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{]_Ô§fpsS kamlmcw

tUm. KtWjv slKvsU, ca Fkv

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tcJ k¼¯v,

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\¡oc³, Znhy iÀa, kcnX Fkv

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]n¸Â {So, ^bÀ^vss

Zns¶]mey, I¤fn]pc t]mÌv, s

C-þ-sabnÂ: program@pipaltree.org.in

ImemhØm \oXn¡mbpÅ

am[ya{]NmcWw 16 se am[ya ]²XnbpsS `mKambn Xbmdm¡nbn«pÅ

{]_Ô§fpsS kamlmcw

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samgnamäw ¡oc³, Znhy iÀa, kcnX Fkv. _me³, Fw. am[h³,

eqbnkv ^nKsctZm

FUntägvkv ¡oc³, Znhy iÀa, kcnX Fkv. _me³, kptcjv amXyp

GtIm]\w HmwPn tPm¬

Unssk³ & teHu«v sjdn³ t]mÄ

IhÀ ]nIvNÀ

_o kn.sI.Fw., enwKcmP sh¦tSjv

{]kn²oIcWw

]n¸Â {So, ^bÀ^vssfkv CâÀIĨd skâÀ

Zns¶]mey, I¤fn]pc t]mÌv, s_wKfqcp-þ560082, C´y. t^m¬:

program@pipaltree.org.in sh_vsskäv: www.pipaltree.org.in

Unkw_À 2016

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16 se am[ya ]²XnbpsS `mKambn Xbmdm¡nbn«pÅ

AcIeKpUp,

tejv Nn¹n,

apøm«v, enwKcmP sh¦ntSjv

_me³, Fw. am[h³,

_me³, kptcjv amXyp

+91-80-28432725 www.pipaltree.org.in

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ag¡pdhv XpS§nbh _m[n¨tXmsS Cu

X®oÀXSmI¯nse Pe¯nsâ kzm`mhnI ip²n

\ãs¸«p. X®oÀ¯S¯nse Pe\nc¸v IpdªXv

Xm]\w IqSm³ ImcWamhpIbpw AXnsâ ]n.

F¨v. hmeyq Ipdbm\pw ImcWambn«p­v. CXn\p

]pdsabmWv PePohnIfpsS BhmkhyhØ

XIÀ¶Xv. Cu taJebnte¡pÅ tZimS\ ]£n

IfpsS hchv IpdªXnsâ {][m\ ImcWhpw

aÕyk¼¯nep­mbn«pÅ IpdhmsW¶v Pwjo

\ Nq­n¡m«p¶p. X®oÀ¯S¯nse I­Â¡m

SpIÄ IpdªtXmsS ImÀ_¬ssUHmIv-sskUv

BKncWw sN¿m\pÅ tijnbpw Ipdªp.

aeo\oIcWw Ipdbv¡p¶Xp kw_Ôn¨v {]tZi

s¯ P\§Ä¡pw _Ôs¸« DtZymKØÀ¡pw

IrXyamb t_m[hXv¡cWw \S¯nbm X®oÀ

¯Ss¯ Xncn¨p ]nSn¡m³ Ignbpsa¶v Pwjo\

{]Xo£ {]ISn¸n¡p¶p.

enwKcmP sh¦tSjv: ImemhØm hyXnbm

\hpw Cuä¯S§fpsS \ioIcWhpw F¶ hnj

b¯nepÅ t^mt«m ^o¨dmWv kzX{´ Fgp¯p

Imc\pw t^mt«m{Km^dpamb sh¦ntSjntâXv.

ip²Pe X®oÀ¯S§fnse A`nhmPy LSIamb

Cuä¯S§Ä X®oÀ¯S§Ä CÃmXmIp¶Xp

aqew F§s\bmWv Ipdªphcp¶sX¶v CXnÂ

hnhcn¡p¶p. AtXmsSm¸w, BhmkhyhØbnÂ

h¶ amäw aqew Cuä¯S§fnse {]P\\ kz`mh

7

¯n h¶ amä§fpw CXn {]Xn]mZn¡p¶p.

ImehÀj kab¯v e`n¡p¶ agbv¡\pkcn¨v

X®oÀ¯S§fpsS LS\bn amäap­mIpIbpw

AXns\m¸w \ZnbpsS Hgp¡nepw amäw hcp¶p.

CXv Cuä¯S§Ä \in¡p¶Xn\v Hcp {][m\

ImcWamWv-; sh¦ntSjv \nco£n¡p¶p. Cuä¯S

§sf B{ibn¨p Pohn¡p¶ a\pjycpsS Pohn

Xhpw ImemhØm \oXnbpw kw_Ôn¨pÅ tNm

Zy§fmWv Cu teJ\¯neqsS sh¦ntSjv D¶

bn¡p¶Xv.

ImemhØm hyXnbm\w F§s\bmWv

BhmkhyhØIÄ¡v BLmXw krjvSn¡p¶

sX¶pw Ah hnhn[ kaql§sf F§s\ _m[n

¡p¶psh¶papÅ hnhc§Ä Cu F«v teJ\

§Ä ]¦phbv¡p¶p. AXns\m¸w, ImemhØm

hyXnbm\¯nsâ {]XymLmX§Ä Ipdbv¡p¶Xn

\pÅ kpØnc _ZÂ \nÀtZi§fpw Ch ]¦p

hbv¡p¶p. Cu \nÀtZi§fpw \S]SnIfpw XoÀ¨

bmbpw ImemhØm hyXnbm\ hnjb¯nÂ

XXv]ccmb aäv {Kq¸pIÄ¡pw klmbIIcamIpw.

ImemhØm hyXnbm\¯nsâ BLmX§Ä

eLqIcn¡p¶Xn\pw kwc£W \S]SnIÄ¡pw

Gähpw {][m\w \bcq]oIcW {]{InbbnÂ

D­mtI­ Imcy§fmsW¶v Cu H¼Xv teJ\

IÀ¯m¡fpw hyàam¡p¶p­v. AXpsIm­p

Xs¶ ImemhØbpambn _Ôs¸« \bcq]oI

cW¯n Cu \nÀtZi§Ä XoÀ¨bmbpw DÄ

s¡mÅn¡pw F¶p Xs¶ R§Ä hnizkn¡p

¶p. ImemhØm hyXnbm\hpw AXp aqeap­m

Ip¶ BLmX§Ä Ipdbv¡p¶Xn\pw anI¨

kwc£W \S]SnIÄ D­mIp¶Xn\pw hyàn

Ifpw AtXmsSm¸w XXv]ccmb kwLS\Ifpw

Cu Imcy§Ä NÀ¨ sN¿psa¶pw AXns\

XpSÀ¶pÅ \S]SnIfpambn apt¶m«p t]mIpsa

¶pw R§Ä IcpXp¶p.

þ HmwPn tPm¬

8

ImemhØm hyXnbm\hpw I¶pImen Irjnbpw tUm. KtWjv slKvsU

"s\¸mS§Ä apgph\pant¸mÄ ssIX¨

¡ Irjn¡mbn amän. ]mS¯n\p Npäpw Ft¸mgpw

]pÃp­mbncp¶p. I¶pImenIÄ¡v AXp kp`n

£amb Xoäbmbncp¶p. F¶m IoS\min\nbp

sS D]tbmKw ]pÃnsâ cpNnbn amäw hcp¯n.

{Kma¯nse sXmgnemfnIÄ¡v ]pÃv apdn¡p¶

tPmen sN¿m\pw XmXv]cyanÃmXmbn. Imen¯oä

bv¡pw hne IqSn hcnIbmWv.' knÀkn Xmeq¡v

tImÀfI« {Kma¯nse Ipt_c¸ \nwK¸ l³sk

acmZv F¶ 73-Imcsâ hm¡pIÄ I¶pImen hfÀ

¯ense \nehnepÅ AhØ shfnhm¡p¶p.

I¶pImen IÀjIcn IqSqX t]cpw

C¶o AhØ t\cnSp¶p­v. KpWta·bpÅ

Imen¯oä I¶pImen Irjnbn hfsc {]m[m\y

apÅXmWv. 1970-Ifn ‘£oc hn¹hw' Bkq{XWw

sNbvXXv ]mepXv]mZ\w hÀ[n¸n¡m³ th­nbm

bncp¶p. £ochn¹h¯n\mbn sPgv-kn, F¨v.F^v.

C\w ]ip¡sf hntZi¯v \n¶v Cd¡paXn

sNbvXp. Xt±i kmlNcy§fpambn CW§p¶

Hcp k¦c C\s¯ DXv]mZn¸n¡m³ \mS³ C\w

I¶pImenIsf Cu hntZin C\§fpambn t{Imkv

sNbvXp.

]mepXv]mZ\w IqSpXepÅ Cu k¦cbn\w

I¶pImenIÄ¡pw KpWta·bpÅ Xoä Bhiy

ambncp¶p. Imeo¯oäbpsS Afhn\pw {]m[m\y

ap­v. ap³Ime§fnsem¶pw CÃm¯ hn[w t]m

jI KpWapÅ Imen¯oä \ÂtI­Xv Bhiy

ambn h¶p. kmaqlnI, km¼¯nI amä§fpw

AXpambn _Ôs¸« ImemhØm hyXnbm\hpw

I¶pImen hfÀ¯ens\bpw Imen¯oäbpsS Kp

Wta·sbbpw e`yXsbbpw F§s\ _m[n¨p

sh¶v _p²n]qÀhambn hnebncp¯nbm a\Ên

emIpw. Cu teJ\w IÀWmSIbnse D¯c I¶S

PnÃbnse knÀkn Xmeq¡n ImemhØm

hyXnbm\w aqew Imen¯oäbn D­mb amäs¯

¡pdn¨pÅXmWv.

temIs¯ Xs¶ ssPhsshhn[yapÅ

F«v tlm«v kvt]m«pIfnsem¶mWv Cu `q{]tZiw.

D¯c I¶Sbnse F«v Xmeq¡pIfnsem¶mWv

knÀkn (t_mIv-kvþ1). sshhn[y§fmb Acphn

IÄ, shÅs¡«pIÄ, CSXqÀ¶ h\{]tZi§Ä,

IrjnbnS§Ä F¶nh Cu {]tZi¯nsâ {]tXy

IXbmWv. sX¡v ]Snªmd³ Imäv Pq¬ apXÂ

sk]vXw_À hsc Cu {]tZi¯v ag e`yam¡p

¶p. Cu Xmeq¡nsâ aq¶n \mev {]tZiw h\

¯m Npäs¸«XmWv. tcJIÄ {]Imcw ]pÂ{]tZ

itam Imeo¯oä DXv]mZ\¯n\v {]tXyIamb

`qantbm CÃ. AXn\m ImSpIfn kzm`mhnI

ambn hfcp¶sXt´m AXmbncp¶p Imeo¯oä

bmbn e`yambncp¶Xv. Cu h\{]tZi¯n\p IqSp

XÂ a\pjyÀ Bhiy¡mcmbn h¶tXmsS {]Ir

XnZ¯amb Imen¯oäbn {ItaW Ipdhv hcm³

XpS§n.

knÀkn Xmeq¡nse ae\mSv {]tZis¯

Imen¯oä e`yXsb¡pdn¨v ]T\w \S¯nb

imkv{XÚ\mb am[hv KmUvKn Irjn`qanbnÂ

hfÀ¯p¶ Imen¯oä Hcp hÀj¯n c­p

amkt¯t¡ XnIbq F¶v Is­¯n. hÀj¯n

 _m¡n kabw BfpIÄ CXn\mbn h\s¯bm

Wv B{ibn¡p¶Xv. Cu {]tZis¯ I¶pImen

IÄ t]mjImlmc¡pdhv aqew Iãs¸Sp¶Xmbn

At±l¯nsâ ]T\w sXfnbn¡p¶p. DW¡¸p

Ãn 22 iXam\hpw ]¨¸pÃn 62-Dw aäv XoäbnÂ

64 iXam\¯nsâbpw IpdhpÅXmbn B ]T\w

]dbp¶p.

kmaqlnI, km¼¯nI amä§Ä knÀkn Xmeq¡nse Ing¡³ `mKs¯

P\kwJym]camb khntijXIÄ \nc¸mb {]tZ

i¯n\p kam\amWv. s\ÃmWv ChnsS {][m\

ambpw Irjn sN¿p¶ `£yhnf. F¶m Cu

ASp¯ Ime¯mbn s\Ãv C©n¡pw ssIX¨¡

Irjn¡pw hgn amdn sImSp¯p XpS§n. Cu

Xmeq¡nsâ ]Snªmdp {]tZiw ]ÀÆX§Ä \nd

ªXmWv. Xn§n \ndª ImSpIfm Npäs¸«Xm

Wo {]tZiw. ChnsS IqSpXepw ASbv¡ t]mep

Å tXm«IrjnbmWv. `q{]tZi¯nsâ khntij

X aqew Cu taJebnse IÀjIÀ¡v hnfbnÂ

henb sshhn[y§Ä ]co£n¡m³ IgnbnÃ.

Ipd¨v ]Xnäm­pIÄ¡v ap¼v s\Ãmbncp¶p Chn

sS apJyambpw Irjn sNbvXncp¶Xv. Ct¸mÄ

AsXÃmw ASbv¡ Irjnbmbn ]cnhÀ¯\w

sN¿s¸«ncn¡p¶p. ]Snªmd³ taJebnse P\

§fpsS PohnX \nehmcw Ing¡³ {]tZis¯

P\§sf At]£n¨v anI¨XmWv. ImÀjnI sXmgn

emfnIfpsS ZuÀe`yamWv {][m\ {]iv-\w. Hmtcm

IÀjI\pw kz´ambpÅ Irjn`qan IpdhmbXn

\m Imen¯oä Irjn¡mbn am{Xw `qan amän

hbv¡m\pw Ignbp¶nÃ. Iq«pIpSpw_ hyhØnXn

CÃmXmIp¶Xpw Hmtcm IpSpw_¯nsâbpw ssI

9

hiapÅ Irjn`qanbpsS hnkvXrXn Ipdbm³

ImcWamWv.

Box-1: Sirsi Taluk – General Information Coordinates 14.6195°N 74.8354°E State Karnataka District Uttara Kannada Region Malenadu Total Area 1,322.32 km2 (510.55 sq mi) Elevation 600 m (2,000 ft) Population (2011) 1,75,550 (Taluk Population) Annual Rainfall About 2000 mm Change in rainfall in last 55 years Decreased from 2750 mm to 2250 mm Temperature in last 15 years 170C – 32.20C Grazing grassland Area -Nil- Average fodder in one hectare forest About 6-8 ton Livestock Local breed cattle 33,334 Mixed breed 16,828 Buffaloes 12,331 Goat 2,224 Sheep 1,097

Ing¡³ taJebn Irjn sN¿p¶

Imen¯oäbn t]mjIaqeyw IqSpXembXn\mÂ

AhnSps¯ P\§Ä¡mWv ]mepXv]mZ\¯nÂ

IqSpX XmXv]cyw. I¶pImen hfÀ¯en ]Sn

ªmd³ taJebn Ipdhv tcJs¸Sp¯nbn«p­v.

Imen¯oä F¯n¡m³ Nnehv IqSnbXpw sXmgn

emfnIfpsS ZuÀe`yhpw ]ip¡fpsS F®w Hcp

ho«n Ht¶m ct­m F¶ Xc¯nte¡v Ipdbm³

ImcWambn. Hcp ho«nse Bhiy¯n\v am{Xta

Chbn \n¶v ]mev e`n¡q. ]mev hm§p¶XmWv

em`Icsa¶Xn\m ]e IÀjIcpw I¶pImenI

sf hn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p­v.

Imeo¯oäbpw ImemhØm amähpw {]IrXnZ¯ambn hfcp¶ Imen¯oä Im«n

epw Ip¶pIfnepw Ipän¡m«nepw \nc¸mb `qanbn

epw CeIÄ¡mbn hfÀ¯p¶ ImSpIfnepw s\Â

¸mS§Ä¡v Npän\pw ASbv¡m tXm«§Ä¡v kao

]hpamWv ImWs¸Sp¶Xv. Imeo¯oäbmbn GXm

­v 90 C\w ]pÃp­mbncp¶p.

F¶ment¸mÄ ]e C\§fpw ImWm\nÃ.

DÅh Xs¶ Xncn¨dnbm³ IgnhpÅ hnZKv[cp

anÃ. {]IrXnZ¯ambn e`yambncp¶ Imen¯oä

bpsS Afhn KWyamb Ipdhp­mbn«p­v. H¶p

c­v ASn hsc am{Xw hfÀ¶ ]pÃv I\¯ agbn

 \in¨p t]mIpw. ImemhØm hyXnbm\w aqe

apÅ Imew sXänb agbn [mcmfambn D­mIp

¶ {]mWnIÄ (Stink, Jasid, Spodaptera, Bristle beetle, etc) ]pÃns\ \in¸n¡pw. F¶m {]IrXn¡v Cu

{]mWnIsf \nb{´n¡m³ Hcp kwhn[m\ap­v þ-

Nne´n. ]pÃpIÄ¡nSbn Nne´n s\¿p¶ he

bn Cu {]mWnIÄ IpSp§pw. F¶m I\¯

agbn Cu Nne´n¡pw IqSp s\¿m³ IgnbnÃ.

Natural growing grass varieties 1. Arudodonas spp 2. Botheriochola pertusa, Heteropogon contortus 3. Cynodondactylon 4. Cynodonbarberi 5. Eriothloaprocera 6. Eragrostisbifaria 7. Andropogonaristata

I¶pImenIsf t]mäm³ Xoä hfÀ¯p¶

hfsc Ipd¨v IÀjItcbpÅq. adKp­n {Kma¯n

se \mcmbW ]qPmcn (65) t\¸nbÀ, IGFRI, Kn\n,

knKv-\Â F¶nhbpw AXpt]mse t]mjIaqeyw

IqSnb ]e ]pÃn\§fpw hfÀ¯p¶p­v. \nÀ`mKy

him A¯cw IÀjIcpsS F®w hfsc

IpdhmWv. Nne IÀjIÀ am{Xta hr£§fpsS

Ce Imen¯oäbmbn D]tbmKn¡p¶pÅq. shÅ

¸pÃv F¶v hnfn¡p¶ DW§nb I¨nbpw Im«nse

\nc¸mb Øe¯v DbÀ¶p hfcp¶ ]ptÃm BWv

DW¡ Imen¯oäbmbn D]tbmKn¡p¶Xv. kw

Øm\¯nsâ aäp Øe§fn \n¶mWv Cu

shŸpÃv t]mepw F¯p¶Xv.

‘Cu hÀjs¯ A´co£ Xm]\nebpw

age`yX IpdªXpw ]pÃv Irjn¡v KpWIcambn

cp¶p' sh¶v hncan¨ imkv{XÚ\mb tla´v

slKvsU ]dbp¶p. ImemhØm hyXnbm\hpw

Xßqew Imen¯oä Irjnbnepw e`yXbnepap-

­mb hyXymkhpw sNdpXpw CS¯c¡mcpw `qan

bnÃm¯hcpamb IÀjIscbmWv _m[n¨ncn¡p

¶Xv. Npän\pw I¶pImen Iq«¯ns\m¸w hfcpI

bpw Ahsb Cãs¸SpIbpw sNbvX Ipt_c¸

Ignª ]¯v ]Xn\©v hÀjambn k¦c C\w

I¶pImenIsfbmWv hfÀ¯p¶Xv. aäp amÀ¤§

fnÃm¯Xn\m It¼mf¯n ]mbv¡äpIfn In

«p¶ Imeo¯oäbmWv Ipt_cbpsS B{ibw.

Cu {]tZi§fn ImSp \in¸n¡Â hym]

IamWv. sshhn[yamÀ¶ C\w Im«p ac§Ä¡v

]Icw AtIzjybpw am©nbw t]mes¯ ac§fp

amWv h\whIp¸v h¨p]nSn¸n¨ncn¡p¶Xv. Cu ac

§Ä¡v Nph«n ]pÃv \¶mbn hfcnÃ. Im«nÂ

hr£§Ä ]cnanXambXv Npän\papÅ {]tZi§

fn A´co£ Xm]\ne IqSm³ ImcWamIp¶p.

]pÃv CÃm¯Xn\m Xoä tXSn Id§n \S¡p¶

I¶pImenIfpanÃ. ]eXcw Imen¯oä hn¯pIÄ

NmWI¯neqsS ]SÀ¶ncp¶p. F¶ment¸mÄ A

10 ] - p-ÃmWv I¶p-Im-en-IÄ¡v {]nb-¦-c-amb Xoä

Xpw XSÊs¸«ncn¡p¶p. ]pÃv {]IrXnZ¯ambn

hfÀ¶ncp¶ ]e `q{]tZi§fpw ssIt¿ds¸«p.

bp]mtämdnbw t]mepÅ IfIÄ btYãw hfÀ¶p

sIm­ncn¡p¶p. ]c¼cmKXambn AdnhpÅ k

kyhnf hnZmKv[À Ipdªp sIm­ncn¡p¶p. ]¨

\nd¯nepÅ Imen¯oä kky§Ä Xncn¨dnbm³

I¶pImenIÄ¡v t]mepw Ignbp¶nsöXv FSp

¯p ]dbWw. BtcmKy¯n\v lm\nIcamb,

Ign¡m³ ]mSnÃm¯ C\w kky§fmWv Ah

Xoäbm¡p¶Xv. kzm`mhnIambn hfcp¶ Imen

¯oä CÃmXmbt¸mÄ IÀjIÀ I¶pImenIsf

tabm³ hnSp¶Xpw \nÀ¯n.

]Icw FÃm kab¯pw Ahsb sXmgp

¯n sI«nbnSpIbmWv sN¿p¶Xv. IÀjIÀ¡v

I¶pImenIsf Xoäm³ Npäph« v hfcp¶ ]pÃn

t\bpw sNSntbbpw tXSn Cdt§­n h¶p. Cu

taJebn hfcp¶ Hcp tXm«hnfbpw Imen

¯oäbmbn D]tbmKn¡m³ IgnbnÃ. [mcmfambn

D]tbmKn¡p¶ ‘shŸpÃn' BIs« th­{X

t]mjIhpanÃ. CXp ]mepXv]mZ\s¯ kmcambn

_m[n¨p. sImÀf¡«bnepw _\hmknbnepw Ipd

¨v tNmfw Irjn sN¿p¶p­v. F¶m t]mjI

KpWapÅ Cu tNmfs¨SnbpsS ImÞw ]ecpw

D]tbmKn¡p¶nÃ. NnecmIs« Ch hnfshSp¸n

\ptijw ]mS¯v Xs¶bn«v I¯n¡pIbpw sN

¿pw.

hncan¨ BIAF DtZymKØ\mb tUm. Pn. hn.

slKvsU ]dbp¶Xv I¶pImen XoäbpsS e`yX

ip`IcaÃm¯ AhØbnemsW¶mWv. CXnsâ

{][m\ ImcW§fnsem¶mIs« ImemhØm

hyXnbm\hpw. Cu {]tZis¯ a®v A¾mwiap

ÅXpw Pes¯ XSªp \ndp¯m³ tijnbnÃm

¯XpamWv. IW¡nÃm¯ h\\ioIcWw a®n

sâ Cu ta·bnÃmbva Iq«pIbpw sNbvXp. Imem

hØbnep­mb amäs¯ DÄs¡mÅp¶Xn\pth

­n Irjn coXnIfpw Ime§fmbn amdns¡m­ncn

¡p¶p.

`qcn`mKw I¶pImen IÀjIcpw t]mjI

KpWapÅ sdUnsabvUv Imen¯oäsb B{ibn

¡p¶p. Ch NnethdnbXmWv. Nne I¶pImen

Ifnse hÔyXbv¡pw Xz¡v tcmK§Ä¡pw Cu

sdUnsabvUv XoäbmWv ImcWsa¶ ktµl§

fpap­v. ChbpsSsbms¡ ^eambn I¶pImen

hfÀ¯en IÀjIÀ¡v XmXv]cyw Ipdªp.

Xmeq¡nsâ ]Snªmd³ taJebnse IÀjIcpsS

Imcy¯n CXv {]tXyIn¨pw icnbmWv. AtX

kabw Ing¡³ {]tZis¯ IÀjIÀ ]dbp¶Xv,

F{X Iãs¸«mepw I¶pImen hfÀ¯Â XpScp

sa¶mWv. IemkÅn {Kma¯nse Fw.BÀ.

slKvsU ]dbp¶Xv ImemhØm hyXnbm\w

aqew ag IpdªXmWv kzm`mhnIambpw hfcp¶

Imen¯oä ]pÃnsâ e`yX Ipdbm³ ImcWsa

11 \cknwl `«v Xsâ Calliandra tXm«- nÂ

¶mWv. adKp­n {Kma¯nse Znt\iv sN¶¸

\mbn ¡n\v A©v Holstein Friesians ]ip¡fpw c­v

Fcpa Ifpap­v. IGFRI, DHN F¶o ssl{_nUv

]pÃn\§ fpw Znt\iv sN¶¸ hfÀ¯p¶p­v.

Imen¯oä hmt§­n hcpsa¶Xn\m ag Ipd

bpt¼mÄ Nnethdpsa¶mWv At±lw ]dbp¶Xv.

tkm¬ {Kma¯nse atljv slKvsUbv¡v ]¯n

e[nIw k¦cbn\w I¶pImenIfp­v. {]IrXnZ

¯ambn hfcp¶ Imen¯oäbn At±lw B{i

bn¡p¶nÃ. ]Icw IGFRI- 1, IGFRI- 7 F¶o Xoä¸pÃv

atljv hfÀ¯p¶p. kz´w hmgt¯m«¯nse

hmg¸n­nbpw atljv ImenIÄ¡v sImSp¡p¶p

­v. hmg¡¶pw anI¨ Imen¯oäbmsW¶v atl

jn\dnbmw. IÀjI\mb _w¥n sh¦tSjv ]dbp

¶Xv {]IrXnZ¯amb Imen¯oäbn AfhnÂ

Ipdhnsænepw ]gbXp t]mse sshhn[yansÃ

¶mWv. ‘]mbv¡äv Xoäbnepw shŸpÃnepw DbÀ

¶ tXmXn IoS\min\n AS§nbn«p­v',- At±lw

]dbp¶p.

Im«n ]pÃv hfÀ¯p¶Xv as®men¸pw

XSbp¶p. a®nse _mjv]w \ne\ndp¯m\pw CXp

klmbn¡p¶p. IW¡nÃmsXbpÅ acw sh«Â

CeIÄ Imen¯oä¡mbn D]tbmKn¨ncp¶ ]e

ac§sfbpw hwi\mi¯nte¡v XÅnbn«n«p­v.

ImemhmØm hyXnbm\hpw I¶pImen

hfÀ¯en AXp­m¡nb amähpw `qanbnse kIeXns\bpw {]XnIqeambn

_m[n¨ ImemhØm hyXnbm\w Gähpw tZmj

Icambn _m[n¨Xv IrjnsbbmWv. ]c¼cmKX

ambn \½psS IÀjIÀ Irjnsbbpw I¶pImen

hfÀ¯ens\bpw thdn«v ImWm¯hcmWv. Imem

hØm hyXnbm\hpambn s]mcp¯s¸Sm³ Imew

\ÂInb Adnhpw AhÀ¡p­v. {]tXyIn¨pw

knÀkn Xmeq¡v taJebnse I¶pImen hfÀ

¯en ]e amä§fpap­mbn. kzm`mhnIambn

hfcp¶ DbÀ¶ KpWta·bpÅ Imen¯oäbnÂ

Ipdhp­mbn. I¶pImenIÄ¡v tabm³ CSanÃm

XmbXv Imeo¯oä apgph\mbpw hmt§­nhcp¶

AhØbnse¯n¡pIbpw CXp I¶pImen hfÀ

¯ensâ Nnehv hÀ²n¸n¡pIbpw sNbvXp. Irjn

¡mbn ‘]e ssIIÄ' D­mbncp¶ Iq«pIpSpw_

§Ä A{]Xy£ambn. AWpIpSpw_§Ä IqSn.

I¶pImen hfÀ¯en Bhiyamb ImbnIm[zm

\w \S¯m³ bphXeapd X¿mdÃ. IÀjI sXmgn

emfnIfpsS F®w Ipdªp. s]mXpth I¶pImen

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tijn Ipdbp¶Xpw tcmK§fpw KWyamb tXmXn

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12

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Xsâ \mev k¦cbn\w I¶pImenIÄ¡v sImSp

¡p¶Xv. Hmtcm ]iphn\pw Znhkhpw 10-----15 Intem

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AXn\m Xs¶ {io[dn\p XmXv]cyhpap­v. aäp

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a¯nse `oa¸ Nuf \mbnIv BIs« Xsâ hoSn

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Calliandra calothyrsus F¶ ap´nbbn\w Imen¯oä

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s\¸mS§fn CS¡rjn sN¿m\mIpw.

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\«m Ah Imen¯oäbmbn {]tbmP\s¸Spw.

13

Imen- oä \pdp-¡m-\pÅ D]-I-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶Xv ]mgvs¨-ehv CÃm-Xm-¡m³ km[n¡pw

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em¡Ww.

I¶pImen hfÀ¯en\v Bhiyamb D]

IcW§fmb {_jv I«À, {]jÀ hmjÀ, tNm¸À

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ta³a sa¨s¸Sp¯m³ Bhiyamb amÀ¤§Ä

kzoIcn¡Ww. arKmtcmKy tkh\¯nsâ Imcy

£aXbpw thKXbpw hÀ²n¸n¡Ww. I¶pImen

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 ]dbp¶ t]mse ‘AInSnt\¡mÄ ]mepÅXv

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cysa¶À°w. ]e IÀjIÀ¡pw sNdnb tXmXn

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­v. anXamb hnebn CXn\p th­ hn¯pIÄ

AhÀ¡v e`yam¡Ww. {]mtZinIambn Imen¯oä

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¶XmWv.

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fp¸¯n e`yam¡Ww. ]m tiJcW Ubdn

(IÀWmSI an¡v s^Utdjsâ IogoepÅXv)

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kv{XoIÄ¡v CXp t{]mÕml\amhpIbpw AhÀ

km¼¯nIambn imàoIcn¡s¸SpIbpw sN¿pw.

I¶pImen hfÀ¯en AhÀ¡v IqSpX XmXv]

cyap­mIm³ CXp]Icn¡pw. XmXv]cyapÅ IÀ

jIÀ¡v sXmgp¯v \nÀ½n¡m³ hmbv] \ÂIWw.

BhiyapÅ FÃm IÀjIcnte¡pw CsX¯Ww.

Hmtcm {Kma¯nsebpw Ipd¨p Øew ]pÂtaSp

Ifmbn ASbmfs¸Sp¯Ww. Irjns¡m¸w hr£

§Ä \Sp¶Xpw ImSns\m¸w ]pÂtaSpIÄ hfÀ

¯p¶Xpw t{]mÕmln¸n¡pIbpw ]n´pWbv¡p

Ibpw thWw. ImSv ssIt¿dp¶Xv Ahkm\n¸n

¡Ww.

14

Different fodder breed Condition Breed Irrigation Hybrid Napier, Gini, Centroseema, Ciratro, Hedge loosern Rain-fed PerrinealSorgham, Brakeria(signal), Rodes, StylosanthusScabra Drought resistant StyloScabra, SiratroBakeria, StylosanthusHemata Saline water Rodes, Desmonthus Non-shade Rodes Dry land StylosanthusScabra, StylosanthusGynensis Acidic soil Ciratro, Desmonthus, StylosanthusScabra, StylosanthusGynensis Alkaline soil Rodes Saline soil Para Shaded area Centroseema, Grazing gini Heavy Rainfall Centroseems, StylosanthusGynensis All soil types Desmonthus, Ciratro Uneven land Grazing gini, Stylosanthus varieties Kitchen garden Gini, Hybrid Napier Forestland Stylosanthus varieties Farm Stylosanthus varieties, Gini, Hybrid Napier Thin forest land Syncrus Areca farm Para, Congo Signal Live fence Glirisidia, Caliandra, Subabul, Hibiscus, Furaria, Velvet Beans

ssPhhmXI- kutcmÀÖ bqWnäpIÄ

Ffp¸¯n Øm]n¡m³ Ignbp¶ Xc¯nem

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I¶pImen hfÀ¯ens\ t{]mÕmln¸n¡pw.

ap´nbbn\w I¶pImenIÄ¡v C³jzd³kv ]cnc

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bpÅ ImeXmakw ta¸dª Imcy§Äs¡m

s¡ Hgnhm¡Ww. I¶pImen hfÀ¯ens\¡p

dn¨v ]c¼mcmKXambpÅ Adnhv th­ Xc¯nÂ

]Tn¡pIbpw tUmIypsaâv sN¿pIbpw thWw.

