Photography History

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Photography History Photography History

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Photography History. Two vital element in Photography. Question#1 Optical: Lenses captures light Chemicals: Allowed photographers to process their negatives and prints. Camera Obscura. Question# 2 Latin for dark room. People using this technology. Aristotle (c. 300 BC). - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of Photography History

Page 1: Photography History

Photography HistoryPhotography History

Page 2: Photography History

Two vital element in PhotographyTwo vital element in Photography

Question#1Question#1

Optical: Lenses captures lightOptical: Lenses captures light

Chemicals: Allowed Chemicals: Allowed photographers to photographers to process their process their negatives and printsnegatives and prints

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Camera ObscuraCamera Obscura

Question# 2Question# 2 Latin for dark room.Latin for dark room. People using this technology. People using this technology.

Aristotle (c. 300 BC).Aristotle (c. 300 BC). Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519). The Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519). The camera obscura

((Lat. dark chamberdark chamber) ) Arabian scholar Hassan ibn Hassan in the 10th Arabian scholar Hassan ibn Hassan in the 10th

century century Later another device that will aid in drawing will Later another device that will aid in drawing will

be developed in the 1800’s call the be developed in the 1800’s call the Camera Lucida

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Optical device used in Optical device used in drawing, drawing,

Contributed toward Contributed toward the invention of the invention of photography..

Photographic devices Photographic devices today are still known today are still known as "as "cameras".".

Camera ObscuraCamera Obscura

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Joseph Nicéphore Niépce Joseph Nicéphore Niépce

1816-1818, experiments 1816-1818, experiments combining Camera Obscura combining Camera Obscura with light-sensitive paper, with light-sensitive paper, failuresfailures

Found that Silver Nitrate and Found that Silver Nitrate and Silver Chloride would turn Silver Chloride would turn black when struck by light. black when struck by light.

1818, image fixed for 3 months 1818, image fixed for 3 months He ran out of money and in He ran out of money and in

poor health.poor health. He stopped short of producing He stopped short of producing

a permanent image.a permanent image.

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William Henry Fox Talbot William Henry Fox Talbot

Question#3Question#3 Title: Title:

William Henry Fox Talbot. . (1800-1877)(1800-1877)

In England, Talbot In England, Talbot creates creates permanent (negative) permanent (negative) imagesimages using paper using paper soaked in silver chloride soaked in silver chloride and fixed with a salt and fixed with a salt solution.solution.

Perfected the Calotype Perfected the Calotype processprocess

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Calotype ProcessCalotype Process

1.1. photogenic drawingphotogenic drawing

2.2. First to produce a First to produce a negative image.negative image.

3.3. not as bright or as not as bright or as detailed as detailed as daguerreotypedaguerreotype

4.4. multiple copies could multiple copies could be madebe made

5.5. Image quality is a little Image quality is a little soft and unsharpsoft and unsharp

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Louis JacquesLouis JacquesMande Daguerre Mande Daguerre (pronounced Dagair)(pronounced Dagair)

Title: Title: Louis Jacques Mande Daguerre. (1787-1851). (1787-1851)

dioramas (Diorama)dioramas (Diorama) interest in lensesinterest in lenses 1829: after several years of 1829: after several years of

back and forth, Niépce and back and forth, Niépce and Daguerre team up.Daguerre team up.

1833: Niépce dies, penniless.1833: Niépce dies, penniless. Daguerre first to make a Daguerre first to make a

positive image as mercury positive image as mercury vapor was used to produce an vapor was used to produce an image formed on a silver image formed on a silver coated coated copper sheetcopper sheet made made sensitive to lightsensitive to light

Question # 4Question # 4

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DaguerreotypeDaguerreotype Process Process

Mirrorlike surface, Mirrorlike surface, negative from certain negative from certain angles delicate, in thick angles delicate, in thick glassglass

No multiple printsNo multiple prints Could not capture motionCould not capture motion 5-40 minute exposure 5-40 minute exposure

timetime Initially, not practical for Initially, not practical for

portraitsportraits

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Early PhotographyEarly Photography

