PHOTOSYNTHESIS All living things need energy. Energy comes from sun. Energy is used to make:...

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PHOTOSYNTHESIS PHOTOSYNTHESIS All living things need energy. Energy comes from sun. Energy is used to make -Proteins -Sugars -Fats -Nucleic acids

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Transcript of PHOTOSYNTHESIS All living things need energy. Energy comes from sun. Energy is used to make:...

Page 1: PHOTOSYNTHESIS All living things need energy. Energy comes from sun. Energy is used to make: -Proteins -Sugars -Fats -Nucleic acids.

PHOTOSYNTHESISPHOTOSYNTHESIS

All living things need energy.

Energy comes from sun.

Energy is used to make:

-Proteins

-Sugars

-Fats

-Nucleic acids

Page 2: PHOTOSYNTHESIS All living things need energy. Energy comes from sun. Energy is used to make: -Proteins -Sugars -Fats -Nucleic acids.

PHOTOSYNTHESISPHOTOSYNTHESIS

Energy is harnessed:

Producers (plants) are able to convert this light energy (sunlight) into chemical energy (sugar).

Page 3: PHOTOSYNTHESIS All living things need energy. Energy comes from sun. Energy is used to make: -Proteins -Sugars -Fats -Nucleic acids.

PHOTOSYNTHESISPHOTOSYNTHESIS

EQUATION:

Carbon Water Sugar Oxygen WaterDioxide

6 CO2 + 12 H2OSunlight

chlorophyll

C6H12O6 + 6 O2 + 6 H2O

Page 4: PHOTOSYNTHESIS All living things need energy. Energy comes from sun. Energy is used to make: -Proteins -Sugars -Fats -Nucleic acids.

CHLOROPLASTSCHLOROPLASTS

All cells in leaves have thousands of green organelles called chloroplasts.

Page 5: PHOTOSYNTHESIS All living things need energy. Energy comes from sun. Energy is used to make: -Proteins -Sugars -Fats -Nucleic acids.

CHLOROPLASTSCHLOROPLASTS

Thylakoid: Flattened sacs; convert light NRG to chemical NRGGrana: Stacks of thylakoidsStroma: Cytoplasm of chloroplast; contains enzymes for making sugar

Page 6: PHOTOSYNTHESIS All living things need energy. Energy comes from sun. Energy is used to make: -Proteins -Sugars -Fats -Nucleic acids.

CHLOROPHYLLCHLOROPHYLL

Molecule that absorbs sunlight energy.

Photoreactive core

Page 7: PHOTOSYNTHESIS All living things need energy. Energy comes from sun. Energy is used to make: -Proteins -Sugars -Fats -Nucleic acids.

SUNLIGHTSUNLIGHT

Plants appear to be green because chlorophyll does not absorb green wavelengths of light.What do you think would happen if you placed a plant in just green light?

Just blue light?

Page 8: PHOTOSYNTHESIS All living things need energy. Energy comes from sun. Energy is used to make: -Proteins -Sugars -Fats -Nucleic acids.

HOW DOES A CHLOROPLAST HOW DOES A CHLOROPLAST WORK?WORK?

A. Light reaction

1. Sunlight is absorbed by chlorophyll in thylakoid.

2. This energy is used to split water.2 H2O O2 + 4 H+

+ 4 electrons

3. Oxygen is produced.

4. Electrons are excited (contain super energy).

5. No carbon dioxide is used; no sugar is produced.

Page 9: PHOTOSYNTHESIS All living things need energy. Energy comes from sun. Energy is used to make: -Proteins -Sugars -Fats -Nucleic acids.

HOW DOES A CHLOROPLAST WORK?HOW DOES A CHLOROPLAST WORK?

Light reactions harness sunlight to split water, produce oxygen, and excite an electron. Occurs in thylakoids.

Page 10: PHOTOSYNTHESIS All living things need energy. Energy comes from sun. Energy is used to make: -Proteins -Sugars -Fats -Nucleic acids.

HOW DOES A CHLOROPLAST HOW DOES A CHLOROPLAST WORK?WORK?

B. Dark Reaction (Calvin Cycle)

1. Enzymes in stroma use the excited electron’s energy to build sugar from CO2 and H+.

2. DOES NOT REQUIRE DARKNESS, BUT CAN HAPPEN IN DARK BUT . . .

Only if there are enough excited electrons. Once those run out – photosynthesis is done.

Page 11: PHOTOSYNTHESIS All living things need energy. Energy comes from sun. Energy is used to make: -Proteins -Sugars -Fats -Nucleic acids.

Leaf StructureLeaf StructureCuticle – waxy layer on top of leaf

Page 12: PHOTOSYNTHESIS All living things need energy. Energy comes from sun. Energy is used to make: -Proteins -Sugars -Fats -Nucleic acids.

Leaf StructureLeaf Structure

Epidermis – outermost layer of cells

Page 13: PHOTOSYNTHESIS All living things need energy. Energy comes from sun. Energy is used to make: -Proteins -Sugars -Fats -Nucleic acids.

Leaf StructureLeaf Structure

Upper epidermis

Lower epidermis

Page 14: PHOTOSYNTHESIS All living things need energy. Energy comes from sun. Energy is used to make: -Proteins -Sugars -Fats -Nucleic acids.

PALISADES

Page 15: PHOTOSYNTHESIS All living things need energy. Energy comes from sun. Energy is used to make: -Proteins -Sugars -Fats -Nucleic acids.
Page 16: PHOTOSYNTHESIS All living things need energy. Energy comes from sun. Energy is used to make: -Proteins -Sugars -Fats -Nucleic acids.

Leaf StructureLeaf Structure

Palisade layer – “tall” cells; primary site of photosynthesis in leaf (many chloroplasts)

Page 17: PHOTOSYNTHESIS All living things need energy. Energy comes from sun. Energy is used to make: -Proteins -Sugars -Fats -Nucleic acids.

Leaf StructureLeaf Structure

Spongy layer – cells are not tightly packed; room for gas exchange; some chloroplasts

Page 18: PHOTOSYNTHESIS All living things need energy. Energy comes from sun. Energy is used to make: -Proteins -Sugars -Fats -Nucleic acids.

Leaf StructureLeaf Structure

Guard cells – form openings to allow gases and water to enter/leave leaf; some chloroplasts

Page 19: PHOTOSYNTHESIS All living things need energy. Energy comes from sun. Energy is used to make: -Proteins -Sugars -Fats -Nucleic acids.

Leaf StructureLeaf Structure

Stomata –openings formed by guard cells

Page 20: PHOTOSYNTHESIS All living things need energy. Energy comes from sun. Energy is used to make: -Proteins -Sugars -Fats -Nucleic acids.

Leaf StructureLeaf Structure

Xylem – transport of water

Page 21: PHOTOSYNTHESIS All living things need energy. Energy comes from sun. Energy is used to make: -Proteins -Sugars -Fats -Nucleic acids.

Leaf StructureLeaf Structure

Phloem – transport of sugar


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