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cW¯n Øm\w \evIWw. CXv {Kma ]©mb

¯v Xe¯n \S¯m³ Ignbpw. DW§nbXpw

hc­Xpamb {]tZihpw CXn\p]tbmKn¡mhp¶

XmWv. {]mtZinI Huj[§fpsSbpw I¶pImen

Isf NnInÕn¡m³ D]tbmKn¡p¶ Huj[kky

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\S¯Ww. C¯cw AdnhpIÄ Nn«bmbn tiJcn

¡m³ Hcp imkv{Xobamb ]T\w \S¯Ww. Imen

¯oä \ãw hcp¶Xv XSbm³ A[nIw hcp¶

Imen¯oä kq£n¡m\pw kwkvIcn¡m\papÅ

coXnIÄ {]Ncn¸n¡Ww. Xo{h ImemhØ aqeap

­mIp¶ ImentcmK§sf¡pdn¨pÅ hnhc§Ä

FÃm Xe¯nte¡pw {]Ncn¸n¡Ww.

hcĨbn I¶pImen kwc£W¯n\v

{]tXyI {]m[m\yw \ÂIWw. I¶pImenIfnÂ

]IÀ¨ hym[nIÄs¡XnscbpÅ hmIv-knt\j³

FSp¡m³ IÀjIÀ ap³ssIsbSp¡Ww. Xt±io

b C\§sf t{]mÕmln¸n¡Ww. ]mepXv]mZ\w

IpdhmsW¦nepw NqSnt\mSpw Xo{h ImemhØ

tbmSpw Ahbv¡v AXoh {]Xntcm[tijnbp­v.

Xoäbpw Ahbv¡v Ipd¨p aXnbmIpw. icn¡pw

\ap¡v Xt±iobambn H¶m´cw Fcpabn\§

fp­v. imkv{XÚÀ {i²m]qÀhw hnhn[ C\

§fpsS Iq«n tbmPn¸n¨pÅ {]P\\¯neqsS Xt±

iob C\§sf hnIkn¸n¡Ww.

Bibiliography: 1. Carbon Sequestration in Soils of Different Land Use System in Sirsi Taluka of Uttara Kannada District Through Geo-Informatics Approach. Available from: http://www.researchgate.net/publication/269994562_Carbon_Sequestration_in_Soils_of_Different_Land_Use_System_in_Sirsi_Taluka_of_Uttara_Kannada_District_Through_Geo-Informatics_Approach [accessed Oct 13, 2015]. 2. Climate Change and Biodiversity, Edition: First, Chapter: Chapter 9, Publisher: Springer Japan, Editors: M. Singh et al, pp.113-122 https://books.google.co.in/books?id=Zi5iCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA184&lpg=PA184&dq=impact+of+climate+change+on+feeding+pattern+of+animals&source=bl&ots=A4l_M http://www.academia.edu/10083382/Impact_of_Climate_Change_on_Livestock_Production_A_Review http://agricoop.nic.in/Climatechange/ccr/files/Indian%20Livestock%20and%20Climate%20Change,%202004.pdf http://www.cibtech.org/J-Innovative-Research-Review/Publications/2014/Vol-2-No-4/19-JIRR-020-SANDEEP-MITIGATION.pdf 3. ICAR Policy series, No16, May 2012

15

4. Indian grassland and fodder research institute, Regional research station dharwad –Training manual 5. International Journal of Innovative Research and Review ISSN: 2347 – 4424 (Online) An Online International Journal Available at http://www.cibtech.org/jirr.htm 2014 Vol. 2 (4) October-December, pp.124-144

6. Reddy and Rao Research Article © Copyright 2014 | Centre for Info Bio Technology (CIBTech) 133. 7. Rani, S. S. JIVA, Vol. 10 Issue 3 December 2012 61-65. 8. Sherman, D.M. 2010. A Global Veterinary medical Perspective on the concept of one health: Focus on livestock. ILAR Journal. 51(3): 281- 287.

Ganesh Hegde can be contacted at g.hegdevet@gmail.com

16

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h³ A\p`hn¨psIm­ncn¡pIbmWv. Hcp `mK¯v

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sIscbn ImWmw.

\ne¡Se BtKmf Xe¯n BtKmf Xe¯n {]m[m\yapÅ \mWy

hnfIfpsS Iq«¯n Bdmw Øm\amWv \ne¡S

ebv¡v. NÃsIscbnse IÀjIÀ¡v AXp `£W

hpw hcpam\hpw hyhkmbhpw \mWyhnfbpam

Wv. \ne¡Sebn 48 apX 50 iXam\w hsc

F®bpw 26 apXÂ 28 iXam\w hsc ss\{SP\p

ap­v. \mcpIfm kar²amb \ne¡Sebn a\p

jy icoc¯n\mhiyamb ]e t]mjI§fpw AS

§nbn«p­v. temI¯v Xs¶ 26.4 Zie£w slÎ

dn \ne¡Se¡rjn sN¿p¶p. temI `£y, ImÀ

jnI bpWnb³ 2003-se dnt¸mÀ«v {]Imcw BtKm

fXe¯nse \ne¡Se DXv]mZ\w 37.10 Zie£w

S®pw icmicn hnfhv slÎdn\p 14 IznâepamWv.

sam¯w DXv]mZ\¯nsâ 94 iXam\hpw hnIkzc

cmPy§fnemWv. F¶m hnfhv Hmtcm cmPy¯pw

kwØm\¯pw {]tZi¯pw hyXymks¸«ncn¡p

¶p.

DjvW taJe hnf agsb B{ibn¨pw PetkN\¯neqsSbpw

\ne¡Se Irjn sN¿mdp­v. F¶m IqSpXepw

agsb B{ibn¨mWv Irjn. C´ybn Cu Irjn

¡v Gähpw A\ptbmPyamb kabw th\¡me

hpw ImehÀjhpamWv. Gähpw A\ptbmPyamb

Xm]\ne icmicn 25 Un{Kn skÂjykv apXÂ 30

Un{Kn skÂjykv hsc. 35 Un{Kn skÂjykn\v

apIfnepÅ Xm]\ne hnfsb {]XnIqeambn_m[n

¡pw.

"a¬kq¬ (ImehÀjw) Imes¯ aqSn

s¡«nb ImemhØ hnfbnse IoSm{IaWs¯

t{]mÕmln¸nt¨¡mw. Xm]\ne IpdhmsW¦nÂ

apf hcp¶Xv sshIpw. AtXkabw Xm]\ne

XpSÀ¨bmbn aq¶v Znhkw 18 Un{Kn skÂjy

tkm AXn IqSpXtem BsW¦n hnXbv¡p¶

Xns\ AXp klmbn¡psa¶v _ºÀ A{KnIÄ

¨d dntkÀ¨v C³Ìnäyq«nse tPmbnâv UbdÎÀ

N{µ¸ ]dbp¶p.

Hcp {]tZi¯nsâ `qanimkv{X]camb InS

¸mWv AXnsâ Xm]\ne \nÀWbn¡p¶sX¦nepw

aghnfIfpsS hnXbv¡Â \nÝbn¡p¶Xv agbpsS

e`yXbmWv. IÀWmSI, a[y{]tZiv, KpPdm¯v,

cmPØm³, almcm{ã, B\v-{[ {]tZiv F¶o

kwØm\§fmWv C´ybn \ne¡Se DXv]mZ\

¯n ap¶nÂ.

ImemhØm hyXnbm\hpw Ipdbp¶ DXv

]mZ\hpw a¬kq¬ Imes¯ ag e`yXbnse hyXn

bm\w \ne¡Se DXv]mZ\w Ipdbm³ ImcWam

Ip¶p­v. 1990--þ2000 kab v IÀWmSIbn Ime

17

hÀj e`yX Ipdhmbncp¶p. Cu ImebfhnÂ

\ne¡Se hnfhv IpdbpIbpw XpSÀ¶v \ne¡Se

Irjn sNbvXncp¶ Øe¯n t]mepw Ipdhp-

­mhpIbpw sNbvXXmbn ImÀjnI tcJIÄ

]dbp¶p. 1980- 18.98 e£w G¡dn \ne¡Se

Irjn sNbvXncp¶p. 1990-Â CXv 29.85 e£w

G¡dnte¡v hym]n¨p. F¶m 2000-¯n CXv 26

e£w F¡dmbn Ipdªp.

\mWy hnfbpw hcĨm _m[nX PnÃbpw Nn{XZpÀK PnÃbn Ggv D]PnÃIÄ (Xmeq

¡pIÄ) D­v. ]IpXn {]tZihpw (GItZiw aq¶v

D]PnÃIfnÂ) ae{¼tZis¯ ImemhØbmWp

ÅXv. aäv D]PnÃIfn Xd\nc¸mb {]tZi§fn

se, Ipdª ag e`n¡p¶, `q{]IrXnbmWpÅXv-.

hÀj¯nepS\ofw hc­ ImehØbmWv. PnÃbp

sS 9.55 iXam\¯n am{XamWv h\apÅXv. Chn

sS ag e`yXbpsS tXmXv 380 anÃn aoäÀ apX 550

anÃn aoäÀ hscbmWv. ImehÀj¯n\p tijapÅ

kab¯mWv ChnsS IqSpXepw ag e`n¡p¶Xv.

ag e`yX Xmeq¡pIÄ tXmdpw hyXymks¸«ncn

¡pw. PetkN\ t{kmXÊpIsfm¶pw e`yaÃ.

PnÃbpsS `qcn`mKw {]tZihpw hc­XmWv. agsb

B{ibn¨pÅ IrjnbmWv Ignª Hcp \qäm­m

bn ChnsS \ne\nev¡p¶Xv.

hnfIÄ Nn{XZpÀKbn {][m\ambpw Irjn sN¿p

¶ `£y hnfIÄ ap¯mdnbpw, s\Ãpw tPmhdp

amWv. ChnsS hfÀ¯p¶ hymhkmbnI {]m[m\y

apÅ hnfIÄ ]cp¯nbpw \ne¡Sebpw. Ignª

]¯v ]{´­v hÀjambn khmfbpw ]¨apfIpw

hym]Iambn Irjn sN¿p¶p. F¶m Irjn `qan

bpsS 80.37 iXam\hpw \ne¡SebmWv hnfbn

¡p¶Xv. NÃsIsc, samfIÂapcp, lncnbpÀ F¶o

Xmeq¡pIfn \ne¡Se Irjn¡v A\ptbmPy

amb Nph¶ a®mWpÅXv. {][m\ambpw agsb

B{ibn¨mWv ChnsS \ne¡Se Irjn sb¦nepw

Ipg InWdn \n¶pÅ shÅhpw D]tbmKn

¡mdp­v. sNdpInS¡mcpw h³InS¡mcpw AS§p

¶XmWv ChnSps¯ IÀjIÀ.

NÃs¡sc Xmeq¡nse \ne¡Se Irjn \ne¡Sebpw kqcyIm´nbpw km^vfh

dpw DĸsSbpÅ ]eXcw F®¡pcp¡Ä ChnsS

Irjn sN¿p¶p­v. GXm­v ]IpXn `q{]tZi

¯pw (50.06%) \ne¡Se IrjnbmWv sN¿p¶Xv.

ChnSps¯ \ne¡Se IrjnbpsS hnPb¯n\v

{][m\ ImcWambn ImÀjnI hnZKv²À Nq­n¡m

Wn¡p¶ Imcyw a®nsâ KpWta·bmWv. aWep

IeÀ¶XmWv ChnSps¯ a®v. CXp shÅw

hens¨Sp¡pIbpw CuÀ¸w \ne\ndp¯pIbpw sN

¿pw. ImÀ_¬ ssU HmIvsskUns\ Ffp¸¯n

 IS¯nhnSpIbpw sN¿p¶ Cu a®v ag hnfI

fpsS anI¨ hfÀ¨ kpKaam¡p¶p.

NÃsIsc Xmeq¡n GXm­v 90,000

slÎdn I¸e­n Irjn sN¿p¶p­v. "Ignª

Hcp ]Xnäm­mbn icmicn e`n¡p¶ agbpsS

Afhv IpdhmWv. C¡mebfhn c­p hÀjw

am{Xta \ne¡Se Irjn¡v A\ptbmPyamb tXm

Xn ag e`n¨pÅq. kpe`ambn ag e`n¨Xv Imc

Ww 2008 Â H¶m´cw hnfhv e`n¨p', Irjn Hm^o

kÀ kv]qÀ¯n ]dbp¶p. hnXbv¡pt¼mgpw ]pjv

¸n¡p¶ L«¯nepamWv ag {][m\ambpw Bh

iyambn hcp¶Xv. KpWta·bpÅ hnfhv e`n¡m

³ CXv klmbn¡pw. KpWta·bpÅ hnfhv e`n

¨m ASp¯ hnXbv¡en\v KpW ta·bpÅ hn

¯pw Dd¸n¡mw. "PetkN\ amÀ¤§Ä D]tbmKn

¨v Irjn sNbvX IÀjIÀ agsb B{ibn¨pÅ

Irjn¡v th­n Cu hn¯pIÄ kq£n¨v hbv

¡pw. A§s\ c­p Xc¯nepÅ Irjnbnepw

AhÀ KpWta· Dd¸m¡pw' kv]qÀ¯n Iq«nt¨À

¡p¶p.

\ne¡Sebnse {][m\ C\§Ä hffnt]mse ]SÀ¶p hfcp¶Xpw Ipäns¨

Sn t]msebpffXpamb c­n\§fmWv ap¶v Zim

_vZw ap¼v apXÂ Irjn sNbvXncp¶Xv. \ne¡Se

]cn¸v hnfshSp¯ CeIfpw X­pw Imen¯oä

bmbn D]tbmKn¡p¶p. F¶m ag e`yX Ipd

ªXpw ImemhØm hyXnbm\hpw ]SÀ¶p

hfcp¶ C\s¯ {]XnIqeambn _m[n¨p. CXnÂ

\n¶pÅ hnfhv {ItaW Ipdbm³ XpS§n. I¶p

ImenIfpsS F®hpw ]Xnsb Ipdªp h¶p.

]SÀ¶p hfcp¶ C\¯n F®bpsS Awiw

IpdhmsW¶v IÀjIÀ ]dbp¶p. "hr¯nbm¡p

¶Xpw DW¡p¶Xpw F®bm«nsbSp¡p¶Xpw

{iaIcamb tPmenbmsW¶Xn\m IqSpXÂ

sXmgnemfnIfpw ]SÀ¶p hfcp¶ C\¯nsâ hnf

shSp¸n\v Bhiyambn hcp¶p. F¶m Ipäns¨

Sn C\¯nsâ hnfshSp¯m kwkvIcn¡p¶Xv

hsc Ffp¸amWv. hnfhpw Xr]vXnIcamWv. F®

bpw {Io¸À C\t¯¡mÄ IqSpXep­v. AXn\mÂ

`pcn`mKw IÀjIcpw Ct¸mÄ Ipäns¨Sn C\amWv

Irjn sN¿p¶Xv.’ NÃsIsc Xmeq¡v s_m½km

{Ô {Kma¯nse IÀjI³ hotcjv ]dbp¶p.

Xsâ Btd¡À IrjnbnS¯n Ignª 20 hÀj

ambn \ne¡Se Irjn sN¿pIbmWv hotcjv.

IÀjIcpsS XmXv]cyw Ipäns¨Sn C\

¯nsâ ]cn¸v aäv ]e hnfIsfbpw t]mse _lp-D]tbm

KamWv Ipäns¨Sn C\¯n\papÅXv. hnfshSp¸n\v

tijw CXnsâ imJIÄ Imen¯oäbmbn D]

tbmKn¡p¶p. F® thÀXncns¨Sp¯v, tijn¡p

¶ `mKw sIm­v Nne km[\§Ä DXv]mZn¸n¡m

dp­v. ]cn¸nsâ hc­ ]pdwtXmSv hfap­m¡m

\pw D]tbmKn¡p¶p. hn¯pIfnse F®bpsS

AwiamWv Cu C\¯nsâ {][m\ khntijX.

18

s_m½-km-{µ-bn-epÅ Xsâ \ne-¡-Se tXm«- n hotcjv

ag Ipdªmepw IqSnbmepw Xm]\nebn hyXn

bm\ap­mIpt¼mgpw \Ã hnfhv e`n¡psa¶Xm

Wv asämcp {]tXyIX. "IÀjIÀ¡v KpWIcamb

C¯cw khntijXIÄ aqeamWv Cu C\¯n\v

C{Xta {]oXn e`n¨Xpw {Io¸À C\¯n\v ]Icw

CXp]tbmKn¡m³ XpS§nbXpw.’ asämcp IÀjI

\mb _khcmPp ]dbp¶p.

\ne¡Se CS¡rjn ap³Ime¯v \ne¡Se {][m\ hnfbpw

aäp [m\y§Ä CS¡rjnbpambncp¶p. \hW, F

Åv, Xphc ]cn¸v, Ipän]bÀ, sNdp]bÀ XpS§nb

hbmWv CS¡rjn sNbvXncp¶Xv. Htcm \mev,

Bdv, ]{´­v \ne¡Se sNSn\ncIfpsS CSbnem

bncp¶p Cu hnfIÄ Irjn sNbvXncp¶Xv. aän\w

sNdp[m\y§fpw AXnÀ¯n sNSnIfmbn \«ncp

¶p. Cu CShnfIÄ hn¡p¶Xnt\¡mfp]cn

IÀjIcpsS kz´w Bhiy¯n\mWv D]tbmKn¨n

cp¶Xv. Irjn sN¿m³ Ffp¸apÅ ‘]Whnf'Ifm

bmWv IÀjIÀ¡nSbn CXv Adnbs¸«ncp¶Xv-.

Cu CShnfIÄ IoSm{IaW¯nsâ tZmj^e¯n

 \n¶v {][m\hnfsb kwc£n¡psa¶pw ]cnN

b k¼¶cmb IÀjIÀ ]dbp¶p. Cu CShnf

IÄ ]£nIsf BIÀjn¡pIbpw Ah IoS§sf

sIm¯nsbSp¡pIbpw sN¿pw.

F¶m Ignª Ipd¨p hÀj§fmbn

IÀjIÀ Cu CShnf Irjn {ItaW Dt]£n¨p.

CShnf¡rjn¡v IqSpXÂ sXmgnemfnIÄ Bhiy

amWv. IÀjI sXmgnemfnIfpsS ZuÀe`yhpw ag

e`yXbnse hyXnbm\hpw hc­ ImemhØbpw

CS¡rjn hnfhns\ {]XnIqeambn _m[n¨p.

{][m\ hnfbpsS t]mjW§Ä CShnfIÄ hen

s¨Sp¡p¶psh¶pw AXn\m Hcp hnf am{Xw

Irjn sN¿p¶Xv IqSpXÂ hnfhv \ÂIpsa¶pw

IÀjIÀ IcpXp¶p. Hcphnf Irjn coXnbnte¡v

amdnb BZy hÀj§fn \à DXv]mZ\w e`n¨n

cp¶p. Ipd¨v sXmgnemfnIÄ aXnbmbncp¶p F¶

Xn\m AXv kuIcy{]Zhpambncp¶p. F¶mÂ

c­p aq¶v hÀj§Ä¡v tijw Cu coXn¡v

IqSpXÂ hfhpw IoS\min\nbpw Bhiyambn h

¶p. IoS§Ä ]eXc¯nepw IqSpXepambn. Hnf

hpw Ipdbm³ XpS§n. "CsXms¡bmsW¦nepw

IÀjIÀ \ne¡Se Irjnbn Hcp hnf coXn

Xs¶ XpScp¶psh¶v, _ºÀ At{Km dnkÀ¨v

skâdnse imkv{XÚ\pw tPmbnâv UbdIvdp

amb N{µ¸ ]dbp¶p.

ImemhØm hyXnbm\hpw em`\ã§fpw Hcphnf, CShnfIrjn coXnIÄ ]n´pScp

t¼mÄ \ne¡Se IrjnbpsS DXv]mZ\¯nÂ

D­mIp¶ hyXymkw IÀjIÀ¡v thÀXncn¨v

Adnbm\mIpw. apXnÀ¶ IÀjIÀ Cu hyXmkw

ASnhcbn«v ]dbp¶p. s_m½km{µbnse hotcjv

Ignª ]¯v hÀjambn \ne¡Se Hcphnf Irjn

Bbn«mWv sN¿p¶Xv. "Fsâ AÑsâ Ime v

Htc¡dn 40 Nm¡v \ne¡Se e`n¡pambncp¶p.

Hmtcm Nm¡nepw 20 Intem hoXw. Ct¸mÄ {][m\

ambpw ag e`yXbnse hyXnbm\w aqew hnftcmK

§fpw IoS§fpw hÀ²n¨p. a®nsâ ^e`pbnãn

Ipdªp. Ct¸mÄ Htc¡dn\v Iãn¨v 20 Nm¡v

\ne¡Sesb e`n¡q. Hmtcm Nm¡nepamIs« ]¯v

Intem hoXta hnfhp­mIq’, hotcjv ]dbp¶p.

"ap³Ime§fn Hmtcm sNSn¡pw 42 ]pdt´mSv D-

­mIpambncp¶p. Hmtcm hn¯pw anI¨Xmbncp¶p.

ag e`n¡p¶Xnse hyXmkw FÃmw amän adn¨p.

Ct¸mÄ Hcp sNSn¡v Iãn¨v 20 tXmSpIÄ am{X

tabpÅq. IqSpXÂ hn¯pIfpw Idp¯Xpw Xosc

sNdpXpw s]mÅbmbXpamWv. F¦nepw Irjn C

t¸mgpw \ãaÃ’- hotcjnsâ Aѳ CucÖ

F¶ apXnÀ¶ IÀjI³ ]dbp¶p.

]ckv]c ]qcIamb {]hÀ¯\§Ä ImemhØm hyXnbm\¯n\p]pdta ]e

kmaqlnI LSI§fpw hnf ^es¯ _m[n¨n

«p­v. IÀjIÀ CXv Xncn¨dnbp¶pap­v. F¶mÂ

Bcpw Hcp _ZÂ amÀKw XncsªSp¡m³ Hcp¡

aÃXm\pw. Hcp ]Xnäm­v ap¼v hsc c­p hoSp

Ifnsem¶n I¶pImenbpw BSpw tImgnhfÀ

¯epw D­mbncp¶p. IrjnbnS§fn hf¯n\p

£maanÃmbncp¶p. hfsc Ipdt¨ cmkhfw hm

t§­n hcpambncp¶pÅq. Irjn¡v Bhiyamb

19 PK-Zojv Xsâ \ne-¡-Se tXm«- nÂ

aäv hkvXp¡sfm¶pw ]pdta \n¶v hm§msXbm

Wv G¡dp IW¡n\v \ne¡Se Irjn sNbvXncp

¶Xv. Iq«pIpSpw_¯nse Hmtcm AwKhpw Irjn

bpambn _Ôs¸«ncp¶p. Ct¸mÄ Hcp ho«nepw

I¶pImenbpw BSpanÃ. agbpsS Afhv IpdªXv

apew Ipg InWdnepw shÅanÃmXmbn. KpWta

·bpÅ hn¯v In«m³ {]bmkambn.

bphm¡Ä ITn\m[zm\w sN¿m³ X¿mdm

Ip¶nÃ. hn¯v, hfw, sXmgnemfn, hnfshSp¸v

FÃm¯n\pw ]Ww Nnehm¡Ww. ap³Ime¯v

hnfhv IqSpXembncp¶psh¶v hotcjv ]dbpt¼m

Ä CucÖ AXns\ efnXhXvIcn¡p¶p-. "\ne

¡Se Hcp henb hnfbmWv. AXn \n¶v \Ã

hnfhv e`n¡pt¼mÄ IÀjIÀ¡v e£§Ä In«pw.

e£§fnsænepw Bbnc§Ä Dd¸mbpw e`n

¡pw. \qdp Intem hn¯n\v Iznâep IW¡n\mWv

^ew. hcĨ t]mepÅ Gähpw {]XnIqe kml

Ncy¯n t]mepw, FÃm IpSp_mwK§fpw Irjn

bnS¯n ]WnsbSp¯mÂ, Ipds¨¦nepw hcpam

\w e`n¡pw. C§s\ ]WnsbSp¡p¶Xv sIm­m

Wv R§Ä¡v Btd¡dn \ne¡Se Irjn sN

¿m³ km[n¡p¶Xv'.

amdp¶ kmaqlnI LS\ \ne¡Sbn hnfhv Ipdbm³ ImcWw CS

Irjn k{¼Zmbw Ahkm\n¸n¨XmsW¶v asämcp

imkv{XÚ\mb tUm. IpamÀ \mbn¡v ]dbp¶p.

I¶pImenbpw BSpw tImgnbpw hfÀ¯nbncp¶

IÀjIÀ cmkhfw B{ibn¨ncp¶nÃ. ac§fpsS

CeIfmWv AhÀ hfambn D]tbmKn¨ncp¶Xv.

CXp aqew Irjn em`IcamIp¶ Xc¯n hnfhv

IqSpXepw Nnehv Ipdhpambncp¶p. "cmkhf¯n

sâbpw IoS\min\nbpsSbpw D]tbmKw a®nsâ

KpWta·sb {]XnIqeambn _m[n¨p. a®n\nt¸m

Ä CuÀ¸w \ne\ndp¯m\pÅ tijn Ipdªp.

AXnt\¡mfp]cn bphm¡Ä¡v Irjnbn XmXv]

cyanÃmXmbn. sNdnb IpSpw_§Ä¡v IqSpXÂ

]Ww IÀjI sXmgnemfnIÄ¡v th­n Nnehgn

t¡­n hcp¶p', tKm]\lÅnbnse PKZojv ]d

bp¶p. _ncpZ[mcnbmb PKZojv Xsâ Ft«¡À

IrjnbnS¯n sXmgnemfnIsf h¨v IpSpw_mw

K§fpsS klmbw CÃmsXbmWv ]WnsbSp¡p

¶Xv. asämcp hcpam\amÀ¤ambn PKZojv Xp¶epw

sN¿p¶p­v.

imkv{Xobamb ImcW§Ä "1960\pw -80\pw CSbn cmPy¯pS\ofw

hnfIfpsS LS\bn amäap­mbn. It¼mf

tI{µoIrXamb, IqSpXÂ hnfhv In«p¶ hnfIÄ

¡mbn ap³Xq¡w. F¶m Cu amä¯nsâ ]cn

WnX^es¯¡pdn¨v Bcpw Nn´n¨nÃ. PetkN\

amÀK§sf B{ibn¨v Irjn sNbvXncp¶hsc

ImemhØm hyXnbm\w Imcyambn _m[n¨nÃ.

agsb B{ibn¨v Irjn sNbvXncp¶hscbmWv

_m[n¨Xv--' imkv{XÚ\mb tUm. ]n BÀ. tij

Kncn ]dbp¶p. ImemhØbpw \ne¡Se Irjn

bpsS hnfhpw X½nepÅ _Ôs¯¡pdn¨v shfn

¨w hoip¶XmWv At±lw \S¯nb ka{Kamb

imkv{Xob ]T\§Ä. "agbpw hnfhpw B\p]mXn

20

Iambncp¶nÃ. Cu s]mcp¯t¡Sv Gähpa[nIw

ImWs¸«Xv \ne¡Se IrjnbnemWv.’ NÃs¡sc

t]mse {][m\ambpw \ne¡Se Irjn sN¿p¶

{]tZi§fn ImemhØm hyXnbm\w aqeapÅ

amäw At±lw A]{KYn¨n«p­v. "AXv \½psS

\nb{´W¯n\pw A¸pdamWv. agbpsS amdnb

LS\bv¡\pkcn¨v Irjn sNt¿­nbncn¡p¶p'.

At±lw ]dbp¶p. IÀjIÀ agsb¡pdn¨v am{X

amWv ]dbp¶Xv. a®nsâ KpWta·bpw Ipdªn

cn¡p¶p. a®n ssPh hkvXp¡Ä H¶pw Xs¶

bnÃ. CXp aqew \\hv ]nSn¨p \ndp¯m\pÅ ti

jnbpw Ipdªp. \ne¡SebpsS hnfhv \nÀWbn

¡p¶Xn agbpsSbpw a®nsâbpw LSI§Ä¡v

{]m[m\yap­v. a®nsâ KpWta· DbÀ¯msX

IrjnbnS§fn shÅw XSªp \ndp¯m\mInÃ.

a®nsâ ASn¯«nse \\hv hÀ[n¸n¡p¶XnÂ

IÀjIÀ {i²bq¶Ww. Cu \\hnsâ tXmXv

A\pkcn¨mbncn¡Ww hnf Xocpam\nt¡­Xv’, tUm. tijKncn \nÀt±in¡p¶p.

F® anÃpIÄ AS¨p]q«n \ne¡Se Irjnbnse hnfhv IpdªXv

CXv AkwkvIrX hkvXphmbn D]tbmKn¨ncp¶

hyhkmb§sfbpw _m[n¨p. F®anÃpIÄ \S

¯nbhcpw AhnSps¯ sXmgnemfnIfpw CXv

{]XnIqeambn _m[n¨hcn DÄs¸Sp¶p. \ne¡

Se IrjnbpsS kphÀW Ime v F® anÃpIÄ

NÃsIscbn IqWqIÄ t]mse hfÀ¶ncp¶p.

Cu F®aä anÃpIÄ ImcWw NÃs¡scsb

‘tOm«m t_mws_' F¶mWv Hcp Ime¯v hnfn¨n

cp¶Xv. anI¨ \ne¡Se DXv]mZ\w hymhkmbnI

tI{µam¡n NÃs¡scsb amän. 1985\pw 1995\pw

CSbn NÃs¡scbn GXm­v 100 F® anÃp

IÄ D­mbncp¶p. lncnbqÀ, ]mhv-KU, samfIÂ-

apcp Xmeq¡pIfnepw \sÃmcp iXam\w \ne¡Se

IÀjIcp­mbncp¶p. \Ã hnfhp­mbncp¶Xv

aqew anÃpIÄ \à coXnbn {]hÀ¯n¡p¶p­m

bncp¶p. \ne¡Sebv¡v \Ã hne In«nbncp¶Xv

aqew IÀjIÀ IqSpXÂ em`w tamln¨p. CS¡r

jn coXn AhÀ Dt]£n¡pIbpw IqSpXÂ em`

¯n\mbn \ne¡Se am{Xw Irjn sN¿pIbpw

sNbvXp. cmkhfw D]tbmKn¡pt¼mÄ IqSpXÂ

hnfhv e`n¡psa¶Xn\m IÀjIÀ AXn\p

]ndtI t]mbn. IrjnbnS¯n Xs¶ e`yambn

cp¶ NmWIw, B«n³ ImjvTw, ]¨neIÄ F¶o

hf§Ä Dt]£n¡s¸«p. tKmaq{X¯n \n¶pÅ

IoS\min\nbpw Bcpw DXv]mZn¸n¡msXbmbn.

IÀjIÀ ]Sn]Snbmbn cmkhf Irjnbnte¡v

amdn. a®nsâ ^e`pbnãn \ãamIm³ XpS§n.

hnfhv IqSpXembncps¶¦nepw DXv]mZ\ Nnehpw

IqSn. CXp ImcWw em`hpw hepXmbn IqSnbnÃ.

"ImemhØm hyXnbm\w, agbpsS e`yX

¡pdhv, cmkhf {]tbmKw F¶nh hnfhv Ipdbm

³ ImcWambn. F®anÃpIÄ Hmtcm¶mbn ]q«m³

XpS§n. AtXkab¯mWv kqcyIm´n F®bpw

]mtambnepw It¼mf¯nse¯m³ XpS§nbXv.

Nne IÀjIÀ Cu F®¡pcp¡Ä Irjn sN¿m³

XpS§n. \ne¡Se F®bpsS It¼mfw XIÀ¶p',

NÃs¡scbn F®an \S¯nbncp¶ _kh

cmPp ]dbp¶p. Bbnc¡W¡n\v t]À¡v Cu

anÃpIÄ sXmgn \ÂInbncp¶p. [mcmfw IÀj

IÀ AhcpsS D]Poh\¯n\v th­n Cu anÃp

Isf B{ibn¨ncp¶p. GXm­v 12,000 t]À Cu

anÃpIfn ]¯v hÀj¯n tPmen sNbvXncp¶p

F¶mWv IW¡v. "Cu anÃpIfn tPmen sNbvXn

cp¶hÀ sXmgn tXSn \Kc§fnte¡v tNt¡dn.

\ne¡Se IÀjIcpsS F®hpw Ipdªp', apXnÀ

¶ ]{X{]hÀ¯I\mb Pn. Fkv. DÖn\¸ ]dbp

¶p.

