Philosophy Philosophy. Greeks placed importance on intellect. Intellect: the ability to learn and...
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Transcript of Philosophy Philosophy. Greeks placed importance on intellect. Intellect: the ability to learn and...
Philosophy
Philosophy
Greeks placed
importance on intellect.
Greeks placed
importance on intellect.
Intellect: the ability to learn
and reason
Intellect: the ability to learn
and reason
philosophiaphilosophiaStudying the laws of nature and loving wisdom
Today we call these people scientists and philosophers
Studying the laws of nature and loving wisdom
Today we call these people scientists and philosophers
SocratesSocrates Born 470 B.C. Gave up business to search for truth
Traveled throughout Athens teaching
developed Socratic Method of learning – answered a question with a question
Teachings of Socrates
Teachings of Socrates
Believed wrongdoing was a consequence of ignorance
Believed you should focus on self-development
Believed wrongdoing was a consequence of ignorance
Believed you should focus on self-development
Reaction to
Teachings of
Socrates
Reaction to
Teachings of
Socrates
Some people were pleased to examine their own
beliefs
Some people were pleased to examine their own
beliefs
Some felt that Socrates
teachings were
dangerous.
Some felt that Socrates
teachings were
dangerous.
In reality….
In reality….It pointed out
their own mistakes.
It pointed out their own mistakes.
Socrates was accused of….Socrates was accused of….
Denying the gods Corrupting the youth of Athens
Trying to overthrow the government
Denying the gods Corrupting the youth of Athens
Trying to overthrow the government
Socrates was put on trial.
Socrates was put on trial.
Tried before 500 citizens “Wealth does not bring goodness. But goodness brings wealth and every blessing, both to the citizen and to the polis.”
Tried before 500 citizens “Wealth does not bring goodness. But goodness brings wealth and every blessing, both to the citizen and to the polis.”
Guilty or Not Guilty
Guilty or Not Guilty
Socrates was found guilty
Sentenced to deathDrank hemlock (poison)
Socrates was found guilty
Sentenced to deathDrank hemlock (poison)
The Death of Socrates
Jaques-Louis David (French, 1787)
People regretted executing
Socrates and erected a
statue in his honor.
People regretted executing
Socrates and erected a
statue in his honor.
Socrates left no writings.
What we have learned,
we learned from one of his pupils…..
Socrates left no writings.
What we have learned,
we learned from one of his pupils…..
Plato
Plato
Plato428 B.C. (?)Student of Socrates
30 years old when Socrates died
Plato dreamed of being a politicianPlato dreamed of being a politician
•Changed his mind after Socrates’ death
•Traveled to Egypt & Italy•Gone for 12 years Academy - School set up by Plato & taught for 40 years
•Changed his mind after Socrates’ death
•Traveled to Egypt & Italy•Gone for 12 years Academy - School set up by Plato & taught for 40 years
The Academy by: Raphael
Plato’s BeliefsPlato’s Beliefs Believed in order Thought only wise should rule
Wrote The Republic – 1st political science book (study of government)
Wrote The Dialogues
Believed in order Thought only wise should rule
Wrote The Republic – 1st political science book (study of government)
Wrote The Dialogues
Aristotle
Aristotle
AristotleAristotle Pupil of Plato Came to Academy at 17; stayed 20 years
Founded his own school & wrote more than 200 books
“the master of them that
know”
“the master of them that
know”First to classifyDeveloped third step of scientific method: testing hypothesis
Logic – science of reasoning
First to classifyDeveloped third step of scientific method: testing hypothesis
Logic – science of reasoning
Be kind, for everyone you meet is fighting a hard
battle. Plato
Be kind, for everyone you meet is fighting a hard
battle. Plato
The unexamined life is not worth living.
Socrates
The unexamined life is not worth living.
Socrates
Character may almost be called the most effective means of persuasion. Aristotle
Character may almost be called the most effective means of persuasion. Aristotle
Greek ScientistsGreek Scientists Thales of Miletus – 1st Greek Scientist; predicted eclipse of sun in 585 B.C.
Hippocrates – founder of scientific medicine; diagnosed diseases; created rules about how doctors use skills (Hippocratic Oath)