbos, se podria decir que up le da mas enfasis.

Dano• La particula up a menudo se usa con verbos coloquiales que sugieren dafio de alguna espe-

cie. Por ejemplo blow up (estallar, explotar), smash up (destrozar). Mess up a room sig-nifica 'desordenar una habitation'. Pero mess up tambien se usa metaforicamente; porejemplo: mess up someone's day significa sencillamente 'fastidiarle a alguien el dia'.

EXERCISES(Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa

los ejercicios 2,3 y 4)Busque los verbos frasales que corresponden a estos verbos LI:1. Acabar como presidente 5. Zancadillear a alguien2. Llenar el deposito de gasolina 6. Explosionar un edificio3. Encubrir una equivocacion 7. Terminar tu cerveza4. Romper una carta 8. Cerrar la tienda


burn up drink up dry up eat up tear up use up

1. I my last £1 coin on a parking meter.2. The program will 20 megabytes of your hard disk.3. This river usually in summer.4. She the letter and threw it in the bin.5. They their beer and left the pub.6. Running is a good way to calories.


cover up end up fill up (x2) shut up wash up

1. He'll in prison, if he doesn't stop cheating people.2. Don't bother to those pans I'll do them later.3. She the car with petrol.4. Anita decided to the shop for a week and go on holiday.5. There was no way she could her mistake.6. She used to her days with shopping and telephoning friends.


blowup mess up shake up smash up trip up

1. I'm sorry to your plans but I'm afraid I can't lend you the car.2. The terrorists tried to a police station with a home-made bomb.3. The football fans all the cafes on that side of the street.4. Campbell threw himself, feet first, and the Italian player.5. The accident me more than I expected.

UNIT4

UNIT5 VERBS WITH OUT (1)Salida • Fuera o lejos de casa

Salida• La particula out se combi-

na con verbos de movi- Come out with your hands up!miento con el significado Sal con las manos en alto!de 've fuera/sal'. El verbo Don't go out without a raincoat.indica la manera de salir, la No saigas sin gabardina.particula out es la parte When he opened the cupboard, a skeleton fell out.que significa 'salida'. Asi Cuando abrio el armario, cayo un esqueleto.para salir de una habita-tion donde estoy se dice go out. Para salir hacia mi de algun otro sitio se dice come out.Pero para salir corriendo se dice run out. Mira estos ejemplos:

• Out tambien se suele usar con verboscomo push (empujar), pull (tirar de) I squeezed out the last bit of toothpaste.etcetera, para mostrar la manera en la Estruje hasta sacar toda la pasta de dientes.

UNIT5 que se saca algo o a alguien fuera:Fijese en el uso metaforico de stand out que significa 'que sobresale'.

Fuera o leios de casa• La particula out se

usa a veces con el sen- Grandma doesn't go out much since Grandpa died.tido de fuera o lejos La abuela no sale mucho desde que murio el abuelo.de casa como en estos The door blew shut in the wind and I was locked out.ejemplos: La puerta se cerro con el viento y yo me quede fuera.

• Stay out late significa 'volver tarde a casa'.• Out se puede usar con los verbos invite y ask para significar 'invitar a salir'. Ejemplo: Si

usted ask someone out significa que esa persona es su invitada en un restaurante o cine,por ejemplo. Si usted take people out usted paga los gastos. Si usted go out with someo-ne, esa persona es su novio o novia.


EXERCISE1 los ejercicios 2, 3 y 4)

Busque los verbos ingleses frasales que corresponden a estos verbos L1:1. Escaparse de la carcel 4. Dejar salir al gato2. Salir de casa de alguien 5. Volver tarde a casa3. Invitar a salir a alguien 6. Sacar un panuelo


break out fall out jump out let out pull output out run out stand out stick out take out

1. He took a deep breath and of the plane.2. At 4 o'clock, all the children of school.3. He a large, yellow handkerchief.4. As he pulled out his handkerchief, a packet of cigarettes of his pocket.5. Two prisoners of Brixton Prison early this morning.6. It's your turn to the dog for a walk.7. I always the cat at night.8. Don't the cat when you open the door.9. The director had a big cigar of his shirt pocket.

10. As a manager, she really from the crowd.

EXERCISE 3Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. UN.ITS

ask out call out go out invite out

2. - Could I speak to Valerie, please?- I'm afraid she has She'll soon be back.

3. Jack's father forgot that Jack wasn't at home and him by mistake.4. - Are you going to all night?

- No, I'll be back at about 2 a.m.5. Uncle Jim has been staying with us for more than a year now. I don't know when he's

going to6. I think she likes you. Why don't you her ?7. I don't want to the doctor in the middle of the night.

EXERCISE 4Una 1-5 con A-E.1. When did the tenants A a restaurant.2. Pull out B stick out.3. Ears which c late.4. Ask someone out to D move out?5. Stay out E a handkerchief.

l o c k o u t m o v e o u t s t a y o u t

UNIT6

UNIT6 VERBS WITH OUT (2)Retirada y exclusion • Extincion, elimination y expiration

La particulaout tiene unsentido de re-tirada o ex-traction en losverbos takeout y pullout:

Out a menu-do tiene unsentido de'exclusion':

Students may only take out five library books.Los estudiantes pueden sacar solamente cinco libros de la biblioteca.I can take out 100 pounds a day with my Visa card.Puedo sacar 100 libras al dia con mi tarjeta Visa.The dentist took out my wisdom tooth.El dentista me saco la muela deljuicio.She spent the morning pulling out weeds.Sepaso la manana arrancando las malas hierbas.

Private. Keep out. Privado. Prohibida la entrada.The bouncers threw him out. Los gorilas le arrojaron del local.'He has an alibi, so we can rule him out', said the detective.'Tiene una coartada, asi que podemos eliminarle', dijo el detective.

Extincion, elimination y expiration• Algunos verbos con out tie-

nen el significado de 'extin-cion'o 'elimination':

• Notese el uso metaforico:stamp out crime.

• Algunos verbos con out tie-nen el sentido de 'expirar/llegaral final':

EXERCISES

Put out a fire.The fire goes out.Stamp out a fire.

Apagar un incendio.El incendio se apaga.Apaga el fuego pisdndolo.

Time is running outRun out of cigarettes.

El tiempo se acaba.Quedarse sin cigarillos.

EXERCISE 1 (Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completalos ejercicios 2,3 y 4)

Busque los verbos frasales que corresponden a estos verbos L1:1. Tirar cosas que no se quieren2. Arrancar mala hierba3. Eyectar4. Aplastar un cigarrillo5. Quitar la mantequilla (dejar de comer mantequilla)6. Quedarse sin dinero

7. Mantenerse en sitio caliente8. Prohibida la entrada9. Descartar, excluir

10. Apagar un incendio11. Arrancar una muela12. Coger un libro de la biblioteca

Retirada y exclusion


cut out keep out (x3) miss out rule outshutout take out throw out

1. - Where are my blue trainers?-1 them They were disgusting.

2. A notice on the gate said 'PRIVATE - '.3. The prime minister the possibility of a referendum.4. It's ridiculous to women of the top jobs.5. I'm wearing this enormous coat to the cold.6. The doctor advised me to sugar and butter.7 all thoughts of failure.8. - January, February, March, May, June,...

- You April.9. You're allowed to three books at a time from the library.

EXERCISE 3Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. UNIT5

die out go out knock out put out run out (x2)sell out squeeze out stamp out stub out wipe out

1. If you leave a cigarette in an ashtray, it doesn't , but a cigar does.2. If the police managed to all crime, they wouldn't have a job.3. Many species of birds every year because of pollution.4. The fire service fought all night to the fire5. Can I my cigarette on this plate?6. Myxomatosis is a disease that can the entire rabbit population.7. Only thirty seconds to go! Time is You must answer the question.8. I've of cigarettes. Where can I buy a packet?9. Manchester United Juventus in the semi-final of the UEFA Cup.

10. Giant supermarkets are all the small shopkeepers.11. I'm sorry we have of bread. But we can sell you some cakes.

EXERCISE 4Una las dos partes de las frases.

1. The government passed a law to A ruled out.2. The possibility of rain cannot be B taken out.3. Before entering, all cigarettes must be c keep out immigrants.4. You really should D put out.5. This tooth needs to be E throw out those old boots.

UNIT7 VERBS WITH OUT (3)Por completo • Distribution

Por completo• Algunos verbos con out signi- She typed out her essay.

fican que la actividad indicada Ella paso a mdquina su ensayo.por el verbo se hace a fondo; He wrote out a list of all her qualities.se consigue alguna clase de El hizo una lista con todas las cualidades de ella.resultado:

• En el primer ejemplo, el ensayo fue mecanografia-do del todo. He cleared out the cellar.

• Notese que out a menudo se usa con verbos que se Hizo limpieza en la bodega.derivan de adjetivos como clean out, tidy out,clear out, even out, flatten out, level out, hollowout, straighten out.

• El resultado de tales verbos es que algo se queda clean (limpio), tidy (ordenado), clearUNIT7 (descongestionado), even (allanado), etc.

Distnbucion• Algunos verbos con out tienen el sentido de 'distribuir' (como en el primer ejemplo a con-

tinuation) o 'radiar' (como en el segundo ejemplo), o 'abrir como un abanico':

Her job is to give out samples of perfume in a department store.Su trabajo es dar/repartir muestras de perfume en unos grandes almacenes.That fire gives out a lot of heat.Esefuego da mucho calor.She opened out the fan.Abrio el abanico.The policemen spread out across the field to look for clues.Lapolicia se esparcio por el campo para buscar pistas.


EXERCISE1 los ejercicios 2, 3 y 4)

Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a estos verbos LI:1. Probar una receta 4. Cansar a alguien 7. Facilitar informacion a la prensa2. Encontrar una solucion 5. Entregar folletos 8. Rellenar un impreso3. Resolver un problema 6. Dar calor 9. Vaciar una habitacion


checkout clean out fill out sort out spread outtest out tire out try out write out printout

1. First, you will have to this application form.2. He asked me to a cheque for £500.3. The man says he was at the Paradise Club. Can you his alibi, Tom?4. Before marketing these shampoos, they them on animals - rabbits usually.5. My essay is on disk. I've just got to it6. Come to lunch on Sunday. I'm going to a new recipe.7. We sent the wrong goods to this customer. Will you _ _ the problem , Mr Smith?8. This table is too small. I'll the map on the floor.9. I think the walk from the station has your grandmother

10. I must this cupboard. It's really dirty.

EXERCISE 3Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. UNIT7

give out (x2) go out hand out put out send out

1. -What's your job?-1 leaflets in the street for a travel agency.

2. Susan, will you these photocopies, please? One to each person.3. We are going to an invitation to all our customers.4. This radiator a lot of heat.5. The public relations department a press release to calm people's fears.6. Language programmes on the BBC in the middle of the night.

"EXERCISE 4Una las dos mitades de las frases.

1. If you work something out, A you make enquiries to see if it is correct.2. If you sort a problem out, B you use them to see what happens.3. If you check something out, c you think about it until you understand it.4. If you try things out, D you distribute them.5. If you give things out, E you do something to solve it, or eliminate it.6. If you fill out a form, F you leave nothing blank.

U N I T 7

UNIT8 VERBS WITH OUT (4)Selection • Peligro/Poner atencion • Descubriendo

SelectionOut se usa con algunos verbos par dar una idea de selection. Point at something (senalaralgo) significa sencillamente apuntar con el dedo hacia algo. Point something out signi-fica dirigir la atencion de alguien a algo con o sin el dedo. Pick something out significaelegir algo entre otras cosas:

The woman at the agency picked out Chloe's best photos and sent them to the client.La mujer de la agenda eligio las mejoresfotos de Chloey las mando al cliente.I would just like to point out that Scotland is not part of England.Me gustaria senalar que Escocia no es parte de Inglaterra.

Peligro/Poner atencionUNIT8 Out se usa con algunos verbos para

querer decir 'prestar atencion': Watch out! Cuidado!Mind out! Cuidado!Lookout! Cuidado!