Question #5Question #5

Early Photography Early Photography consisted mostly of consisted mostly of pictures of pictures of Famous Famous People and Out People and Out DoorsDoors

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Frederick Scott Archer Frederick Scott Archer Collodion (wet plate) process Collodion (wet plate) process

Question#6Question#6

Frederick Scott Frederick Scott Archer invents Archer invents Collodion process Collodion process (but doesn’t patent)(but doesn’t patent)

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Collodion ProcessCollodion Process

This process replaces Daguerrotype This process replaces Daguerrotype The definite advantage was that the The definite advantage was that the

collodion plate had a depth of detail and collodion plate had a depth of detail and sharpness unprecedented exposed and sharpness unprecedented exposed and developed inside the camera. developed inside the camera.

reduced exposure time to just a few reduced exposure time to just a few secondsseconds

brought portraiture to the people (tintype)brought portraiture to the people (tintype)

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REVIEWREVIEW People just coveredPeople just covered

DaVinci DaVinci - lenses- lenses Niepce Niepce - chemical- chemical Talbot Talbot - Calotype process- Calotype process Daguerre Daguerre - Daguerreotype process- Daguerreotype process Morse Morse - most famous Daguerrotypist- most famous Daguerrotypist Archer Archer - Collodion process- Collodion process

Process just coveredProcess just covered• Calotype Calotype – perfected by Talbot– perfected by Talbot• Daguerretype Daguerretype – developed by Daguerre– developed by Daguerre• Collodion Collodion – developed by Archer– developed by Archer

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Matthew Brady Matthew Brady

Question #7Question #7 Title: Title: Mathew Brady, ,

1875 1875 taught by Samuel Morsetaught by Samuel Morse had portrait studios in had portrait studios in

New York and New York and Washington DCWashington DC

portrait photographers’ portrait photographers’ pictures of soldierspictures of soldiers

1862, closed studios, 1862, closed studios, went to photograph the went to photograph the Civil WarCivil War

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Matthew Brady Matthew Brady

Title: First Battle of Bull Run, Title: First Battle of Bull Run, 18611861

was probably one of the was probably one of the greatest of photographic greatest of photographic documentary photographers documentary photographers

by end of Civil War, his team by end of Civil War, his team had taken over 7000 had taken over 7000 negatives negatives

didn’t ignore harsh realitydidn’t ignore harsh reality public wasn’t ready for stark public wasn’t ready for stark

brutality of imagesbrutality of images

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Darkroom of the Civil WarDarkroom of the Civil War

Question #8Question #8 The Civil War The Civil War

Darkroom was a Darkroom was a Covered WagonCovered Wagon

Very mobile Very mobile Used by Used by

BradyBrady GardnerGardner O’SullivanO’Sullivan W.H. JacksonW.H. Jackson

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Photography more than a portraitPhotography more than a portrait

Question # 9Question # 9- William Henry Jackson - William Henry Jackson

photographed the frontierphotographed the frontier

http://www.andrewsmithgallery.com/exhibitions/whjackson/index.htm

Yellowstone ParkYellowstone Park Helped to create Helped to create

Yellowstone as a park Yellowstone as a park once viewed by Congressonce viewed by Congress

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What was just coveredWhat was just covered

Photography came out of the studioPhotography came out of the studio Real life pictures were documenting Real life pictures were documenting

current eventscurrent events Photography persuades public opinionPhotography persuades public opinion

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Joseph MuybridgeJoseph Muybridge

1871 Invention of the 1871 Invention of the moveable shuttermoveable shutter

Had a bet with Leyland Had a bet with Leyland Stanford that a horse in full Stanford that a horse in full stride did not have all four feet stride did not have all four feet off the ground.off the ground.

In 1878 Muybridge proved the In 1878 Muybridge proved the horse bunched the legs under horse bunched the legs under it belly at full stride.it belly at full stride.