\ne¡Se ssPhIrjn ImemhØm hyXnbm\hpw hnfhv Ipdª

Xpw IoS§Ä IqSpIbpw Hs¡ sNbvXn«pw Nne

IÀjIÀ \ne¡Se Irjn \ndp¯nbnÃ. a®nsâ

ASn¯«nse CuÀ¸w \ne\ndp¯Wsa¶v imkv{X

ÚÀ ]dªXv t]msebpÅ amÀK§Ä kzoIcn

¨v Ipdª Nnehn AhÀ Ct¸mgpw Irjn XpS

cp¶p.

NÃs¡sc Xmeq¡nse knt±izc\ZpÀK

{Kma¯nse iin[À A¡q«¯nÂs¸Sp¶p. {]Ir

Xnbv¡nW§nb CS¡rjn coXnbmWv iin[À

]n´pScp¶Xv. "Rm³ \qdp iXam\w ssPh¡rjn

coXnbà ]n´pScp¶Xv. F¶m Gähpw Ipdª

coXnbn cmkhfhpw aäp hf§Ä IqSpXÂ

D]tbmKn¨pamWv Irjn sN¿p¶Xv. IoS\min\n

D]tbmKn¡mdnÃ. Ignª ap¸Xv hÀjambn Cu

coXnbmWv Rm³ ]n´pScp¶Xv. \hWbpw Xphc

]cn¸pw FÅpw CS¡rjnbmbn hfÀ¯p¶p’, iin[dnsâ hm¡pIÄ.

iin[dn\pw ktlmZc³ {io[dn\pw 36

G¡À Irjn Øew ]mc¼cyambn e`n¨n«p­v.

CXn ]IpXn Øe¯v tXm«¡rjn sN¿p¶p.

_m¡n Øe¯v `£yhnfIÄ DXv¸mZn¸n¡p¶p.

\mWyhnfbmbn«mWv \ne¡Se Irjn sN¿p¶Xv.

Cu ]mS¯v tNmfhpw hfÀ¯p¶p­v. iin[dnsâ

Irjn Øe v hr£§Ä [mcmfambn ImWmw.

Chbpw sshhn[yam˦ hnfIfpw tN˦mWv Cu

IrjnbnSs¯ ssPhk¼¶am¡p¶Xv. CXv {]Ir

XnbpsS k´penXmhØ \ne\ndp¯m³ klmbn

¡p¶p. Cu A´co£w \ne¡Se Irjnsb

]tcm£ambn klmbn¡p¶p­v. IoS§fpsSbpw

hnf tcmK§fpsSbpw B{IaWw hfsc Ipdt¨

bpÅq.

"ag e`yXbnse hyXymkw R§sf Imcy

ambn _m[n¨n«nÃ. a®v hf¡qdpÅXn\m hnf

21

IÄ¡v PeZuÀe`yw t\cntS­n h¶n«nÃ. Pew

e`n¨m Ipd¨v sshInbmepw hnfIÄ \ne

\n¡pw. sshhn[yamÀ¶ Hcp BhmkhyhØ

\ne\ndp¯p¶Xnsâ ^eamWnXv, {io[À kt´m

jt¯msS ]dbp¶p. "ag e`n¡p¶Xv IÀjI\v

IrXyambn IW¡q¡q«m³ Ignªm \ne¡Se

hnPbIcambn Irjn sN¿m³ Ignbpw. agbv¡

\pkcn¨v hn¯v hnX¨m IoS§Ä Ipdªncn

¡pw’, aäp IÀjItcmSpÅ {io[dnsâ D]tZiw.

sshhn[yw ]ca {][m\w IrjnbnSw sshhn[y§fmb kky§fp

sSbpw PohnIfpsSbpw IqSn hmkØeamWv.

]£nIÄ¡pw {]mWnIÄ¡pw AXv CSamIWw.

F¦nte AXp ]qÀWamb Hcp IrjnbnSamIq.

iin[dnsâbpw {io[dnsâbpw t\«w C¯csamcp

IrjnbnSamWv. ChcpsS IrjnbnS¯n ]£nI

Ä¡v, \ne¡Se ]mS¯nsâ ASp¯mbn, am{Xam

bn tNmfw hfÀ¯p¶ Hcp Øeap­v. ]£nIÄ

\ne¡Se sNSnbnse IoS§sf Cãw t]mse

`£n¨v Ahbv¡v \¶mbn hfcm\pÅ kmlNcyw

Hcp¡p¶p.

CS¡rjn coXn IoS§sf Ipdbv¡m\pw

klmbn¡p¶p. a®nse Pemwiw \ÃXmsW¦nÂ

ag Ipdªmepw hnfIÄ¡v Ipg¸ap­mInÃ. iin

[À-- {io[À ktlmZc§fpsS IrjnbnS¯n 150

]pfn ac§fp­v. DjvWtaJem ^ehr£§fpw

[mcmfambn ImWmw. CSXqÀ¶ CeIfpÅ ac§

fpw DÅXn\m hfhpamIpw. \ãw kw`hn¡m¯

Irjn coXnbmWv CS¡rjn. {][m\ hnfhv Ipd

ªmepw CShnfIfn \n¶v em`ap­m¡mw.

Irjnbpw I¶pImen hfÀ¯epw ]ckv]

cw klmbIcamWv. Irjn¡mhiyamb hfw Nm

WI¯n \nt¶m B«n³ ImjvT¯n \nt¶m D-

­m¡mw. I¶pImen hfÀ¯epw Irjnbpw X½n

se Cu imkv{Xob coXnbpw iin[À-- {io[À

ktlmZc§Ä ]n´pSÀ¶v t]mcp¶p­v. 19 I¶p

ImenIfpsS Iq«ap­v ChÀ¡v. B«n³ ]äs¯

ChÀ IrjnbnS¯n tabm³ hnSpw. AhbpsS

ImjvT¯neqsS Bhiyamb hf¯n IqSpXepw

e`n¡pw. ]ckv]c]qcnXamb {]hÀ¯\§fneqsS

{]IrXnbpsS k´penXmhØ \ne\ndp¯m³ Ign

bpsa¶pw AXphgn hnPbIcambn \ne¡Se Ir

jn sN¿m\mIpsa¶pw ChÀ sXfnbn¡p¶p.

ImemhØm hyXnbm\w Irjnsbbpw A

\p_Ôamb FÃm taJeIsfbpw _m[n¨n«p­v.

CXn\nSbnepw ImehØm hyXnbm\¯n\\pkcn

¨v IrjncoXn amäpIbpw AXphgn hnPbIcamb

coXnbn Irjn sN¿p¶hcpap­v. C§s\bpÅ

IÀjIÀ aäp IÀjIÀ¡v amXrIbmWv. apgph³

Irjn coXnbpw CX\pkcn¨v amdpIbmsW¦nÂ

ImemhØm hyXnbm\¯n\pÅ anI¨ adpacp¶m

IpaXv.

Rama can be contacted at olavevismaya@gmail.com

22

ImemhØm hyXnbm\hpw hnÃp]pcw PnÃbnse ImÀjnI k¼Zv hyhØbn AXnsâ {]XymLmX§fpw Acp¬ s\Sps©gnb³

"temIs¯ FÃm `qJÞ§fnepw \S¯n

b imkv{Xob ]T\§fpsS ^ew sXfnhpIÄ

klnXw Dd¸n¡p¶Xv temIs¯ `qcn`mKw

kap{Z§fnepw AhbpsS {]IrXnZ¯amb LS\

bnepw ImemhØm hyXnbm\w aqew kmcamb

amä§fp­mbn«ps­¶mWv. `mhnbn CXp IpSn

shÅ £ma¯nte¡pw `£yhnfIfpsS DXv¸mZ

\w Ipdbp¶Xnte¡pw \bn¡pw. CXp aqew

C´y, ]mInØm³, _w¥mtZiv, ssN\ DĸsS

bpÅ Gjy³ cmPy§fn bp²w hsc s]m«n

¸pds¸t«¡mw'. (ImemhØm hyXnbm\s¯¡pdn

¨pÅ CâÀ Kh¬saâ ]m\Â).

ImemhØm hyXnbm\w aqew `qanbpsS

Xm]\ne Ignª ] v hÀj¯n\nsS 0.8 Un{Kn

skÂjykv hsc hÀ[n¨Xmbn imkv{Xobamb

]T\§Ä kqNn¸n¡p¶p. CXnsâ ^eambn

Gähpw henb Zzo]pIfmb {Koem³Unsebpw

AâmÀ«n¡bnsebpw HgpIn \S¡p¶ aªpae

IÄ hfsc thK¯n DcpInbnÃmXmbns¡m­n

cn¡pIbmWv. Cu tXmXnemsW¦n `qanbpsS

Xm]\ne Cu \qäm­v Ahkm\n¡p¶Xn\p ap¼v

4 apX 6 iXam\w hsc hÀ²n¡m\nSbp­v.

kap{Z\nc¸v H¶p apX c­v aoäÀ hsc DbcpI

bmsW¦n Gjy³ cmPy§fmb hnbäv-\mw,

_w¥mtZiv aäv Zzo]v cmPy§Ä F¶nhnS§fnÂ

Xmakn¡p¶ 100 Zie£w P\§Ä KpcpXcamb

Zpc´§Ä t\cntS­n hcpw. ImemhØ hyXn

bm\s¯¡pdn¨v ]T\w \S¯nb _lpcm{ã

kwLw kaÀ¸n¨ dnt¸mÀ«n ]dªncn¡p¶

Xnt\¡mÄ IqSpXembncn¡pw Ct¸mÄ kap{Z

\nc¸v IqSn hcp¶ tXmXv. A´co£¯nse Cu

hyXnbm\w aqew H¶nt\msSm¶v _Ôs¸«v

kw`hn¡p¶ ]e amä§fpw \nco£nt¡­XmWv.

ImewsXän hcp¶ ag, ISp¯ hcĨ, shÅ

s¸m¡w, kap{Z \nc¸v Dbcp¶Xv, Npgen¡mäpIÄ,

aªpaeIÄ DcpIp¶Xv F¶nhbmWh. Chsbm

s¡ BtKmf Xm]\¯nsâ A\´c^eamsW¶

Xncn¨dnhv temI¯nsâ ]e tImWpIfnepw hf

sc thK¯n D­mbns¡m­ncn¡p¶p.

ap§n¡nS¡p¶ ]k^nIv Zzo]pIÄ apXÂ

Imivaocnepw aWn¸qcnepap­mIp¶ shÅs¸m

¡w hsc B amä¯nsâ Xo{hX \ap¡v thK

¯n A\p`hn¡m³ Ignbpw. ]Snªmdv I{Xo\

bpw sX¡v lpZvlpZpw t]mse aps¼§panÃm¯

hn[apÅ I\¯ Npgen¡mäpw sImSp¦mäpw Poh

\pw kz¯n\pw h³ \mi\ãamWp­m¡p¶Xv.

B{^n¡bnse Gähpw DbÀ¶ ]ÀÆX \ncbmb

Infna©mtcmhn \n¶v Ignª 90 hÀj¯n\nsS

am{Xw 80 iXam\w aªpw DcpInt¸mbn. Gähpw

\miw hnX¨ Zpc´§Ä 2010-emWv D­mbsX¶v

ayqWn¡nse Hcp C³jzd³kv I¼\n {]Xn]mZn

¨n«p­v. B hÀjw am{Xw ]m¡nØm\nepw Hmkv-

t{Senbbnepw djybnepw D­mb shÅs¸m¡

¯n 56,000 t]À acn¨p. Øncambn \nch[n

Poh\pIÄ \ãs¸SpIbpw BfpIÄ A`bmÀ°n

IfmhpIbpw `£y DXv¸¶w IpdbpIbpw Poh

t\m]m[n CÃmXmhpIbpw sN¿p¶Xv \½Ä t\cn

«v A\p`hn¡pIbmWv.

ImemhØm hyXnbm\hpw AXpambn

_Ôs¸« \oXnbpw a\pjy³ {]IrXnbn \n¶pw AIep¶

Xnsâ Gähpw {]ISamb sXfnhmbn thWw

BtKmf Xm]\s¯ ImWm³. kmaqlnI Pohn

bmb a\pjy³ {]IrXnbpsS `mKambncp¶n«p

IqSn Hcn¡epw Xncn¨v hcm³ Ignbm¯ \mi

¯nsâ ]mXbnte¡v temIs¯ XÅn hn«p.

a\pjysâ {]hr¯nIÄ Zniamäm³ {ian¨Xnsâ

^eambn {]IrXnbn ]e hyXnbm\§fpap­m

bn. hymhkmbnI hnIk\¯n\mbpÅ {]hÀ¯

\§Ä¡mbn h³tXmXnemWv hnIknX cmPy

§Ä A´co£¯nte¡v hnjhmXI§Ä Xpd

¶phnSp¶Xv. AXn\m BtKmf Xm]\¯nsâ

{][m\ D¯chmZnXzw hnIknX cmPy§fpsS

hymhkmbnI \b§Ä¡pw \nt£]¯n\pw Ahn

Sps¯ kÀ¡mcpIÄ¡pamWpÅXv. C´ybpw Im

emhØm hyXnbm\¯nsâ cq£^e§Ä A\p`

hn¡p¶p­v. XXv^eambn A´co£ Xm]\ne

DbÀ¶p. CXp kpµÀ_³ ImSpIfn amäap­m

¡n, HdoÊbnse kap{Z \nc¸v DbÀ¶p, eUmIv

Xocs¯ aªpcpIn, lnamNÂ {]tZinse B¸nÄ

Irjnbn CSnhp­mbn, IÀWmSIbn Irjn

¡\ptbmPyamb `qanbn Ipdhp­mbn, _nlmÀ,

lcnbm\ t]mepÅ kwØm\§fn tKmX¼nsâ

hnfhn Ipdhp­mbn. C´ybnse hS¡v Ing

¡³ taJebnse ImehÀj¯nsâ kz`mh¯n

epw KWyamb amäap­mbn F¶Xpw {it²bam

Wv.

23

\½psS Ab cmPy§fmb _wKv-fmtZiv,

]m¡nØm³ F¶nhbpw C¯cw {]iv-\§Ä

t\cnSp¶p­v. s]mXphmb Hcp A`n{]mb{]IS\w

\S¯pIbmsW¦n hnIkzc cmPy§fmWv Im

emhØm hyXnbm\¯nsâ Zqjy^e§Ä IqSp

XÂ A\p`hn¡p¶sX¶v ]dbmw. BtKmf Xm]

\w temI¯v FÃmbnS¯pw Htc Xc¯neà kw`

hn¡p¶Xv. `qa[ytcJbpsS sX¡v `mKs¯ P\

§fmWv CXnsâ Zqjy^e§Ä IqSpXepw t\cnSp

¶Xv. CXp hnIknX hnIkzc cmPy§Ä¡nS

bnse {][m\ hnjbamWv. CXn\p cm{ãobam\

§fp­v. kmaplnI \oXnbpw km¼¯nI Aka

Xzhpambn _Ôs¸«v InS¡p¶ H¶mWnXv. BtKm

fXm]\w Hcp k¦oÀWamb hnjbamWv. Imem

hØm \oXnbpambn _Ôs¸Sp¯nbpw kmaqln

I \oXn¡pÅ ASnØm\ am\ZÞambpw CXns\

ImtW­Xv AXy´mt]£nXamWv.

sXs¡bäs¯ kwØm\amb Xangv-\m«n

Â, {]tXyIn¨v AhnSps¯ hS¡v Ing¡³

PnÃbmb hnÃp]pcs¯ ImÀjnI k¼ZvLS\

bn ImemhØm hyXnbm\w D­m¡nb amä¯n

te¡v {i² £Wn¡pIbmWv Cu teJ\¯nsâ

{][m\ e£yw. ImemhØm hyXnbm\w aqew

Cu Pnà t\cnSp¶ ImehÀj¯nsâ KXnamähpw

icmicn Xm]\nebnse hyXymkhpamWv Cu

]T\¯n {]Xn]mZn¡p¶Xv (C´y³ Akv-t{Sm

Wnan¡Â dnkÀ¨v skâdnsâbpw Xangv\mSv kÀ

¡mcnsâbpw tcJIsf ASnØm\s¸Sp¯nbpÅ

Xv). AhnSps¯ IÀjIÀ¡v e`nt¡­ Imem

hØm \oXnsb¡pdn¨v shfn¨w hoim³ Cu

]T\w {ian¡p¶p. "Indigenous knowledge about climate change: Validating the perceptions of dryland farmers in Tamil Nadu –Jayakumara Varadan & Pramod Kumar" F¶ hniIe\ dnt¸mÀ«n e`y

amb hnhc§sfbpw IqSn ASnØm\s¸Sp¯nbp

Å XmWv Cu ]T\w. BZyw ImemhØm hyXn

bm\s¯¡pdn¨pÅ imkv{Xobamb hniZoIcW

¯n \n¶v XpS§mw.

ImemhØm hyXnbm\w- Hcp imkv{Xob

hniIe\w {]IrXn Ncn{Xa\pkcn¨v ImemhØm hy

Xnbm\w F¶m {]IrXnbnep­mIp¶ kz`mhnI

amb amäw F¶mWÀ°w. Ncn{X¯nsâ ]e

L«¯nepw ImemhØbn ]e Gä¡pd¨nep

IÄ D­mbn«pn­v. AsXmcn¡epw Htc coXnbnep

Å Hcp t\ÀtcJ Bbncp¶nÃ. GXm­v 1,00,000

hÀj§Ä¡v ap¼v sFkv bpK¯n an¡ bqtdm

]y³ cmPy§fpw c­v IntemaoäÀ I\¯nÂ

aªm aqSs¸«hbmbncp¶p. kap{Z\nc¸v DbÀ

¶Xp aqew sFkv bpK¯nsâ Ahkm\t¯msS

hyXykvXamb coXnIfn `q]Sw amdpIbp­mbn.

{]IrXnbnep­mb kzm`mhnI amä¯n Atlanto-

saurus IÄ¡pw Mammoths- IÄ¡pw hwi\miw

kw`hn¨p. ]pcmhkvXp KthjWw Cu hkvXpX

ØncoIcn¨n«p­v. F¶ment¸mÄ \mw km£yw

hln¡p¶ Cu hn\miw Ime{Ia¯n kzm`mhn

Iambn D­mbXÃ. 21-þmw \qäm­n aqÀ[\ym

hØbnse¯nb Cu ]mcnØnXnI {]XnkÔn¡v

BZymhkm\ ImcWw a\pjycmWv. hymhkmbnI

bpK¯n {]mNo\ Imes¯ P´p/ kky§fpsS

Ahinã§fn \n¶pÅ CÔ\w AanXambn

I¯n¨Xv, aossY³, ImÀ_¬ XpS§nb hnj

hmXI§Ä A´co£¯n IqSpX ASnªp

IqSm³ ImcWambn. Cu coXobn hymhkmbnI

bpK¯n am{Xw GItZiw 200 Zie£w tImSn

S¬ hnjhmXI§Ä A´co£¯nte¡v Iq«n

t¨À¡s¸SpIbp­mbn. C§s\ AanXambn ]n´

Ås¸« hnjhmXI§Ä am{XamWv ImemhØm

hyXnbm\¯nsâ Htcsbmcp ImcWw.

CtXmsS ]pd¯phcp¶ lcnXKrl hmXI

§Ä A´co£¯n IqSpXembn ASnbpIbpw

CtXmsS C¯cw lcnX heb§Ä kqcycivan

Isf AanXambn BKncWw sNbvXv Chsb `qan

bnte¡v Abbv¡m\pw XpS§n. Znhkw tXmdpw

`qanbnse icmicn Xm]\ne Dbcm³ CXnSbm¡p

I am{Xaà A´co£ Xm]\nebpsS k´penXmh

Øsb Xmfw sXän¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. aossY³

t]mepÅ hnjhmXI§Ä A´co£¯n anX

amb Afhnepw tXmXnepamsW¦n am{Xta `qan

bnse PohnXw km[yamIq.

sNmÆ, ho\kv XpS§nb {Kl§fn \n¶v

hyXykvXambn Xm]\ne AanXambnsæn am{X

ta `qanbnse PohnXw km[yamIq. A´co£¯n

se hnjhmXI§fpsS Afhv km[mcW tXmXn

epw A[nIamIpt¼mÄ IqSqXÂ NqSv `qanbnte¡v

{]hln¡pw. XXv^eambn ImemhØbn Akm

[mcWhpw \nc´chpamb amä§Ä¡v-, ImehÀj

¯nse hyXymkw, NqSv IqSp¶X,v XpS§nbhbv¡v

`qan km£yw hlnt¡­n hcpw.

ImemhØm hyXnbm\hpw Xangv-\mSpw

"BtKmf Xm]\¯nsâ ^eambpÅ Imem

hØm hyXnbm\w aqew C´ybpsS Xoc{]tZi§

fn Pohn¡p¶ 55 Zie£w BfpIÄ hensbmcp

Zpc´ `ojWnbnemWv’. Atacn¡ BØm\am¡n

bpÅ 'Climate Central' F¶ ]cnØnXn kwLS\

bpsS dnt¸mÀ«n ]dbp¶p. Ignª c­c ]Xnäm-

­mbn temIsa¼mSpw ImemhØm hyXnbm\

s¯¡pdn¨pÅ Kuchtadnb hmZ{]XnhmZ§Ä

\S¡p¶ kmlNcy¯nepw Xangv kaql¯nÂ

CtX¡pdn¨pÅ NÀ¨bpw t_m[hXvIcWhpw

hfsc sNdnb tXmXnemsW¶XmWv ZpxJIcamb

kXyw. Xangv\mSv D]Zzo]v AXnsâ AXnÀ¯nI

fm \nÀWbn¡s¸«XmWv. Ing¡v _wKmÄ DÄ

24

¡SÂ, ]Snªmdv ]ÝnaL«w, sX¡v C´y³

almkap{Zw, hS¡v Ing¡v B{Ôm{]tZiv, IÀWm

SI kwØm\§Ä. ]gthÀImSv XpS§n I\ymIp

amcn hsc \o­p InS¡p¶ Xangv\mSnsâ Ing¡³

Xoc¯nse AXnÀ¯n tcJ 1000 Intem aoädn\

Sp¯v hcpw. CSXqÀ¶ ]ÝnaL«amWv Xangv\mSn

s\bpw tIcfs¯bpw thÀXncn¡p¶ lcnX AXn

À¯n. ]ÝnaL«amWv Xangv\mSnsâ ssPhsshhn

[y¯nsâ hmkØm\w. ChnsS \n¶mWv Xanc

]cWn t]mepÅ \ZnIÄ DÛhn¡p¶Xv. "hÀ¯

am\Ime - Xangv\m«nse ImemhØm hyXnbm\w’ F¶ ]pkvXI¯neqsS {io. s]m³ [\tiJdm

Wv ssPhsshhn[y¯m k¼¶amb Xangv\mSn

s\ ImemhØm hyXnbm\w _m[n¨psh¶ hkv

XpX ap¶nte¡v h¨Xv. imkv{Xobhpw t\cn«v e`y

amb hnhc§fneqsSbpw Xangv\mSnsâ kmaqlnI

ØnXnsb ImemhØm hyXnbm\w F§s\, G

sXms¡ Xc¯n _m[n¨psh¶v efnXamb Xc

¯n At±lw hnhcn¨n«p­v. Xangv-\m«n Imem

hØm hyXnbm\s¯¡pdn¨pÅ NÀ¨IÄ¡v XpS

¡anSm³ Cu ]pkvXI¯n\mbn.

am¶mdnSp¡v {]tZis¯ 21 Zzo]pIfnÂ

]qhci³]«n, hnf³KpkÅn F¶o c­p Zzo]p

IÄ kap{Z \nc¸v DbÀ¶Xp aqew ap§nt¸mb

Xmbn B ]pkvXI¯n ]dbp¶p. kap{Z\nc¸v

CtX coXnbn DbÀ¶p sIm­ncn¡pIbmsW

¦n Ahtijn¡p¶ 19 Zzo]pIÄ am{Xaà Ing¡

³ Xocs¯ ]gthÀImSv apXÂ I\ymIpamcn hsc

bpÅ {Kma§fpw ]«W§fpw \Kc§fpw Xpdap

J§fpsaÃmw KpcpXcamb Zpc´§Ä t\cntS­n

hcpsa¶v At±lw Nq­n¡m«p¶p. ImehÀj¯n

sâ KXnamäw a\pjysc am{Xaà aäp PohPme

§sfbpw _m[n¡p¶p­v. CXn\pZmlcWambn

At±lw {i²£Wn¡p¶Xv \oeKncn ae\ncIfn

se tX\o¨IfpsS F®w Ipdbp¶Xnte¡mWv.

ImemhØm hyXnbm\w aqew Xangv-\mSv

A`napJoIcn¡p¶ {]iv-\w CXp am{XaÃ. kw

Øm\¯nsâ 1,100 IntemaoäÀ hcp¶ IS¯oc

taJe cq£amb {]XnkÔn t\cnSpIbmWv. Aan

Xambn han¡s¸Sp¶ ImÀ_¬ ISÂ Pehpambn

Iecp¶psh¶XmWv H¶mas¯ {]iv-\w. CXp

ISÂPes¯ A¾mwiapÅXm¡n XoÀ¡p¶p. C

Xp ]hng¯n«Isfbpw Icn¼mbens\bpw _m[n

¡pIbpw Ah CÃmXmhpIbpw sN¿p¶p. CXp

]cnlcn¡m\mIm¯ hn\mi§Ä kap{Z¯nÂ

krãn¡p¶p. CXp Icn¼mb `£n¡p¶ AXn

kq£va PohnIfpsS \mi¯nte¡v hgnhbv¡p

¶p. AXnkq£va PohnIsf Xn¶p¶ aäv PohnI

fpsS \mi¯n\pw CXp ImcWamIp¶p. kap{Z

PohnIfpsS Blmc irwJebnse {][m\ I®n

CÃmXmhpIbpw IS k¼¯v \in¨v On¶`n¶

amhpIbpw sN¿p¶p.

ImemhØ hyXnbm\hpw ImehÀj e`y

Xbnse amähpw Xangv-\m«nse 13 Zie£w slÎÀ `q{]tZi

¯n 7 Zie£w slÎÀ Irjn¡mbn D]tbmKn

¡p¶p. CXn 55 iXam\¯nepw PetkN\

kuIcyap­v, _m¡nbpÅh agsb B{ibn¡p

¶p. `qKÀ`imkv{Xs¯ ASnØm\am¡n Xangv-

\m«nse Irjn`qansb Ggmbn XcwXncn¡mw:

hS¡v Ing¡³, hS¡v ]Snªmd³, ]Snªmd³,

sUÂä, Ing¡³, IqSpXÂ ag e`n¡p¶Xv, ]À

ÆX {]tZiw F¶n§s\bmWXv. IqSqXepw sX¡v

]Snªmd³ (Pq¬ apXÂ sk]vXw_À hsc)

hS¡v Ing¡³ (HtÎm_À apXÂ Unkw_À

hsc) ImehÀj§sf B{ibn¨mWv Xangv\mSn

sâ ImÀjnI k¼ZvhyhØ \ne\n¡p¶Xv.

C¡me§fnse ag shÅw UmapIfnepw I\mep

Ifnepw aäpw tiJcn¨mWv Irjn¡mbpw IpSn

shÅambpw D]tbmKn¡p¶Xv. {][m\ \ZnIfmb

Imthcn, Xancm]cWn, s]ss®bmdv F¶nh kw

Øm\¯nsâ ImÀjnI k¼ZvhyhØbn \nÀ

WmbI ]¦v hln¡p¶p. AXpt]mse Xs¶ sN

¼Sw_Iw, ]q­n, ]pg F¶o henb XSmI§Ä

sNss¶ \Kc¯nsâ IpSnshÅmhiyw \ndth

äp¶p.

25

Hcp hÀjw Xangv-\m«n icmicn 958 anÃn

aoäÀ ag e`n¡p¶p. CXn 31 iXam\w sX¡v

]Snªmd³ ImehÀj¯n \n¶pw 50 iXam\w

hS¡v Ing¡³ ImehÀj¯n \n¶pamWv. CXn

 75 iXam\w Xangv-\mSnsâ Xoc{]tZi¯pw _m

¡n DÄ{]tZi¯pamWv e`n¡p¶Xv. ImehÀj

s¯ agbpsS Afhnepw Xm]\nebnepw Imemh

Øm hyXnbm\w aqew hyXymkap­mbn«p­v.

{]tXyIn¨pw IÀjIscbmWv CXp _m[n¨ncn¡p

¶Xv. t\cs¯ kqNn¸n¨Xp t]mse Xangv-\m«nÂ

ag F¯n¡p¶Xv sX¡v ]Snªmd³- hS¡v Ing

¡³ ImehÀj ImäpIfmWv. CXp kwØm\¯n

sâ k¼Zv hyhØbn \nÀWmbIhpamWv. C

tX¡pdn¨pÅ kwibw, Ignª Iptd hÀj§

fn ImehÀjw ]cmPbs¸Sp¶Xpw ImemhØm

hyXnbm\hpw X½nepÅ _Ôw [\tiJÀ Xsâ

'The Present' (hÀ¯am\Imew) F¶ ]pkvI¯n

eqsS hyàam¡nbn«p­v.

Cu ]pkv-I¯nsâ 'Failing Monsoon Rainfall – Will the Severe Drought Continue?' (ImehÀj¯n

sâ ]cmPbw ISp¯ th\Â XpScptam?) F¶

teJ\¯n At±lw ag e`yXbpsS tXmXv Ipd

bp¶Xv Nq­n¡m«pIbpw `mhnbn AhØ

tamiamIm³ km[yXbps­¶v ap¶dnbn¸v \ÂIp

Ibpw sN¿p¶p. At±lw Cu \nco£Ww \S¯m

³ A®m kÀÆIem imebnse Hcp ]T\¯nsâ

^ew D]tbmKn¡p¶p­v. DZmlcW¯n\v 2010þ

40 ImeL«¯n age`yXbn 9 iXam\hpw 2040--

þ2070 Â 14 iXam\hpw Ipdhp­mIpsa¶v At±

lw \nco£n¡p¶p. ImehÀj¯nsâ KXnamäw

aqew D­mtb¡mhp¶ KpcpXcamb {]XymLmX

§sf¡pdn¨v \½psS {i² £Wn¡pIbmWv

At±lw. hS¡v Ing¡³ ImehÀjw Xangv\mSn

sâ Xoc{]tZi¯v IqSpXepw {KmaoW taJebnÂ

IpdhpamWv e`n¡p¶sX¶v ]T\§Ä sXfnbn¨n

«p­v. {KmaoW taJebn e`n¡p¶ age`yX 25

iXam\w Ipdbp¶psh¶mWv CXn\À°w. AXp

t]mse Xangv-\mSnsâ hS¡³ {]tZi§fnemWv

km[mcWbmbn sX¡³ taJetb¡mÄ IqSpXÂ

ag e`n¡p¶Xv. A®masse F¶ hnZKv²³ A]

{KYn¨ncn¡p¶Xv 1951 apXÂ 2008 hscbpÅ Ime

L«saSp¯pÅ ]T\¯n icmicn Xm]\nebn

 0.8 iXam\w hÀ[\hp­mbn F¶mWv.

hnÃp]pcw PnÃbn ImemhØm hyXn

bm\¯nsâ BLmXs¯¡pdn¨pÅ ]T

\w IrjnsbbmWv ImemhØm hyXnbm\w

BZyw _m[n¡p¶Xv. hnÃp]pcw PnÃbnse P\

§Ä AhnsS \S¯nb \nco£W¯n \n¶v

Xangv\mSnsâ hnhn[ `mK§fn ImemhØm

hyXnbm\w Irjnbn hcp¯nb amäw ØncoIcn

¨n«p­v. 1993-Â ]gbIme sX¡³ AÀt¡m«v PnÃ

bn \n¶v thÀs]«mWv hnÃp]pcw PnÃbp­mb

Xv. Ing¡pw sX¡pw IqVÃqcpw ]Snªmdv tkew,

[À½]pcn PnÃIfpw hS¡v Xncph®masse, Im

©o]pcw PnÃIfpamWv hnÃp]pcw PnÃbpsS AXn

À¯nIÄ. aWn ap¯cp, tIUnepw, sImapIn, i¦

c]mWn, tk©n, s]ss® F¶nhbmWv Cu PnÃ

bneqsS HgpIp¶ {][m\ \ZnIÄ. s\Ãv, \ne¡S

e, Icn¼v F¶nhbmWv Irjn sN¿p¶ {][m\

hnfIÄ.

PnÃbpsS sam¯w hnkvXoÀWw (N.Inao.)