• A menudo hay un peligro...:

Hatch out for bits of broken glass on the bathroom floor.Cuidado con los cristales rotos en el suelo del bano.

... pero no siempre hay peligro:

I'm coming to your town tomorrow. I'll look out for you.Voy a tu ciudad manana. A ver si te veo.

• Fijese que we'll look for you significa 'te buscaremos', pero we'll look out for you sig-nifica sencillamente que miraremos a ver si te vemos. Watch out for y listen out for sepueden usar de la misma forma.

DescubriendoI see her every day. How can I find out her name?La veo todos los dias. Comopuedo averiguar su nombre?This is her signature, but I can't make out the name.Esta es sufirma, pero nopuedo distinguir su nombre.

EXERCISESEXERCISE 1 (Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa


Busque los verbos frasales que corresponden a estos verbos:

1. Elegir2. Estar ojo avizor3. Senalar4. Averiguar algo

5. Destacarauno6. Entender7. Vigilar8. Escuchar atentamente

EXERCISE 2


listen outpoint out (x2)

look outsingle out

pick outwatch out (x3)

1. He went to the bookshelf and a yellow book. 'Take this', he whispered.2. During the interview, he Picasso as the greatest influence on his work.3. I would just like to that intelligence is no substitute for hard work.4 ! There's a car coming.5 for pickpockets! They love crowds like this.6 ! You're going to knock over that glass with your coat.7. After the traffic-lights, turn left and for a pub called the Green Dragon.8. She sat in bed for the sound of his key in the door.9. He stopped from time to time to an interesting piece of architecture.

UNIT8

UNIT8


figure out find out make out (x2) work out (x2)

1. Where can I the time of the last train?2. I can't where I have seen you before. But I recognize your face.3. His writing is terrible. I can't this word.4. She's trying to how much money she needs to go to Thailand.5. He could just the silhouette of the statue in the fog.6. I'm no good at arithmetic. I can never sums like that.

EXERCISE4Una las dos mitades de las frases.1. If you listen out for the telephone, A you just manage to understand them.2. If you point something out, B you stay alert so that you hear it when3. If you look out for something, it rings.4. If you can just make out what c you choose that person alone for special

someone says on the telephone, attention.5. If you single someone out, D you pay attention so that you don't

miss it when it appears.E you direct someone's attention to it.

UNIT9 VERBS WITH OFF (1)Comienzo • Quitar, remover

ComienzoAlgunos verbos con off llevan consigo un sentido de comienzo o arranque: set off signifi-ca 'comenzar un viaje'; take off generalmente significa el comienzo de una secuencia decosas o actividades. Compare:

The men's 10,000 metres starts at 10 o'clock.Los 10.000 metros masculinos comienzan a las 10.The day's events start off with the women's javalin.Los eventos del dia comienzan con la jabalina femenina.

Como ocurre a menudo con los verbos frasales, la parte del verbo de la combination puedeindicar la manera en la cual algo sucede. Asi: kick off significa 'el saque' (en futbol); backoff significa 'empezar a andar hacia atras'; (back off a menudo se usa metaforicamente UNIT9con el significado de 'impedir una agresion'). Tambien metaforicamente, spark off se usapara 'causar un conflicto' (a spark es 'una chispa'), y kick off se puede usar para darcomienzo a cualquier clase de actividad. Ejemplo:

I want to kick off wth a report of last week's meeting.Quiero empezar con un reportaje de la reunion de la semana pasada.

Quitar, removerMuchos verbos con offimplican la idea de With a brush (con una brocha), you brush something off.'remover/quitar' (una With a knife (con un cuchillo), you cut something off.especie de marcha, si se The storm blew the roof off.quiere). Una vez mas el La tormenta arranco el tejado.verbo mismo puede daruna idea de quitar algo.Porejemplo:

I put my glass on the table. Who took it off!He dejado el vaso en la mesa. Quien se lo ha llevado?

Notese que hay a me- There are no arms on this statue.nudo una oposicion en- Somebody broke them off.tre on y off en mgles: No hay brazos en esta estatua. Alguien los ha roto.

Keep your hat on. If you take it off, you might lose it.Ten puesto el sombrero. Si te lo quitas quizd lo pierdas.

PHRASAL VERBS

EXERCISESEXERCISE 1 (Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completaEXERCISE 1 los ejercicios 2, 3 y 4)


1. Partirtemprano 7. Quitar, rascar lapintura1. Dar comienzo un partido 8. Me quede con el en la mano3. Iniciar una discusion 9. Terminar con todo4. Comenzar como secretaria 10. Dejar sin trabajo5. Expulsaraunjugador 11. Pagar una deuda6. Quitarse el sombrero ante alguien 12. Abarcar mas de lo que puedes

EXERCISE 2


UNIT9 back off go off kick off (x2) send offUNIT 9 set off spark off start off (x2) take of

1. if we want to arrive before lunch, we will have to at 10 o'clock.2. The flight to Los Angeles at 10.15 a.m.3. A terrorist bomb was discovered outside the palace but it didn't4. The referee held up the red card and the player5. When the woman pulled out a gun, the two men immediately.6. A mother as the most important person in a child's life.7. She as a secretary but ended up as the President of the company.8. Yesterday's match late because of the snow.9. The meal was wonderful. We with a delicious soup.

10. The incident a terrible argument between the two brothers.


bite off break off brush off come off cut offkill off lay off payoff strip off take off

1. I my hat to people who work and study at the same time.2. A huge television audience saw Mike Tyson a piece of the other boxer's ear.3. Paula a piece of chocolate and gave it to John.4. Before painting a door, you need to the old paint.5. You've got some dust on your shoulder. Let me _

6. She's going to the legs of her jeans to make a pair of shorts.7. He tried to open the door but the handle in his hand.8. Last year, pollution in the river all the fish.9. For economic reasons the factory had to three hundred workers.

10. I borrowed £1.000 from the bank. I agreed to the debt in six months.

EXERCISE4Una las dos mitades de las frases.

1. He did a very good job2. A cold winter will kill off3. I have bitten off4. She brushed off5. He had to pay off

A his daughter's debts.B the fly on her nose,c I take off my hat to him.D most insects.E more than I can chew.

U N I T 9

UNIT 10 VERBS WITH OFF (2)• Parando/Cancelando • Previniendo • Disminuyendo

Parando/Cancelando• Algunos verbos con off dan una idea de parar. El uso de off esta relacionado con la idea

de 'desconectar'. Una vez mas, hay a veces una oposicion entre on y off como en: switchon (enchufar); switch off (desenchufar). Metaforicamente, break off puede significar'interrumpir':

The two countries broke off diplomatic relations.Los dos paises rompieron relaciones diplomdticas.

• El terminar una conversation telefonica es ring off. Y cancelar una actividad como unareunion, unas vacaciones, una huelga, etc., se llama call it off:

Sorry, Jack. I'm afraid I have to call off our meeting.UNIT 10 Lo siento, Jack. Me temo que tengo que cancelar nuestra entrevista.

The union leaders have called the strike off.Los dirigentes sindicales han desconvocado la huelga.

PreviniendoUn numero de verbosse usan con off (a The old man fought off his attackers with his stick.veces metaforicamen- El anciano ahuyento a sus atacantes con su baston.te) para dar la idea de If you burn this candle, it will keep the mosquitoes off.'repeler' o 'prevenir': Si quemas esta vela, ahuyentard los mosquitos.

Stave es un sustantivo que significa'palo largo'. Stave off, sin embargo, He ate berries to stave off hunger.se usa solo metaforicamente: Comio moms para apaciguar el hambre.

DisminuyendoCiertos verbos con off dan ideade disminuir. Sin embargo, a The pain is easing off now.causa de la naturaleza del verbo El dolor esta disminuyendo ahora.usado, el sentido general es el de The effect is wearing off.un proceso gradual de parada: Los efectos se estan diluyendo/desvaneciendo.

EXERCISES(Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completalos ejercicios 2,3 y 4)EXERCISE 1


1. Apagarlaluz2. Suspender las conversaciones3. Colgar el telefono4. Suspender/cortar los suministros5. Suspender/cancelar una reunion

6. Ahuyentar los insectos7. Luchar contra un catarro8. Los efectos se estan desvaneciendo9. Quemar unas calorias

EXERCISE 2


break of (x2) call off cool off cut off drop offring off switch off turn off wear off work off

ease off UNIT 10

1. Don't forget to the light when you go to bed.2. 'I have never...' John in the middle of the sentence.3. The peace talks will tomorrow if the nationalists refuse to compromise.4. Parents need to know when to the TV.5. This phone call is getting very expensive. I'd better6. If you do not pay your bill within seven days, we will your electricity supply.7. My grandmother became very ill so we our holiday.8. I'm waiting for the rain to before I leave.9. The effects of the injection are beginning to I can feel my lip now.

10. He went for a two-kilometre run to a few calories.11. The tea is very hot. Better wait for it to12. Sales of ice cream in December.


fight off hold off keep off stave off warn off

1. Eating plenty of Vitamin C will help to colds and flu.2. This cream is guaranteed to insects.3. She was trying, without much success, to a cold.4. Farmers hang dead birds on a tree to other birds.5. The men tried to the enemy, while the women escaped.

UNIT 10

EXERCISE4Una las dos mitades de las frases.1. We staved off2. Apparently, this plant keeps off3. We had to call of4. The pain wore off5. She rang off

A the match because of snow.B without waiting for an answer,c hunger with a bag of crisps.D after a few hours.E mosquitoes.

UNIT11 VERBS WITH OFF (3)Acabando/Completando • Sucediendo • Separation

Acabando/CompletandoAlgunos verbos con off llevan consigo la idea de completar o acabar. Los terminos de car-pinteria, polish (pulir) y round (redondear) a menudo se usan metaforicamente con offpara sugerir 'completar las etapas finales de algo'. Estos ejemplos son tipicos:

I just want to polish off Ms work.Solo quiero terminar este trabajo.We had some peaches and cream to round off the meal.Tomamos unos melocotones con natapara terminar la comida.

Para crear algo rapidamente (por ejemplo, escribir una carta, o cocinar algo) es: dash off UNIT 11a letter, o dash off a meal.

SeparationLos verbos como like y shut (ambos con el significado de 'cerrar') se usan con off paradar la idea de 'separation' (a veces para prevenir el acceso):

They closed off the road because of a gas leak.Cerraron la carretera a causa de un escape de gas.

SucediendoAlgunos verbos (come, go, bring, pass, carry) se usan con off con el significado de 'suce-der' (o 'hacer que algo suceda') con exito:

His attempt to break the record didn't come off.Su intento de batir el record no tuvo exito.The Italian jockey brought off the incredible feat of winning all seven races in oneafternoon.El jockey italiano llevo a cabo la increible hazana de ganar siete carreras en una tarde.

Otros verbos que se usan con este sentido indican la manera en la cual el area esta separa-da. Verbos tipicos se derivan de sustantivos tales como: partition (partition), cordon (cor-don), rope (cuerda) y fence (valla). Los verbos cut (cortar) y block (bloquear) tambien seusan de forma habitual:

They partitioned off the old ballroom to make three classrooms.Dividieron el viejo salon de baile para hacer tres aulas.The village is often cut off by snow in winter.El pueblo esta a menudo aislado por la nieve en invierno.

EXERCISESEXERCISE1 (Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa

losejercicios2,3y4)

Busque los verbos ingleses frasales que corresponden a estos verbos L1:

UNlT11 1- Conseguir hacer algo satisfactoriamente 5. Terminar un trabajo2. Terminar con satisfaction 6. Dividir unahabitation grande3. Escribir una carta deprisa y corriendo 7. Estar aislado4. Salir/resultar perfectamente

EXERCISE 2


bring off come off dash off finish offgo off polish off round off

1. John the last few chips in one mouthful.2. In spite of his fears, the wedding without any problems.3. Before leaving the house, he a letter to his bank and ran to the post office.4. And finally, an apple tart to the meal.5. Give me fifteen minutes. I just want to my homework.6. It was a difficult movement but the gymnast it to perfection.7. She hoped to persuade her father to pay for the tickets, but her plan didn't


block off cordon off cutoff fence off partition off

1. The police have the pavement in front of the building because of the danger.2. She decided to part of the field in order to make a garden.3. They parked their car sideways across the road to his escape route.4. He part of his enormous garage and put in a snooker table.5. On that remote island, Robinson was from all contact with the world.