The techniques eventually lead The techniques eventually lead to motion pictures.to motion pictures.

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Horse RunningHorse Running

Question # 10Question # 10

Click here to see horse video.

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George Eastman George Eastman

Question # 11Question # 11

Title: A 1954 U.S. stamp Title: A 1954 U.S. stamp featuring featuring George Eastman. 1888. 1888

Photo paper could be Photo paper could be purchased instead of purchased instead of made by hand.made by hand.

$25 camera. $10 have $25 camera. $10 have photos developed.photos developed.

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Kodak #1 camera,Kodak #1 camera,

Question # 12Question # 12 Photo taken with Photo taken with

Kodak #1 camera, Kodak #1 camera, 18901890

Took 100 photosTook 100 photos The entire camera The entire camera

was sent back to was sent back to Kodak for developingKodak for developing

By the end of the By the end of the century camera clubs century camera clubs were flourishingwere flourishing

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What we just coveredWhat we just covered

Photography was capable caputuring Photography was capable caputuring multiple imagesmultiple images

Kodak put cameras in the hands of Kodak put cameras in the hands of common peoplecommon people

““Snapshot” clubs developedSnapshot” clubs developed

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Alfred StieglitsAlfred Stieglits

Question # 13Question # 13 Top: self-portrait of Top: self-portrait of

Alfred StieglitsAlfred Stieglits Bottom: everyday lifeBottom: everyday life Stieglits produced Stieglits produced

emotional glimpses of emotional glimpses of everyday life.everyday life.

““Documentary” Documentary” Photography bornPhotography born

Champion of Champion of • ““Straight Photography”Straight Photography”

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Photo as a means of expressionPhoto as a means of expression

Question # 14Question # 14 Light meter invented 1930Light meter invented 1930 Half-tone processHalf-tone process created and used in the mass created and used in the mass

production of books and magazinesproduction of books and magazines History has now become visual as well as verbal.History has now become visual as well as verbal.

Question # 15Question # 15 Life MagazineLife Magazine is the birth of “Photojournalism”. is the birth of “Photojournalism”. Vogue MagazineVogue Magazine used the camera as a platform for used the camera as a platform for

fashion.fashion.

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What we just coveredWhat we just covered

Everyday life is photographedEveryday life is photographed Documentary photography is developedDocumentary photography is developed The light meter was developedThe light meter was developed Mass production of photos is capable due Mass production of photos is capable due

to the half-tone processto the half-tone process Life and Vogue magazine have photos as Life and Vogue magazine have photos as

their magazine foundation.their magazine foundation.

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Ansel AdamsAnsel Adams

Question # 16Question # 16 Title: Title:

Ansel Adams,Ansel Adams, El Capitan, Winter El Capitan, Winter

Ansel Adams and Fred Ansel Adams and Fred Archer are credited with Archer are credited with creating the creating the zone system

Adams is primarily Adams is primarily associated with Yosemite associated with Yosemite Valley, Ca. imagery.Valley, Ca. imagery.

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Diane ArbusDiane Arbus

Question # 17Question # 17

She took her camera She took her camera places where people places where people we afraid to go.we afraid to go.

Mental hospitalsMental hospitals Physical deformitiesPhysical deformities

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The Big Picture of PhotographyThe Big Picture of Photography Expression of art as well as scienceExpression of art as well as science Portraits - TalbotPortraits - Talbot Document history – BradyDocument history – Brady Motion pictures developed out of photography - HorseMotion pictures developed out of photography - Horse Kodak put the camera in the hands of all - EastmanKodak put the camera in the hands of all - Eastman Everyday life documented - StieglitzEveryday life documented - Stieglitz Books/Magazines used photography for their Books/Magazines used photography for their

products/beliefs - Life/Vogueproducts/beliefs - Life/Vogue Landscape was explored – Ansel AdamsLandscape was explored – Ansel Adams The physical surroundings were invistigated both human The physical surroundings were invistigated both human

and natural – Diane Arbusand natural – Diane Arbus