7222

Xmeq¡pIÄ 7

]©mb¯pIÄ 1104

hntÃPpIÄ 1490

P\kwJy (2001-se sk³kkv {]Imcw)

29,60,373

]pcpj·mÀ 14,92,442

kv{XoIÄ 14,67,931

h\{]tZiw (N. In.ao) 717

Irjn{]tZiw (N. In.ao) 3,894

icmicn hmÀjnI age`yX (an.an) 1,119

hnÃp-]pcw PnÃ-bnse Imem-hØ

sX¡v ]Sn-ªm-d³, hS¡v Ing-¡³ Ime-

hÀj-¡m-e¯v hnÃp-]pcw PnÃ-bn hym-]-I-amb

ag e`n-¡p-I-bp-­m-bn. Cu PnÃ-bn hmÀjnI

icm-icn ag e`-yX 1119 anÃo-ao-ä-dm-Wv. amÀ¨v, sabv

amk-§Ä¡n-S-bn Chn-Sps¯ Xm]-\ne 21 Un{Kn

skÂj-ykv hsc-bm-Wv. Chn-Sps¯ a®v Nph¶

Nc a®m-Wv. hnÃp-]p-cs¯ kmaq-lnI km¼¯n

I LS-I-§sf kqNn- n-¡p¶ ]«n-I-bmWv Xmsg. ]cn-K-Wn¨ Bfp-I-fpsS F®w 100 IÀj-I-cpsS icm-icn {]mbw 57 Irjn-bnse icm-icn {]hr¯n ]cn-Nbw

(hÀjw) 35

Hmtcm IpSpw-_- n-sebpw AwK-§-fpsS

F®w 4.7

Pe-tk-N\ kuI-cyw (-i-X-am-\w) 92 Irjn AÃmsX aäv ]Wn-IÄ sN¿p-¶-hÀ 39 km£-cÀ 64 \nc-£-cÀ 36 {]mY-anI hnZ-ym- -ymkw e`n- n-«p-Å-hÀ 28 AXn\pw tase hnZ-ym- -ymkw e`n-¨n-«p-Å-

hÀ 29

_ncp-Z[m-cn-IÄ 7

26

km¼¯nI, hnZym`ymk, BtcmKy taJe

Ifn ]n¶m¡w \n¡p¶ PnÃbmWv hnÃp]pcw.

apIfnse ]«nIbn \n¶v AXp hyàamWv. \qdn

 Ggv t]À am{XamWv _ncpZ[mcnIÄ. 100- 36

t]cpw \nc£ccmWv. Cu ]n¶m¡mhØbn Im

emhØm hyXnbm\w aqew Irjnbpw \ã¯nem

Ipt¼mÄ P\§fpsS {]tXyIn¨v IÀjIcpsS A

hØ IqSpX Iã¯nemIpw. Xm]\nebnse hy

Xymkw Irjnsb AhXmf¯nem¡pw. bmsXmcp

kmaqlnI kpc£bpw CÃmsX XpÑamb hcpam\

¯n Pohnt¡­n hcpt¼mÄ ImehÀjw e`n

¡m¯Xnt\mSpw hcĨtbmSpw s]mcp¯s¸Sm³

P\§Ä \nÀ_ÔnXcmIpw.

CtX¡pdn¨v 'Crop Insurance to Suit Climates and to Adapt to Climate Change', (ImemhØbv¡v

tbmPn¨Xpw ImemhØm hyXnbm\hpambn CW

§n tNcm\pw hnf C³jzd³kv) Fs¶mcp ka{K

amb ]T\ap­v. Xangv-\m«nepS\ofw ImÀjnI

k¼ZvhyhØbn ImemhØm hyXnbm\ap­m

¡nb {]XyLmXw Cu ]T\w A]{KYn¨ncp¶p.

PetkN\ kuIcyapÅ sam¯w `qan, hnfhv,

sX¡v ]Snªmd³, -hS¡v Ing¡³ ImehÀj

kab§fn age`yXbpsS tXmXnep­mb amäw

F¶nh ASnØm\am¡n Bbncp¶p Cu ]T\w.

81 iXam\w IÀjIcpw ImehÀjw e`n¡m¯Xn

sâ tZmj^e§Ä t\cnSp¶Xmbn Cu ]T\

dnt¸mÀ«n ]dbp¶p. \ZoapJ {]tZit¯¡mÄ

PnÃbpsS hS¡v Ing¡³ taJebnemWv {]Xym

LmXw IqSpXse¶pw Cu dnt¸mÀ«v Nq­n¡m«p

¶p. hnf\mihpw Pet{kmXkpIfpsS ZuÀe`y

hpw IÀjIsc F§s\ _m[n¨psh¶Xpw Cu

]T\¯n hyàam¡p¶p­v.

hnÃp]pcw PnÃbnse IÅ¡pdn¨n, tk©n

(Pn³Po), kn¶, tkew Xmeq¡pIfnse

\qdne[nIw IÀjIcnemWv Cu ]T\w \S¯nbXv.

C´y³ Akv-t{SmWan¡Â skâdnsâ tUäbpsS

bpw IÀjIÀ¡nSbn t\cs¯ \S¯nb ]T\

hnhc§fpsSbpw ASnØm\¯n ImemhØm

hyXnbm\w krãn¡p¶ {]XnkÔnsb¡pdn¨pw

B amähpambn CW§nt¨cm\pÅ amÀ¤§sf¡p

dn¨pambncp¶p ]T\w.

hnÃp]pcw PnÃbnse IÀjIcpsS Imcy

saSp¯m AhcpsS {]mbhpw Irjnbnse ]cnN

b k¼¯pw Gd¡psd Xpeyambncn¡pw. _meyw

apXÂs¡bpÅ AhcpsS A\p`hk¼¯neqsS

ImehÀj hyXnbm\s¯¡pdns¨ms¡ AhÀ A

dnhv BÀÖn¨n«p­v. hnZym`ymkw t\Snb IÀjI

À¡mIs« imkv{Xobhpw kmt¦XnIhpamb ]cn

Úm\hpap­v. Cu {]tZis¯ ]e BfpIfpw

almßKmÔn sXmgnepd¸v ]²XnbpsS IognÂ

sXmgnseSp¡m³ t]mIp¶hcmWv. P\kwJybnÂ

aq¶nsem¶n\v hnZym`ymkw e`n¡pItbm AXp

XpScm³ km[n¡pItbm sNbvXn«nÃ. 60 iXam\w

IÀjIcpw I¶pImenIsf hfÀ¯p¶p­v. InW

dp hgnbpÅ PetkN\s¯ am{XamWv 92 iXam

\hpw B{ibn¡p¶Xv.

ImemhØm hyXnbm\w ImehÀj e`yX

bn hcp¯nb amäs¯¡pdn¨v IÀjIÀ¡nSbn

 \S¯nb kÀthbn Xmsg ]dbp¶ hnhc§

fmWv e`n¨Xv.

ImehÀj e`yXbn Ipdhp­mbXmbn

40 iXam\w IÀjIcpw A`n{]mbs¸«p. ag XpS

§p¶Xv sshInbmsW¶v 38 iXam\w t]À ]d

ªp. icmicn Xm]\ne hÀ[n¡p¶Xmbpw Ime

hÀjw {]hNn¡m³ Ignbm¯ Xc¯n amdp¶

Xmbpw 36 iXam\w t]À A`n{]mbs¸«p. NqSpImäv

ImcWw 7 iXam\w t]cpw 6 iXam\w t]À ià

amb Npgen¡mäv aqehpw ag e`yXbpsS tXmXv

IpdªXmbn A`n{]mbs¸«p.

B{^n¡bntebpw lnameb¯nsâ Ing¡

³ taJebnsebpw P\§fn \n¶v tiJcn¨

hnhc§fpambn hnÃp]pcw PnÃbnse IÀjIÀ

]dª hnhc§fpw AhcpsS \nco£W§fpw

Gd¡psd s]mcp¯s¸Sp¶psh¶Xv {it²bamb

ImcyamWv. IÀjIÀ \ÂInb hnhc§fpw C´y

³ Akv-t{SmWan¡Â skâdn \n¶v e`yamb

hnhc§fpw h¨v Xmsg ]dbp¶ A\pam\§fnÂ

F¯nt¨cmw.

1994 apX 2011 hscbpÅ hnhc§Ä ]Tn

¨m th\¡mes¯ icmicn Xm]\ne Dbcp

¶Xmbn ImWmw. 1994þ--95 apXÂ 2009þ--10 hscbpÅ

hÀj§fn hS¡v Ing¡³ ImehÀjw {Iaw

sXänbXmbncp¶p. 2003þ--04 apXÂ sX¡v ]Snªmd

³ ImehÀjw IpdbpIbmWv. 2005þ--06 apXÂ hS

¡v Ing¡³ ImehÀj¡mes¯ agbpsS tXmXv

Ipdªp sIm­ncn¡p¶p.

27

IÀjIÀ F§s\bmWv Cu {]iv-\s¯

ssIImcyw sN¿p¶Xv Irjn XpScm\mbn ImemhØm amä¯n\v

A\ptbmPyamb coXnIÄ Is­¯m³ IÀjIÀ

\nÀ_ÔnXcmbn. AXn\pw Ignªnsæn aäv

hcpam\ amÀ¤§sf¡pdn¨v Nn´n¡p¶ AhØ

bnemWhÀ. A¯c¯n IÀjIÀ kzoIcn¨ncn

¡p¶ kam´camÀ¤§sf¡pdn¨mWv Xmsg ]d

ªncn¡p¶Xv.

kam´c Irjn coXnIÄ iXam\w

1 \of¯n sNdpXp­pIfmbn Irjn`qansb hn`Pn¨v hnfIÄ amdn amdn Irjn sN¿pI

79

2 H¶nShn«v Hmtcm hnfIÄ Irjn sN¿pI

64

3 hf¯nsâ D]tbmKw Ipdbv¡pI

57

4 Irjn `qan Ipdbv¡pI 50

5 hcĨsb {]Xntcm[n¡m³ Ignbp¶ hnfIÄ Irjn sN¿pI

34

6 Pe hn\ntbmK¯n\v kam´c kwhn[m\§Ä I­p]nSn¡pI

22

IÀjIÀ aäp hcpam\ amÀ¤§Ä Is­¯p¶

hn[amWv Xmgs¯ ]«nIbn ]dªncn¡p¶Xv.

hcpam\w Is­¯p¶ amÀ¤§Ä

iXam\w

1 ]enibv¡v ]Ww ISsaSp¡pI

72

2 _Ôp¡fn \n¶pw kplr¯p¡fn \n¶pw ]Ww ISw hm§pI

67

3 kÀ¡mÀ klmbw e`n¡p¶Xv

56

4 IrjnbÃm¯ aäv sXmgnepIÄ sN¿pI

43

5 hkvXphIIÄ hn¡pI 36

6 kzÀ®w ]Wbw hbv¡pI 35

7 hnf hmbv]sbSp¡pI 32

amähpambn CW§nt¨cm\pÅ {]mtbm

KnI _p²nap«pIÄ

ImemhØm hyXnbm\hpambn tbmPn¡p

¶ coXnIÄ kzoIcn¡m³ IÀjIÀ sXmgnÂ]c

ambpw km¼¯nIambpw aäv amÀ¤§Ä kzoIcn

¡p¶ps­¦nepw AXn\pÅ {]mtbmKnI _p²nap

«pIfpw IW¡nseSpt¡­Xp­v. aäv hnfIÄ Ir

jn sN¿p¶Xn\pw Xm]\ne, ImemhØ, Petk

N\ kuIcyw F¶nh icnbmbn htc­Xv AXym

hiyamWv. 86 iXam\w IÀjIcpw ]dbp¶Xv Pe

ZuÀe`yamWv Ahsc Gähpa[nIw _m[n¡p¶

sX¶mWv. CShn«v hnfIÄ amän ]co£Ww \S

¯nbhcn 64 iXam\w t\cnSp¶ {]iv-\w sXmgn

emfnIsf In«p¶nà F¶XmWv.

kmaqlnI-km¼¯nI LSI§fpw ]pXnb

amÀ¤§Ä tXSp¶Xn\v hnLmXambn \n¡p¶p

­v. Irjnbn ZoÀLImes¯ ]cnNbapÅhÀ¡v

]pXnb kmlNcy§fpambn thK¯n s]mcp¯

s¸Sm³ km[n¡pw. F¶m ]pXpXeapd, Ahcp

sS {]mbhpw A\p`hk¼¯pw IpdhmbXpsIm

­v, {]XnkÔn XcWw sN¿m³ IgnbmsX Irjn

Dt]£n¨v aäp sXmgnepIfnte¡v Xncnbp¶p. Im

emhØ, hyXnbm\w aqeapÅ ImehÀj¯nsâ

KXnamähpw Npgen¡mäpw t]mepÅ {]iv-\§fpw

]cnNb k¼¶cmb IÀjIÀ thK¯nemWv ]Tn

¡p¶Xv. ImemhØm hyXnbm\¯nsâ A\´c

^e§Ä Hmtcm Znhkhpw hnÃp]pcw PnÃbnÂ

s]mXphmbpw hS¡v Ing¡³ sUÂäbnsebpw

sX¡³ taJebnsebpw PnÃIfn {]tXyIn¨pw

cq£ambns¡m­ncn¡pIbmWv.

"Irjn am{XamWv bYmÀ° DXv¸mZ\£a

XbpÅXv' F¶v alm\mb Ihn XncphÅphÀ A

t±l¯nsâ IhnXIfnsem¶n ]dªn«p­v. ]

t£ C¶s¯ hymhkmbnI bpK¯n t\sc

adn¨mWv. sXämb {KmaoW km¼¯nI \b§Ä

aqew C´ybnen¶v IÀjIÀ IqSnb tXmXn Ir

jn Dt]£n¨v aäp sXmgnepIÄ tXSpIbmWv. Ipd

ª hcpam\hpw A\nÝnX `mhnbpw aqew IÀj

Icn ]ecpw Irjn Dt]£n¡pIbmsW¶v ]T\

§Ä sXfnbn¨n«p­v. CXns\m¸w ImemhØ

hyXnbm\w ImcWapÅ {]iv-\§Ä IqSn Bb

t¸mÄ C´y³ IÀjIcpsS AhØ IqSpXÂ

tamiamhpIbpw sNbvXp.

{]IrXnsb¡pdn¨v ChnsS {]Xn]mZn¨ ]T

\§Ä BtKmfXm]\¯nsâ A\´c ^e§Ä

{[ph{]tZi§fn am{XamWv A\p`hs¸Sp¶sX

¶ XXz§sf \ncmIcn¡p¶hbmWv. sFIycm{ã

k`bpsS LSI§Ä ImemhØm hyXnbm\ {]Xn

kÔnsb ssIImcyw sNbvXp sImÅpsa¶pw

B[p\nI imkv{Xob-kmt¦XnI hnImk§Ä Ch

bv¡v ]cnlmcamsW¶Xc¯nse hmZ§sfbpw

\½Ä Xffn¡ftb­Xp­v. C¯cw hmZ§Ä

\nehnse {]XnkÔnsb KuchXcambn ImWm

\pw {]mtbmKnI ]cnlmc§Ä Is­¯p¶Xn\pw

XSÊamIpw. ImemhØm hyXnbm\hpw ImehÀ

j¯nsâ KXnamähpw hcĨbpw Npgen¡mäpw

Hs¡ ]ckv]cw _Ôs¸«ncn¡p¶psh¶v ASnhc

bnSp¶ ]e ]T\§fpap­v. AtXkabw sam¯

¯nepÅ ]mcnØnXnI {]XnkÔnbnse Hcp LS

Iw am{XamWv ImemhØm hyXnbm\sa¶ hkv

XpXbpw \½Ä IW¡nseSpt¡­Xp­v. tÌm¡v-

28

tlmw dosske³kv skâdnse imkv{XÚÀ Nq-

­n¡m«nbXp t]mse \½Ä ‘H¼Xv {Kl AXnÀ

¯nIÄ' apdn¨p IS¡pItbm IS¡m³ Hcp§pI

tbm sN¿p¶p. ImemhØm hyXnbm\w, ISÂ

A¾abamIp¶Xv, Hmtkm¬ ]mfn Npcp§p¶Xv,

ssPh-cmk AXnÀ¯nIÄ \in¡p¶Xv, BtKmf

ip²Pe D]t`mKw, `qan D]tbmK¯nse hyXym

kw, `utam]cnXe¯n PohPme§Ä hkn¡p

¶ `mKw Npcp§p¶Xv, A´co£¯nse [qfn

tXmXv IqSp¶Xv, cmkaen\oIcWw IqSp¶Xv F

¶nhbmWXv. `qanbpsS AXnÀ¯nbnse C¯cw

hnÅepIÄ sam¯¯nse ]mcnØnXnI {]Xnk

Ôn¡v B¡w Iq«p¶pap­v.

ImemhØm hyXnbm\w krãn¡p¶ {]iv-

\§Ä cmPy§Ä¡nSbnepw PnÃIÄ¡nSbnepw

P\§Ä IpSntbdp¶Xnsâ tXmXv IW¡nseSp

¡pt¼mÄ IqSpXepw Hcp kmaqlnI {]XnkÔn

Bbn«mWv a\Ênemt¡­Xv. ImemhØm \oXn

bmWv \½psS IÀjIÀ¡v th­Xv. C¯cw km

lNcy¯n Xangv-\mSv kÀ¡mÀ IÀjIÀ¡v aXn

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tI­Xp­v. hn¯pw hfhpw hne Ipd¨v \ÂIpI,

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hmbv] \ÂIpI, [m\y§Ä tiJcn¡m³ kwhn

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IWw. H¸w {KmaoW km¼¯nI \b§Ä¡v Du

¶Â \ÂIpIbpw thWw.

Bibliography 1. http://climate.nasa.gov/news/649/ 2. http://www.ncdo.nl/artikel/climate-change-its-impacts-bangladesh 3. http://www.livescience.com/10938-biggest-natural-disasters-2010.html 4. http://www3.epa.gov/climatechange/science/causes.html 5. http://www.climatecetnral.org/news/sea-levels-rise-20-feet-19211

6. Sustainbale agriculture,chapter-5,Tamil Nadu State Action Plan for Climate Change 7. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viluppuram_ditsrict 8. Distcrict Grounndwater Broucher,Villuppuram Ditsrict,TamilNadu 9. Indigenous knowledge aboout climate change:ValidaAng the percepAons of dryland farmers in tamilnadu –Jayakumara varadan & Pramod kumar

Arun can be contacted at arunpyr@gmail.com

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Wv Cu th\ ag. A¼ehbens\ Npän \n¡p

¶ DbÀ¶ Ggv henb Icn¼mdsI«pIfmWv th\

ense ags]bv¯ns\ km[yam¡p¶Xv. ag¡v Imc

W¡mcmIpI F¶Xv am{Xaà agshÅs¯ kw`

cn¡p¶ {]IrXnZ¯ Pekw`cWnIfmbn hÀ¯n

¡pI F¶Xpw ]mdIfpsS IÂ]nX IÀ½amWv.

]mdIÄ Pew H¸nsbSp¡m¯hbmsW¦nepw A

hbv¡v apIfnepff h\kky taem¸v hensbmcf

thmfw agshÅw kw`cn¡p¶hbmWv. ag s]¿p

t¼mÄ Ipd¨p shÅw ]mdIfnse hnShpIfnte

¡v Acn¨nd§n t]mIp¶p. AtX kabw Xs¶

]e ]e AScpIfmbpff kkytaem¸pw Ah¡nS

bnse hmbp AdIfpw shÅw kv-t]m©p t]mse

H¸nsbSp¡p¶ ssPh Ahinã§fpw shffs¯

In\nªnd§m³ A\phZn¡pIbpw CuÀ¸s¯

\ne\nÀ¯pIbpw sN¿p¶p. C§s\ In\nªnd

§p¶ PeamWv a®ScpIfn kw`cn¡s¸Sp¶Xv.

]n¶oSv `qKÀ` Pe¯nsâ KXn \nb{´n¡p¶Xn

33 Bdm-«p-]m-dsb J\-\- n \n¶pw kwc-£n-¡Ww F¶m-h-i-y-s¸«v F³.-F-kv.-F-kv. kwL-Sn- n¨ {]Xn-tj[w

epw ]mdIÄ ]¦v hln¡p¶p­v. XmcXtay\ DbÀ

¶ {]tZi§fn \n¶v Xmgv¶nS§fnte¡v sh

Åw HgpIpw F¶Xv tIhebpànbmsW¦nepw

\mw ImWp¶ cq]¯n ]mdIÄ kÖoIcn¡s¸

«n«nÃmbncp¶psh¦n `qKÀ`Pe¯nsâ Hgp¡v D-

­mIpambncp¶nÃ. th\¡me¯v {]mtZinI \o

ÀtNmeIfpsS Hgp¡ns\ ipjv-¡n¨v t]mImsX k

Poham¡p¶Xn ]mdIÄ¡v taepÅ h\kky

taem¸pw th\Â agbpw hln¡p¶ ]¦v A\ntj

[yamWv. Icn¼mdIfpsS D¨nbn \n¶v th\en

epw agbnepw Htc t]mse In\nªnd§nbncp¶

tNmeIfpsSbpw tXmSpIfpsSbpw \\hnemWv A

¼ehbense a®pw a\pjy\pw Pohsâ Xncn \o

«nbncp¶Xv. ag am{Xaà {]mtZinIamb aªv hogv

Ntbbpw XWpt¸dnb DbÀ¶ ]mdsI«pIÄ Dd¸v

hcp¯p¶p­v. A¼ehb {]tZi¯n\v X\Xm

b Hcp ImemhØ cq]s¸Sp¯p¶Xnepw AXnsâ

kz`mh khntijXIsf \ne\nÀ¯p¶Xnepw A

Xn\mhiy\amb hnhn[ LSI§sf hnf¡n tNÀ

¡p¶ I®nbmbnhÀ¯n¡p¶Xpw Cu ]md kaq

lamWv. AXpsIm­mWv hb\mSnsâ s]mXpkz

`mh¯n \n¶pw hyXykvXambn h\§fpw ac

¡q«§fpw XmcXtay\ Ipdª {]tZiambn«v Iq

Sn A¼ehben CuÀ¸w \ndª A´co£m

hØbpw {Iaamb agbpw aªpw anXamb NqSpw

IeÀ¶ ImemhØbpw e`yamIp¶Xv.

a\pjymhØIÄ¡v A\pIqeamb kml

Ncy§fmWnh. AXpsIm­v Xs¶ Ncn{Xmt\zjn

IÄ FS¡Â Kplbpw FS¡ent\mSv Gsd ASp

¯ A¼ehbense ]mdkaql§fpsS Xmgvhmc

§fpw {]mNo\ a\pjycpsS BhmkØm\§fm

bn tcJs¸Sp¯p¶XnÂ3 A`v`pXs¸Sms\m¶panÃ.

A¼ehbense Bdm«p]mdbn J\\w \S¡p¶

Xn\v FXnÀhi¯v Ct¸mgpw KplIfmbpw AdI

fmbpw ASbmf§Ä Ahtijn¡p¶p­v. ASbm

f§sfm¶pw shdpsX Ahtijn¡p¶hbÃ. A

h \nc´cw NneXv HmÀ½s¸Sp¯p¶p­v. Icn¼md

sI«pIfm aqSn Dujcsa¶v tXm¶pt¼mgpw Nfn

IeÀ¶v an\pkapÅ a®pw ]mdIÄ Npc¯p¶

tNmeIfpw kz`mh¯n IrXyX ]peÀ¯p¶ ag

bpw {]mNo\ a\pjycpsS ImÀjnImhiy§sf

Afhn Ihnªv klmbn¨ncp¶XpsIm­mWv

A¼ehbense ]mds¡«pIfpsS Xmgv-hcIfnÂ

a\pjyPoh³ DS \o«n Fgpt¶äXv. ASp¯Im

ew hsc A¼ehben s\ÂIrjn kPohambn

\ne\n¶v t]m¶Xv A¯csamcp `qXIme¯nsâ

XpSÀ¨ IWs¡bmWv. Cu XpSÀ¨bv¡v AdpXnh

¶Xv ap³s]§panÃm¯ hn[w Ipd¨v hÀj§fm

bn A¼ehben A\p`hs¸Sp¶ ISp¯ Pe

£ma¯nsâ ^eambmWv. IrXyambn ]dªmÂ

J\\§Ä kIe ]cn[nIfpw ewLn¨v A¼ehb

ense ]mds¡«pIsf Xpc¶pw s]m«n¨pw ]mXmf

temIt¯¡pÅ s]cphgnIfp­m¡n XpS§nbXn

\v tijw. Pohsâ km[yXIfpw Hcp {]tZi¯n

sâ ImemhØbpw X½n Cg]ncns¨Sp¡m\mIm

¯ _ÔamWpÅXv. AXäpt]mIp¶tXmsS kz

34 A¼-e-h-b-en am\w-ap«n \n¡p¶ Icn-¼m-d-tbmSv tNÀ¶v {]hÀ¯n-¡p¶ {IjÀ bqWnäv

Øambn Pohn¡m³ Ignbp¶ CS§fmWv CÃm

XmIp¶sX¶v A¼ehbensâ `qXIme¯nse

bpw hÀ¯am\Ime¯nsebpw hyXncnàamb A

\p`h§Ä km£ys¸Sp¯p¶p. A¼ehbenÂ

\S¡p¶ henb tXmXnepÅ J\\§fpsS BLm

X§sf \mw Afs¶Sp¡p¶Xv ]mdaSIÄ tI{µo

Icn¨n«pÅ A¼ehb taJebnse Nne {]tZi

§sf ap³\nÀ¯nbmWv. ssa\À an\d ImäKdn

bnÂs]Sp¶ ]mdaSIÄ Ah {]hÀ¯n¡p¶ sN

dnb Npäfhnse ImemhØsbbmWv kzm[o\n¡p

¶Xv. Hcp taJesb apgph\mbn ]cnKWn¡pt¼m

Ä aäp ]e LSI§fpsSbpw kzm[o\¯m a\

Ênem¡m³ Ignbm¯{Xbpw kq£vaamb (Micro Level) ImemhØ hyXnbm\§Ä¡mWv ]mdaSI

Ä ImcWamIp¶Xv. AXpsIm­mWv hensbmcp

taJebn ]c¶v InS¡p¶ J\\§Ä Imemh

Øbn sNep¯p¶ kzm[o\§sf a\Ênem¡p

¶Xn\v Nne ]cntOZ§sf B{ibnt¡­nhcp

¶Xv4. A¼e hb taJebn Gähpw IqSpXÂ

IzmdnIfpÅ CS§fnsem¶mWv Ip¼tfcn. AXn

sâ ]cnWnX ^e§Ä Ip¼tfcn \nhmknIÄ

A\p`hn¡p¶pap­v. C\nsbmcn¡epw tISp]mSp

IÄ XoÀ¯v ]cnlcn¡m\mIm¯ hn[w Imemh

Øbnep­mb hyXnbm\§fn PohXXmf§Ä

\ãs¸«v t]mIp¶Xns\ Ipdn¨pÅ thhemXnIfm

Wv AhÀ ]¦psh¡p¶Xv.

e¡pw eKm\panÃm¯ J\\§fpsS ^e

ambn BZyw A{]Xy£ambXv ]mdsI«pIfnÂ

\n¶pw DÛhn¨ncp¶ \oÀtNmeIfpw tXmSpIfp

amWv. Ip¼tfcnbnse P\§Ä Ime§fmbn Ir

jn¡pw aäp ssZ\wZn\mhiy§Ä¡pw D]tbmKn

¨ncp¶ Pet{kmXÊpIfmWv ]mdaSIfpsS {]hÀ

¯\w aqew CÃmsXbmbXv. ]mdaSIfnse ià

amb kv-t^mS\¯n KXnamdnbpw kv-t^mS\w aq

ew ]mdIfn hogp¶ hnÅepIfnte¡v In\nªn

d§nbpw ]mdaSIfnse Xs¶ amen\y§Ä sIm-

­pw taÂa®v CSnªv hoWpsams¡bmWv \oÀ

tNmeIfpw tXmSpIfpw ]ctemIhmkw ]qInbXv.

]mds¡«pIfpsS D¨nbn Xs¶ Xpc¶v kvt^mS

I hkvXp¡Ä \nd¨v s]m«n¡p¶Xn\m ]e tNm

eIfpw XpS¡¯n Xs¶ CÃmXm¡s¸«p. Pe

tcJIÄ Htcm¶mbn ambvªnÃmsXbm¡p¶Xv h

cm\ncn¡p¶ AkzØXIfpsS kqN\IÄ am{X

ambncp¶psh¶v A[nIw sshImsX Xs¶ a\Ên

emIm³ XpS§n. {]tZis¯ agbpsS {]IrXnZ¯

{IaoIcW§Ä¡mWv Imcyamb amä§fp­mbXv.

t\cs¯ kqNn¸n¨Xv t]mse Ip¼tfcnbS¡w

A¼ehb taJebnse H«pan¡ {]tZis¯bpw

Pee`yX Dd¸v hcp¯p¶ {][m\ LSIw th\Â

agbmbncp¶p. CSapdnªpw AÃmsXbpw {]tZi

¯p­mbncp¶ Ipän¡mSpIfpw ]mdsI«pIÄ¡p

taepÅ kkytaem¸pw H¸w tNmeIfpw ImcW

amIp¶ _mjv]oIcW {]{InbbpsS ^eambn D-

­mIp¶ \ocmhnbmWv th\Â agtaL§fmbn

cq]w sIm­ncp¶Xv. C§s\ cq]w sImÅp¶ ag

35

taL§sf hln¨psIm­v t]mIm³ A\phZn¡m

sX Imäns\ XSªv \nÀ¯n ag s]¿n¨ncp¶Xv

{]tZis¯ DbÀ¶ ]mdsI«pIfmbncp¶p. J\\w

aqew ]mdsI«pIÄ¡v XeIÄ \ãs¸«v XpS§nb

tXmsS th\Â agbpsS Afhnepw kz`mh¯nepw

amä§fp­mbn. ]mdaSIfpsS F®w s]cpIp¶Xn

\pw hyXykvX§fmb Icn¦Â DXv]¶ DXv]mZ\

bqWnäpIÄ ({IjÀ, Fwþkm³Uv) hÀ²n¡p¶Xn

\\pkcn¨pw _mjv]oIcW¯nsâ tXmXpw Ipd

ªv h¶p.

hb\m«nse ImemhØm hyXnbm\s¯¸

än CXn\Iw Hcp]mSv ]T\§Ä D­mbn«p­vv. hb

\m«nse dqd GP³kn t^mÀ tkmjy Bâv

sSIv-t\mfPn¡Â B£\pw _m¥qcnse ]»n¡v

A^tbgv-kv skâdpw IqSn \S¯nb ]T\w5 CXn

 {it²bamWv. C´ybnse aäv {Kma§sf t]m

se Xs¶ hb\mSpw PohntXm]m[nIÄ¡p th­n

AanXambn {]mtZinI ImemhØsb B{ibn¡p

¶ps­¶pw AXpsIm­v Xs¶ ImemhØbnep-

­mIp¶ hfsc sNdnb amä§Ä t]mepw {]Xy

£hpw ]tcm£hpamb kzm[o\§Ä hb\mSn

sâ ]mcnØnXnImhØIfnepw H¸w P\PohnX

¯nepw sNep¯p¶ps­¶pw Cu ]T\w \nco£n

¡p¶p­v. Ip¼tfcnbpsS Imcy¯n Cu \nco

£W¯n\v henb {]m[m\yap­v. km[mcW

coXnbn A¼ehben e`yambncp¶ Pq¬ apX

 sk]väw_À hsc \o­p\n¡p¶ ImehÀj

s¯bpw HtÎm_À apXÂ \hw_À hscbpÅ

Ing¡³ ImehÀj¯ns\bpw ASnØm\s¸Sp

¯nbmWv Ip¼tfcnbnse IpSntbä IÀjIcpsS

bpw IÀjI sXmgnemfnIfpsSbpw PohnXmhØ

IÄ {IaoIcn¡s¸«ncp¶Xpw AhcpsS km¼¯n

Ihpw kmaqlyhpamb Bhiy§Ä \ndthäs¸«n

cp¶Xpw. ImehÀj¯n\pw Ing¡³ ImehÀj

¯n\pw kw`hn¨ hyXnbm\§Ä Ip¼tfcnbnse

ImÀjnI PohnXs¯ Xmdpamdm¡n. XmcXtay\

hcĨ A\p`hs¸Sp¶ hSt¡ hb\mSns\ A

t]£n¨v sXt¡ hb\m«n {]tXyIn¨v A¼e

hb taJeIfn XWp¸v A\p`hs¸Sp¶Xv

a®n Du¶n Dd¨v t]mb ]mds¡«pIsf ASn

Øm\s¸Sp¯nbpÅ `qan imkv{X]camb {]tXy

IXIfmemWv.

hb\mSv PnÃbpsS hnhn[ taJeIfnÂ

h\\ioIcWhpw DbÀ¶ tXmXnepÅ \nÀ½mW

§fpamWv hn\mi¯nsâ aqeImcWsa¦n Ip

¼tfcnbnteXv ]mdaSIfptSbpw J\\¯ntâbpw

cq]¯nemWv {]Xy£s¸Sp¶Xv. ]mdIsf Xpc

¶pw s]m«n¨pw s]mSnbm¡nbpw J\\ hyhkmb

§Ä Ip¼tfcnbn {]Xy£s¸Sp¶Xn\v ap¼pw,

kÀÆk¶ml§fpap]tbmKn¨v Izmdn am^nb {]

tZi¯v B[n]Xyw Ac¡n«pd¸n¡p¶Xphtcbpw

Ip¼tfcnbnse IÀjIcpsSbpw IÀjI sXmgnem

fnIfpsSbpw {][m\ hcpam\ amÀ¤§Ä s\ÂIr

jnbpw IpcpapfIpambncp¶p. CXmIs« {]mtZinI

ambn e`yamIp¶ ag, Pee`yX, aªv XpS§nb

LSI§sf ASnØm\s¸Sp¯n am{Xw \ne\nÂ

Hcp aWÂ \nÀamW bqWnäv

36

¡p¶hbmbncp¶p. F¶m {]tZi¯nsâ LS

\m]camb {]tXyIXIsf ]qÀ®ambn \in¸n¨n

ÃmsXbm¡pw hn[apÅ J\\w aqew agbpsS kz

`mh¯n kw`hn¨ amä¯n IpcpapfIpw s\Â

Irjnbpw Bi¦IfpWÀ¯p¶ tNmZyNnÓ§fm

bn amdn.

hfsc IrXyamb coXnbn s]¿pambncp

¶ Pq¬ apXÂ sk]väw_À hscbpÅ ImehÀ

jhpw XpSÀ¶pÅ Ing¡³ ImehÀjhpw J\\

s¯ XpSÀ¶v \mamhtijambn. ]Icw t\chpw

ImehpanÃmsX Ipd¨v kabtam Znhk§tfmfw

\o­v \n¡p¶ AXniàamb I\¯ agbmbn.