UNIT11

EXERCISE 4Una las dos mitades de las frases.1. If you dash off a letter or a note to

someone,2. If a place is cut off,3. You rope off an area so that4. If something doesn't come off,5. When you finish something off,

A people don't go into it.B you do what is necessary

to complete it.c it is isolated.D you write it very quickly.E it means it fails.

UNIT12 VERBS WITH IN (1)• Entrada • En casa

Entrada• Muchos verbos con in llevan el significado de 'entrar'. Go in y come in ambos significan

'entrar', dependiendo de que lado de la puerta esta uno cuando habla. La particula in sig-nifica 'entrar' y el verbo indica la manera de entrar. A pie: you walk in. De prisa: you rushin. En un coche: you drive in... y asi sucesivamente.Bring in y take in significan 'entrar con alguien o algo':

Take your boots off. Don't bring in all that mud.Quftate las botas. No metas a casa todo ese barro.The secretary took in some coffee for the managers.La secretaria llevo adentro cafe para los directores.

UNIT12 Get somebody in es 'entrar a alguien':

The exhibition was 'by invitation only', but Charles got me in.La exposition era solo 'con invitation', pew Charles consiguio que yo entrara.

• Check in y sign in ambos tienen el sentidode 'facturar': Check in your bags at the airport.

Facture su equipaje en el aeropuerto.Sign in a visitor.Hacer firmar en el libro de invitados.

• Write in your name significa 'escriba su Key inyour password.nombre en un impreso' Teclear la palabra clave.

En casa• Con ciertos verbos in tiene

el significado de 'en casa' Only rich people have servants who live in.o 'en la casa': Solo los ricos tienen criados que viven en la casa.

Wait in for a phone call.Espera en casa la llamada telefonica.

• Drop in significa 'visitar a alguien de forma informal'.Pop in es el equivalente a 'entrar un momento' (visita rapida).Move in significa 'ir a vivir con alguien'.


log ejercicios 2, 3 y 4)

Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a estos verbos LI:

1. Facturar el equipaje 4. Enchufar la radio2. Conseguir que alguien entre 5. Irse a vivir con alguien3. Teclear im numero 6. Esperar a alquien

"EXERCISE 2Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla.

bring in check in come in drive in get in go inkey in plug in rush in sign in take in walk in

1. There was a knock at the door.' , Angus. It's not locked,' said Jules.2. 'But don't that dog I don't want hairs all over the carpet.' UNIT 123. 'Sit here,' Angus said to the dog. 'Jules won't let me you '4. The dog made a noise that sounded like 'Why?' Angus alone.5. Go over to the British Airways desk and your bags. '6. Members may invite two guests but they must them first in the

Visitors' Book.7. First insert your bank card, then your personal identification number (PIN).8. It's a 'drive-in' cinema, so let's9. The tickets for the concert are very expensive, but my cousin can us free.

10. 'Fools where angels fear to tread.'11. They were sitting in the restaurant when two men with guns.12. That radio hasn't got a battery. You'll have to it


drop. in live in move in (x2) pop in stay in wait in

1. I've got a lot of work to do, so I'm going to tonight.2. I can't meet you tomorrow morning. I've got to for an electrician.3. They had only been married three weeks when her mother decided to4. You can with us until your flat is ready.5. My next-door neighbour sometimes for a cup of coffee.6. They have a housekeeper who7. You must some time. We'd love to see you.

UNIT12

EXERCISE 4Una las dos mitades de las frases.1. If you pop in to the bank,2. If you move in with someone,3. If you have urgent news to give

someone,4. If you drop in on a friend,5. Before boarding a plane,

A you start living in their house.B you arrive unexpectedly,c you usually have to check in.D you go in to do some quick business.E you might rush in to tell it to them.

UNIT13 VERBS WITH IN (2)Penetrando/Absorbiendo • Inclusion • Participation

Penetrando/AbsorbiendoAlgunos verbos con in llevan consigo la idea de 'penetration', que es una extension delsignificado de 'entrar'. Por ejemplo, habia una cancion de los Beatles que empezaba:

'I'm fixing a hole where the rain gets in.''Estoy tapando un agujero donde entra la lluvia.'

Otros verbos sugierenalgo parecido a 'absor-ber'. Por ejemplo, take On arriving, she took in the situation at a glance.in puede significar 're- Al llegar, ella se hizo cargo de la situation de un vistazo.gistrar mentalmente':El verbo sink (hundir) con in significa que algo esta siendo entendido lentamente.(Imaginese el azucar en la espuma de un cappuccino; hay un lapso de tiempo antes de serabsorbido):

It finally sank in that she had gone for ever. UN IT 13Finalmente se hizo a la idea de que ella se habia ido para siempre.

Breathe in (inspirar) es lo contrario de breathe out (expirar).

Inclusion• In se usa con un numero de verbos para dar idea de 'incluir' o 'incorporar':

You have to add in the time it takes to get to the airport.Times que anadir el tiempo que se tarda en llegar al aeropuerto.And of course, we have built in all the latest safety devices.Ypor supuesto, hemos incorporado todos los mas modernos aparatos de seguridad.

• Throw in significa incluir algo extra en una transaction comercial.Encontrar tiempo para algo en un calendario muy apretado es fit something in.

Participation• Ciertos verbos con in

tienen el significado Music? Theatre? I don't go in for that sort of thing.de 'participation' o Musica? Teatro? No me atrae ese tipo decosas.' involucrar': She sang the first verse, then everyone joined in.

• Rope someone in = Ella canto el primer verso, despues, todo el mundo se unio.Hacer que alguien se If you're going to play cards count me in.involucre un poco Si vais ajugar a las cartas contad conmigo.contra su voluntad(piensa en un lazo).

EXERCISES(Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completalos ejercidos 2, 3 y 4)

Busque los verbos frasales que corresponden a estos verbos L1:1. Comprender, registrar (en mente) 4. Anadir, incorporar 7. Arrastrar adentro2. Inspirar 5. Unirse a, juntarse con 8. Iraporalgo3. Revolver anadiendo algo 6. Establecerse en


add in breathe in build in come in drink in fit incount in sink in stir in take in throw in

1. I opened the window and the fresh, morning air.2. I looked at my feet in the bottom of the boat. Water was fast.3. He said nothing but his eyes everything.4. The importance of this piece of news didn't at first.5. She stood in the middle of the forest and the magical atmosphere.

UNIT13 6. If you the cost of the petrol, it's not cheaper to go by car.7. If you're going to see the new film at the Ritzy, you can me8. Melt the butter and the flour carefully.9. If you buy this car, I'll a radio and CD player for the same price.

10. The architect has a giant TV screen on the sitting-room wall.11. Our delivery man is in your area today. I'm sure he can you

EXERCISESComplete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla.

cash in come in draw in fall in join in rope in settle in suck in

1. The woman in red started to shout at the politician, then everybody2. At university he with a group of poets.3. They tried to me for a game of football, but I told them I wasn't fit.4. I'm sure Jane will very quickly at her new school.5. John and Martha were arguing like cats. When they tried to me , I went home.6. We've got a syndicate for the National Lottery. Do you want to on it?7. Mercedes were hoping to on the new market for small cars.8. A lot of people were taking drugs. I didn't want to get

EXERCISE 4Una las dos mitades de las frases.1. When the significance of something sinks in, A you begin to feel at home.2. If you cash in on something, B you get involved slightly against your will.3. When you settle in somewhere, c you take advantage of it for profit.4. If you don't take in what you are reading, D you finally understand it.5. If you get roped in for something, E you don't register it mentally.

E X E R C I S E 1

UNIT14 VERBS WITH IN (3)Empezar • Llenar/Completar • Colapsar

EmpezarUn numero de verbos con in llevan el significado de 'introducir' o 'empezar':

The fashion for jeans came in after the war.La moda de los vaqueros vino despues de la guerra.The new manager brought in a more attacking style of play.El nuevo entrenador trajo consigo un estilo dejugar mas ofensivo.

Introducir algo por etapas es phase something in. El verbo set in solo se usa para el prin-cipio de un largo periodo desagradable; por ejemplo, una enfermedad, tiempo frio, depre-sion. Tuck in es lanzarse a por la comida con energia.

Llenar/CompletarAlgunos verbos con in tienen elsentido de 'llenar'. Ejemplos: Fill in a form.

Colour in a drawing.Brick in a doorway.

Rellenar un impreso.Colorear un dibujo.Tapiar una entrada.

Metaforicamente, se usa la frase fill someone in de esta manera:

I'm not up to date with the sales figures. Can you fill me in?No estoy al dia con las cifras de las ventas. Me puedes informar?

ColapsarUna importante categoriade verbos con in tiene elsignificado de 'colapsar'o 'rendirse':

The floor gave in under the weight of the machine.El suelo cedio bajo el peso de la mdquina.The walls of the tunnel suddenly carved in.Lasparedes del tunel de repente cedieron.

UNIT14

• Notese este uso metaforico: OK. Tell me the answer -1 give in.De acuerdo. Dime la respuesta - Me rindo.



Busque los verbos ingleses frasales que corresponden a estos verbos LI:

1. Antes de que comience el tiempo frio 4. Traer/instalar un nuevo sistema2. Introducir algo escalonadamente 5. Rellenar un impreso3. Colorear un cuadro 6. Ceder ante alguien

EXERCISE 2


brick in bring in colour in come in fill in (x2)phase in plaster in set in tuck in

UN IT14 1. Short skirts first in the 1920s, then again in the sixties.2. The company will a new accounting system starting on 1st January.3. The government planned to the use of nuclear power over a period of

twenty years.4. He used to to a hearty breakfast every morning at 5 o'clock.5. My grandfather used to play a game of golf every morning until his illness6. Would you be so kind as to this form?7. They gave the children some drawings of clowns to8. I'm going to talk to the directors about Far Eastern sales. Can you me

on Korea?9. They the side windows in the 19th century to avoid paying window tax.

10. He the gap between the door frame and the wall.


cave in fall in give in (x2) kick in

1. If you don't open this door, we're going to it2. Two men were trapped when the tunnel3. There was a cracking noise, then suddenly the roof4. Everybody laughed and stamped their feet. I was afraid the floor might.5. His wife was the dominant partner. He often found it easier to to her.

EXERCISE 4Una las dos mitades de las frases.1. If you fill a person in (on something), A2. If you phase in a new system, B3. When you plaster in a gap, c4. When something gives in, D5. When winter sets in, E

you fill it with plaster.it collapses under pressure.you give them the latest relevant details.you call this the 'onset' of winter.you introduce it by stages.

UNlT14

UNIT15 VERBS WITH ON (1)Incluyendo/Cubriendo/Anadiendo • Comienzo

Incluyendo/Cubriendo/Anadiendo• Un cierto numero de verbos con on tiene que ver con vestirse:

Put on a jacket. Ponte una chaqueta.Keep your hat on. Ten puesto el sombrero/No te quites el sombrero.

• Muy en relation a esta notion es la idea de 'juntando/sujetando':

Screw a handle on = Sujetar un mango con un tornillo (a screw).Glue the nose on = Pega laparte delantera con cola (glue).All the contestants must pin their numbers on.Todos los concursantes deben sujetar los numeros con un imperdible.

UNIT15• On tambien se usa con otros verbos con la idea de 'adicion':

The bill was expensive after they added on my phone calls.La factura subio mucho despues de que anadieran mis llamadas telefonicas.Don't take on too much work. You won't have time to do it properly.No cojas demasiado trabajo. No tendrds tiempo de hacerlo bien.

Comienzo• Muchos verbos con on dan la

idea de comenzar (a veces de Put on the lights.'causar que algo comience'): Enciende las luces.

The fashion for paper dresses didn't catch on.La moda de los vestidos depapel no cuajo.What brought on all that sneezing?iQue ha ocasionado todos esos estornudos?I've got flue coming on.Estoy cogiendo la gripe.

• A continuation van dos expre-sionesconon: — What's going on? Que estd sucediendo?

I get on well with my mother-in-law.Me llevo bien con mi suegra.

EXERCISES(Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completalos ejercidos 2, 3 y 4)

Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a estos verbos LI:

1. Ponerse un vestido 4. Poner/enchufar la radio2. No quitarse los zapatos 5. Trajo/ocasiono un catarro3. Coger demasiado trabajo 6. Probarse una chaqueta

EXERCISE 2


addon keep on put on take on (x2) try on

1. Martha a red shirt with a blue and green skirt. She looked terrible.2. This is a very nice suit, sir. Would you like to the jacket? UN 11 .**£

restaurant.5. Looking after somebody else's children is a big responsibility to6. It's difficult to say no. But I don't want to more work than I can do.


bring on catch on come on (x2) put on turn on

1. Atchoo! Atchoo! I think I've got a cold2. It's getting dark. Shall I the light ?3. The central heating will by itself at six o'clock.4. Every time I the radio, I hear that song.5. It was sitting by the open window that my cold.6. It's a clever invention but I don't think it will

3. It's cold in this classroom. I suggest you your coats4. The food is quite cheap but, when you the wine and the tip, it's an expensive

EXERCISE1

UNIT15

EXERCISE4Una los verbos frasales 1-6 con las oraciones A-F.

Take onSwitch onTry onAdd onStick onGet on

A the service charge.B a stamp.c a lot of work.D clothes.E the light.F with my mother-in-law.

UNIT 16 VERBS WITH ON (2)A

Continuation • Animo • Actuacion/Desempeno

ContinuacionOn se usa con muchos ver-bos que dan idea de que 'Play on' said the referee.algo continua. Algunas 'Seguidjugando' dijo el drbitro.veces el verbo que se usa The memory of that day lived on for many years.indica que es lo que conti- El recuerdo de ese diaperduro muchos anos.nuayavecesesmetaforico:

Algunos verbos son menos evidentes. Go on y carry on significan ambos 'continuar':

He just went on reading the book as if nothing had happened.Siguid leyendo como si nada hubiera sucedido.

UNIT 16• Keep on trying significa 'no dejes de intentar'. Hold on y hang on ambos significan'esperauntiempocorto':

• Stay on at school or university significa 'continua tus estudios mas alia de un minimo'.Get on with something significa 'continua despues de parar' o 'comienza despues de ter-giversar'. Get on a veces tiene el sentido de progresar:

'Get on with it! We haven't got all day!'' Sigue con eso! No tenemos todo el dm!'How are you getting on? Are you nearly ready?tComo vas? ^Estds ya listo?

Nota: On no se usa generalmente (con el sentido de 'continuar') con un verbo transitivo(ej.: con un objeto). Se puede decir They played on (intransitivo). Pero no se puede decirThey played on the game (transitivo). El significado 'ellos continuaron jugando el partido'se expresa con they carried on o They went on playing the game.

AnimoOn se usa conunos pocos ver- The spectators urged the runner on with cheers and shouts.bos para indicar Los espectadores animaron al corredor con gritos de animo.animo: Come on Liverpool!

Venga/dnimo Liverpool!

Actuacion/DesempenoOn se usa con unos pocos verbos con el sentido de 'en escena' o 'en el terreno de juego'.Porejemplo:

Put on a play.Poner en escena una obra teatral.Bring on a substitute.

I Poner un sustituto.

EXERCISES(Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completalos ejerddos 2, 3 y 4)

Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a estos verbos:

UNIT16 1. jEspere un momento, por favor! 5. Seguirhaciendo algo2. jSiga intentandolo! 6. Poner en escena una obra teatral3. jSiguecontutrabajo! 7. Queechan?4. Venga!

EXERCISE 2


carry on get on go on (x2) hang on hold onkeep on live on play on stay on

1. He said good morning and reading the newspaper.2. Stop talking, please, Terry, and with your work.3. I'll ringing the bell until he opens the door.4. Most people at school after the age of sixteen.5. I'll just see if she is in her office. Will you , please?6. 'Sudden death' means the two teams have to until someone scores a goal.7. The minister : 'And there will be no immediate rise in taxation...'8. The film too long, in my opinion.9. The person who can help you will be here soon. Can you for another five

minutes?10. Duke Ellington is dead, but his music will for ever.


be on bring on cheer ongo on (x2) put on come on (x2)

1. At rugby and football matches the spectators shout:' , England!'2. Spectators stood on both sides of the road to the marathon runners.3. The Opera House recently Puccini's 'La Boheme'.4. In the last five minutes of the match, the trainer decided to a substitute.5. What at the Apollo Theatre at the moment?6. The 'curtain call' is when the actors at the end of a play and the audience applauds.7. I don't know what behind closed doors, but they look very happy to me.8. There are hundreds of people standing outside the supermarket. What's ?

EXERCISE4Una las dos mitades de las frases.1. She stayed on A trying. UNIT162. The music lives on B at university.3. The National Theatre puts on c my homework.4. I must get on with D in my memory.5. Keep on E six plays a year.

UNITl7 VERBS WITH DOWN (1)• Movimiento hacia abajo/Comiendo y bebiendo• Disminucion/Reduccion

Movimiento hacia abajo/Comiendo y bebiendo• El significado basico de down es 'movimiento hacia abajo'. A menudo es lo contrario de

up, como en estos ejemplos:

Sit down (sientate) stand up (levdntate)Put down (dejar en el suelo) pick up (recoger del suelo)Go down (bajar) come up (subir)

• Un uso especial de down con ciertos verbos se relaciona con comer y beber. 'Tragar algorapidamente' es gulp it down, 'comer algo vorazmente' es wolf it down:

UN IT17 He was so hungry' he wol f ed down tow large pizzas.Tenia tanta hambre que devoro dos grandes pizzas.

• Si tiene problemas en retenerlo en el estomago, you can't keep it down.

Disminucion/Reduccion• Down se usa con muchos ver-

bos para dar una idea de 'dis- Turn down the volume.minucion' o 'reduction'. Por Baja el volumen.ejemplo, settle down y calm I want to cut down on cigarettes,down ambos significan 'cal- Quiero reducir el consumo de cigarrillos.marse'. Si quiere vender algo All problems come down to love or money.rapidamente, you bring the Todos los problemas se reducen a amor o dinero.price down justed baja los She stopped speaking till the noise died down.precios). A continuation van Dejo de hablar hasta que el ruido desaparecio.mas ejemplos:

EXERCISES1(Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completalos ejercicios 2,3 y 4)

Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a estos verbos LI:1. Dejar algo en el suelo 4. Bajar los precios 7. Bajar el volumen2. El sol se pone 5. Los precios descendieron 8. Calmarse3. Echarse/tumbarse 6. Dejar de tomar azucar 9. Las carcajadas se extinguieron

EXERCISE 1


come down fall down go down gulp down jump downkeep down lie down put down wolf down

1. I'm terribly tired. I'm going to on the sofa for half an hour.2. Mr Brown's office is on the sixth floor. I'll phone and ask him to to Reception.3. That bag is too heavy for you it I'll carry it.4. At this time of year, the sun at about 6 o'clock.5. The children stood on the wall and , one after another.6. That tree is completely dead. It's probably going to soon.7. Mary her coffee and ran out of the house with a croissant in her hand.8. For the first two months of her pregnancy she found it difficult to any food

So she didn't have breakfast.9. Until I was about thirty-five I could masses of fat and sugar, stay in bed all day

and still stay thin.

~~ EXERCISE 3

Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. UNlT17

bringdown calm down (x2) come down (x3) cut down (x2)die down settle down turn down

1. The temperature will sharply tonight.2. That music is rather loud. Could you it , please?3. There were hundreds of customers in the shop earlier this morning, but things

have now.4. The children were very excited, so I read them a story to them5. Prices usually after Christmas.6. The actor waited for the laughter to before he continued.7. If sterling is weak, it the price of British products abroad.8. The popularity of German cars to two things: good design and good quality.9. I'm trying to on the number of cigarettes I smoke.

10. The doctor advised him to on fat and sugar.11. The students chatted for a few minutes in the library, then they to work.

EXERCISE4Una los verbos frasales 1-5 con las oraciones A-E.1. Jump down A a noisy class of children.2. Comedown B on cream and sugar.3. Cut down c off a chair.4. Bring down D from the top floor.5. Calm down E the price.

UN IT 18 VERBS WITH DOWN (2)Derrota/Colapso/Destruccion • Dejar de fimcionar/Fracaso o fallo • Grabacion/Atribucion a

Derrota/Colapso/Destruccion• Un numero de verbos combina con down para dar idea de 'destruction' o en un sentido

metaforico de 'derrota':

We must stop cutting down the rainforests.Debemos dejar de talar los bosques.Accusations of fraud brought down the government.Las acusaciones defraude han derribado al gobiemo.

• Crack down on something y come down heavily on something ambos significan 'casti-UNIT18 gar severamente/ tomar medidas energicas contra'.

Hay una idea de 'retroceder' en verbos tales como back down y climb down:

His opponents were strong but the chairman refused to climb down.Sus oponentes eran fuertes pero elpresidente se nego a ceder.

Los verbos keep down y stand down ambos significan 'retirarse' o 'ceder la position aalguien':

The Prime Minister stepped down from office after just ten months.El primer ministro dejo el cargo justo despues de diez meses.

Dejar de funcionar/Fracaso o fallo• Down combina con un cierto numero de verbos para dar una idea de 'cesar de fimcionar'

y a veces 'fallo' en un sentido mas general:

The computer is down.El ordenador estd estropeado.My washing machine has broken down.Mi lavadora se ha estropeado.

Grabacion/Atribucion aWrite down y take down ambos se pueden usar con el sentido de 'grabando' algo:

Quick, write down his registration number!jDeprisa, anota la matricula!

Notese que la segunda parte de la expresion go down (in history) se puede omitir:

This match will go down as the most important of the season.Estepartido sera considerado como el mas importante de la temporada.

Proverbio: what do you put it down to? Significa ' ,a que lo achacas?'

EXERCISES 1 (Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completalos ejercidos 2, 3 y 4)

Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a estos verbos L1:

1. Averiarse 5. Cerrar defmitivamente2. Echarseatras 6. Bajaralgo3. Cortar un arbol 7. Rechazar una solicitud4. Derribar un edificio 8. Bajar un peldafio, retirarse, ceder el puesto


backdown break down crack down turn downknock down cut down shoot down step down

1. They some beautiful villas to build office blocks in their place.2. For every tree we , we should plant another.3. 'If the door is locked, we'll it ,' said the policeman.4. Saddam threatened to the US planes.5. The police should on the drug dealers, not just the users.6. I would be the first person to an unrealistic idea.7. Seven years as prime minister is enough for me. I will next month.8. Her critics were strong and numerous but she refused to

UNlT18

UNlT18


be down breakdown closedown go down let .down* put down (x2) take down turn down (x2) writedown

1. I was driving along the motorway when, suddenly, the car2. After twenty-five years, the shop finally in April.3. I can't give you a copy of the report just now. My computer4. I wanted a job as a fireman, but they my application.5. When he came out of prison, he applied for a job as a teacher, but they

him6. We're counting on you to buy the tickets, so please don't us7. We all every word the professor said.8. He'll in history as the meanest employer who ever lived.9. Some people his success to intelligence and hard work, but I

it to luck.10. If you have a problem with a taxi, you can the driver's number.

EXERCISE4Una los verbos frasales 1-5 con las oraciones A-E.