IÀjIcpsS a\¡W¡pIfn IpSp§n¡nS¶ncp

¶ ag¡me§Ä AhcpsS Dul§fn \n¶pw

Iq«n¡ngn¡epIfn \n¶pw ]nSnsImSp¡msX sX

¶namdn. F¶n«v H«pw \n\¨ncn¡m¯ t\c v

Akpc`mh¯n BÀ¯e¨v s]¿m³ XpS§n.

CXmIs« Ip¼tfcnbnse kmlNcy§Ä¡v H«pw

`qjWambncp¶nÃ. {]IrXnZ¯ PetcJIsfÃmw

J\\¯n BZyta tXªpamªv t]mbncp¶Xn

\m P\hmk taJeIfnte¡v HgpInbnd§m³

]mXIfnÃmsX I\¯ agbneqsS e`yamb shÅw

D]tbmKanÃmsX ]md¡pgnIfn \ndªv sI«n

\n¶p. ag¡me§fpsS {Iaw sXäpIbpw s]¿p¶

ag Pemhiy§sf \ndthäm³ HcpXc¯nepw D]

tbmK{]ZaÃmXmhpIbpw sNbvXtXmsS ImehÀ

j¯nse ags]bv¯n\v A\pkrXambn sNbvXv

t]m¶ncp¶ s\ IrjnbpsS XpSÀ¨Ifäp. Pq¬

amk¯n am\w Idp v Ibdn s]bvXnd§pambn

cp¶ agbpsS Pe kar²nsb am{Xw B{ibn¨ncp

¶ \© Irjn ]msS \ne¨Xv IrXykab¯v ag

bnÃm¯Xn\mepw tNmeIfnse \oscmgp¡pIÄ

A{]Xy£ambXn\mepap­mb Pe£ma¯mem

sW¶v {]mtZinI IÀjIcpw ]cnØnXn{]hÀ¯

Icpw km£ys¸Sp¯p¶p­v.

IpcpapfIv IrjnbpsS Imcy¯nepw kw`

hn¨Xv asäm¶Ã. Pq¬ amk¯nse ag Bcw`n

¡pt¼mÄ \«p ]nSn¸n¡p¶ IpcpapfIv hÅnIÄ

ag kPohamIp¶tXmsS thcp]nSn¡pIbpw Pq

sse amk¯nse IÀ¡nSI ag I\¡p¶tXmsS D-

­mIp¶ CuÀ¸hpw XWp¸pw \ndª Imemh

Øbn XncnbnSpIbpambncp¶p ]Xnhv. IÀ¡nS

I ag¡nsS ImehÀj¯n\p­mIp¶ HcmgvNtbm

fw ssZÀLyapÅ agsbmgnhpIÄ CXn\\pIqeam

b kmlNcyhpambncp¶p. agapdnªtXmsS A\p

Iqeamb A´co£hpw ImemhØbpanÃmsX

IpcpapfIv Irjnbpw AhXmf¯nembn. Ip¼tfcn

bnse IpSntbä IÀjI IpSpw_§fn `qcn`mK

hpw hÀjm´y§fn IpcpapfIv ]dn¨p hnäv am

{Xw hcpam\¯nsâ \sÃmcp ]¦v Is­¯nbncp

¶ Imeap­mbncp¶p. ImemhØ¡v kw`hn¨

ISp¯ hyXnbm\¯n IpcpapfIv XncnbnSmXm

IpIbpw IpcpapfIv hÅnIÄ ]qÀ®ambpw Dt]

£n¡pIbpw sNbvXtXmsS FÃmw `qXIme¯n

sâ Xo£vWamb HmÀ½IÄ IWs¡ Htcm IÀj

Itâbpw DÅn XnSwsh¨v InS¡p¶p­v.

IÀjI\pw Izmdn hncp² kac§fn k

Pohhpambncp¶ Ip¼tfcn \nhmknbmb tP¡_v

tN«\mWv Xsâ \mSn\pw \m«pImcpsS PohnX¯n

\pw ta J\\w aqew h¶p`hn¨ ZptcymK§sf

¡pdn¨v kwkmcn¨Xv. GXm­v 35 Iznâ Ipcpap

fIv DÂ]mZn¸n¨ncp¶ tP¡_v tN«\n¶v 5 Iznâ

en\Sp¯mWv IpcpapfIv In«p¶Xv. AXpXs¶

henb `mKyambn«mWv tP¡_v tN«³ IcpXp¶Xv.

F¶n«pw `qXIme¯nse HmÀ½Ifpw \S¸v Ime

s¯ \nÊlmbXIfpw IeÀ¶ AhØbn ]nSn

hn«v t]mIpt¼mgp­mIp¶ A¦em¸v AbmÄ¡v

ad¨v sh¡m\mbnÃ: “]d¼n ImWp¶ GsX¦n

epsams¡ ac§tfmSv tNÀ¶v ag s]bvXv a®v \\

bps¼m Hcp hÅn \«m ]ns¶ Xncnbn«v ]mIam

Ip¶ apfIv ]dn¡m³ t]mbn t\m¡nbm aXnbm

bncp¶p. shdpsX In«nbncp¶ ku`mKy§fmWv

CÃmXmbn t]mIp¶Xv.''

XWp¸pw t\cnb NqSpw IeÀ¶ antXmjv

W ImemhØbmbncp¶p A¼ehb taJebp

sS Ømbo`mhw. "NqtSm, NqsS¶v ]dbm\mInÃ.

HcpXcw thhemWv. sXmenbn \n¶v Hcp XpÅn

hnbÀ¸v s]mSnbm¯ Xcw hn§Â’. ImemhØm

hyXnbm\s¯¡pdn¨pw ag Ipdbp¶Xns\]änbp

sams¡ tNmZn¨m sPbv-k¬ tN«sâ adp]Snbn

XmWv. I¸äbpw ao\§mSnbpw Ignªv Ip¼tf

cnbnte¡v ASp¡p¶tXmsS sPbv-k¬ tN«³

]dªv sh¨Xv A\p`hn¨dnbm\mIpw. ]mdaSIfn

 kv-t^mS\§Ä \S¡pt¼mgp­mIp¶ I«n¸p

Ibpw ]mds¸mSn IeÀ¶ s]mSn]Se§fpw {IjÀ,

Fw.km³Uv bqWnäpIfn \n¶pÅ s]mSn]Se

§fpw A´co£¯n hebw t]mse X§n

\n¶v kqcy {]Imis¯ XSbp¶Xnsâ ^eambn

_mjv]oIcW {]{Inb IrXyamIm¯Xv sIm­m

Wv antXmjvW Imemhءv hyXnbm\w kw`hn

¡p¶sX¶mWv CtX¸än hnZKv²À A`n{]mbs¸Sp

¶Xv. ]mdaSIfn \n¶v GXm\pw hmsc AIse

bmWv sPbv-k¬ tN«\pw IpSpw_hpw Xmakn¡p

¶Xv.

Pe£mas¯ sNmÃn \m«pImcpsS {]Xn

tj[§fp­mbt¸mÄ `qKÀ` PehIp v {]tZi

¯v ]cntim[\s¡¯n. F¶m ]cntim[\¡v

tijw Ip¼tfcnbS¡w J\\w tI{µoIcn¨n«pÅ

A¼ehb taJeIfn bmsXmcp hn[¯nepap

Å Pe£maansöpw Pe£ma¯n\v ImcWam

tb¡mhp¶ Fs´¦nepw LSI§tfsbm Is­-

¯m\mbnà F¶pamWv dnt¸mÀ«v sNbvXXv6. ]t£

A\p`h bmYmÀ°y§sf ad¨v sh¡m³ C¯cw

dnt¸mÀ«pIÄ¡v IgnbnÃtÃm. ""Pe£maansænÂ

]ns¶ F´n\mWv ]©mb¯pw Izmdn¡mcpw IpSn

37

shÅw sIm­p \S¶v hnXcWw sNbvXXv? Ip¼

tfcn¡mÀ¡v CXv ]pXnb A\p`hamWv. IpSnsh

Å hnXcWamIs« ]XnhmIpIbmWv. F§s\

]XnhmImXncn¡pw? CXphsc Hcp th\enepw hän

bn«nÃm¯ tP¡_nsâ ]d¼nse Ipg InWÀ

hsc shÅanÃmsX hän t]mhpIbmWv''. hb\mSv

PnÃbnse A[nIrXhpw A\[nIrXhpamb ]mdaS

IfpsS ]cn[nIfnÃm¯ hn`hNqjW¯ns\Xnsc

tImSXnsb kao]n¨ [À½cmPmWv kwkmcn¨Xv.

Ip¼tfcnbS¡apÅ A¼ehbÂtaJebnse Izm

dn tI{µoIrX {]tZi§fn GXm\pw hÀj§fm

bn A\p`hs¸Sp¶ Pe£mahpw IzmdnbnMpw

X½n hà _Ôhpapt­m F¶ tNmZy¯n\v hy

àamb adp]Snbp­v At±l¯n\v. ""]mdaSIfpw

aäv bqWnäpIfpw C§s\ s]cpIp¶Xn\v ap³]pw

R§fnhnsS Pohn¨ncp¶p. A¶v shÅhpw ag

bpw D­mbncp¶p. \Ã ImemhØbpw Irjnbpap-

­mbncp¶p. ]mdaSIÄ hym]IambXn\p tijam

Wv ]mds¡«pIfn \n¶pw DÛhn¨ncp¶ tNme

IÄ Hmtcm¶mbn A{]Xy£ambn XpS§nbXv.

]mds¡«pIÄ Xpc¶pw s]m«n¨pw temdnIfnÂ

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¯t¡SpIÄ Xs¶bmWv {]kàn. ImemhØm

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sfbmWv AXv Xpd¶v Im«p¶Xv.

Ip¼tfcnbn \n¶pw GXm­v ]¯v

IntemaoäÀ Zqc¯n doPnbW dnkÀ¨v A{Kn

IĨd skâdn Øm]n¨n«pÅ hÀjam]n\n

bnepw sXÀt½maoädnepw A¼ehb taJebp

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]dªphcp¶Xv HutZymKnI tcJIÄ Nne

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AXnsâ kz`mhw F¶mWv. Cu ]pd´ÅÂ \S

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Wv Ip¼tfcn. Iogv¯«n kw`hn¨psIm­ncn¡p

¶ AhØmhyXnbm\§sf IrXyambn hnebncp

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Å {ia§fpsSbpw A`mhamWv Cu ]pdwXÅen

sâ ASnØm\ ImcWw. asämcÀ°¯n ]d

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¶ hnhc§tfbpw IW¡pItfbpw ap³\nÀ¯n

bmWv NÀ¨Ifpw kwhmZ§fpw \nehn apt¶m«v

t]mIp¶sX¶ncns¡ ]cnanXambhsb am{Xw

38

IW¡n s]Sp¯n {]mtZinIhpw AXy´kq£v

ahpamb ImemhØmhyXnbm\§sf \ncmIcn¨pw

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¶ s]mcp¯t¡SpIÄ F§s\bmWv Imemh

Øm hyXnbm\s¯ kw_Ôn¨ NÀ¨Itfbpw

hn`hNqjW§Äs¡Xncmb {]Xntcm[ {ia§tf

bpw ss_]mkv sN¿p¶sX¶v a\Ênem¡m³

km[n¡pw.

kwØm\¯v ]mdaSIÄ¡v ssek³kv

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\nÀ_Ôam¡p¶Xpambn _Ôs¸« hmZ§fpw

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amWnXv. sNdpInS IzmdnIÄ¡v ]mcnØnXnI B

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Xe¯n GsX¦nepw Xc¯nepÅ ]mcnØnXnI

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dnIfpw {]hÀ¯n¨v sIm­ncn¡p¶Xv. ]mdaSIÄ

¡v ssek³kv \ÂIp¶Xn\v ]mcnØnXnI B

LmX ]T\w \nÀ_Ôam¡p¶Xpambn _Ôs¸«v

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Xv. ssa\À an\d hn`mK¯nÂs]Sp¶ [mXp¡Ä

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¶bn¨v sNdpInS IzmdnIÄ¡v ssek³kv e`n¡p

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]t£ tIcf kÀ¡mÀ Xocpam\¯ns\Xnsc ]cn

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¶sX¦n CXns\Xnsc kÀ¡mÀ H¯mibnÂ

A¸o \ÂInb Izmdn DSaIfpsS lÀPn ]cnK

Wn¨v sNdpInS IzmdnIÄ¡v ]mcnØnXnI BLm

X ]T\w BhiyansömWv kp{]ow tImSXn hn

[n¨Xv. Cu hn[nbmIs« lcnbm\ Vs Zo]Iv Ipam

À9 tIkn J\\§fpsS kz`mhw t\m¡msX

FÃmXcw J\\§Ä¡pw ]mcnØnXnI BLmX

]T\w BhiyamsW¶ kp{]ow tImSXnbpsS

hn[n\ymbs¯ Xs¶ {]iv-\hXv¡cn¡p¶XmWv.

Htc hnjb¯n Xs¶ hyXykvXamb \ne]mSp

IÄ D­mIp¶Xv Nne ØnXn hnhc IW¡pIsf

ap³\nÀ¯nbmWv. kwØm\s¯ IzmdnIÄs¡

Ãmw ]mcnØnXnI BLmX ]T\w \nÀ_Ôam¡n

bm BLmX ]T\w \S¯n ssek³kv A\ph

]md L\\w – asämcp Zriyw

39

Zn¡p¶Xns\Sp¡p¶ ImeXmakw tIcf¯nsâ

hnIk\ ]²XnItfbpw \nÀ½mW taJetbbpw

apcSn¸nt¨¡psa¶ hmZ§fp¶bn¨v kÀ¡mÀ \nc

¯p¶ em`, \ã IW¡pIsf AhKWn¡m³ k

½À±w sNep¯p¶ coXnbn J\\w aqew ]cn

ØnXn¡v kw`hn¡p¶ kq£vaamb XIcmdpItf

bpw AhØmhyXnbm\§tfbpw hyàam¡m³

Ignbp¶ IW¡pIfpw tcJIfpw sXfnhmbn Db

À¯n¡mWn¡m³ Ignbm¯ kmlNcy§Ä \ne

\n¡p¶Xv hn[n\ymb§sf kzm[o\n¡p¶p­v

F¶pthWw a\Ênem¡m³. F´pXs¶bmbmepw

sshcp²y§Ä am{Xw \ndªv \n¡p¶ IW¡p

IfpsS IfnIfn CÃmsXbmIp¶Xv Pohn¡m³

tbmKyamb CS§fmWv. H¸w ]mcnØnXnI \oXn

bpambn _Ôs¸«v \mw \S¯ns¡m­ncn¡p¶

CSs]SepIfptSbpw kwhmZ§fpsSbpw A´:k

¯bmWv.

sd^d³kv

1. ]Xnaq¶mw tIcf \nbak` ]cnØnXn kw_

Ôn¨ kanXn (2014-þ2016) dnt¸mÀ«v (tIcf¯nse

IzmdnIfpsS {]hÀ¯\w kw_Ôn¨v)

2. dnt¸mÀ«v (kn.BÀ-201/2011)

Nabeel can be contacted at nabeel.ckm31@gmail.com

3. UntImSnMv Z ao\nMv Bâv _neo^v-kv Atkm

kntbäUv hn¯v s]t{Sm¥n¸v-kv C³ FS¡Â

tdm¡v sjÂäÀ, tIcf, C´y; APn¯v IpamÀ,

hmÂImtamWnI knwt]mknbw

4. F³hntdm¬saâ B³v tkmjy Cw]mÎv-

kv Hm^v tÌm¬ IzmdnbnMv- tIkv ÌUn Hm^v

tImeme¼qÀ Unkv{SnÎv,

5. ss¢aäv s{Sâv-kv C³ hb\mSv: thmbv-kv {^w

I½yqWnän; [t\jv IpamÀ, ]h³ {io\mYv; 2011

6. hb\mSv PnÃm `qKÀ` PehIp¸nsâ dnt¸mÀ«v,

2010

7. 2015 s^{_phcn 7\v tIcf kÀ¡mÀ AwKoI

cn¨ sI.Fw.Fw.kn.BÀ 2015-sâ IcSv hnÚm

]\¯n Nm]väÀ A©n sk£³ 27 Ir

Xyambn kqNn¸n¨ncp¶ ]cnØnXn A\paXn

\nbaambt¸mÄ sk£³ 9- se Ahyàamb

Hcp kqN\ am{Xambn.

8. EIA notification 2006. 9. India -- Deepak Kumar and others v. State of Haryana

and Others, I.A. Nos. 12-13/2011in SLP (C) 19628-19629/2009 (2012.02.27) (Supreme Court of India) (Order) (Environmental Clearance required for mining leases under five hectares)

40

ImemhØm hyXnbm\hpw h\mhImi§fpw AJntejv Nn¹n

a\pjyhÀ¤w C¶v t\cnSp¶ Gähpw hen

b {]XnkÔn ImemhØm hyXnbm\amWv. hntcm

[m`mksa¶v ]dbs«, AXmWv \½fn¶v Gähpa

[nIw I­nsöv \Sn¡p¶Xpw. ]Xns\«mw \qäm-

­nsâ a[y¯n XpS§nb hymhkmbnI hn¹hw

hnIk\¯nsâ t]cn \nb{´WanÃm¯ h\\

ioIcW¯nte¡v \bn¨p. a\pjy\mWv CXnsâ

GI D¯chmZnsb¶Xv hyàw. F¶m IqSpX

 BfpIÄ¡pw AXns\¡pdn¨pw AXnsâ {]

XymLmX§sf¡pdn¨pw AdnbnsöXmWv hmkv

Xhw. Hcp Xc¯nesæn asämcp Xc¯n Cu

{]]©¯nse FÃm PohPme§fpw Cu ØnXnhn

tij¯nsâ `mKamWv. a\pjy³ Iq«ambn D­m

¡nsbSp¯ Cu AhØ ]cnlcn¡m\pw a\pjy

sâ Iq«mb {iaw BhiyamWv.

kzmX{´y ]qÀh C´ybn ‘cmPv`qan' F

¶dnbs¸«ncp¶ h\§Ä kwc£nX `qanbmbn«m

Wv IW¡m¡nbncp¶Xv. kzmX´y¯n\p tijw

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b kwhmZ§Ä¡pw XÀ¡§Ä¡pw hgnh¨p. F

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kaql§fpw AhcpsS coXnIfpw BNmc§fpw

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]¦v AwKoIcn¡m³ XpS§n. AhÀ¡v AÀlamb

{]m[m\yw \ÂIns¡m­v 2006- tI{µ kÀ¡mÀ

h\mhImi \nbaw sIm­ph¶p.

XeapdIfmbn ImSnsâ `mKambncp¶ BZn

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[m\yw Xncn¨dnªpÅXmbncp¶p h\mhImi \n

baw. cmPys¯ h\sa¶ AXoh {]m[m\yapÅ

hn`h¯nsâ Aw_mkUÀamcmbn icnbmb hn[

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§Ä KpWt¯¡mÄ Gsd tZmjamhpIbpw sNbv

Xp. AtX¡pdn¨v Hcp sNdnb {]tZi¯v \S¯nb

Bg¯nepÅ ]T\amWv ChnsS {]Xn]mZn¡p¶Xv.

ssPhsshhn[y§Ä \ndªXmWv IÀWm

SIbnse jntamK PnÃbnse kmKÀ Xmeq¡v. F

¶ment¸mÄ PesshZypX Xm]\neb§Ä AhnSp

s¯ \n_nU h\s¯ hngp§nbXv aqew CsXmcp

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jv-IcW \nbaw h¶t¸mÄ IqSpX P\§Ä¡pw

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¶ tXm¶embncp¶p. XeapdIÄ ]n¶n«t¸mÄ

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jn`qan hÀ[n¸n¡m\pÅ Htcsbmcp amÀ¤w h\

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cw slÎÀ h\`qanbmbncp¶p. sNdnb Irjn`qan

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sIm­v {]tbmP\w D­mIWsa¦n AbmÄ kz

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F¶m kmKÀ Xmeq¡nse Ahtijn¡p

¶ ag¡mSpIÄ¡p Xs¶ h\mhImi \nbaw C

41

kmK-dnse Xym-KmÀ¯n-bn h\- qan It¿-dp-Ibpw h\-\-io-I-cWw \S- p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xnsâ sXfn-hpIÄ. t^mt«m : AJn-tejv Nn¹n

t¸mÄ tZmjIcambn XoÀ¶ncn¡p¶p. Im«n \q

äm­pIfmbn Pohn¨ncp¶ X\Xv BZnhmkn kaq

l§fpsS XmXv]cyw kwc£n¡pI F¶Xmbncp

¶p Cu \nba¯nsâ {]mYanIamb e£yw. F

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CÃmXmbncn¡p¶p. Cu kaql§Ä ImSns\ kw

c£n¡psa¶Xn\m Ahsc kwc£n¡m\mbncp

¶p \nbaw e£yan«Xv. Im«n \n¶pw In«p¶ sN

dp hn`h§fmWv ChÀ PohnX amÀ¤¯n\mbn B

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cn¡m\pÅ ]e hyhØIfpw Cu \nba¯nep

­v. Cu \nba¯n\p Iogn hcp¶ BZnhmkn

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 aq¶v XeapdIfmbn Pohn¡p¶hcmIWw. aäv

]c¼cmKX BZnhmknIfpw Cu ImeL«¯n\p

ap¼v h\¯n Pohn¨p hcp¶hcmbncn¡pw. Ch

À h\`qanbn Pohn¡p¶htcm h\hn`h§sf

B{ibn¡p¶htcm BIWw. CXpambn _Ôs¸

«v ]ment¡­ Nne \n_Ô\Ifp­v.

1. h\mhImis¯ kw_Ôn¨v Xocpam\saSp¡m

³ {Kmak` tNcWw. BZy {Kmak`bn ] v-

]Xn\©v AwK§fpÅ kanXn D­m¡Ww.

Cu kanXnbn h\mhImi§Ä \S¸m¡m\p

Å Imcy§sf¡pdn¨v NÀ¨ sN¿Ww.

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Øew h\whIp¸ns\bpw At]£Is\bpw

Adnbn¨ tijw kµÀin¡Ww.

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hImi kanXn¡pw PnÃmXe kanXn¡pw {Kma

k`bv¡pw hnhc§Ä e`yam¡Ww. sXämb

AhImihmZ§fps­¦n AXv tcJmaqew

shfns¸Sp¯Ww.

4. Nne {][m\ kwKXnIÄ: a. h\whIp¸v DtZymKØÀ t\cn«v Øew hniZ

ambn ]cntim[n¨v {Kmak`sbtbm h\mhIm

i kanXnsbtbm hyàamb A`n{]mbw Adn

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¡pt¼mÄ AhÀ 75 hbÊn\p apIfnepÅhcm

sW¶pw am\knImtcmKyapÅhcmsW¶pw Dd

¸m¡Ww.

c. kanXnbnepÅhÀ {]tZiw kµÀin¡pt¼mÄ

h\w, dh\yp hIp¸v DtZymKØÀ \nÀ_Ôam

bpw lmPcmbncn¡Ww.

42

kmK-dnse Xym-KmÀ¯n-bn h\- qan It¿-dn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. t^mt«m: AJn-tejv Nn¹n

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Isb¶XpamWv.

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43

sam¯¯n Cu \b¯n\v h\{]tZi¯n

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camWv.

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2,50,000.00

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e£w G¡À h\w hr£clnXamIp¶Xnte¡v \

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sN¿p¶p.

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bw \S¸m¡nbt¸mÄ CXn\p kam\ambn h³

tXmXn h\\ioIcWw kw`hn¨p. ac§Ä sh

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cq£amIpw.

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44

se Cu hyXymkw _m[n¡pw. Htc¡À \n_nUh

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se PesshZypX Xm]\neb§fmWv. F¶m Ign

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sämcp Zqjy^eamWnXv. kmKdnse P\kwJybn

se (2.5 e£w) `qcn`mKhpw Irjntbbpw tXm«Ir

jntbbpw B{ibn¨v Pohn¡p¶hcmWv. CXnÂ

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s¯¡pdn¨v sXämb {]Xo£Ifpw sXän²mcWI

45

fpw ]Scp¶Xv XSbm³ CXv klmbn¡pw. Hmtcm

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t{]mÕmln¸n¡Ww.

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ag ]cnØnXn kulrZ PohnX¯n\v [mcmfamWv.

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ew kao]`mhnbn Xs¶bp­mIp¶ Zqjy^e

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bm\s¯ sNdp¡m³ ag¡mSpIsf kwc£n¡pI

bpw IqSqX hr£§Ä hfÀ¯pIbpw sN¿pI

F¶XmIWw hnIk\¯n Gähpw {]m[m\yw

\ÂtI­Xv.

Akhilesh Chipli can be contacted at swan7man@gmail.com

46

slmksIsclÅn XSmI ]p\cpÖoh\w tcJ k¼¯v

s_wKfqcp (ap¼v _mw¥qÀ F¶dnbs¸«ncp

¶ \Kcw) AXnsâ anX{]IrXnbpÅ ImemhØ

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amb Øm\w, kap{Z\nc¸n \n¶v 900 aoäÀ DbÀ

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cWnIfpambncp¶p. hnhn[ hep¸¯nepÅ \nch

[n XSmI§Ä \Kc¯nsâ ]e `mK§fnembn

NnXdn¡nS¡p¶p. Cu XSmI§Ä hmbphns\ Ip

fnÀ½bpÅXpw th\ens\ ITn\aÃm¯Xpam¡m³

klmbn¨p. XSmI§Ä¡v NpäpapÅ `qKÀ`Pe

hpw `qansb IpfnÀ½bpÅXm¡n XoÀ¡m³ klm

bIcambn.

s_wKfqcp C´ybnse ‘DZym\\Kc' sa¶

t]cnepw Adnbs¸Sp¶p. c­mw temIalmbp²

¯n\v tijw s_wKfqcphn {ZpXKXnbnepÅ hn

Ik\amWv \S¶Xv. hyhkmbhXv¡cWw \nch

[n Ahkc§Ä Xpd¶v sImSp¡pIbpw h³tXm

Xn IpSntbä¡mÀ F¯pIbpw sNbvXp. CXn\v

]n¶mse BtKmfhXv¡cWw hcnIbpw s_wK

fqcp ‘hnhc kmt¦XnI hnZybpsS lºv' Bbn

\nehn hcpIbpw sNbvXp. C´ybnse \nch[n

ÌmÀ«v A¸v I¼\nIfpsS amXr`qan IqSnbmWv

Cu \Kcw. F¶men¶v hnIkn¡p¶ \Kchpw A

Xpambn _Ôs¸« {]iv-\§fpw aqew Ct¸mÄ

‘N¸v- Nhdv \Kcw' F¶ Ip{]kn²nbmWpÅXv.

\Kc¯nsâ NSpeamb hfÀ¨ an¡hmdpw

sNdp -CS¯cw XSmI§sfbmsI hngp§n. \Kch

Xv¡cWw \nch[n XSmI§sf _kv tÌj\pI

fpw tÌUnbhpw A¸mÀ«v-saâv tImw]v-fIvkpIfp

am¡n cq]m´cs¸Sp¯n. ssIt¿ä§Ä ASbmf

§Ä t]mepw Ahtijn¸n¡msX sNdp XSmI§

sf A{]Xy£§fm¡n. XSmIXocs¯ h³ac§

fpw A{]Xy£ambn. s_wKfqcphnse {]IrXnZ

¯ kpJioXf ImemhØ NqSmbn hcp¶Xv B

tKmf Xm]\¯nsâ Hcp DZmlcWamWv. 2020-þHm

sS th\¡me¯v s_wKfqcphn DjvWXcwKw

A\p`hs¸Spsa¶v hnZKvZÀ ap¶dnbn¸v \ÂInbn

«p­v. a®v, hmbp, Pew F¶nhbpsS aen\oIcW

hpw s_wKfqcphnse P\§sf _m[n¨n«p­v. \K

c¯nse lcnX taJeIÄ Ipdªncn¡p¶p. Fb

À I­oj\pw F®aä hml\§fpw kv^SnI ]pd

apÅ Iqä³ sI«nS§fpw hÀ²n¨ \nÀ½mW {]h

À¯\§fpw Ipdbp¶ DZym\ CS§fpw XSmI§

fpw \Kcs¯ ZpcnX¯nte¡v XÅn hnSpIbmWv.

lcnXhmXI§Ä h³tXmXnemWv ChnsS ]pd´

Ås¸Sp¶Xv. bYmÀ°¯nÂ, aäv bmsXmcp {]Ir

XnZ¯ Pet{kmXkpIfpanÃm¯ \Kcw hfcpI

bpw hnIkn¡pIbpw sNbvXXv XSmI§Ä aqeam

Wv. AtX XSmI§Ä Ct¸mÄ NSpe \KchXv¡c

Ww aqew kmh[m\w acn¡pIbmWv. XSmI§Ä

\nÀ½n¡s¸«Xv KmÀlnI D]tbmK¯n\mbpÅ

IpSnshÅw, Irjn, I¶pImen hfÀ¯Â F¶nh

bv¡v Bhiyw ap³\nÀ¯nbmbncp¶p. XSmI§fp

sS km¶n²yw s_wKfqcphn\v NpäpapÅ {Kma§

fnse DbÀ¶ PehnXm\w \ne\nÀ¯p¶Xn\v k

lmbn¨p. B XSmI§Ä Ct¸mÄ aen\Pe tiJ

cW Øeambn amdnbncn¡p¶p F¶Xv bYmÀ°

¯n ]cnXm]IcamWv.

s_wKfqcphn \nehnepÅ Npcp¡w XSm

I§fpw Pekw`cWnIfpw henb tXmXn aen\o

Icn¡s¸« AhØbnemWpÅXv. Ah thK¯n

 ssIt¿ds¸SpIbpamWv. Adnbs¸Sp¶Xpw a

t\mlchpamb Hcp XSmIamWv, C¶v timNymh

ØbnepÅ, slmksIsclÅn XSmIw. AXv N¸v

NhdpIÄ XÅp¶ Ipgnbmbn amdnbncn¡p¶p. ]

Xnäm­pIÄ¡v ap¼v CXv Npäp]mSpapÅ {Kma§fn

te¡pÅ Pe¯nsâ t{kmXkmbncp¶p. Ct¸mÄ

PoÀt®m²mcWw sN¿m³ Ignbm¯ hn[w tIm«

¯nsâ h¡nemWnXpÅXv. AhnsS PeP´pPme

tam, ]dhItfm CÃ. slmksIsclÅn {Kmaw

I¶pImen hfÀ¯en Adnbs¸Sp¶ H¶mbncp

¶p.