Go downTurn downStep downPull downTake down

A as president.B a building.c in history.D someone's address.E an application for a job.

UNIT19 VERBS WITH ABOUTAROUND • ROUND

• Sin rumbo • Por todos los sitios• Girar/Darse la vuelta • Visitar

Sin rumbo• Las particulas about y around se usan (lo mismo una que otra) con ciertos verbos para

anadir la idea de 'sin rumbo fijo' (haciendo algo que no tiene la seguridad de tener exito obeneficio). Verbos muy comunes son: sit around, stand around, lie around, hangaround, mess around (encordiando) y fiddle around (perder el tiempo). Stick aroundsignifica'noirselejos':

They stand around all day outside the underground station.Sepasan el diafuera de la estacion del metro.We haven't got time to mess about.No tenemos tiempo que perder/ No podemos perder el tiempo de esa manera. UNIT19

• About se usa con come con un sentido de 'suceder' y con bring con un sentido de sensa- 'cion de 'hacer que algo suceda':

They've split up! How did that come about?jSe han separado! Comopuede haber sucedido?I don't know what brought about her sudden change in attitude towards me.No se lo que haproducido su repentino cambio de actitud hacia mi.

todos los sitiosAround (o about) seusa con ciertos ver- Wherever he went, the little dog followed him around.bos para anadir la A dondequiera que iba, le seguia el perrito.ideade'portodo':

A menudo da una idea de'esparcir': Don't leave your books around. Put them away.

No dejes tus libros por ahi. Recogelos.

Shop around significa 'vete a muchas tiendas diferentes a fin de encontrar algo'. Handsomething around (o pass something around) significa 'pasa algo a alguien en la habi-tation'. Tambien se puede decir hand round y pass round.

Por

Girar/Darse la vueltaRound o around se puede usar (indistintamente) con algunos verbos con el significado de'girar'. For ejemplo, turn round (darse la vuelta), look round (echar un vistazo), spinround (hacer girar). Win someone round significa 'hacerles ver tu punto de vista'.

Visitar• Come round, go round y call round significan todos ellos 'visitar la casa de un vecino'.

EXERCISESv (Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa

los ejercidos 2, 3 y 4)

Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a estos verbos L1:

1. Merodear, estar por ahi (sin hacer nada) 5. No mires a tu alrededor2. Me sigue por todos los sitios 6. Ven despues de cenar

UN IT19 3. Hacer compras 7. Las noticias se divulgaron* 4. Ensenar fotos


follow around get around (x2) leave around shop aroundmess around pass round run aroundsit around stand around (x2) stick around

1. On Sundays I always used to doing nothing. Nowadays, I spend mostSundays working.

2. There were one or two me in the bus station who obviously weren't waitingfor a bus.

3. At a cocktail party you have to and make polite conversation.4. If you outside the theatre long enough, somebody may buy your extra ticket.5. Stop ! There's work to be done.6. Before my sister's wedding, my mother spent the whole morning like

a headless chicken.7. Photographers her wherever she goes.8. - New York on Monday, Paris on Wednesday. Tomorrow I'm going to Rome.

- You certainly '9. My little sister always her books and clothes lying She's very untidy.

10. To get the cheapest price, you have to11. Susanna her photos for everyone to see.12. The news that she had left her husband.


bring round call round come round go roundlook round spin round turn round (x2) win round

1. If you , I'll brush the back of your jacket for you.2. Don't just now. I don't want her to know we're talking about her.3. They used to locomotives on an enormous disc called a turntable.4. How do ballet dancers so fast without getting dizzy?5. The audience hated him at first but in the end he them6. We're to see Jim. Why don't you come with us?7. If you after supper, we can do the homework together.8. I like it when people unexpectedly, so I always keep something extra in the fridge.9. He has fallen in love with your sister and wants you to her to his house

one day.

EXERCISE4Una los verbos frasales 1-5 con las oraciones A-E. UNIT19

1. Shop around A to my house.2. Come round B doing nothing.3. Lie around c for a good price.4. Pass round D on your heels.5. Spin round E the photocopies.

UNIT20 VERBS wITH AWAy (1)Movimiento alejandose/Retirandose • Quitar/Disponer

Movimiento alejandose/Retirandose• El sentido basico de away es 'movimiento alejandose'. Away combina con verbos de

manera o movimiento (walk, run, fly, drive, etc.) para indicar como se aleja alguien:

On the green light, the Ferrari accelerated away.Con la luz verde, el Ferrari acelero.

• 'Keep your distance' es keep away o stay away. 'Escapar' es escape o get away.Nota: Away combina con los verbos transitivos para indicar como se le obliga a algo o aalguien a que se aleje. Una vieja rima infantil cuenta la historia que una cierta Srta. Muffethuyo espantada cuando hacia picnic, a causa de una arana:

• ' Alejar a alguien' es turn someone away. Along came a spiderUNIT20 And sat down beside herAnd frightened Miss Muffet away:Quitar/Disponer

• Away combina con muchos verbos para dar la idea de 'quitar' o 'disponer'. Muchas deestas combinaciones de verbos son sencillamente metaforicas extensiones de la idea:throw a pair of shoes (tirar un par de zapatos) es verdaderamente tirarlos (lanzarlos), perothrow the shoes away (tirar los zapatos) puede significar sencillamente tirarlos a la basu-ra. Give something away significa 'dar algo sin obtener nada a cambio'. Give a secretaway significa divulgar algo (quiza por equivocation). He aqui otros ejemplos:

• La expresion corriente Getaway with something, signi- Take that cigarette a j. It's making me sneeze..Quita ese cigarnllo. Me esta haciendo estornudar.fica tener exito en hacer algo His confldence drained away.pehgroso sm dano o castigo'. Su confianzafue desapareciendo.

The crowd soon got bored and drifted away.La muchedumbre pronto se aburrio y se alejo.


los ejerdcios 2, 3 y 4)

Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a los verbos L1:1. Escaparse 4. Tirar algo2. Despedir a alguien/Mandar a alguien con cajas destempladas 5. Remolcar un coche3. Mantenerse alejado (no acercarse) 6. Escapar


back away fly away get away go away keep awayrun away (x2) scare away stay away turn away (x2)

1. The doormen will anybody who doesn't have a ticket for the concert.2. I know it's closing time but I don't want to customers3. When I opened the window the bird on the tree4. The boy stole the lady's handbag and as fast as he could.5. An alarming number of children from home before the age of eleven.6. As I approached the dog it began to , watching me suspiciously as it went.7. Farmers put scarecrows in the middle of their fields to the birds8. 'I never want to see you again , and !' she said.9. I've got a terrible cold. You'd better from me.

10. What! You've lost two prisoners? How did they ?

EXERCISE 3UNIT20

drag away ebb away gamble away give awaytake away throw away (x2) tow away wash away

1. If you leave your car there, the police will come and it2. When I cleared the table last night I one of the spoons by mistake.3. We live in a society where people too many things4. Just leave the bottles outside your door and somebody will them in

the morning.5. He all his money on horse races.6. Confidence in the government began to _7. The police the protesters8. A lot of magazines free samples of perfume and shampoo.9. Heavy rain the new paint on the wall.

EXERCISE 4Una las dos mitades de las frases.1. If you turn someone away, A you don't go near it.2. If you talk the night away, B you receive nothing in return.3. If you keep away from something, c you don't let them come in.4. If you give something away, D there are no unpleasant consequences.5. If you get away with something, E you talk till morning.

Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de al casilla.

UNIT21 VERBS WITH AWAY 2)Guardando/Escondiendo • Ausencia/ViajeContinuo, actividad intensa

Guardando/Escondiendo• Away combina con un cierto numero de verbos para dar la idea de 'guardar', o a veces,

'esconder'. En cierto sentido se hacen cosas para que desaparezcan de la vista. Put some-thing away significa 'poner algo en su sitio'. Clear something away o tidy somethingaway significa 'quitar algo de manera que la habitation quede libre (clear) u ordenada(tidy)':

Put away your things when you have finished.Recoge tus cosas cuando hayas terminado.The criminal was locked away for five years.El criminal fue encerrado por cinco ahos.UNIT21

Ausencia/Viaje• Be away significa 'estar ausente'

(o bien de viaje o enfermo). Go We were very busy last summer,away a menudo significa 'irse de but we got away for a week in September.vacaciones', y get away puede Estuvimos muy ocupados el verano pasado,significar 'encontrar el tiempo de ; pero nosfuimos una semana en septiembre.irse de vacaciones':

1 Continuo, actividad intensaUn uso interesante y relativamente comun de away con un cierto numero de verbos da laidea de una actividad intensa. Por ejemplo:

When I saw him, he was polishing away at the bonnet of his car.Cuando le vi estaba sacando brillo al capo de su coche.

Este uso de away se hace generalmente con tiempos continuos o con una palabra comokeep, la cual sugiere inquietud. Los verbos que combinan con away suelen tener algo quever con el trabajo:

She called him but he just kept scribbling away.Ella le llamo, pero el siguio garabateando.

Notese que la preposition at se usa para el enfoque de la actividad:

The cat was scratching away at the door post.El gato estaba aranando elposte de lapuerta.

Y notese esta expresion con get: get carried away (se dejo llevar).

PK:EXERCISES

EXERCISE 1 (Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completalos ejercicios 2,3 y 4)

Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a estos verbos LI:1. Guardar/apartar algun dinero 4. No te dejes llevar2. Guardar la vajilla 5. Le gusta encerrarse3. El esta fuera en este momento

"EXERCISE 2Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla.

be away (x2)lock away

clear awayput away (x2)

get awayshut away

go awaytodu away

UNIT21

1. If you do the washing-up, I'll dry the things and them2. Before leaving her desk, Jane liked to everything into the drawers.3. The writer himself in his study for eight hours every day until the book

was finished.4. His grandmother said he should some money for his old age.5. It doesn't help children if their parents them from the realities

of the world.6. Are you this Christmas?1. We didn't last summer. We spent the holiday painting our flat.8. 'I'm afraid Mr Jones at the moment. He'll be in the office on Friday.'9. 'You're going to China tomorrow! How wonderful! How long will you ?'

10. During the speech, waiters came and the dirty plates and dishes.


flash away get carried away polish away talk away workaway

1. A police car passed us with its blue light2. The woman from the flat next door was standing on a chair at her windows.3. John was at his Maths homework.4. The students were in the classroom.5. - We've won! We've won the lottery!

-Don't It's only £20.

™ EXERCISE 4Una los verbos frasales 1-5 con las oraciones A-E.1. Put away A at a keyboard.2. Tap away B some money (for a rainy day).3. Workaway c for a holiday.

UNIT21 4- Getaway D your valuables.5. Lock away E at a problem.

UNIT22 VERBS WITH OVER (1)• Cayendo • Cambio/Transferencia

Cayendo• Over combina con un cierto

numero de verbos para dar knock something over es 'derribar algo'idea en el sentido literal de fall over es 'caerse'caer o ser arrojado a tierra: run over es 'atropellar'

be run over (o get run over) es 'ser atropellado'

• Otras combinaciones corrientes son: push something over (empujar algo para que secaiga); blow something over (soplar algo para que se caiga), y topple over (hacer caeralgo pesado). Turn over y tip over significan 'volcar':

The demostrators turned over the cars in the street.Los manifestantes volcaron los caches en la calle.Don't stand in the boat or you'll tip it over. No te pongas de pie en el bote o lo volcards.

Cambio/Transferencia• Over se combina con

ciertos verbos para dar Mohammed Al Said took over Harrods in 1985.idea de cambio o transfe- Mohammed Al Said se hizo cargo de Harrods en 1985.rencia (a menudo 'cam- Keep quiet and hand over your money!bio de propietario'). Por Estense qmetos y entreguen el dinero!ejemplo: Jaguar wants to win customers over from Mercedes.

Jaguar quiere ganarse los clientes de Mercedes.The plan was to change over to the Euro in 1999.El plan era cambiar al euro en 1999.Move over. You're taking up too much space.Muevete. Estds ocupando demasiado sitio.


EXERICE 1 los ejerddos 2, 3 y 4)

Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a estos verbos L1:1. Tirar/derribar un vaso 4. Hacerse cargo como director2. Ser atropellado 5. Ganarse a alguien (su confianza)3. Entregar tu dinero (a la fuerza)

UNIT22


blowover(x2) fall over (x2) knock over (x2) run over (x3)

1. As she walked past our table, she a vase with her handbag.2. The poor man was by a bus on his thirty-first birthday.3. Every time the little boy , he just laughed and got up again.4. The big willow tree in the middle of the field was in the storm.5. The waiter a glass, spilling wine all over the woman's silk dress.6. My mother used to say: 'Always wear clean underwear in case you are by

a bus.'7. There is a noticeboard outside the restaurant, but the wind it about

ten times a day.8. The clown couldn't take three steps without9. The parachutist landed in the middle of the airport runway and was immediately .....

by a jumbo-jet.


change over hand over (x3) take over (x3) win over (x3) :

1. A financier from London their family business two years ago.2. Hoddle from Venables as manager of the England football team in 1997.3. I've got a gun in my pocket _ all your money!4. On his seventieth birthday, the chairman of the company the job to

his son.5. At election time, politicians need to as many new supporters as they can.6. Our company is losing money. We need to new customers.7. I don't like the idea of my children to a nanny while I go out to work.8. In 1967, Sweden from driving on the left to driving on the right.9. At first, the audience booed and shouted at the actor, but in the end he

them10. Many British people were surprised when VW Rolls Royce.

EXERCISE 4Una las dos mitades de las frases.1. A new management team A turned over.2. The old oak tree was B took over the company.3. On the day he retired, the poor man was c fell over.4. I was taking out a jacket when the wardrobe D run over by a bus.5. In the accident, the car E blown over.

UNIT23 VERBS WITH OVER• Consideration cuidadosa • Cubriendo/Escondiendo• Terminado • A la casa de alguien

Consideration cuidadosa• Verbos como think y talk combinan con over para dar un sentido de consideration cui-

dadosa o a conciencia. Por ejemplo, el novelista Julian Barnes escribio un libro titulado'Talking it over' (hablando sobre ello) en el que los protagonistas se turnan contando lahistoria; cada uno mantiene, por decirlo asi, una conversation con el lector.

• Think something over significa 'considerar algo cuidadosamente - generalmente antes detomar una decision'. Turn something over in your mind significa considerar algo desdetodos los angulos. Look something over significa 'mirarlo con ojo critico':

We looked over dozens of flats before choosing this one.Miramos docenas de pisos antes de elegir este.

Cubriendo/Escondiendo• Unos pocos verbos se usan con over para mostrar que algo esta cubierto o escondido:

The sky clouded over.El cielo se cubrio.The artist didn't like the necklace so he painted it over.Al artista no le gusto el collar asi que lo volvio apintar.

• Si no, use cover something over with... como en este ejemplo:

We covered the holes over with wallpaper.Cubrimos los agujeros con papel de empapelar.

Terminado• Be over significa 'estar acabado' como en:

The party's over.La fiesta se ha acabado.

• Blow over sugiere que las tormentas y las nubes se disipan, se usa metaforicamente paraproblemas, discusiones y malos tiempos.

• Si presta dinero a alguien... 'to tide him over', significa 'hasta que el periodo sin dineroseacabe'.

• Get something over with significa 'terminar con algo'.

A la casade alguienOver tiene el sentido de 'la casa de alguien' o a esa persona, en estas combinaciones: invi-te someone over (invitar a alguien); go over (ir alia); come over (venir, acudir), etc.


EXCRCISE 1 los ejercicios 2, 3 y 4)

Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a estos verbos L1:UNlT231. Buscarunpiso 5. Pintaralgo

2. Darle vueltas a algo, pensar en algo 6. El partido no ha terminado3. Hablar sobre algo 7. El cielo se nublo4. Invitar a alguien a que venga 8. Terminemos con ello


cloud over cover over freeze over look overpaint over talk over think over

1. Would you this report before I give it to the manager?2. You have twenty-four hours to our proposal Phone us if you accept

the terms.3. I want to this with my wife before I give you an answer.4. When the sky began to , we left the beach and went back to the hotel.5. First, the painters the tables and chairs with sheets.6. In winter, the canal sometimes and then we all go skating on it.7. Municipal workers the graffitti before the Queen arrived.


be overget it over with

blow overinvite over

come over (x2)tide over

1. We sometimes have terrrible arguments in our family, but they always very quickly.2. Can you lend me a little money to me until the end of the month?3. Take the tooth out now. I'd like to _4. You must and see us some time.5. Dad, I've some friends on Saturday. Is that OK?6. I didn't know what to say when the Princess and spoke to me.7. When the match , the players all exchanged shirts.

UNIT23

EXERCISE4Una las dos mitades de las frases.1. The stream always used to2. These problems will soon3. Fifty pounds will be enough to4. The sky is beginning to5. What time will the celebrations

A cloud over.B freeze over,c be over?D tide me over.E blow over.

UNIT24 VERBS WITH BACK• Movimiento • Vuelta al punto de partida• Respondiendo/Reciprocidad

Movimiento• El significado literal cuando back combina con un verbo es a menudo 'un movimiento

hacia atras'; por ejemplo: stand back (echarse hacia atras); tie your hair back (atate elpelo atras); push your chair back (tira la silla atras). Sin embargo, back combina convarios verbos en el sentido metaforico de 'moverse hacia atras en el tiempo'; por ejemplo:

The Irish problem goes back to the 17th century.Elproblema irlandes se remota al sigh XVII.That smell takes me back to my first school.

„ „ , . . . „ , Ese olor me recuerda mi primera escuela.• Hold back sigmfica con- Don't took back.

trolate . No pienses en el pasado.UN1T24

Vuelta al punto de partida• Back tambien combina con muchos verbos para dar idea de 'volver al punto de partida':

Go back to square one. Vuelve a la primera casilla.I miss you. Come back soon. Te echo de menos. Vuelve pronto.

• Otras combinaciones son:Give something back (devuelve algo)Put something back (pon algo donde estaba)Take something back (lleva algo a su sitio)Send something back (envia algo a donde estaba)

• Notese tambien:Don't lend him any money. You'll never get it back.No leprestes dinero. No lo recuperards nunca.

Respondiendo/Reciprocidad• Una idea mas que da la pala-

bra back es la de 'reciproci- He smiled at her and she smiled back.dad' o 'respuesta': El le sonrio y ella le devolvio la sonrisa.

I'll phone you back in five minutes.Te telefoneare dentro de cinco minutos.

EXERCISE 1EXERCISES (Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa

los ejercicios 2, 3 y 4)Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a estos verbos LI:1. Eso me lleva a mis buenos tiempos 4. Mirar hacia atras2. Eso me trae recuerdos 5. Volar/coger un avion de vuelta3. Ponlos en su sitio 6. Devolver (dinero)

EXERCISE 2Complete las frases conla forma correcta de un drop back go back (x2) look back push backverbo frasal de la casilla. stand back (x2) take back think back tie back

1 , please! Let the ambulance men pass.2. It's important to and consider things objectively.3. When you work with this machine, you must your hair4. 'Don't talk to me like that,' he said, and John with the palm of his hand.5. The British runner is not doing so well in the race now. He's _6. The Minister's friendship with the actress to their schooldays together.7. A flashback is a scene in which the film to an earlier stage of the story.8. 'Ah, that music me !' said Grandma. 'Your mother used to play that

on the piano.' UNIT249. 'When did you last see the victim?'said the policeman.' ' "

10. When I on those years, I realize they were the happiest years of my life.

EXERCISESComplete las frases con be back bring back (x2) put back come back (x2)la forma correcta de un fly back go back . pay backverbo frasal de la casilla. ring back send back smile back write back

1. If the goods are not in perfect condition when they arrive, them to us.2 ! All is forgiven!3. We took the train to Paris but because we were in a hurry, we decided to4. I'm just going out for a bite of lunch. I'll at two o'clock.5. You can borrow these books for three weeks, but please this one tomorrow.6. Ah, this music wonderful memories.7. She thought about the chocolates for a few seconds, then them on the shelf.8. My brother's on holiday at the moment. He's on Saturday.9. When are you to your country?

10. You can borrow my pen, but please it It's the only one I've got.11. Stay by the telephone. I'll you immediately.12. When you smile at people, they usually13. I wrote and asked for an explanation, but the company didn't14. I lent him £30, but he never it

EXERCISE 4Una las dos mitades de las frases.1. Bring back A the money you owe. 4. Push back D happy memories.2. Payback B your chair. 5. Callback E to the beginning.3. Go back c later.

UNIT25 VERBS WITH APART-THROUGH

Desmantelar • Separation • Completar/A concienciaContacto por telefono

Desmantelar• Unos pocos verbos combinan con

apart para dar una idea de 'desmante- She took her bicycle apart to clean it.lar algo'. Take apart se usa para meca- Ella desmonto la bicicleta para limpiarla.nismos o maquinas:

• Se pueden usar fall apart o come apart para un desmantelamiento involuntario (mejor que'rotura'):

Without the proper glue, the chair will \ustfallpart again.Sin elpegamento apropiado, la silla se deshara otra vez.

SeparacionUNIT25 • Apart tambien com-

bina con algunos I hate it when we are apartverbos para dar la Detesto el que estemos separados.sensation de 'sepa- Her quick intelligence always set her apart from the others.rar' o 'distinguir': Su rapidez intelectual siempre le hacia distanciarse

de los demos.

Completar/A conciencia• Unos pocos verbos combinan con through para dar una idea de completar algo o hacerlo

a conciencia. Estos verbos a menudo estan conectados con planes, proyectos, estrategias,discusiones, etc. Carry a project through, por ejemplo, significa conseguir que un pro-yecto tenga un fin exitoso. Talk something through significa 'hablar sobre ello en deta-lle'. Notese estos otros usos metaforicos:

I agreed to do it, so I'm going to go through with it.Acepte hacerlo, asi que voy a seguir adelante con ello.His plan /f// through for lack of money.Suplan se vino abajo por falta de dinero.

Contacto por telefonoLos verbos get through yput someone through se I can't get through to my mother.usan para el telefono No consigo ponerme en contacto con mi madre.

The receptionist/?«/ me through to the manager.La recepcionista mepuso con el director.

EXERCISESEXERCISE1

(Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completalos ejercicios 2, 3 y 4)

Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a estos verbos LI:1. Desguazar, desmontar algo 5. Llevar a cabo un proyecto2. Caerse en pedazos 6. No puedo coger linea (telefono)3. Crecieron aparte 7. El plan fracaso4. No puedo diferenciarlos

EXERCISE 2Complete las frases conla forma correcta de un come apart fall apart (x2) grow apart pul1 apartverbofrasaldelacasilla. set apart (x2) take apart tear apart tell apart

1. The repairer the clock and cleaned all the pieces.2. We gave the child a cheap toy car for Christmas, but it when he sat on it.3. I'm sorry about your sunglasses. They just in my hands.4. The lion jumped on the antelope and it5. After he lost his job, his life began to6. The two boys were fighting in the kitchen. Their mother tried to them7. A Ferrari will you from the crowd.8. Her parents were happy together for a few years, but then they began to9. What him from other footballers is his speed in front of the goal.

10. The twins are identical. Only their mother can them

EXERCISE 3Complete las frases conla forma correcta de unverbo frasal de la casilla.

UNIT25

carry throughput through

fall throughtalk through

get through go throughthink through

1. It's a wonderful plan, and John O'Connor is the right man to the plan _2. 'I can't with it,' she said. 'I know I promised, but I can't marry him.'3. I accepted a job in Rome, learned Italian and sold my London flat, but the day

before I left England, the job4. Before I agree to your proposal, there are one or two points that I would like

to with you.5. Before we ask the bank to lend us money, we need to our marketing strategy

more clearly.6. - Could I speak to Pamela Stone, please - on extension 3452?