XSmI¯n\v Npäpambn D]Poh\ amÀ¤w I

s­¯nbncp¶ ao³]nSp¯¡mÀ, Ae¡pImÀ, I

¶pImen hfÀ¯p¶hÀ, sNdpInS IÀjIÀ F¶n

hsc Bscbpw Ct¸mÄ AhnsS ImWm\nÃ. \c

k½, e£van tZhn F¶nhsc t]msebpÅ Npcp

¡w NneÀ am{XamWv ChnsS hoSpIfn I¶p

ImenIsf hfÀ¯p¶Xv.

\nch[n {]mbw sN¶hÀ Ct¸mgpw XSmI

s¯ ]gb alnabn HmÀ¡p¶p; AXns\ Ipdn¨v

kwkmcn¡pt¼mÄ Ahcn KrlmXpcXzw \ndbp

¶p. \ck½ (75) Ignª Bdv ]Xnäm­pIfmbn

XSmI¯n\Sp¯ Xmak¡mcnbmWv. AhcpsS Ip

Spw_w Irjn sN¿p¶hcpw I¶pImenIsf hfÀ

¯p¶hcpambncp¶p. AhcpsS IpSpw_-Irjnbn

47 slmk-sIs-c-lÅn XSm-I- n \nt£-]n-¡-s -«n-cn-¡p¶ N¸v Nh-dp-IÄ

Sw "sbkpKpU' F¶ Ip¶n\v kao]¯mbncp¶p.

AhÀ ]dbp¶p, ""XSmI¯n th\ Ime¯pw

shÅap­mIpambncp¶p. AXn\v Bghpw ]c¸pap-

­mbncp¶p. CSbn henb IÃpIÄ D­mbncp

¶p. IÃpIÄ sIm­mWv XSmI¯nsâ AXnÀ¯n

tcJs¸Sp¯nbncp¶Xv. _­v hoXntbdnbXpw hn

imehpambncp¶p.'' B _­nt¸mÄ Hcp tdmUm

bn XoÀ¶ncn¡p¶p.

{]tZihmknIfpsS hnizmkw XSmIw Hcp

cmÚn \nÀ½n¨XmsW¶XmWv. ap³Ime§fnÂ

hmNnIambn BhÀ¯n¡s¸«ph¶ IY Ct¸mgpw

XeapdIfmbn ssIamäw sNbvXphcp¶p. kao]

¯pÅ Hcp IÃnencp¶v cmÚn \nÀ½mW

{]hÀ¯\¯n\v taÂt\m«w hln¡pambncps¶

¶v AhÀ ]dbp¶p. FÃm Znhkhpw \nÀ½mW

{]hÀ¯\w XpScpt¼mÄ AhÀ kao]¯v Xs¶

bp­mbncp¶p. \nch[n t]À¡v Cu \nXyamb

Pet{kmXkn \n¶v KpWw e`n¡Wsa¶v cm

Ún B{Kln¨ncp¶psh¶pw B IYIÄ ]dbp

¶p.

slmksIsclÅn XSmIw ØnXn sN¿p

¶Xv _\i¦cn ap¶mw tÌPv dnwMv tdmUn\v kao

]w ‘sbkpKpU' ASnhmc¯nemWv. sam¯w hnkv

XrXn 59.25 slÎÀ. Ipd¨v ]Xnäm­pIÄ¡v ap¼v

ip²Pe Xnf¡ap­mbncp¶nhnsS. Cu {]tZi

s¯ NpänbpÅ {Kma§fnse Poht{kmXkmbncp

¶p CXv. XSmIw ØnXn sNbvXncp¶Xv Xmgv¶pw

CXn\v Npäp]mSpapÅ Øe§Ä DbÀ¶pambncp

¶p. DbÀ¶ {]tZi§fnse agshÅw HgpIn XSm

Is¯ \ndbv¡pw. ap¶p IntemaoäÀ hymkmÀ²

¯nepÅ aäv aq¶v XSmI§Ä Cu XSmIhpambn

_Ôn¸n¡s¸«ncp¶p. hÀjw apgph³ Pew kp`n

£ambncp¶p. XSmI¯nsâ Bgw GItZiw 30

ASn. XSmIw IhnsªmgpIp¶ Pew hrj`hXn

Xmgv-hcbnte¡mWv HgpIp¶Xv. XSmI¯nsâ Hcp

`mK¯v {Kmahpw Irjn`qanbpambncp¶p. dmKn,

tNmfw, ISpIv, sNdp tNmfw, ]cn¸v XpS§nbh

CShnfIfmbn Irjn sNbvXncp¶p. Hmtcm Irjn

bnS¯nepw Npcp§nbXv c­v hmfw]pfn acw,

Bcyth¸v Asæn s]m¦manb acw XpS§nbh

D­mbncp¶p. s\ÂhbepIfpw AhnsSbp­mbn

cp¶p. hmbphns\ IpfnÀ½bpÅXm¡m³ hÀ²n¨

]¨¸nsâ kw`mh\bp­mbncp¶p. asämcp {]mbw

sN¶bmÄ ]dbp¶p, ""XSmI¯n\v Npäpw at\ml

camb Zriyambncp¶p. CfwImän\v Ft¸mgpw Ipfn

À½bmbncp¶p. Npäp]mSpapÅ hbepIfnse a®v

kZmkabhpw CuÀ¸apÅXpambncp¶p.''

a¬kq¬ kab¯v XSmIw \ndªncn¡p

sa¶v \ck½ HmÀ½n¡p¶p. XSmIw \ndbp¶ k

ab¯v FÃm {KmahmknIfpw ]qP \S¯pw.

sN½cnbmSns\ (arK _enbmbn) \ÂIpw. {Kma

hmknIÄ Hmtcmcp¯À¡pw BtLmj thfbm

bncp¶p AXv. Ct¸mÄ, "HcmtLmjhpanÃ' AhÀ

]dbp¶p. \mev IntemaoäÀ AIsebpÅ bZnbqÀ

XSmI ]p\cpÖoh\ kab v shÅw Hgp¡n

bncp¶Xv slmksIsclÅn XSmI¯nte¡mbn

cp¶p. aen\oIcn¡s¸« XSmI¯nte¡v IqSpXÂ

aeo\Pew HgpInsb¯n. "Hcp XSmIw ip²oIcn

¡m³ asämcp XSmIw aen\oIcn¡p¶Xv F§s\

48

\oXoIcn¡m\mhpw?' AhÀ tNmZn¡p¶p.

slmksIsclÅn XSmIw ]eImcW§

fm \in¸n¡s¸«ncn¡pIbmWv. {]tZihmknI

Ä ]dbp¶Xv, BZyw shÅw aen\oIcn¡s¸«p,

ASp¯Xmbn XSmI ssIt¿äap­mbn. agshÅw

XSmI¯nte¡v sIm­ph¶ncp¶ I\mepIÄ A

gp¡pshÅ NmepIfmbn. Pb\KÀ, N¶½sId¨p

¡«p, ]ß\m` \KÀ, Nn¡Âkm´v-d, C«amSp, sF

PnFkv te Hu«v XpS§nb Øe§fn \n¶v "cm

P Iepsh' hgn Agp¡pshÅw XSmI¯nte¡v

HgpIpIbmWv.

cmP Iepsh, _n_nFw]n (_rlpXv s_w

Kfqcp alm\Kc ]menI) bn s]Sp¶XmWv. F

¶m cmP Iepsh `mK¯pÅ ssIt¿äw Hgp¸n

¡mt\m aen\Pew ip²oIcn¡mt\m _n_nFw]n

bmsXmcp \S]Snbpw kzoIcn¡p¶nÃ. Agp¡pNm

 XSmIhpambn _Ôn¡s¸«ncn¡pIbmWv. Aen

\Pew Ipfhmg, Pe kky IfIÄ F¶nhbpsS

hfÀ¨bv¡v ImcWambncn¡p¶p.

aäv {]tZi¯pÅ Xmak¡mcpw N¸p Nh

dpIÄ \nt£]n¡p¶Xv ChnsSbmWv. Npäp]mSpap

Å {]tZi§fn \n¶pÅ amen\y§Ä XSmI

¯nte¡v hgn Is­¯p¶p. ]gb sI«nS Ahin

ã§Ä ChnsSbmWv BfpIÄ XÅp¶Xv. ]¶nI

Ä s]äv s]cpIp¶p. "XSmI¯n\v Npäpw \n¶pÅ

ZpÀKÔhpw, sImXpIv ieyhpw Akl\obamWv.

Fsâ ho«nse P\meIÄ t]mepw Xpd¡m\mhp

¶nÃ' XSmI¯n\v kao]w Xmakn¡p¶ PbcXv-\

]cmXns¸Sp¶p. XSmI¯n\v Npäp]mSpapÅ hnim

eamb Øet¯¡v IqSn ZpÀKÔw ]c¡pIbm

Wv. XSmI¯n\v kao]¯p IqSn aq¡v s]m¯msX

HcmÄ¡pw \S¡m\mhnà F¶v am{Xaà XSmIw

a\waSp¸n¡p¶ Xc¯nemWv ImWs¸Sp¶Xpw.

XSmI¯n\v kao]¯v Xmakn¡p¶ NneÀ

amen\yw XSmI¯n XÅp¶Xv XSbm³ {ian¨n«p

­v. PbcXv-\, ko\½, KpcpaqÀ¯n, cma¿, hmkp

tZhv aqÀ¯n F¶nhÀ Chcn NnecmWv. F¶mÂ

amen\yw XÅp¶hÀ Chsc No¯hnfn¡pIbpw

ho­pw amen\yw ChnsS XÅpIbpamWv. "XSmIw

C{]Imcw ZpÀKÔw han¸n¡pt¼mÄ R§Äs¡

§ns\ 24 aWn¡qdpw XSmIs¯ kwc£n¡m\m

hpw?’ \nÊlmbcmbn AhÀ tNmZn¡p¶p.

XSmIw t\cs¯ h\whIp¸nsâ Iognem

bncp¶p. F¶m ssIt¿äw \S¡pt¼mÄ hIp¸v

DtZymKØÀ AXv I­nsöv \Sn¨p. AXnÀ¯n

IÃpIÄ hsc ssIt¿ä¡mÀ hen¨qcnamän. Asp

¯Xmbn _n_nFw]nbn \n¶v XSmIw ssIamäw

sN¿s¸«p. XSmI hnIk\ AtXmdnän XSmIw ip

²oIcW¯n\mbn _nUnFbv¡v ssIamäw sN¿

Wsa¶v \nÀt±in¨p. ]n¶oSv AhÀ¡v Xncn¨v \Â

In. _n.Un.F Nne kÀsÆIÄ \S¯nbXÃmsX

AXn\v tijw XSmI¯n A[nIsam¶pw sNbv

aen\Pew sI«n¡nS¡p¶ slmksIsclffn XSmIw

49

XnÃ. XSmI ]p\cpÖoh\w \S¯p¶Xv Nne am\

ZÞ§fpsS ASnØm\¯nemWv; XSmI hnkvXo

À®X, AXnsâ Ct¸mgs¯ AhØ F¶nh I

W¡m¡nbpw ]p\cpÖoh\w `pKÀ`Pes¯ k

lmbn¡ptam F¶v hnebncp¯nbpamWv. _n.Un.

F s_wKfqcphn Ipd¨v XSmI§Ä ]p\cpÖo

hn¸n¨n«p­v. F¶m ChnsS Hcp \S]Snbpw kzo

Icn¨nÃ. bYmÀY¯n _n.Un.F ¡v A[nImcw

ssIamdnbtXmsS XSmIw IqSpXÂ timNymhØ

bnemIpIbmWv D­mbXv. {]tZihmknIÄ CXn

s\ tNmZyw sNbvXt¸msgÃmw AhÀ Hgnªpamdn.

s_wKfqcp F¶ DZym\-XSmI \Kcw \in¸n¨Xv

_n.Un.F BsW¶mWv s]mXpshbpÅ hnizm

kw. AXv Cu {]tZiw ssIt¿dm³ \nch[n P\

§sf A\phZn¨p. aäv \nch[n XSmI XS§fpw

ssIt¿äw sN¿s¸SpIbpw hnIk\¯n\pÅ `qan

bmbn amäs¸SpIbpw sNbvXp.

XSmIw ]p\cpÖohn¸n¡m³ _n_nFw]n

50 iXam\w XpI \ÂImsat¶äncp¶p. F¶mÂ

Hcp cq] t]mepw \ÂInbnÃ. {]tZihmknIÄ¡v

Cu Imcy¯n tImÀ¸tdjt\mSv {]Xntj[ap­v.

_n.Un.F. Ab¨ I¯pIÄ¡v _n_nFw]n adp]

Sn Ab¨n«panÃ.

`mhn Imcy§Ä Bkq{XWw sN¿p¶ Im

cy¯n Pe-ipNoIcW hIp¸pw ]cmPbs¸«ncn

¡pIbmWv. ]²XnIÄ \S¸nem¡n hcpt¼mÄ a

en\Pe Hgp¡v Cc«nbmIpw. DZmlcW¯n\v Hcp

FkvSn]n bqWnäv Øm]n¨p Ignbp¶ kab¯v

aen\Pe Hgp¡v bqWnän\v DÄs¡mÅmhp¶Xn

epw A[nIamIpw. slmksIsclÅn XSmI¯n\v

C\nbpw Hcp FkvSn]n bqWnäv D­mtI­nbncn

¡p¶p. XSmI hnIk\amIs« Ct¸mÄ Hcp hnZqc

kz]v\hpw.

Nn«n_mep, ss_c®, \cknwl _mep- C

hscÃmw t\cs¯ IÀjIcmbncp¶p. ChscÃmw

Ct¸mÄ `qan I¨hS¡mcpw XSmI ssIt¿ä¯n\v

klmbw sNbvXhcpamWv. GItZiw 4.37 G¡À

F³sFknC I¼\n ssIt¿dpIbpw tSmÄ tdm

UpIÄ \nÀ½n¡pIbpw sNbvXp. ssIt¿ä ]²Xn

¡v H¯mi sN¿p¶ Nne cm{ãob¡mcpsS t]cp

IÄ {]tZihmknIÄ iàambn ]dbp¶p­v. A

\utZymKnI IW¡\pkcn¨v CXphsc GItZiw

23 G¡À XSmI {]tZiw ssIt¿dnbn«p­v. slm

ksIsclÅn XSmIPew Ct¸mÄ hfscb[nIw

aen\oIcn¡s¸«ncn¡pIbmWv. AXv \ndsb hn

jmwiw \ndªXpw D]tbmK{]ZaÃm¯XpamWv.

CXpaqew `pKÀ`Pew t]mepw aen\oIcn¡s¸«ncn

¡p¶p. IpSnshÅ hnXcW ss]¸pIfpw aen\Pe

ss]¸pIfpw ]ckv]cw ASp¯Sp¯mbmWv t]m

Ip¶Xv. aqImw_nI\KÀ \nhmknbmb e£van ]d

bp¶p, ""R§Ä Hcn¡epw Imthcn shÅw IpSn

¡mdnÃ. Nnet¸msgms¡ aen\Pew IeÀ¶Xp

t]mse AXn\v \mäap­v. XSmI¯n \n¶v hf

sc DbÀ¶ Øes¯ IpgÂInWdn \n¶mWv

R§Ä¡v IpSnshÅw In«p¶Xv. B shÅw \Ã

XmWv''.

aen\oIcWw D­m¡p¶ LSI§Ä: t^mkv-t^äv: Ipfn¡m\p]tbmKn¡p¶ tkm¸v,

UnäÀPâv, ]m{Xw IgpIm³ D]tbmKn¡p¶

tkm¸v- ChbnseÃmw t^mkv-t^äv AS§nbncn

¡p¶p. XSmI¯nse DbÀ¶ tXmXnepÅ t^m

kv-t^äv, PeIfIÄ AXnthKw hfcm³ t{]m

Õml\w \ÂIp¶p. XSmI Pe¯n IpSpXÂ

sNSnIÄ hfcpt¼mÄ t^mkv-t^änsâ Afhpw

IqSpw.

s]m«mknbw: hyhkmb imeIfn \n¶pÅ

aen\Pew s]m«mknbw DÄs¡mÅp¶p­v. CXv

IfIfpsS hfÀ¨sb klmbn¡p¶p.

ss\{SP³: KmÀlnI aen\Pe¯n hfscb[n

Iw ss\{SP\p­v. hÀ²n¨ ss\{SP³, IfIfp

sS hfÀ¨sb hÀ²n¸n¡p¶p.

AtamWnb: ta¸dª cmkhkvXp¡Ä aqew

Pe¯nse IfIÄ ]pãns¸Spw. kkythcpIfn

se _mÎocnb AtamWnb ]pdt¯¡v hnSpw.

Ptem]cnXe¯nse hensbmcp `mK¯v IfIÄ

]c¡pt¼mÄ kqcy{]Imiw shůn\Snbnte

¡v F¯msX hcpIbpw HmIv-knP³ e`n¡msX

PePohnIÄ NmhpIbpw sN¿pw. N¯ PohnI

Ä IqSpX AtamWnb ]pdt¯¡v hnSpw.

N¸pNhdpIfnse A]IS km[yXbpÅ amen

\yw Pehpambn tNÀ¶v AXns\ IqSpX aen

\am¡pw

\nÀ½mW hkvXp¡Ä

hkv{X \nÀ½mW ^mÎdnIfn \n¶pÅ aen\

Pew

\nÀ½mW taJebnse s]mSnbpw N¸pNhdpw

slmksIsclÅn XSmI ]p\cpÖoh\

¯n\v \nch[n {]Xn_Ô§fp­v. Pet_mÀUn\v

imTy¡mcmb DtZyKØ hrµap­v. _nUnFbpw

_n_nFw]nbpw ]ckv]cw D¯chmZnXzw X«n¡fn

¡pIbmWv. tI{µ kÀ¡mÀ ^­v D]tbmKn¨v P

etkN\ hIp¸v XSmI ]p\cpÖoh\w GsäSp

¡mdp­v. F¶m Ct¸mÄ tI{µ kÀ¡mÀ Cu

^­v \nÀ¯em¡n. ‘^­nÃ' F¶Xv ]p\cpÖo

h\ {]hÀ¯\w Bcw`n¡mXncn¡m\pÅ HgnhpI

gnhpambn. _n_nFw]n hmÀUnse ]pXnbXmbn

XncsªSp¡s¸« tImÀ]tdäÀ cmtPizcnbmWv C

t¸mgs¯ ]p¯³ {]Xo£. Ahscm¶pw Xs¶

CXphsc hmKvZm\w sNbvXn«nÃ. F¶mepw {]tZi

hmknIÄ {]Xo£bnemWv.

{]mtZinI kaqls¯ kw_Ôn¨nSt¯m

fw XSmI ]p\cpÖoh\¯n\v \nch[n KpW§fp

­v. kao]¯mbn Bdv, Ggv CS§fnembn

Xmakn¡p¶hÀ¡v ip²amb ]cnØnXn e`yam

50

Ipw. Øes¯ Hcp I½ypWnän ]mÀ¡mbn hnI

kn¸ns¨Sp¡mw. \S¯¯n\pw aäv A\p_Ô {]h

À¯\¯n\pw t{ijvTamb ØeamWnXv. ip²am

b hmbp Dd¸v hcp¯p¶Xn\mbn XSmI AXnÀ

¯nbn hr£ss¯IÄ \Smw. PePohnIÄ hf

cpIbpw ]dhIÄ Xncn¨p hcnIbpw sN¿pw.

{]hÀ¯\ Bib§Ä ssIt¿ä§Ä KucÆt¯msS XSbWw. t\c

s¯ ssIt¿äw \S¶ Øew ]nghv ]ämsX

Hgp¸ns¨Sp¡Ww.

cmP Iepshbnse ssIt¿ä§Ä Ignbp¶{X

thK¯n Hgp¸ns¨Sp¡Ww. I\m kabm

kab§fn hr¯nbm¡Ww.

30þ40 ASnbn IpSpXepÅ Øe§fn agsh

Å sImbv¯v \nba]cambn \nÀ_Ôam¡Ww.

Cu \nbaw IÀi\ambn \S¸nem¡Ww. Ct¸mÄ

Bcpw Cu \nbaw \S¸nem¡p¶nÃ. Cu \S]Sn

agshÅw Agp¡pNmense shÅhpambn IeÀ

¶v XSmI¯nte¡v HgpIp¶Xv XSbpw. s_wKfq

cphn kar²amb ag e`n¡p¶ps­¶pw CXv

\Kc¯nse 3-4 amks¯ Pemhiy¯n\v aXnbm

Ipsa¶ \nch[n ]T\§fpw AhbpsS B[mc

tcJIfpap­v. ag shÅs¯ hneaXn¡m³ \mw

]Tn¨nsæn \½psS Pe{]iv-\w ]cnlcn¡s¸

SnÃ.

\nch[n h³ A¸mÀ«v-saâv kap¨b§Ä AhnS

s¯ aen\Pew XSmI¯nte¡mWv Hgp¡n hnSp

¶Xv. Cu kap¨b§fn FkvSn]n \nÀ_Ôam

bpw Øm]n¡Ww. sNdp A¸mÀ«v-saâv kap¨b

§fn (8 hoSpIfpÅ) FkvSn]n \nÀ_Ôam

¡p¶Xns\ Ipdn¨v Pe t_mÀUv KucÆambn

BtemNn¡pIbmWv. Cu \nbaw \S¸nem¡p¶

Xv Hcp shÃphnfnbmWv. F¦nepw IÀi\ambn

CXv \S¸nem¡Ww. Hcp FkvSn]n bqWnän\v Hcp

henb d{^nPtdädnsâ hep¸sabpÅq. AXn\p

Å Nnehv aq¶v e£w cq]bpw. IpSnshůn\v

HgnsI an¡hmdpw FÃm Bhiy§Ä¡pw ip

²oIcn¨ shÅw D]tbmKn¡mw.

Hmhv NmeneqsS ip²oIcn¡m¯ Pew XSmI

¯nte¡v Hgp¡cpXv. CXv \nb{´n¡s¸SWw.

]p\cpÖoh\ {]hÀ¯\¯n\v tijw hÀjw

tXmdpw Øncambn XSmI¯nsâ AäIpä ]Wn

IÄ \S¯Ww.

sslt¡mSXnbpsS D¯chv A\pkcn¨mWv XSm

I hnIk\ AtXmdnän (FÂUnF) cq]oIcn¡

s¸«Xv. F¶m CXv Imcy£aaÃ. CXv ]p\:kw

LSn¸n¡pIbpw CXn ]cnØnXn taJebnse

hnZKv²À, imkv{XÚÀ, {]tZis¯ Xmak¡m

À, t]meokv XpS§nbhsc DÄs¸Sp¯pIbpw

thWw. CXnse AwK§Ä¡v A\ptbmPyamb

D¯chmZnXz§Ä \ÂIWw. Chbv¡v Bhiy

amb ^­v \ÂIpIbpw \Kc¯nse FÃm XSm

I§fpw hnIkn¸n¡pIbpw thWw. AÀ¸nX

a\tÊmsSbpÅ C¯cw kwL¯nsâ {]hÀ¯

\w XoÀ¨bmbpw s_wKfqcphnse FÃm XSmI

§fpw Ipd¨v hÀj§Ä¡pÅn Xs¶ ]p\cp

Öohn¸n¡pw.

hyhkmb imeIÄ Pew ip²oIcn¨p am{Xsa

Hmhv Nmente¡v Hgp¡mhq. CXv ]men¡m¯ bq

WnäpIÄ AS¨p ]q«Ww.

tkm¸v, UnäÀPâv F¶nhbpsS \nÀ½mXm¡Ä

¡v CXnse t^mkv^dkv 10 iXam\ambn \nP

s¸Sp¯m³ \nÀt±iw \ÂIWw. Ct¸mgnXv 25

iXam\w hscbmWpÅXv. DbÀ¶ tXmXnepÅ

t^mkv^dkv shÅs¯ henb tXmXn _m[n

¡pw. \nb{´nXaÃm¯ t^mkv^dkv _e³Up

À XSmI¯nse t]mse shŸXbv¡v ImcWam

Ipw.

]p\cpÖnh\hpambn _Ôs¸«v e£vaW dmhp

I½nän c­v XhW AXnsâ dnt¸mÀ«v kaÀ¸n¨p.

I½nänbpsS \nÀt±im\pkcWw \Kc¯nse \n

ch[n XSmI§Ä h\whIp¸n\v ssIamdn. slm

ksIsclÅn XSmIw ssIamdpt¼mÄ A[nIw

ae\oIcWap­mbncp¶nÃ. AXn\mhiyw XSm

I AXnÀ¯nbn hr£ssXIÄ \SpI, aen\P

ew XSmI¯nte¡v HgpIp¶Xv A\phZn ¡mXn

cn¡pI, ]pXnb Xmak te- Hu«pIÄ A\phZn

¡mXncn¡pI t]mepÅ Nne ]pXp¡Â \S]Sn

IÄ am{Xambncp¶p. ZuÀ`mKyhim h\whIp

¸v Cu amÀK\nÀt±i§Ä H¶pw Xs¶ ]n´pS

À¶nÃ. Ipd¨v apf \SpI am{XamWp­mbXv.

"XSmI§Ä ]p\cpÖohn¸n¨nsæn Hcp \Kc

¯n\pw AXnsâ {]iv-\§Ä adnIS¡m\mhnÃ.'

dn«tbUv sFFFkv DtZyKØ\mb hn._me

kp{_aWy³ ]dbp¶p. "knwK¸qÀ amXrIbnep

Å \Kc hnIk\amWv \½Ä ]n´pScm³ {ian

¡p¶Xv. AhnsS 40 iXam\¯ne[nIw aen\P

ew ip²oIcn¨ tijw ]p\cp]tbmKn¡p¶p­v.

\½fpw AXnhnsS \S¸nem¡Ww.'

XSmI ]cnc£bnse kaql ]¦mfnXzhpw

]s¦Sp¡epw

XSmI¯nsâ {]m[m\ys¯ Ipdn¨v {]mtZ

inI kaqls¯ t_m[hm·mcm¡Ww. AXhcp

sS XSmIamsW¶pw XSmIw kaql¯ntâXmsW

¶pw AhcXns\ {i²nt¡­Xps­¶papÅ t_m

[ahÀ¡p­mIWw. amen\yw XÅp¶hsc I­m

 Ahcn \n¶pw h³XpI ]ngbmbn CuSm¡

Ww. Pekwc£W¯nsâ {]m[m\ys¯¡pdn¨p

Å Aht_m[w hym]Iam¡Ww. Cu Imcy§sf

¡pdn¨v kv-IqfpIfneqsSbpw Iemeb§fneqsS

bpw Ip«nIsfbpw bphXn-bphm¡sfbpw ]Tn¸n¡

Ww. _e³ZqÀ XSmI {]iv-\w Ct¸mÄ kmaqly

am[ya§fn CSw ]nSn¨n«p­v. ‘_e³ZqÀ XSmI

s¯ c£n¡pI' F¶ 20,000- ¯ne[nIw AwK§

fpÅ Iq«mbva cq]s¸«n«pap­v. slmksIsc XSm

Is¯ c£n¡m³ kmaqly am[ya§sf D]tbm

51 P¡qÀ XSmIw Ct¸mÄ

Ks¸Sp¯mhp¶XmWv. Hmtcm XSmIhpw s]mXp

apXemWv. kÀ¡mÀ Øm]\§tfmsSm¸w, {]mtZ

inI kaql¯nsâ CSs]Sepw hensbmcp ]¦v

hln¡p¶p­v. {]mtZinI kaql¯nsâ ]¦mfn

¯t¯msSbÃmsX Hcp ]²Xnbpw \S¸nem¡m\m

hnÃ. kÀ¡mÀ CXv Xncn¨dnbpIbpw XSmI ]cn]m

e\w GsäSp¡p¶Xn s]mXpkaqls¯ A\ph

Zn¡pIbpw sNbvXn«p­v. P¡pÀ XSmIw CXn\v

D¯a DZmlcWamWv.

IÀWmSI P\ BtbmK, XSmI hnIk\

¯n\v \nch[n ip]mÀiIÄ D­m¡nbn«p­v:

XSmI Pew ]cntim[n¡Ww

{Iaambn Dud a®v \o¡w sN¿Ww

5 apX 8 aoäÀ hoXnbn apf XSmI {]m´{]

tZi¯v \«phfÀ¯Ww

Ptem]cnXew ip²nbm¡pIbpw ASnªp Iq

Sp¶ Ahinã§Ä \o¡w sN¿pIbpw thWw.

Huj[ kky tXm«§Ä, Nn{Xie` tXm«§Ä,

HmÀ¡nUv tXm«§Ä F¶nh hfÀ¯m\pÅ Xp

S¡§sf t{]mÕmln¸n¡Ww.

]dhIÄ¡mbn Ir{Xna Zzo]pIÄ D­m¡Ww

t_m«v khmcn¡mÀ¡v kpc£ \S]SnIÄ \nÀ

_Ôam¡Ww

XSmI¯n\v NpäpapÅ A\[nIrX {]hÀ¯nI

Ä \nÀ¯em¡Ww

XSmI¯nsâ Npäp]mSpIÄ icnbmbn ]cn]men

¡pIbpw hr¯nbmbn kq£n¡pIbpw thWw.

XSmI Peaen\oIcWw XSbm³ \S]SnIÄ

kzoIcn¡Ww.

XSmI¯n\v NpäpapÅ hr£§fpsS F®w hÀ

²n¸n¡Ww.

XSmI¯n\v Npäpambn HmSp¶hÀ¡mbn tPmKn

Mv {Sm¡v \nÀ½n¡pIbpw AhÀ¡v hn{ian¡m

\mbn Ccn¸nS§Ä kÖoIcn¡pIbpw thWw.

shfn¨¯n\mbpÅ kuIcyw Hcp¡Ww.

{]tZihmknIÄ XSmI¯n\v th­n iàambn

s]mcpXWw.

Cu Bhiy¯n\mbn Hmtcm ]uc\pw ssI

tImÀ¡Ww. XSmI¯nsâ {Iaamb AäIpä {]h

À¯\§Ä¡v _lpP\w D¯chmZnXzw GsäSp

¡Ww. {]tZi¯nsâ BtcmKy¯n bYmÀY

D¡WvT Ds­¦n CXv kaql¯n\v _p²nap

«pÅ Hcp ImcyaÃ.

P¡qÀ XSmI ]p\cpÖoh\ hnPb KmY ]ckv]c_ÔnXamb XSmI§fn H¶m

bncp¶p P¡qÀ XSmIw. sbel³I XSmI¯nÂ

\n¶mWv ChntS¡v PesamgpIn F¯nbncp¶Xv.

sbel³I XSmIw hr¯nbpÅXpw aen\oIcWw

kw`hn¡m¯Xpambncp¶p. F¶m cmPImepsh

bneqsS Pew P¡qÀ XSmI¯nte¡v HgpIn F

¯pt¼mÄ Npäp]mSpapÅ {]tZi§fnse Hmhv

NmepIfnsebpw A¸mÀ«v-saâv kap¨b§fnse

bpw aen\Pehpambn IeÀ¶v h³tXmXn aen\o

Icn¡s¸«p. kyqthPv t_mÀUpw Npäp]mSpapÅ

{]tZi§fnse HmhpNm shÅw XSmI¯nte¡v

Hgp¡m³ NmepIÄ XoÀ¯p. XSmIw h³tXmXnÂ

ae\oIcn¡s¸« AhØbnepambn. DbÀ¶ tXm

XnepÅ aen\oIcW hkvXp¡fmb t^mkv-t^äv,

ss\{SP³, AtamWnb F¶nh XSmIs¯ izmkw

ap«n¨p. sImXpIpIÄ Bbnc¡W¡n\mbn. Hcp

PePohnbpw ]dhbpw AhnsSbnÃmbncp¶p. XSm

IamsI ZpÀKÔ]qcnXambn. Aklyambt¸mÄ

{]tZihmknIÄ 168 G¡dpÅ XSmIs¯ c£n

¡m³ NneXv sN¿Wsa¶v Xocpam\n¨p. cmPy¯n

sâ aäv `mK§fn \n¶v IpSntbdnbhcmbncp¶p

AhnSs¯ A[nIw BfpIfpw. AhÀ Hcpan¨p Iq

Sn ‘PÂ t]mj³' F¶ ]uckwLw cq]oIcn¨p.