- Hold on a moment, please. I'll you7. - Hello, Pamela. It's Joan speaking. I've been trying to to you all morning.

- Sorry. I've had a lot of calls.

EXERCISE 4Una las dos mitades de las frases.1. The plan2. The receptionist3. Nobody can4. The old book5. They were once friends but they

A will put you through to me.B fell apart in his hands.c fell through.D grew apart.E tell the sisters apart.

REVISIONCome, go, bring, take, put, y get son los verbos mas comunes que combinan con particu-las. Las cinco paginas siguientes estan dedicadas a ejercicios que practican las combinacio-nes con estos verbos asi como con los verbos turn y keep.Las frases de estos ejercicios estan cogidas de las primeras paginas del libro. Esto significaque se pueden comprobar las respuestas. Si pone una respuesta equivocada vuelva a la pagi-na donde trata la particula correcta y busque en el ejemplo. Los numeros de las paginas dondesalen las frases se dan en parentesis despues de cada frase.Por cada ejercicio, complete las frases con las particulas correctas en las casillas.

Verbos frasales con come...EXERCISE 1

about back(x2) down off (x2)on (x3) apart over

1. - Nobody eats meat any more in our house.REVISION - Oh, how did that come ? (42)

2. All problems come to love or money. (38)3. Atchoo! Atchoo! I think I've got a cold coming (35)4. Come ! All is forgiven! (53)5. Come , Liverpool! Come , Liverpoo l! (36)6. I miss you. Come soon. (52)7. He tried to open the door but the handle came in his hand. (23)8. His attempt to break the record didn't come (26)9. I'm sorry about your sunglasses. They just came in my hands. (55)

10. I didn't know what to say when the Princess came and spoke to me. (51)

EXERCISE 2

up(x3) in (x2) up(x3) out on

1. I know you're in there! Come with your hands up! (14)2. It's coming to five o'clock now and he hasn't shown up. (9)3. John is not very tall. He only comes to his brother's shoulder. (8)4. I looked at my feet in the bottom of the boat. Water was coming fast. (31)5. Mr Brown's office is on the sixth floor. I'll phone him and ask him to come

to Reception. (39)6. Prices usually come after Christmas. (39)7. The 'curtain call' is when the actors come at the end of a play and the audience

applauds. (37)8. The fashion for jeans came after the war. (32)9. The match didn't come to expectations. (8)

10. The popularity of German cars comes to two things: good design and goodquality. (39)

Verbosfrasalescong0...EXERCISE 1

down (x2) out off back (x2) through on

1. 'Go to square one' means return to the starting point. (52)2. A flashback is a scene in which the film goes to an earlier stage

of the story. (53)3. A terrorist bomb was discovered outside the palace but it didn't go (23)4. At this time of the year, the sun goes at about six o'clock. (39)5. Don't go without a raincoat. (14)6. He'll go in history as the meanest employer who ever lived. (41)1. He just went reading the book as if nothing had happened. (36)8. I agreed to do it, so I'm going to go with it. (54)

EXERCISE 2

down away in out (x2) back up (x2) on (x2)

1. I don't know what goes behind closed doors, but they look very happyto me. (37)

ReVISION2. I never want to see you again. Go , and stay away! she said. (45)3. If you go with someone, that person is your boyfriend or girlfriend. (14)4. If you leave a cigarette in an ashtray, it doesn't go , but a cigar does. (17)5. Music? Theatre? I don't go for that sort of thing. (30)6. Susan went to the tennis player and asked him for his autograph. (8)7. The cost of living goes every year. (7)8. The film goes too long, in my opinion. (37)9. The Irish problem goes to the 17th century. (52)

10. This match will go as the most important of the season. (40)

Verbos frasales con bring...EXERCISE 1

up (x2) in down (x3) back about round

1. Accusations of fraud brought the government. (40)2. Ah, this music brings wonderful memories. (53)3. Don't bring that dog I don't want hairs all over the carpet. (29)4. He has fallen in love with your sister and he wants you to bring her to his house

one day. (43)5. I'm glad you brought that question. (7)6. I don't know what brought her sudden change in attitude towards me. (42)7. If I have children, I want to bring them in the country. (7)8. If sterling is weak, it brings the price of British products abroad. (39)9. If you want to sell something quickly, you bring the price (38)

EXERCISE 2

up in (x2) on (x2) back of

1. In the last five minutes of the match, the trainer decided to bring asubstitute. (37)

2. It was sitting by the open window that brought my cold. (35)3. The company will bring a new accounting system starting

on 1st January. (33)4. The Italian jockey brought the incredible feat of winning all seven races in one

afternoon. (26)5. The new manager brought a more attacking style of play. (32)6. Then he brought the embarrassing subject of money. (7)7. You can borrow these books for three weeks, but please bring this one

tomorrow. (53)

Verbos frasales con take...EXERCISE 1

off(x2) on down back out(x2) in over(x2)

1. 'Oh, that music takes me !'said Grandma. (53)2. A financier from London took their family business two years ago. (49)3. Don't take too much work. You won't have time to do it properly. (34)4. Hoddle took from Venables as manager of the England football team

in 1997. (49)5. I can take £100 a day with my Visa card. (16)6. I put my glass on the table. Who took it ? (22)7. I take my hat to people who work and study at the same time. (23)8. If you don't take what you are reading, you don't register it mentally. (31)9. If you have a problem with a taxi, you can take the driver's number. (41)

10. If you take people , they are your guests and you pay for them. (14)

EXERCISEon (x2) away back out (x2) in apart over

1. It's difficult to say no, but I don't want to take more work thanI can do. (35)

2. Looking after somebody else's children is a big responsibility to take (35)3. Many British people were surprised when VW took Rolls Royce. (49)4. On arriving, she took the situation at a glance. (30)5. Students may only take five library books. (16)6. Take that cigarette ! It's making me sneeze. (44)7. That smell takes me to my first school. (52)8. The dentist took my wisdom teeth. (16)9. The repairer took the clock and cleaned all the pieces. (55)

Verbos frasales con get...EXERCISE 1

. in on (x2) around away through back

1. I'm fixing a hole where the rain gets (30)2. - New York on Monday, Paris on Wednesday. Tomorrow, I'm going to Rome.

- You certainly get (43)3. Don't lend him any money. You'll never get it (52)4. Hello, Pamela. It's Joan speaking. I've been trying to get to you all

morning. (55)5. How are you getting ? Are you nearly ready? (36)6. I must get with my homework. (37)7. If you get with something, it means there are no unpleasant

consequences. (45)

EXERCISE 2

up in (x2) on (x2) away (x2) over

1. She doesn't get very well with her mother-in-law. (34) REVISION2. Stop talking, please, Terry, and get with your work. (37)3. Take the tooth out now. I'd like to get it with. (51)4. The exhibition was by invitation only, but Charles got me (28)5. The tickets for the concert are very expensive, but my cousin can get us

free. (29)6. We didn't get last summer. We spent the holiday painting our flat. (47)7. What time do you want to get tomorrow morning? (7)8. What! You've lost two prisoners! How did they get ? (45)

Verbos frasales con put...EXERCISE 1

up on (x2) down (x2) away (x5) through

1. Extension 3452? Hold on a moment, please. I'll put you _ (55)2. His grandmother said he should put some money for his old age. (47)3. If you do the washing-up, I' 11 dry the things and put them (47)4. The National Theatre puts six plays a year. (37)5. Some people put his success to intelligence and hard work, but I put it

to luck. (41)6. If you know the answer, put your hand (7)7. Martha put a red shirt with a blue and green skirt. She looked terrible. (35)8. Put your things when you have finished. (46)

EXERCISE 2

up out (x2) on down (x2) back

1. She thought about the chocolates for a few seconds, then put them onthe shelf. (53)

2. Susanna put her hand to ask the teacher a question. (6)3. That bag is too heavy for you. Put it I'11 carry it. (39)4. The fire service fought all night to put the fire (17)5. The Opera House recently put Puccini's 'La Boheme'. (37)6. The public relations department put a press release to calm people's

fears. (19)1. I wonder why he did that? What do you put it to? (40)

Verbos frasales con turn...EXERCISE 1

round over up (x3) on away (x2) down off

1. 'It's cold,' he said and turned the collar of his coat. (7)REVISION 2. Every time I turn the radio, I hear that song. (35)

3.1 wanted a job as a fireman, but they turned my application. (41)4. If you turn , I'll brush the back of your jacket for you. (43)

, 5. If you turn someone , you don't let them come in. (45)6. Jack always turns when you least expect him. (9)7. Parents need to know when to turn the TV. (25)8. The doormen will turn anyone who doesn't have a ticket for the

concert. (45)9. To turn something in your mind means to consider it from every angle. (50)

10. Martha turned the volume so that she could hear the music in thebathroom. (7)

Verbos frasales con keep...EXERCISE 1

out (x2) up off (x2) on (x2) away

1. 'Keep trying' means don't stop trying. (36)2. A notice on the gate said PRIVATE-KEEP (17)3. I've got a terrible cold. You'd better keep from me. (45)4. If you burn this candle, it will keep the mosquitoes (24)5. It's ridiculous to keep women of the top jobs. (17)6. Keep your hat If you take it off, you might lose it. (22)7. This cream is guaranteed to keep insects. (25)8. You're walking too fast. I can't keep with you. (9)

ANSWERSI VERBS WITH

UP(l)EXERCISE 1

1 bring up2 dig up3 get up4 go up5 look up6 pick up7 turn up8 bring up9 build up

10 grow upI1 heat up12 hurry up13 speak up14 turn up15 warm upEXERCISE 2

picked uplifted uplook updug upput up

6 turned up7 brought up8 get up9 goes up

10 brought upEXERCISE 3

1 turned upbrighten upbuild upbring ... upspeak up

6 grew up7 hurry up8 warm up9 heat . . . up

10 work upEXERCISE 41 A/C • 2 H • 3 D • 4 G5 E/F • 6 B

2 VERBS WITHUP (2)

EXERCISE 11 catch up (with)2 come up (to)3 drive up4 face up (to)5 keep up (with)6 lead up (to)7 show up8 turn up

EXERCISE 21 keep up2 catch. . . up3 snuggled up4 leads up5 coming up6 drove up7 face up

8 turns up/shows up9 show up/turn up

10 walked upEXERCISE 3

1 led up/leads up2 came up3 drove up4 shown up5 coming up6 shown up7 face up

EXERCISE 41 E - 2 D - 3 C - 4 B5 E/F • 6 A

3 VERBS WITHUP (3)

EXERCISE 1do upbrush upzip up

4 cheer up5 wash up6 tie up7 dress up

EXERCISE 21 dress up2 do up3 brush up4 wash up5 clean up6 cheer.. . up

EXERCISE 3do uptie upboarded up

4 do up5 zipped up6 zipped up/

zipped ... up7 tied up

EXERCISE 41 D - 2 A - 3 F - 4 B5 C - 6 E

4 VERBS WITHUP (4)

EXERCISE 11 end up2 fill up3 cover up4 tear up5 trip up6 blow up7 drink up8 shut up

EXERCISE 21 used up2 eat up3 dries up4 tore up5 drank up6 burn up

EXERCISE 31 end up2 wash ... up3 filled... up4 shut up5 cover up6 fill up

EXERCISE 41 mess up2 blow up3 smashed up4 tripped up5 shook. . . up

5 VERBS WITHOUT (1)

EXERCISE 11 break out2 move out3 invite out4 let out5 stay out6 pull out7 lock out

EXERCISE 21 jumped out2 ran out3 pulled out4 fell out5 broke out6 take ... out7 p u t . . . out8 l e t . . . out9 sticking out

10 stood outEXERCISE 3

1 invite ... out2 gone out3 locked... out4 stay out5 move out6 ask . . . out7 ca l l . . . out