"XpS¡¯n hfsc Imeambn ChnsS Xmakn¡p

52

¶ {]tZinhmknIÄ R§sf ]n´pW¨nÃ. F¶m

 R§fpsS kwL¯nsâ Imcy£aXbm kzm

[o\¡s¸«v Ahcpw AWntNÀ¶p’, kwL¯nsâ

t\Xmhmb tUm. A\pcm[ I½¯v ]dbp¶p.

XSmIw Hcn¡Â _nUnF hnIk\ {]hÀ

¯\w \S¯n _n_nFw]n¡v ssIamdnbXmWv.

]cn]me\w CÃmsX hcnIbpw AhKWn¡s¸SpI

bpw sNbvXtXmsS XSmIw timNymhØbnte¡v

Bgv¶p. Cu kab¯mWv PÂ t]mj³ kwLw

cq]oIcn¡s¸«v kmaqlnI ]¦mfn¯t¯msS ]p

\cpÖoh\ {]hÀ¯\w GsäSp¯Xv. kwLmwK

§Ä XpSÀ¨bmb ]cn]mSnIfneqsS N¸pNhdv X

Åp¶Xns\¡pdn¨pw amen\y kwkv-¡cWs¯

¡pdn¨pw P\§Ä¡nSbn Aht_m[w D­m¡n.

amen\y tiJcW¯n\mbn Hcp \nÝnX Øew

XSmI¯n\v kao]ap­m¡n. _n_nFw]n Poh\

¡mÀ ChnsS \n¶pw amen\yw FSp¯psIm­p

t]mbn. Cu kwhn[m\w \nehn hcp¯nbXv

XpSÀ¨bmb XpSÀ\S]SnIÄ¡pw \nch[n t^m¬

hnfnIÄ¡pw tijamWv. FÃm RmbdmgvNbpw

kwLmwK§Ä XSmIw hr¯nbm¡pw.

{]mtZinI C\w hr£ss¯IÄ h\w

hIp¸nsâ klmbt¯msS XSmI _­nsâ Hcäw

apXÂ atä Aäw hsc \«p]nSn¸n¨p. s]m¦manb,

lqhckn XpS§nb {]mtZinI C\§Ä CXnÂ

DÄs¸Spw. 10 FwFÂUn kw`cW tijnbpÅ

FkvSn]n bqWnäv hm«À Bâv kyqthPv t_mÀUv

Øm]n¨p. Cu ip²oIcW ¹mâv sbel³IbnÂ

\n¶pw P¡qdn\v Npäp]mSpapÅ Øe§fn \n

¶pamWv aen\Pew kzoIcn¡p¶Xv. ¹mân\nt¸mÄ

8 Zie£w enäÀ shÅw ip²nIcn¨v ]pd´Åm

\mhpw. Cu Pew IpSpXÂ ipNoIcn¡m\mbn hnZ

KvZcpsS amÀ¤\nÀt±it¯msS Hcp NXp¸p\nehpw

Hcp¡nbn«p­v. Pe¯n hfcp¶ IfIfpÅ Cu

a\pjy \nÀ½nX NXp¸p\new {]IrXymepÅ

{]{Inb aqew shÅs¯ IpSpXÂ ip²oIcn¡pI

bpw ip²Pes¯ XSmI¯nte¡v IS¯n hnSpI

bpw sN¿p¶p. BbXn\m 8 Zie£w enäÀ ip

²oIcn¨ shÅamWv {]XnZn\w XSmIs¯ t]mjn

¸n¡p¶Xv, CXv `pKÀ`Pes¯ hos­Sp¡pIbpw,

PehnXm\w DbÀ¯pIbpw IpgÂInWdpIsfbpw

at\mlcamb Xpd¶ InWdpIsfbpw \ndbv¡pI

bpw sN¿p¶p. Øncamb Cu Pe{]hmlw XSmI

s¯ ssPhsshhn[y¯nsâ ‘tlm«v-kv-t]m«v' B bn Xocm³ klmbn¨n«p­v. CXv XSmIw Ft¸mgpw

\ndªncn¡p¶p F¶Xv Dd¸m¡pIbpw sN¿p

¶p.

`qKÀ`Pe hnXm\w ]cym]vXhpw XSmIw

hr¯nbpÅXpw im´hpamWv. `q{]tZiamsI Ip

fnÀ½bpÅXpw lcnXm`hpw ap¼p­mbncp¶ ZpÀ

KÔw CÃm¯XpamWv. NfnbpÅ \S¸mX ag sh

Åw DÄs¡mÅp¶Xv Dd¸v hcp¯p¶p. ¹mÌn¡v

IÀi\ambn \ntcm[n¨ncn¡pIbmWv. KtWi hn

{Kl \naÖ\¯n\pw AXpt]mepÅ aäv {]hÀ

¯\§Ä¡pw asämcp sNdpXSmIhpw \nÀ½n¨n«p-

­v. ao³]nSp¯¡mÀ {]XnZn\w 100 Intemhsc

aÕys¯ ]nSn¡p¶p.

{]mtZinI kaql ]¦mfn¯w AÛpX§

Ä krãn¨ P¡qÀ XSmIw \Kc Pe \nÀÆlW

¯nsâ Xnf¡amÀ¶ DZmlcWamWv. FkvSn]n¡v

Bhiy¯n\v kw`cWtijnbnà F¶Xv t]mep

Å sNdpkwKXnIÄ Ct¸mgpap­v. FkvSn]n {]h

À¯n¸n¡p¶Xntâbpw ]cn]men¡p¶Xnsâbpw

Nnehv hm«À t_mÀUn³ `mcambn«p­v. CXv ]cn

lcn¨v hcnIbmWv. Cu amXrIm]camb {]hr¯n

ASp¯ Xeapd XpSÀ¶psIm­pt]mIpsa¶v PÂ

t]mj³ kwLw {]Xymin¡p¶p.

ASp¯ XSmIw tZhcmbkm{´ XSmIam

Wv. P¡qÀ XSmI¯m {]tNmZnXambn tZhcmb

km{´ XSmI¯n\v NpäpapÅ {]tZihmknIÄ A

hcpsS XSmIs¯ c£n¡m\mbn Hcpan¨v tNÀ¶n

«p­v. Pehpambn _Ôs¸«pÅ Iã¸mSpIsf t\

cnSm³ Gähpw \Ã amÀKw \Kc Pe \nÀÆlWam

Wv. P¡qÀ P\w AhcpsS CSs]Semepw XmXv]cy

¯mepw bYmÀY¯n A`n\µ\w AÀln¡p¶h

cmWv. AXpt]mse slmksIsclÅn {]mtZinI

kaqlhpw AhcpsS XSmIs¯ c£n¡m\pw ]cn

ØnXn sa¨s¸Sp¯m\pw apt¶m«v hcWw. {]mtZ

inI kaqlw iàcmbn \nesIm­m FÃm kÀ

¡mÀ GP³knIfpw aäv GP³knIfpw amäw D

­m¡m³ klIcn¡pw.

Rekha can be contacted at rekhasampath1968@yahoo.co.in

53 IS-ep­n X®oÀ¯Sw

Hcp X®oÀ¯S¯nsâ IY Pwjo\ apøm«v

Hmtcm tZi¯n\pw Hmtcm IYIÄ ]dbm

\p­mIpw. Hmtcm kwkv-Imchpw PohnX§sf IS

sªSp¡p¶ Ime¯nsâ km£y§fpw Ime§

Ä cq]s¸Sp¯p¶ ]cnWma§fpamWv. ISep­n

X®oÀ¯S¯n\pw AXv \ne\nÀ¯p¶ PohPme

§Ä¡pap­v- a®n\pw a\pjy\pw ]qhn\pw ]pgp

¡Ä¡pw ]£narKmZnIÄ¡pw- Hmtcmtcm IYIÄ,

t\cpw s\dnbpapÅ, NqSpw NqcpapÅ ssPhnI _

Ô§fpsS IYIÄ.

`qanimkv{X]cambn tIcfw ssPh k¼¶

amb \mSmWv. temI¯n Xs¶ Gähpw {]IrXn

caWobhpw ssPhsshhn[y¯m k¼¶hpam

b A]qÀÆ `q{]tZiamb tIcfw B \nebnÂ

\ne\n¡phm\pÅ ImcWw tIcf¯nsâ Ing¡

³ AXncn sX¡phS¡mbn \o­p InS¡p¶

]ÝnaL«hpw hn]pehpw hnimehpamb X®oÀ

¯S§fpamWv. X®oÀ¯S§fm k¼¶amWv

ChnSps¯ ]cnØnXn. tIcf¯nsâ ImÀjnI

kwkv-Imchpw ]m«pw hnXIfpw cq]s¸«Xv Cu

X®oÀ¯S§fnemWv. C´ybnse Gähpw ]¨¸v

\ndª `q{]tZiambn tIcfw ImWp¶Xn\pÅ

ImcW§fnsem¶v ChnSps¯ X®oÀ¯S§Ä \n

e\nÀ¯nb `qKÀ` Pee`yXbmWv. ssZh¯nsâ

kz´w \mSv F¶dnbs¸Sp¶ tIcf¯n anX io

tXmjvW ImemhØ \ne\nÀ¯p¶Xn ]ca{]

[m\amb Øm\amWv X®oÀ¯S§Ä¡pÅXv.

kar²amb X®oÀ¯S§ÄsIm­v C´y

bnse Gähpw lcnXm`amb kwØm\amWv tIc

fw. 217 hnimeamb X®oÀ¯S§fmWv tIcf¯n

epÅXv. kwØm\¯nsâ sam¯w hnkvXoÀ®

¯nsâ A©nsem¶v hcpw CXv. NXp¸pIfmbpw

shÅs¡«pIfmbpw hbepIfmbpw XSmI§fm

bpw ImWs¸Sp¶ Ct¡mknÌamWv Cu X®oÀ

¯S§Ä. Cu X®oÀ¯S§fn NneXv A´ÀtZ

iob Xe¯n {]ikvXambhbmWv. tIcf¯n

se ImemhØm k´penX \ne\nÀ¯p¶Xn ]

ÝnaL«w Ignªm henb ]¦phln¡p¶Xv

X®oÀ¯S§fmWv. IS¯oc§tfmSv ASp¯pw

tNÀ¶pw ØnXnsN¿p¶ X®oÀ¯S§Ä Icbp

sS am{Xaà ISentâbpw kzm`mhnIX \ne\nÀ¯p

54

¶Xn ]ca{][m\amb ]¦mWv hln¨psIm­ncn

¡p¶Xv. C¯c¯n ImWs¸Sp¶ X®oÀ¯S

§fmWv ISep­nbnse X®oÀ¯S§Ä.

ae¸pdw-, tImgnt¡mSv PnÃIfpsS AXnÀ

¯n ]¦nSp¶ ISep­n ]pg, Hen¸pg, s]cnbmÀ

F¶o ]pgIfpsS ssIhgnbmWv. Cu ISep­n¸pg

Ad_n¡Sepambn tNcp¶ ISep­n, Nmenbw, h

Ån¡p¶v {]tZi¯v ImWs¸Sp¶ ISep­n X®o

À¯S§Ä ssPhsshhn[y¯m k¼¶amWv.

ISep­n DÄs¸Sp¶ {]tZis¯ ssPh k¼¶

hpw k´penXhpw B¡p¶Xn hfsc henb ]

¦v hln¡p¶Xv Cu X®oÀ¯S§fmWv. F¶mÂ

B[p\nI kaql¯nsâ hnIk\ ImgvN¸mSpI

fpw a\pjysâ AhnthI CSs]SepIfpw Cu

X®oÀ¯Ss¯ \in¸n¨psIm­ncn¡p¶p. A´a

ä hnIk\amWv kmaqlnI {Ia¯nsâ ]ptcmKXn

F¶v a\pjy³ F§s\tbm sXän²cn¨p. hnIk

\¯nsâ t]cnepw sImÅem`§Ä¡pw [qÀ¯n

\pambn {]IrXn hn`h§fpw a®pw Pehpw ssPh

k¼¯pw a\pjy³ A\nb{´nXambn D]tbmKn

¡m³ XpS§n. XÂ^eambn ChnSps¯ Bhmk

hyhØbnepw ImemhØbnepw kmcamb hyXn

bm\§Ä ImWs¸«v XpS§nbncn¡p¶p. \m\mhn

[ PohPme§fpsS \ne\n¸pw AXnPoh\hpw

CXpaqew {]XnkÔnbnembn. ISep­nbnse X

®oÀ¯S§sf B{ibn¨v Pohn¡p¶ a\pjycpw

{]XnkÔnbnembncn¡p¶ kmlNcyamWv C¶p

ÅXv. X®oÀ¯S§sf B{ibn¨v Pohn¡p¶ a\p

jyÀ¡v {][m\ambpw ]dbm\pÅ X®oÀ¯S¯n

sâ \ioIcWs¯ Ipdn¨pw AXpaqeapÅ Pea

Õy timjWs¯ Ipdn¨pw X®oÀ¯S¯nsâ

LS\bn h¶ hyXnbm\s¯¡pdn¨pw X·qeap

Å ImemhØm amäs¯¡pdn¨pamWv.

ISep­n X®oÀ¯Sw C´ybnse ]Snªmd³ Xoc{]tZi§fnÂ

Gähpw IqSpXÂ XWp¸v A\p`hs¸Sp¶ {]tZi

§fn H¶mWv ISep­n X®oÀ¯Sw. 8 slÎÀ

sNfn \ndª \ZoapJ {]tZihpw aq¶v slÎÀ I-

­Â¡mSpIfpw H¶c slÎÀ Bgw Ipdª {]

tZiw DÄs¸«XmWv Cu X®oÀ¯Sw. Cu {]tZi

¯nsâ ImemhØsb ]cn]men¨p t]m¶ncp¶

Cu BhmkhyhØ C¶v \mtim·pJamWv. tZ

iob X®oÀ¯S kwc£W ]cn]mSnbpsS IognÂ

2008- aq¶v kv-IzbÀ Intem aoäÀ X®oÀ¯S{]tZ

iw I½yqWnän dnkÀÆv Bbn {]Jym]n¨p. C´y

bn Xs¶ {][m\s¸« A©v I½yqWnän dnkÀhn

 H¶mWv ISep­n. ae¸pdw PnÃbn Gähpw

IqSpXÂ age`n¡p¶ {]tZiamWv ChnSw. Ad_n

¡Sepambn IqSnt¨cp¶ ChnsS \nch[n ssPh

k¼¯p­v. IS \nc¸nÂ\n¶pw 2 aoäÀ Dbc

¯nemWv I½yqWnän dnkÀthmbÀ \ne\n¡p¶

Xv.

ImemhØbpw aÕyk¼¯pw ISep­n¡mc\mb A¿t¸«\v 62 hbÊm

bn. HmÀ½sh¨\mÄ apX {]IrXnbpambpw IS

ep­n X®oÀ¯Shpambpw CgpInt¨À¶v BdpXe

apdsb I­pw A\p`hn¨pw Pohn¡p¶bmÄ; A¿

t¸«\v ]dbm\pÅXv C{Xbpw Imew A\p`hn¨

\ÃXpw No¯bpamb amä§fmWv. Ime¯nsâ ]p

kvXIw ]n¶ntebv¡v adn¡pt¼mÄ A¿t¸«\v

BËmZhpw DÕmlhpw. F¶m C¶nt\bpw \m

sftbbpw Ipdn¨v ]dªp XpS§pt¼mÄ Xs¶ ap

J¯v hÃm¯ Bi¦bpw t]Snbpw \ngen¡p¶Xv

ImWmw. PohnX¯nsâ ]e ImeL«§fnepw ]e

Xpw A\p`hn¨dnªXnsâ A`nam\§Ä A¿t¸

«³ ]dªp XpS§n. "]¯p hÀjw ap¼v hsc ag

¡meamIpt¼mÄ ]pX¨p aqSnbÃmsX ]pd¯nd

§m³ IgnbnÃmbncp¶p. aIc¯n (ininc Im

ew) XWp v AXnsâ DÑØmbnbnembncn¡pw. I

Sep­n ]pgbnse shÅw XWp¯v sFkv t]mse

bmIpw. cmhpw ]Iepw Htc XWp v. cm{XnIme§

fn FÃm hoSpIfnepw A§mSnIfnepw hndIv Iq

«nbn«v I¯n¨v XoImbp¶ BfpIÄ \nXy¡mgv¨

bmbncp¶p. hoSpIfn ^mt\m Gkntbm D]tbm

Knt¡­Xnsâ Bhiyw Xs¶bnÃ. F¶m C¶v

ag¡me¯pw aªpIme¯pw ^mt\m Gkntbm

D]tbmKn¡msX Xmakn¡m³ IgnbnÃ. A{Xbv

¡pw NqSv, {]tZi¯v ]nSnapdn¡nbncn¡p¶p.’ tImgnt¡mSv, ae¸pdw PnÃIfn IqSpXÂ

ag e`n¡p¶ {]tZi§fn H¶mWv ISep­nbn

se X®oÀ¯S§Ä ØnXnsN¿p¶ {]tZiw. F

¶m C¶v ]e ImcW§ÄsIm­pw ChnSps¯

ImemhØbn kmcamb amä§Ä D­mbn«p­v.

a\pjysâ sNbvXnIfmWv Cu amä§Ä¡pÅ {]

[m\ImcWw. ip²Pe¯ntebpw A´co£¯n

tâbpw NqSp IqSp¶Xv a\pjys\ am{Xaà aäv P

´pPohPme§tfbpw kmcambn _m[n¨n«p­v. ]

Wt¯mSpÅ BÀ¯nbpw sh«n¸nSn¡epw aqew

Ah\h\v Xs¶ ih¡pgn tXm­pIbmsW¶v C

hnSps¯ NneÀ Adnbp¶nÃ. F¶m A¿t¸«s\

t]mse ISep­n X®oÀ¯S¯nse Pe¯ntâ

bpw hmbphntâbpw a®ntâbpw KpW^e§Ä

A\p`hn¨dnªhÀ¡v \mSnsâ \miw henb B

i¦bmWv ]SÀ¯p¶Xv. 45 sImÃambn ISep­n

]pgbnepw X®oÀ¯S¯nepw aÕy_Ô\w \S

¯n D]Poh\w \S¯p¶ A¿t¸«\v Hmtcm hÀj

t¯bpw X®oÀ¯S¯nsâ hyXnbm\hpw X·qe

ap­mIp¶ aÕyk¼¯nsâ timjWhpw e`yX

¡pdhpw aÕy§Ä A¶yw \n¶pt]mIp¶Xpw

AhcpsS PohnXw F¶t]mse km£ys¸Sp¯m

³ Ignbp¶p­v. 1960-þ70-Ifnepw A¿t¸«sâ _m

ey¯n \qdne[nIw IpSpw_§Ä ChnSps¯

aÕy_Ô\w D]Poh\am¡n Ignªncp¶p. C

¶nXv ]¯n Xmsg IpSpw_§Ä am{Xambn Npcp

§n. AXncmhnse \mep aWnapXÂ XpS§p¶ a

55 IS-ep­n X®oÀ -S- nse aen-\-am-¡-s¸« I­Â¡m-Sp-IÄ

Õy_Ô\w t\cw ]peÀ¶mepw Hcp Znhks¯

D]Poh\¯n\pÅ aÕyw e`n¡msX BbtXmSp

IqSnbmWv ]Xps¡ ]Xps¡ Cu a\pjyÀ ao³]n

Sp¯ sXmgnen \n¶v ]n³hm§nbXv. hfsc hn

tI{µoIrXambn im´XtbmSpw kam[m\t¯mSpw

IqSn D]Poh\w \S¯nbncp¶ Cu BfpIÄ¡v

PohnXw XÅn \o¡p¶Xn\v C¶v ]pdw\mSpIsf

B{ibnt¡­ KXntISnemWv. F¶pam{XaÃ, sN

dnb XpIbv¡v e`n¨psIm­ncp¶ aÕy hn`h§

Ä {]mtZinI aÕy_Ô\w CÃmbXmtbmSpIqSn

aq¶pw \mepw Cc«n XpIbv¡v hmt§­ AhØ

bnembn ISep­n¡mÀ.

ISep­n X®oÀ¯S¯n 20 sImÃw ap¼v

hsc apcp, IÃp½¡mbv, I¡, tImc, sN½o³, ]p

bm XpS§nb aÕy§Ä hfsc kpe`ambn e`n

¨ncp¶p F¶v am{XaÃ, ]¨¡me³, \oe¡me³

XpS§nb R­pIfpw [mcmfw e`n¨ncp¶p. ]¨

¡me³ R­v Huj[ KpWta· DÅXmbncp¶p.

AXpsIm­v Cu R­v ]pdwcmPy§fntebv¡v h

sc Ibän Ab¡pambncp¶p. F¶m C¶v, kpe

`ambn e`n¨ncp¶ aÕy§fpsS, {][m\ambpw ap

cp, I¡, IÃp½¡mbv, sN½o³ Afhv KWyamb

Ipdªp. hcp¶ ]t¯m ]Xn\t©m hÀj¯n\p

Ån Cu aÕy§Ä ]qÀ®ambn CÃmXmIp¶

kmlNcyamWv Ct¸mgpÅXv. kpe`ambn e`n¨ncp

¶ apcp hwi\mi `ojWnbnemWv. X®oÀ¯S

¯nsâ ]mcnØnXnI ssPhnIXbnep­mb ImX

emb amäamWv C¯c¯n aÕyk¼¯nsâ

timjW¯n\v ImcWw. ¹mÌnIpw cmkamen\y§

fpw agbpsS e`yX¡pdhpw ssPhamen\y§fpw

(Cd¨ntImgn, FÃv XpS§nbh) aqew X®oÀ¯S

¯nse Pe¯nsâ NqSv IqSp¶Xn\v ImcWambn«p

­vv. am{Xhpaà Pe¯nsâ kzm`mhnI KpWw amdp

¶Xn\pw ImcWambn«p­vv. Pe¯nsâ Cu amäam

Wv ISep­nbnse ip²Pe aÕy§fpsS AXnPo

h\¯n\v `ojWnbmbn \ne\n¡p¶Xv. agbpsS

e`yX IpdhpsIm­pw a\pjy CSs]SepIÄ sIm-

­pw D­mb X®oÀ¯S¯nse Pe¯nsâ Ipdhv

X®oÀ¯S Pe¯nsâ am{Xaà A´co£¯ntâ

bpw NqSv IqSp¶Xn\v ImcWambn«p­v. X·qew

Pe¯nsâ ]n.F¨v seh IpdbpIbpw kq£va

PohnIfpsS BhmkhyhØ H¶msI XInSw

adnbpIbpw sNbvXp. ip²Pe¯nsâ kzm`mhnI

XWp¸mWv aÕy§Ä¡v ap«bnSphm\pÅ A\pIq

e kmlNcyw Hcp¡p¶Xv. thentbä kab§fn

 ISen \n¶v aÕy§Ä ap«bnSphm\pw {]P\

\w \S¯phm\pw Ignbm¯ ØnXnbmWv C¶v

kwPmXambncn¡p¶Xv. Cu kmlNcy§ÄsIm

­v CÃmXmIp¶Xv ChnSps¯ aÕy k¼¯mWv.

`qJÞ§Ä Xm­n F¯p¶ tZimS\ ]

£nIÄ C¶v F¯mXncn¡p¶Xn\pÅ {][m\ Im

cW§fnsem¶v AhbpsS `£Wambncp¶ aÕy

§fpsS hfsc henb IpdhmWv. aqÀJ³, shÅn

s¡«³, AWen XpS§nb hnhn[ C\w ]m¼pI

fpw XhfIfpw C¶nhnsS \mi¯nsâ h¡nemWv.

FÃm hÀjhpw ISep­n ]pgbn I¡ Irjn

\S¯p¶p­v. F¶m sImÃ§Ä Ignbpt´mdpw

Irjnbn \n¶pÅ ^ew IpdªphcnIbmWv. C

¯c¯nepÅ \mihpw ssPh P´pPme§fpsS

\mihpw \ioIcWhpw ChnSps¯ kq£va ]cn

ØnXnsb kmcambn _m[n¨ncn¡p¶p. ssat{Im

sehenepw amt{Im sehenepw CXv ]mcnØnXnI

56

hyXnbm\§Ä¡pw amä§Ä¡pw ImcWamIp¶p.

X·qew ISep­nbnse apgph³ ImemhØm k

´penXtbbpamWv CXv _m[n¨ncn¡p¶Xv.

I­Â¡mSpIfpw ImemhØm amähpw I­Â¡mSpIfpsS \ioIcWw aqeap­m

b X®oÀ¯S¯nsâ timjn¡Â henbtXmXn

epÅ ImÀ_¬ hnIncW¯n\v ImcWambn«p­v.

ChnSps¯ ]mcnØnXnI kpØncX Im¯pkq

£n¡p¶Xn {][m\ ]¦v hln¡p¶Xv Cu I­

¡mSpIfmWv. 2004- kp\manbSn¨t¸mÄ AXn

sâ {]I¼\§Ä ISep­n Xoc§fn A\p`h

s¸«ncp¶p. Atd_y³ DÄ¡Sent\mSv hfsc tNÀ

¶v InS¡p¶ ISep­nbn kp\man Ne\§Ä

_m[n¡m¯Xn {][m\ ImcWw ChnSps¯ I-

­Â¡mSpIfmWv. kp\man XncIÄ IS Xoc v

BªSn¡p¶Xn\v GXm\pw amk§Ä¡v ap¼v

A¿t¸«sâ t\XrXz¯n Ipd¨v t]À Ipd¨v

I­Â sNSnIÄ ChnsS \«p]nSn¸n¨ncp¶p. CXv

AhnSps¯ sNdp¸¡mÀ ]ngpXpIfªp. F¶mÂ

kp\man¯ncIÄ tIcf¯n \miw hnX¨Xn\p

tijamWv ChnSp¯pImÀ¡v a\knembXv X§

sf kp\manXncIfn \n¶v c£n¨Xv ChnSps¯

I­Â¡mSpIfmsW¶v.

shůnse XWp¸v \ne\nÀ¯n aÕy§

Ä¡v ap«bnSm³ kuIcyw Hcp¡ns¡mSp¶Xv I

­Â¡mSpIfmWv. iàamb thentbäkab v

ISen \n¶v D¸pshÅw IbdmsX Cu ip²Pe

s¡«ns\ kwc£n¨v t]m¶ncp¶Xpw ChnSps¯

I­Â¡mSpIfmWv. [mcmfw I­Â¡mSpIÄ Xn

§n\ndªv \n¶ncp¶XpsIm­p Xs¶ Cu X®o

À¯S¯n ip²Pehpw XWp¸pw e`yambncp¶p.

AXpsIm­v Xs¶ I­Â¡mSpIfpsS thcpIÄ

¡nSbnemWv aÕy§Ä ap«bn«v Ipªp§sf ]cn

]men¡p¶Xv. s]mXpsh \Ã XWp¸mbXpsIm­v

Xs¶ R­v, Xhf, I¡ apXembhbpw {]P\\w

\S¯p¶Xv Cu thcpIÄ¡nSbnemWv. F¶mÂ

Ct¸mÄ I­Â¡mSpIfpsS \ioIcWhpw Pe

¯nsâ NqSpIqSepw ImcWw I­Â thcpIÄ¡n

Sbnse Pe¯nsâ NqSpw hfscb[nIw IqSnbncn

¡p¶p. I­ÂImSpIÄ¡nSbn cmk, ssPh,

Jcamen\y§Ä ASnªpIqSp¶Xpw KpcpXcamb

]mcnØnXnI BtcmKy {]iv-\§Ä krãn¡p¶p

­v. I­Â¡mSpIÄ k¼¶hpw Pe¯nsâ e`y

X kpe`hpambncp¶ kab¯v X®oÀ¯Sw ip²

Pew \ndªXmbncp¶sX¶v kpldm _ohn ]d

bp¶p. "ChnsS s\d¨pw I­Â sNSnbmbncp¶p

At¸mÄ F´p\Ã shÅambncps¶t¶m? \ndsb

ao\pw. ChnsS h¶v R§Ä Ipfn¡pambncp¶p.

C¶v ImepIp¯m³ ]änÃ. ChnsS \Ã shÅamb

XpsIm­v ChnSps¯ InWdpIfnseÃmw \Ã IpSn

shÅap­mbncp¶p. F¶m Ct¸mÄ FÃm sh

Åhpw \in¨pIgnªp’. 67 hÀjs¯ kpld _o

hnbpsS A\p`h km£yambncp¶p CXv. I­Â

¡mSv \ioIcWhpw PeZuÀe`yhpw X®oÀ¯S

¯nse Pe¯nsâ Afhv hfscb[nIw Ipdbphm

³ ImcWambn«p­v. tImgnt¡mSv PnÃbnse hen

b hm«À t_mUnIfn H¶mbncp¶ ISep­n C

¶v ip²Pe¯n\mbn PehnXcW kwhn[m\§

sf B{ibnt¡­ KXntISnemWv. ISep­n {]tZ

is¯ P\§Ä¡v ap¼v InWdpIfn ip²Pew

e`n¡mdp­mbncp¶p. C¶v InWdpIfn Pew Xm

gpIbpw D¸pshÅw \ndbpIbpw ehWmwiw Pe

¯n IqSpIbpw sNbvXn«p­v. 90 iXam\w ip²

Pe t{kmXÊpIfpw aen\am¡s¸«v Ignªncn¡p

¶p. kar²ambn ip²Pew In«nbncp¶ {]tZi

s¯ BfpIÄ¡v Ct¸mÄ ss]k sImSp¯v sh

Åw hmt§­ AhØbmWv h¶ncn¡p¶Xv. `qK

À`Pew Xmgp¶Xpaqew InWdnse Pew Xmgp¶p

sh¶v am{Xaà a®nsâ hcĨ, NqSv IqSp¶Xn\pw

ImcWambn Xo˦p.

ImemhØm amähpw tZimS\ ]£nIfpw sk]vXw_À apX amÀ¨v hscbpÅ Ime

¯mWv ISep­nbn tZimS\]£nIÄ hcp¶Xv.

]e Zn¡pIfn \n¶pw hnhn[ tZi§Ä Xm­n

35 C\w hntZi ]£nIfpw 43 C\w kztZin ]£n

Ifpw ISep­nbn F¯pw. lnameb¯n \n

¶pw ssk_ocnbbn \n¶pw awtKmfnbbn \n

¶pw ]£nIÄ Iq«t¯msS F¯mdp­v. \o­ 7

amk§Ä tZimS\]£nIfpsS BhmktI{µam

WnhnSw. Gähpw IqSpXÂ tZimS\ ]£nIÄ F

¯p¶ tIcf¯nse ]£n tI{µw IqSnbmWv IS

ep­n. »m¡v-slUvKÄ, {_u¬slUvKÄ, tKmÄ

U³ ^v-fhÀ, ssekÀkmâv ^v-fhÀ, Knw_dÂ, Im

ÀenbqsdUvjm¦v, km³hn¨v tS¬, {Ko³jm¦v,

_mkv-¡äv _pjn XpS§nb C\¯nÂs¸« ]£nI

fmWv {][m\ambpw ChnsS F¯mdpÅXv. F¶m

 C¶v 70 iXam\w hntZibn\w ]£nIfptSbpw

48 iXam\w kztZi C\w ]£nIfptSbpw hchv

\n¶p.

Ignª 10 hÀjs¯ hnhn[§fmb Kth

jW§Ä ]dbp¶Xv ]£nIfpsS hchv \n¶Xn

sâ {][m\ImcWw ChnSps¯ ImemhØm amäw

BsW¶mWv. NqSpIqSp¶Xpaqew Nnebn\¯nÂ

s¸« ]£nIÄ N¯pt]mbXmbn I½yqWnän dnk

Àhnse ssKUv Ipªmen¡ ]dbp¶p. shůn

se D¸nsâ Awihpw aen\yap­m¡nb hyXymk

hpw \ZoapJ {]tZis¯ sNfnbn amen\yw h¶v

\ndªXv aqehpw ]£nIÄ¡v \ne\n¸v CÃmXm

bn. ISep­n ]pgbpsS apIfn IqSnbmWv ktX

¬ sdbnÂshbpsS Hcp ]mX t]mIp¶Xv. s{Sbn

\n \n¶v hens¨dnbp¶ amen\yhpw ]cnkchm

knIÄ sIm­nSp¶ Adhv amen\yhpw aäv amen\y

§fpw ]£nItfbpw AhnSs¯ aäp sshhn[y§

tfbpw tamiambn _m[n¡p¶p. AanX aen\oIc

Ww aqew Pemib¯ntebpw A´co£¯nte

bpw NqSv hÀ[n¡p¶p. IqSmsX XoätXSpt¼mÄ

57

]£nIfpsS sXm­bnepw aäpw ¹mÌnIv Ipcp§n

Ah Nmhp¶Xpw \nXy ImgvNbmWv. Hmtcm hÀj

hpw ]£nIÄ ISep­n Xocs¯ hn«v ]pXnb ta

¨n ]pd§Ä tXSnt¸mIp¶p­v. ]­v Iq«t¯m

sS I­ncp¶ ]£nIfpsS F®w Gtgm Ft«m

Bbn Ipdªp. Ipd¨pImew ap¼v hsc BsIbp

ÅXnsâ A©v iXam\w hsc sekÀkmâv^v-f

hÀ F¶ ]£n ChnsS h¶ncp¶p. CXv temI¯n

se Xs¶ sdt¡mUv BWv. F¶m C¶v Cu ]

£nIÄ h¶m h¶p F¶ ØnXnbn F¯n

\n¡p¶p. CXns\Ãmw {][m\ImcWw a\pjy

sâ {]hÀ¯nIÄ aqehpw ImemhØm amäw sIm

­pw ISep­n X®oÀ¯S¯nsâ ]cnØnXn¡p

h¶ hyXnbm\amWv.