EXERCISE 41 D - 2 E - 3 B - 4 A - 5 C

6 VERBS WITHOUT (2)

EXERCISE 11 throw out2 pull out3 throw out4 stub out5 cut out6 run out7 keep out8 keep out9 rule out

10 put out11 take out12 takeoutEXERCISE 2

1 threw.. . out2 keep out

3 ruled out4 keep ... out5 keep out6 cut out7 shut out8 missed out9 takeout

EXERCISE 31 go out2 stamp out3 die out4 put. . . out5 stub ... out6 wipe out7 running out8 run out9 knocked out

10 squeezing out11 sold outEXERCISE 41 C - 2 A - 3 D - 4 E5B

7 VERBS WITHOUT (3)

EXERCISE 11 try out2 work out3 sort out4 tire out5 hand out6 give out7 pull out8 fill out9 clear out

EXERCISE 21 fill out2 write out3 check out4 test. . . out5 print. . . out6 try out7 sort . . . out8 spread . . . out9 t i red. . . out

10 clean outEXERCISE 3

1 give out/hand out2 hand out/give out3 send out4 gives out5 put out6 go out

EXERCISE 41 C • 2 E • 3 A • 4 B5 D - 6 F

8 VERBS WITHOUT (4)

EXERCISE 11 pick out2 look out3 point out4 find out

ANSWERS

5 single out6 make out7 watch out8 listen out

EXERCISE 21 picked out

singled outpoint out

4 watch out5 watch out6 watch out7 look out8 listening out9 point out

EXERCISE 3find outfigure outmake out

4 work out5 make out6 work out

EXERCISE 41 B - 2 E - 3 D - 4 A - 5 C

9 VERBS WITHOFF (1)

EXERCISE 11 set off2 kick off3 spark off4 start off5 send off6 take off7 strip off8 come off9 kill off

10 lay off11 pay off12 bite offEXERCISE 2

1 set off2 takes off

go offsent . . . offbacked off

6 starts off7 started off8 kicked off9 kicked off

10 sparked offEXERCISE 3

1 take off2 bite off3 broke off4 strip off5 brush ... off6 cut off7 came off8 killed off9 lay off

10 pay ... offEXERCISE 41 C - 2 D - 3 E - 4 B - 5 A

10 VERBS WITHOFF (2)

EXERCISE 11 switch off2 break off3 ring off

4 cut off5 call off6 keep off7 fight off8 wear off9 work off

EXERCISE 21 switch off/turn off2 broke off3 break off4 turn off/switch off5 ring off6 cut off7 called off8 ease off9 wear off

10 work off11 cool off12 dropped offEXERCISE 3

1 stave off2 keep off3 fight off4 warn off5 hold off

EXERCISE 4I C - 2 E - 3 A - 4 D - 5 B

II VERBS WITHOFF (3)

EXERCISE 11 bring off2 round off3 dash off4 go off5 finish off6 partition off7 cut off

EXERCISK 2

1 polished off2 went off3 dashed off4 round off5 finish off6 brought... off7 come off

EXERCISE 31 cordoned off2 fence off3 block off4 partitioned off5 cut off

EXERCISE 4

4 went in5 check in6 sign. . . in7 key in8 drive in9 ge t . . . in

10 rush in11 walked in12 p lug. . . inEXERCISE 3

1 stay in2 wait in3 move in4 move in5 drops in/pops in6 lives in7 drop in/pop in

EXERCISE 41 D - 2 A - 3 E - 4 B - 5 C

13 VERBS WITHIN (2)

EXERCISE 11 take in2 breathe in3 stir in4 fit in5 join in6 settle in7 get sucked in8 go in (for)

EXERCISE 21 breathed in2 coming in3 took in4 sink in5 drank in6 add in7 count. . . in8 s t i r . . . in9 throw in

10 built in11 fit inEXERCISE 3

1 joined infell in

3 rope ... in4 settle in5 draw ... in6 come in7 cash in8 sucked in

EXERCISE 41 D - 2 C - 3 A - 4 E - 5 B 1 D • 2 C • 3 A-4 E • 5 B

12 VERBS WITH/;v(i)

EXERCISE 11 check in2 get in3 key in4 plug in5 move in6 wait in

EXERCISE 21 come in2 bring ... in3 take ... in

14 VERBS WITHIN(3)

EXERCISE 11 sets in2 phase in3 colour in4 bring in5 fill in6 give in

EXERCISE 21 came in2 bring in3 phase in

4 tuck in5 set in6 fill in7 colour in8 fill... in9 bricked in

10 plastered inEXERCISE 3

1 kick ... in2 caved in3 fell in4 give in5 give in

EXERCISE 41 C - 2 E - 3 A - 4 B - 5 D

15 VERBS WITHON (I)

EXERCISE 11 put on2 keep on3 take on4 switch on/turn

on/put on5 bring on6 try on

EXERCISE 21 put on2 try on3 keep ... on4 add on5 take on6 take on

EXERCISE 31 coming on2 put. . . on/turn ... on3 come on4 put on/turn on5 brought on6 catch on

EXERCISE 41 C - 2 E - 3 D - 4 A5 B - 6 F

16 VERBS WITHON (2)

EXERCISE 11 hold on2 keep on3 get on (with)4 come on5 carry on6 put on7 be on

EXERCISE 21 carried on/kept on2 get on3 keep on/carry on4 stay on5 hold on/hang on6 play on7 went on8 went on9 hold on/hang on

10 live onEXERCISE 3

1 come on2 cheer on

ANSWERS

3 put on4 bring on5 is on6 come on7 goes on8 going on

EXERCISE 41 B - 2 D - 3 E - 4 C - 5 A

17 VERBS WITHDOWN (1)

EXERCISE 11 put down2 go down3 lie down4 bring down5 come down6 cut down7 turn down8 calm down9 die down

EXERCISE 21 lie down2 come down3 put. . . down4 goes down5 jumped down6 fall down7 gulped down8 keep .. . down9 wolf down

EXERCISE 31 come down2 turn . . . down3 calmed down4 calm . .. down5 come down6 die down7 brings down8 comes down9 cut down

10 cut down11 settled downEXERCISE 41 C - 2 D - 3 B - 4 E - 5 A

18 VERBS WITHDOWN (2)

EXERCISE 11 break down2 back down3 cut down4 pull down5 close down6 take down7 turn down8 step down

EXERCISE 21 knocked down2 cut down3 break .. . down4 shoot down5 crack down6 turn down7 step down8 back down

EXBRCISE 3

1 broke down2 closed down3 is down4 turned down5 turned . . . down6 let ... down7 wrote down8 go down9 put . . . down/put

. . . down10 take downEXERCISE 41 C - 2 E - 3 A - 4 B - 5 D

19 VERBS WITHABOUT, AROUNDAND ROUND

EXERCISE 11 hang around2 follow around3 shop around4 pass around5 look round6 come round7 get around

EXERCISE 21 sit around2 standing around3 stand around4 stick around5 messing around6 running around7 follow . . . around8 get around9 leaves . . . around

10 shop around1 1 passed . . . round12 got aroundEXERCISE 3

1 turn round2 look round3 turn . . . round4 spin round5 won . . . round6 going round7 come round8 call round9 bring . . . round

EXERCISE 41 C - 2 A - 3 B - 4 E - 5 D

20 VERBS WITHAWAY(!)

EXERCISE 11 run away2 turn away3 keep away4 throw away5 tow away6 back away7 get away

EXERCISE 21 turn away2 turn . . . away3 flew away4 ran away

5 run away6 back away7 scare . . . away8 go away/stay away9 keep away

1 0 get awayEXERCISE 3

1 tow . . . away2 threw away3 throw . . . away4 take . . . away5 gambled . . . away6 ebb away7 dragged . . . away8 give away9 washed away

EXERCISE 41 C - 2 E - 3 A - 4 B5D

21 VERBS WITHAWAY (2)

EXERCISE 11 put away2 put away3 be away4 carry away5 shut away

EXERCISE 21 put . . . away2 tidy . . . away3 locked . . . away4 put . . . away5 shut . . . away6 going away7 get away8 is away9 be away

10 cleared awayEXERCISE 3

1 flashing away2 polishing away3 working away4 talking away5 get carried away

EXERCISE 41 B - 2 A - 3 E ' 4 C5D

22 VERBS WITHOVER (1)

EXERCISE 11 knock over2 run over3 hand over4 take over5 win over

EXERCISE 21 knocked over2 run over3 fell over4 blown over5 knocked over6 run over7 blows . . . over8 falling over9 run over

EXERCISE 31 took over2 took over3 Hand over4 handed . . . over5 win over6 win over7 handing . . . over8 changed over9 won .. . over

10 took overEXERCISE 41 B - 2 E - 3 D - 4 C5A

23 VERBS WITHOVER (2)

EXERCISE 11 look over2 think over3 talk over4 invite over5 paint over6 be over7 cloud over8 get it over with

EXERCISE 21 look . . . over2 think . . . over3 talk . . . over4 cloud over5 covered . . . over6 freezes over7 painted . . . over

EXERCISE 31 blow over2 tide . . . over3 get it over with4 come over5 invited . . . over6 came over7 was over

EXERCISE 41 B - 2 E - 3 D - 4 A5C

24 VERBS WITHBACK

EXERCISE 11 take back2 bring back3 put back4 look back5 flyback6 pay back

EXERCISE 21 stand back

stand backtie ... back

\pushed . . . backdropping back

6 went back7 goes back8 takes .. . back9 think back

10 look back

ANSWERS

EXERCISE 31 send . . . back2 come back3 flyback4 be back5 bring . . . back6 brings back7 put. . . back8 coming back9 going back

10 give . .. back11 ring . .. back12 smile back13 write back14 paid . . . back

EXERCISE 41 D - 2 A - 3 E - 4 B5C

25 VERBS WITHAPART ANDTHROUGH

EXERCISE 11 take apart2 fall apart3 grow apart4 tell apart5 carry through

6 get through7 fall through

EXERCISE 21 took .. . apart2 fell apart/came apart3 came apart/fell apart4 tore . . . apart5 fall apart6 pull. . . apart7 set . . . apart8 grow apart9 sets . . . apart

10 tell. . . apart

EXERCISE 31 carry . . . through

go through3 fell through4 talk through5 think . . . through6 put. . . through7 get through

EXERCISE 41 C - 2 A - 3 E - 4 B5 D

REVISIONPHRASAL VERBSWITH COME . . .EXERCISE 1

1 about2 down3 on4 back5 on/on6 back7 off8 off9 apart

10 overEXERCISE 2

1 out2 up3 up4 in5 down6 down7 on8 in9 up

10 down

PHRASAL VERBSWITH GO ...EXERCISE 1

1 back2 back3 off4 down5 out6 down7 on8 through

EXERCISE 21 on2 away

3 out4 out5 in6 up7 up8 on9 back

10 down

PHRASAL VERBSWITH BRING . . .EXERCISE 1

1 down2 back3 in4 round5 up6 about7 up8 down9 down

EXERCISE 21 on2 on3 in4 off5 in6 up7 back

PHRASAL VERBSWITH TAKE . . .EXERCISE 1

1 back2 over3 on4 over5 out6 off7 off

8 in9 down

10 outEXERCISE 2

1 on2 on3 over4 in5 out6 away7 back8 out9 apart

PHRASAL VERBSWITH GET . . .EXERCISE 1

1 in2 around3 back4 through5 on6 on7 away

EXERCISE 21 on2 on3 over4 in5 in6 away7 up8 away

PHRASAL VERBSWITH PUT . . .EXERCISE 1

1 through2 away

3 away4 on5 down/down6 up7 on8 away

EXERCISE 21 back2 up3 down4 out5 on6 out7 down

PHRASAL VERBSWITH TURN . . .EXERCISE 1

1 up2 on3 down4 round5 away6 up7 off8 away9 over

10 up

PHRASAL VERBSWITH KEEP . . .

1 on2 out3 away4 off5 out6 on7 off8 up

ANSWERS

Phrasal Verbs

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