ISep­n X®oÀ¯Shpw ImemhØm amä

hpw ISep­nbnse ssPhsshhn[yhpw Imem

hØbpw \ne\nÀ¯p¶Xn {][m\ ]¦v hln¨p

sIm­ncn¡p¶Xv ChnSps¯ X®oÀ¯S§fmWv.

X®oÀ¯S¯nse ip²Pe¯nsâ {IamXoXamb

Ipdhv, I­Â¡mSpIfpsS \miw, Pe¯nsâ Nq

SpIqSÂ, ip²Pew Ipdbp¶XpsIm­p­mIp¶

ISÂPe¯nsâ A\nb{´nXamb Ibäw, X®oÀ

¯S¯nsâ timjWw, a\pjysâ AhnthI_m

lyCSs]SepIÄ, Cc«n¨psIm­ncn¡p¶ ssPh-

cmk-Jc amen\yIq¼mcw XpS§nbh ISep­n

X®oÀ¯S¯nsâ kq£va ]cnØnXnsb kmcam

bn _m[n¨n«p­v. \nehn ChnSs¯ Imemh

Øm amäs¯Ipdn¨v Hcp Xc¯nepÅ ]T\§fpw

\S¶n«nÃ. Hcp \mSnsâ ]cnØnXnsb ]cn]men¨p

t]m¶ncp¶ ISep­nbnse X®oÀ¯S¯nep­m

bn«pÅ ImemhØmhyXnbm\§sf Ipdn¨v imkv

{Xobamb Bg¯nepÅ ]T\w AXymhiyamWv.

_Z amÀ¤§Ä \in¨psIm­ncn¡p¶ X®oÀ¯Sw ]qÀÆ

ØnXnbn F¯n¡pI F¶Xv {iaIcamb tPm

enbmWv. F¦nepw Hcp]mSv ssPh-kky-P´pk¼

¯nsâ BhmkhyhØsb \ne\nÀ¯n ]cnØn

Xn k´pe\w sIm­phtc­Xv a\pjycS¡apÅ

PohPme§fpsS D]Poh\¯n\v AXy´mt]£n

XamWv. BZy]Sn Ft¶mWw sNt¿­Xv NqSpIpd

bv¡pIbmWv. ]s£ Znhk§ÄsImt­m amk

§Ä sImt­m AXv \S¡nÃ. AXn\v hÀj§Ä

Xs¶ amän sht¡­n hcpw.

aen\oIcWw ]qÀ®ambn \ntcm[n¨v Pemib

s¯ ]qÀ®ambn kwc£n¡pI. Adhpamen\y

hpw aäv Jcamen\yhpw aäpw X®oÀ¯S¯nÂ

XÅp¶Xv XSbm³ _Ôs¸« kÀ¡mÀ hr¯

§Ä \S]Sn kzoIcn¡pI.

\nehn Pemib¯nepw sNfn\ndª \Zoap

J¯pw ASnªpIqSnb ¹mÌnIv amen\y§Ä

\o¡w sN¿phm³ \S]Sn FSp¡pI. s{Sbn\n

 \n¶pw ¹mÌnIv amen\yw ]pgbntebv¡v hen

s¨dnbp¶Xv \ntcm[n¡m³ sdbnÂthbpambn

tNÀ¶v \S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡pI.

IqSpX I­Â¡mSpIÄ sh¨p]nSn¸n¡pI

bpw \nehnepÅh kwc£n¡pIbpw sN¿pI.

\nehn ISep­n X®oÀ¯Shpw I­Â¡m

SpIfpw t^mdkv{Sn Un¸mÀ«v-saânsâ Iognem

Wv. F¶m Ignª \mev hÀjambn kÀ¡mÀ

Xe¯n \n¶pw IrXyamb taÂt\m«w In«p

¶nÃ. CXn\v ]cnlmcw ImWWw. \nehn 3

ssKUpIfmWv ]£n kt¦X¯n DÅXv. Ch

cpsS Bhiyw Imcy§Ä t\m¡n\S¯m³ Hcp

Øncw Hm^okÀ thWw F¶mWv. kÀ¡mÀ

hr¯§fpambn _Ôs¸«v CXn\v Hcp Xocpam

\saSp¡pI.

{]tZi¯v {Kmak`IÄ hnfn¨pIq«n X®oÀ¯S

§Ä t\cnSp¶ {]iv-\§Ä NÀ¨sN¿pI.

ImemhØm amäs¯¡pdn¨v {]tZihmknIÄ

¡pw DtZymKØÀ¡pw skan\mÀ, ]T\¢mkp

IÄ kwLSn¸n¡pI.

ISep­n X®oÀ¯Ss¯Ipdn¨v ]T\w \S¯n

bhÀ A¡mcy§fn {]tZihmknIÄ¡v

t_m[h¡cWw \ÂIpI.

{]tZis¯ kv-IqfpIfnse F³.kn.kn., F³.

Fkv.Fkv., XpS§nbhbpambn klIcn¨v Im

emhØsb¡pdn¨pw AXnsâ amä§ÄsIm­p

Å ZpcnX§sf¡pdn¨pw sNdp\mSI§Ä, Iym

¼pIÄ XpS§nbh kwLSn¸n¡Ww.

imkv{XÚÀ ]dbp¶Xv X®oÀ¯S§Ä

`qanbpsS InUv\nbmsW¶pw Ah ImemhØbp

sS {]hÀ¯\s¯ klmbn¡pw F¶pamWv. XoÀ

¨bmbpw Cu hm¡pIÄ icnh¡p¶ Xc¯nepÅ

dnt¸mÀ«pIfmWv ISep­nbn \n¶pw e`n¨Xv.

HcpIme¯v ssPhk¼¶Xbn XpSn¨p \n¶ Hcp

\mSn\v hÀj§ÄsIm­v a§te¡p¶XmWv hn

hn[ ]T\w \S¯nbpw A\p`h§fneqsSbpw Im

Wm³ Ignbp¶Xv. CXnsâsbms¡ ]ndIn a\p

jysâ k¼¯nt\mSpÅ BÀ¯nbmWv. {]mtZin

I kwkv-Imct¯bpw ImemhØm k´pe\t¯

bpw Ime§fmbn kwc£n¨pt]m¶ ChnSps¯

X®oÀ¯S§fpsS ]cnc£ C¶v hfsc AXymh

iyamWv. \in¨psIm­ncn¡p¶ ISep­nbpsS

ssPhk¼¯ns\ Xncn¨v ]nSnt¡­Xp­v. AXn\v

A[nImchpw A[nImcnIfpw P\§fpw Hcp

t]mse ]cn{ian¡Ww. Csæn thcäpt]mIp¶

Xv ISep­nbnse X®oÀ¯S§Ä am{Xambncn¡n

Ã. AXns\ B{ibn¨v Pohn¡p¶ At\Iw kky-

P´p PohPme§fpw Ah cp]s¸Sp¯nb Bhm

khyhØbpw kwkv-Imchpambncn¡pw. A§s\

\½psS \ne\n¸pw.

58

Reference 1. Phytosociological Analysis of mangrove Forest

KadalundiVallikkunnu community Reserve, Kerala

2. State action Plan On Climate Change National Institute of Science Communication and Information resource

3. YOJANA Magazine 4. Arifali K.M. (Research Scholar in Kannur

University) – Zoology and Foreign behavior of shore birds East coast India –Especially Kadalundi – vallikunnu Reserve

5. Santhan Krishna – Conservation significant of kadalundi – vallikkunnu community Reservoir.

Jamsheena Mullappatt can be contacted at jamsheena990@gmail.com

59

Cuä- pÃv ssPh-ssh-hn-[-y- nsâ {]Ir-Xn-Zr-iyw

Cuä- pÃpw AXnsâ Pe-tXm-Xp-Ifpw EXp-t -Z-§-f-\p-k-cn¨v

ImemhØm hyXnbm\hpw Cuä¯S§fpsS

\ioIcWhpw

enwKcmP sh¦tSjv

Cuäsb¶ BhmkhyhØ a\pjy\pw Cuä¸pÃpambpÅ _Ôw

Ncn{XmXoX tcJIÄ¡pw A¸pdamWv. Cuä¸pÃpw

AXnsâ Dt]mXv¸¶§fpw ss\ \ZnbpsS Xoc

¯v hkn¨ncp¶hÀ D]tbmKn¨ncp¶Xmbn ss_

_nfn ]cmaÀiap­v. P\§Ä XpdÊmb CS§

fn Pohn¡m³ XpS§nbtXmsS AhcpsS hmk

Øe§fpsS \nÀ½nXn¡v Cuä [mcmfambn D]

tbmKn¨ncp¶p. Ime{ItaW ChbpsS D]tbmKw

IqSn. Ip«Ifpw hçfpw aäpw AXn \n¶v D

­m¡m³ XpS§n. F¶m {ItaW CuäbpsS

D]tbmKw Ipdªp XpS§n. Nhn«nIÄ, P\Â IÀ

«\pIÄ F¶nh D­m¡m\mbn am{XamWv Cuä

Ct¸mÄ D]tbmKn¡p¶Xv. ChbpsS \nÀ½mWw

t]mepw Ct¸mÄ ¹mÌnIv sIm­mWv. BZyIme

¯v Cuä BhmkhyhØbnep­mbncp¶ Pohn

IÄ GsXms¡bmsW¶Xns\¡pdn¨v tcJIfnÃ.

F¶m [mcmfw D`bPohnIfpw ]£n

Ifpw aXv-ky§fpw {]mWnIfpsaÃmw Ct¸mgpw

Cuä AhbpsS BhmkhyhØbmbn D]tbmKn

¡p¶p. ip²Pe X®oÀ¯S§fpsS {][m\ khn

tijXbmb CuäbpsS \mihpw X³aqeapÅ

XIÀ¨bpamWv Cu ]T\w {]Xn]mZn¡p¶Xv. Im

emhØ hyXnbm\w aqew Cu \ioIcWw Ct¸m

Ä hfsc hyàhpamWv. ssPhsshhn[y¯nepw

Imcyamb amäap­mbn. a\pjysâ kmwkv-ImcnI,

km¼¯nI {]hÀ¯\§fn D­mb amähpw

ChnsS ka{Kambn {]Xn]mZn¡p¶p.

knäcp

Cu ]T\¯n\p th­n FSp¯ncn¡p¶ `q

{]tZi¯n knäcp \ZnbpsS Hcp `mKw DÄs¸Sp

¶p. ]ÝnaL«¯nsâ Ing¡³ NcnhpIfn \n¶v

DÛhn¨v Xangv-\mSnsâ sXt¡bäs¯ PnÃbmb

Xncps\ÂthenbneqsS HgpIp¶XmWv knäcp \Zn.

]pcmX\ kmlnXy¯n {Snt¡m«p asse F¶p

]dªncn¡p¶nS¯mWv knäcphnsâ DÛhw. ]

ÝnaL«¯n Bcy¦mhv Npc¯n\p sX¡v `mK

¯mbn ØnXn sN¿p¶XmWv {Snt¡m«p ae. Chn

Sp¶t§m«v knäcp tImÀ«mew shŨm«ambamWv

HgpIp¶Xv. AhnSp¶t§m«v GItZiw 60 Intem

aoäÀ HgpIn iohet¸cnbn h¨v s]mcpssW \Zn

bn tNcp¶p. ]pcmX\ Xangv kmlnXy¯n io

het¸cn ap¡qSÂ F¶mWv Adnbs¸Sp¶Xv. kn

äcp \ZnbnepS\ofw [mcmfw Cuä ImWm³ km[n

¡pw. F¶m Cu {]tZis¯ Cuä Ipdbp¶Xn

sâ aqeImcW§fnsem¶v ImemhØm hyXnbm

\amWv.

CuäbpsS ssPhsshhn[yw Hcp \ZnbpsS ]cntÑZw FSp¯m AXn

sâ BganÃm¯ a[y`mK¯pw shÅw sI«n¡nS

¡p¶ AXnsâ Xoc§fnepw Cuä hym]n¨p InS

¡p¶Xmbn ImWmw. shůnsâ KpWta·tb

¡mÄ \ZnbpsS ASn¯«nse shůnsâ Afhn

emWv CXv B{ibn¨ncn¡p¶Xv. asämcp Xc¯nÂ

]dªm Ch ip²Pe X®oÀ¯S§sf B{I

bn¨mWncn¡p¶Xv. Fs´¶m Cu X®oÀ¯S

§Ä¡v Gähpw aen\amb shÅs¯ t]mepw

ip²oIcn¡m\pÅ Ignhp­v. Cu X®oÀ¯S§

60

Cuä- -S-§Ä¡v Xmsg tdm´v Npäp¶

purple moorhen

IqSv s\¿m³ Cuä Iodp¶ streaked weaver bird

sf BhmkhyhØbm¡nbncn¡p¶ PohPme§

Ä CXn {][m\]¦p hln¡p¶p.

s]mXpth Cuä¯S§fpsS {IaoIcWw

Xmsg ]dbpw {]ImcamWv.

1. 20þ-30 iXam\w ]c¶p InS¡p¶ Pew

2. 40þ-50 iXam\w, Ft¸mgpw \\hnÂ

DbÀ¶p \n¡p¶ Cuä

3. 15þ-25 iXam\w DW¡ Cuä

4. 5þ-10 iXam\w DW§nbXpw sNdpXmbn

CuÀ¸apÅXpamb Ipäns¨SnIÄ

FÃm hi§fpw CuäIfm aqSs¸«

PeZzo]pIfmbn ImWs¸Sp¶ Xpd¶ Pemib

§fpw Cu XS§Ä¡nSbnep­v. Ch Pe¸£n

IÄ¡v Ccsbt¯Sn Ccn¡m\pÅ kpJIcam

b CSsamcp¡p¶p. {]tXyIn¨pw cattle egrets, purple moorhens, pond-herons night herons F¶n§s\ sshhn[y§fpÅ sIm¡pIfpw Cu

Pemib§fn Cc tXSm³ Cu PeZzo]p IÄ

Xmhfam¡p¶p. Cu Cuä¯S§Ä¡v Npäpw

brown pelicassns -s\t¸mepw [mcmfambn ImWm³ I

gnbpw. Coomon kingfishers Cuäbnencn¶v IrXy ka

bsa¯pt¼mÄ Hcp ao\ns\ sIm¯nsbSp¡m\m

bn ]d¶nd§pw. Yellow Bitterns AhbpsS IqSpIÄ

Cu CuÀ¸apÅ Xn§nb CuäIfnemWv s\¿p¶

Xv. Sreaked weavser Cuä¸pÃnsâ IXncpIÄ Iq«n

tbmPn¸n¨v Hcp sI«m¡n Cuäbn \n¶v Iodnsb

Sp¯ \mcpIfp]tbmKn¨v IqSqIÄ s\¿p¶p. A

Xp t]mse sNdnbbn\w ]£nIfmb Plain pirina I

dp¯ XebpÅ Munia F¶nhbpw Cu Cuä¯S

§fn Pohn¡p¶p. blyth's reed warbler -s\ knäcp

hnse Cuä¯S¯n I­Xmbn Hcp Fgp¯pIm

c³ tcJs¸Sp¯nbn«p­v. ssiXyIme¯v Ch

C´ybpsS sX¡³ `mKt¯¡v tNt¡dpw. Cu

Cuä¯S§Ä ]eXcw PohPme§fm k¼¶

amWv. ]£nIÄ¡v ]pdta, F®aä D`bPohnIÄ-

{]tXyIn¨v XhfIÄ- Xp¼nIÄ, damsel flise DÄs¸

sSbpÅ sNdp{]mWnIÄ, Nn{Xie`§Ä aäp Cc

tXSp¶ {]mWnIÄ F¶nh ChnsS ImWmw.

ImemhØm hyXnbm\hpw knäcphnse

Cuä¯S§fpw hÀj¯nepS\ofw HgpIp¶ ssZÀLyapÅ

]pgbmbn knäcphns\ ImWm³ IgnbnÃ. knäcp

DÛhn¡p¶ ]ÀhX{]tZit¯m hrãn{]tZi

t¯m AWs¡«pIÄ CÃm¯Xn\m EXpt`Z§

sf B{ibn¨mWv \ZnbpsS Hgps¡¶Xv {][m\am

Wv. ImemhØm hyXnbm\w aqew age`yXbpsS

tXmXv IpdªXpw Nne hÀj§fn th\ \o

­p t]mIp¶Xpw Ignª Iptd hÀj§fmbn

Cuä¯S§Ä hym]n¡p¶Xn ]e amä§fpap-

­mIm³ ImcWambn«p­v. Cuä¯S§Ä \ne\n

¶ncp¶ {]tZiw Npcp§nbXpĸsSbpÅ amä§

Ä s]s«¶v {i²n¡m\mIpw. ImemhØm hyXnbm

\w am{Xaà a\pjysâ I®S¨pÅ {]hÀ¯nIfpw

{]IrXnsb \nb{´n¡m\pÅ hnhcWmXoXamb

Xzcbpw Cu amä§Ä¡v ImcWamWv.

ap³ Xeapdbnse BfpIÄ¡v shÅs¸m

¡ kab¯v \ZnbpsS Hgp¡nep­mIp¶ hnkvXr

Xnsb¡pdn¨pw AXnsâ apIfnepÅ AWs¡«p

Isf¡pdn¨pw ap\¼pIsf¡pdn¨pw [mcWbp­m

bncp¶p. Hcp km[mcW ImehÀj kab¯mIs«

\ZnbpsS Ccp Xoc§fnepw shÅsamgpIp¶ Can

IpIfn Ipd¨p `mKw hfsc¡mew Irjn¡mbn

D]tbmKn¡nÃmbncp¶p. CXv Hcp icmicn Ime

hÀj kabt¯¡mÄ hnkvXrXambn HgpIm³

\Znsb klmbn¡p¶p. Imew amdnbtXmsS, Im

emhØm hyXnbm\w aqew, agbpsS e`yX Ipd

ªXp ImcWhpw \ZnbpsS Hgp¡v amdnbXp sIm-

­pw AXnsâ AcnIpIfn amäw h¶p. CXp {I

taW \Zn¡ncphihpapÅ `q{]tZi¯n amäap-

­m¡n. Hcp henb Afhv hsc Cu `qanbpsS D]

tbmKw {KmaoW taJebn Irjn¡mbpw \Kc

§fn \nÀ½mW§Ä¡mbpw amäw sN¿s¸«p.

CXp ]pgbpsS CcphihpapŠAcnIpIfn ]Xn

61

Cuä-bpsS apI-fn Ccn-¡p¶ Cu black headed

munia¡pw Cuä- Sw Bh-i-y-ap­v

aÕ-y- -n\mbn Im¯n-cn-¡p¶ common kingfisher

sb Cuä¯S§Ä \in¡m³ ImcWambn. DÛh

{]tZi¯v \n¶v knäcphn\v IpdpsI AWs¡«pI

Ä H¶panÃm¯Xn\m shÅs¸m¡ap­mIpt¼m

Ä ]pg IcIhnsªmgpIpw. CXv Nne kab§fn

 aWens\ Hgp¡n Cuä¯S§fn \nt£]n

¡pw. aäv Nne kab§fn aW¡q\IÄ \nc

¸mbn]pXnb Cuä¯S§fp­mIpw.

Hcp hÀjs¯ c­p ImehÀj§sf B

{ibn¨ncn¡p¶ C´y³ D]Zzo]pIfn FÃm ]pg

Ifpw hÀj¯nepS\ofw ZoÀLambn HgpIp¶psh

¶v ]dbm³ IgnbnÃ. Ncn{X tcJIfpw kmlnXy

hpw A§s\ ]cmaÀin¡ps¶¦nepw Z£nW ta

Jebnse FÃm ]pgIfpw th\¡mew apXÂ

]ÝnaL«¯v Gähpa[nIw agsb¯n¡p¶ sX

¡v Ing¡³ ImehÀjw XpS§pw hsc an¡hmdpw

hc­pW§pw. ta¸dª {]tZi§Ä ]pgIfp

sS NmephgnIfn hcWsa¶v \nÀ_ÔanÃ. G

Xmbmepw henb AWs¡«pIfpw ImemhØm

hyXnbm\Xnsâ ZoÀLIme ^e§fpsaÃmw tNÀ

¶v \Zo {IaoIcW¯n Imcyamb amäw D­m¡n

bn«p­v.

th\¡me§fpsS ssZÀLyw IqSn, Ime

hÀjw CÃmXmbn, icn¡papÅ ag e`yXbnÂ

Imcyamb Gä¡pd¨nepIfp­mbn. CsXÃmw \Zn

bpsS kzm`mhnI khntijXIsf amän adn¡pI

bpw AXphsc ]ckv]c ]qcIambn Pohn¨ncp¶

a\pjycpsSbpw aäp PohPme§fpsSbpw Poht\m

]m[nsb _m[n¡pIbpw sNbvXp. Xangv-\mSns\

kw_Ôn¨v th\¡me¯n\pw hS¡v Ing¡³

ImehÀj¯n\panSbnepÅ Imebfhn th\Â

ag e`n¨nsæn CuÀ¸w \ne\ndp¯nbncp¶

Cuä¯S§fn AXp \ãamIm³ XpS§pw. {Ita

W CXp ]qÀ®ambn \ãamhpIbpw Cuä¯S§

Ä \in¡pIbpw sN¿pw. hcĨbnepw shÅap

Å CS§fn IqSpX Cuä¯S§Ä ImWs¸Sp

¶Xv km[mcWamWv. knäcphnsâ ImcysaSp¯m

 sX¡v ]Snªmd³ ImehÀjw e`n¡msX th

\Â \o­p t]mIpt¼mÄ Cu {]tZis¯ IÀj

IÀ ]pgbnse Ahtijn¡p¶ shÅw ImÀjnIm

hiy§Ä¡mbn ]¼v sNbv-sXSp¡pw. CXpaqew

Cuä¯S§fn Ahtijn¡p¶, ImehÀjw h

sc \ne\nÀt¯­Xmb Pemwiw \ãamhpIbpw

Ah \in¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p.

an¡ ]£nIfpsSbpw {]P\\w amÀ¨n Bcw

`n¡pIbpw hS¡v Ing¡³ ImehÀjw XpS§p¶

Xn\p ap¼v Ahkm\n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. Cu ka

b¯mWv ]pgbnse Pew DÅnte¡v henbpIbpw

Cuä¯S§Ä¡v \Sphnembn, AhnsSbpw ChnsS

bpw ØnXn sN¿p¶ Xpd¶ Pemib§Ä tXSn

ao\pIsf¯pIbpw sN¿p¶Xv. Cu Ime¯v Cuä

¯S§fn IqSpX aXv-kys¯mgnemfnIÄ F

¯pIbpw ]£nIfpsS IqSpIÄ XIÀ¶v Ahbp

sS {]P\\w XmdpamdmIpIbpw sN¿p¶p. Cu Xc

¯nepÅ a\pjysâ {]hÀ¯\§fpsS Iq«mb

^ehpw ImemhØm hyXnbm\hpw Cuä¯S§

fpsS \mi¯n\p ImcWambn.

Cuä DXv¸¶§sf Poht\m]m[nbm¡nb

hÀ¡v ImemhØbpambn _Ôs¸«pÅ

\oXn knäcp \ZnbpsS hS¡³ `mK¯mbn Xncp

s\Âthen PnÃbn hoctIcfw ]p¯qÀ Xmeq¡n

se Hcp ]«WamWv hocWw. Hcp Ime¯v ]mbv

s\bv¯nteÀs¸«ncp¶ apkv-eow kapZmb¯nse

BfpIfmWv Cu ]«W¯nse \nhmknIfn Iq

SpXepw. Ct¸mÄ ]qÀ®ambn AhÀ B sXmgnÂ

\ndp¯n. ]mb s\¿m\pÅ Akwkv-IrX hkvXp

hmb Cuäbpw Hcp Ime¯v knäcphn \n¶v

kpe`ambn e`n¨ncp¶p. kwKw kmlnXy¯nse

]m«pIfn CXns\ ‘kmbv' F¶mWv ]cmaÀin¨n

cn¡p¶Xv. Cuä ]dn¨v, DW¡n, Nmbw ap¡n ho-

­pw shůn ap¡n h¨ tijw s\¿m\mbn

Xdnbn Ibäpw. {]ikvXamb ‘]¯aSn' t]mse

AhcpsS ]c¼cmKX sXmgnembncp¶p AXv. Xan

62

IqSv s\¿m³ ]cn-{i-an-¡p¶

streaked weaver bird

cm]cWn \ZnbpsS Xoc§fn hfÀ¶ Cuä sIm

­v ]mb s\bvXmWv AhcpsS I¨hSw ]¨ ]nSn

¨Xv. F¶ment¸mÄ Cu ]«W¯nse `qcn`mKw

s\bv¯pImÀ¡pw AhÀ¡mhiyamb Cuä In«p

¶nÃ. ^etam AhÀ¡v ¹mÌnIv sIm­v \nÀ½n¨

]mb hm§n, hnäv Pohnt¡­n hcp¶p.

XoÀ¨bmbpw ImemhØm hyXnbm\w Cu

P\§fpsS PohnX¯n Imcyamb amä§fp­m

¡nbn«p­v. {]IrXn¡v bmsXmcp Xc¯nepw tZm

jw sN¿m¯ DXv¸¶§Ä \nÀ½n¨v Pohn¨ncp¶

hÀ {]IrXn¡v tZmjIcamb km[\§fp­m¡n

Pohnt¡­nh¶p. km¼¯nI ImgvN¸mSneqsS

t\m¡pIbmsW¦n CuäsIm­v taª IpSn

epIÄ Gsd¡psd A{]Xy£ambn Ignªp. t]m

b Ime¯v Imens¯mgp¯pIÄ taªncp¶Xv

Cuä sIm­mbncp¶p. Ct¸mgXv Sn³ joäv Bbn.

s]s«¶v \¶m¡m\pw ]pXp¡m\pw Ignbp¶Xpw

{]IrXn¡v tZmjap­m¡m¯XpamWv Cuä sIm

­pÅ DXv¸¶§Ä. AhbpsS Ahinãw t]m

epw KpWIcamWv. F¶m Chbv¡v ]Icw h¶

B[p\nI kmt¦XnI hnZybptSXmb DXv¸¶§

tfm? Ah km[yamb FÃm Xc¯nepw Cu

temIs¯ ]mcnØnXnI A]Nb¯nte¡mWv \

bn¡p¶Xv. Cuäbv¡v ]Icw h¶ ¹mÌn¡nsâ

tZmjhi§Ä \ap¡v Adnbmªn«Ã. F¶mÂ

ImemhØm hyXnbm\ap­m¡p¶Xnsâ ImcW

§fnsem¶v ¹mÌn¡msW¶v \ap¡dnbmsXbm

tWm? knäcphnse Cuä¯S§fnse k¼¶amb

PohPme§Ä Ime {ItaW Ncn{Xmhinã§fm

bn amdptamsb¶v `bap­v. CXn\p Zrãm´hpap

­v. tImssd¸Åw (]mfbwtImss«), tImdw ]Åw

(Xq¯p¡pSn), tKmcn]mfbw (a[pssc) F¶o t]

cpIfpÅ ]«W§Ä Cuä hfcp¶ AcphnIfpsS

IcbnemWv ØnXn sN¿psX¶v ImWmw. Ahbp

sS t]cpIÄs¡m¸w tImssd (Cuä) Ct¸mgpap

­v. F¶m knäcphnse CuäIÄ \in¨m A

¯c¯nsemcp s]mSn t]mepw _m¡nbp­mInÃ.

Ahsb B{ibn¨v Pohn¡p¶ P\§Ä¡v Imem

hØbpambn _Ôs¸«v F´p \oXnbmWp­mhp

I?

Cuä¯S§fpsS hos­Sp¡Â knäcphns\ s]msebpÅ sNdnb \ZnIÄ

¡v IpdpsI Xangv-\m«n XSbnWIÄ \nÀ½n¨n«p

­v. CXp c­p Xc¯n klmbn¨ncn¡p¶p: \Zo

Xoct¯mSv tNÀ¶v InS¡p¶ CS§fnse InWdp

Ifn shůnsâ Afhv Hcp ]cn[n hsc IqSn.

XSbnWbpsS Hmc§fn Cuä¯S§Ä hfcm³

ImcWambn. A\ptbmPyamb kmlNcy¯nÂ

kzbw ho­pw hfcm³ Chbv¡v Ignbpw. F¶mÂ

Cu A\ptbmPyamb kmlNcyw krãn¡p¶

XnemWv k¦oÀWX. ]ebnS§fnsebpw Ptem]cn

Xew thK¯n Ipdªp hcnIbmWv. Imemh

ØhyXnbm\w CXn {][m\ ]¦v hln¡p¶p

s­¦nepw Imcyamb Aht_m[w krãnt¡­Xm

bpap­v. Cuä sIm­v \nÀ½n¨ncp¶ ]e IcIui

e hkvXp¡fpw Ct¸mÄ ¹mÌnIv sIm­mWv \nÀ

½n¡p¶Xv. Cu ¹mÌnIv DXv¸¶§Ä ]p\:Nw{Ia

Ww sN¿m³ IgnbnÃ. I¯n¡pt¼mÄ ]cnØnXn

¡pw Ipgn¨nSpt¼mÄ `qan¡pw Ah KpcpXcamb

{]iv-\§fp­m¡pw. CXnsâ Zqjy^e§fdnbm

hp¶ \½Ä C¯cw DXv¸¶§Ä _lnjv-Icn¡

Ww. ]Icw {]IrXn¡nW§nb DXv¸¶§sf t{]m

Xv-kmln¸n¡Ww. Cuä¸pÃv sIm­p­m¡nb Nq

ev Ct¸mgpw Ahiy km[\amWv. F¶menXv aym

³amdn \n¶mWv Cd¡paXn sN¿p¶Xv. km¼

¯nIambn t\m¡nbmepw Cuä¸pÃv AXy[nIw

{]m[m\yapÅXmWv.

]cnlmc amÀ¤§Ä 1. Cuä sIm­pÅ DXv¸¶§Ä D]tbmKn¡m \

³ am{XaÃ, Cuä¯S§Ä BhmkhyØbm

¡nbncn¡p¶ PohPme§sf¡pdn¨pw AXn

\p NpäpapÅ ]cnØnXn kwc£nt¡­Xnsâ

Hcp aÕys¯ sIm¯nsbSp¡m\mbn Pemib¯nsâ

Bg¯nte¡v ap§p¶ pried kingfisher

63

BhiyIXsb¡pdn¨pw \m«pImcn t_m[

hXv¡cWw krãn¡Ww.

2. ImemhØ hyXnbm\w aqeapÅ ]mcnØnXn

I {]iv-\§Ä Is­¯m³ \S]Snsb¡pI

bpw AXnsâ aqeImcW§Ä ]cnln¡pI

bpw thWw. A¯cw ]mcnØnXnI {]XymLm

X§Ä eLqIcn¡m³ \nc´camb ]cn{ia

§Ä thWw.

3. C¯cw {ia§Ä \Kck`IÄ, ]©mb¯pI

Ä XpS§n kÀ¡mÀ kwhn[m\¯nse Xmtg

¯«n \n¶v XpS§Ww.

References: 1. Bringing Reedbeds to Life: creating and managing reedbeds for wildlife, https://www.rspb.org.uk. 2. Climate change affects breeding of reed warblers Acrocephalus scirpaceus, Article in Journal of Avian Biology-

January-2008. 3. ெதா. பரமசிவ , ( ச ப , 2001), ப பா அைச க , த பதி , ெச ைன,

கால வ பதி பக , ப: 42. Photographs: A. Shanmuganantham and Lingaraja Venkatesh Lingaraja Venkatesh can be contacted at lingarajavenkatesh@gmail.com

www.pipaltree.org.in 64