PHILIPPINE REPORT - CCOP · Sample Assays of Natural Gas in the Philippines OVERVIEW OF THE...

CO2 STORAGE CAPACITY ESTIMATION

PHILIPPINE REPORT

20 AUGUST 2013

BANGKOK, THAILAND

CONSUMPTION OF THE PHILIPPINES BY FUEL ◦ Fossil Fuel Consumption

CO2 EMMISION ◦ GHG Emission by Sector

◦ GHG Emission by Fuel Type

ASSOCIATED CO2 VOLUMES FROM GAS PRODUCTION ◦ Sample Assays of Natural Gas in the Philippines

OVERVIEW OF THE POSSIBILITY TO UTILIZE CO2 TO EOR IN OIL FIELDS/DISCOVERIES

Million tonnes oil equivalent Year Oil Natural Gas Coal Hydroelectricity Renewables Total

2006 13.3 2.4 5.5 2.2 2.4 25.8 2007 14.1 2.8 5.9 1.9 2.3 27 2008 12.3 3 7 2.2 2.4 26.9 2009 13.1 3 6.7 2.2 2.4 27.4 2010 12.2 2.8 7.7 1.8 2.3 26.8 2011 11.8 3.2 8.3 2.1 2.3 27.7 Total 76.8 17.2 41.1 12.4 14.1 161.6

Oil

47%

Natural Gas

11%

Coal

25%

Hydroelectricity

8%

Renewables

9%

Consumption of Philippines by Fuel


52%

9%

21%

9% 9%

2006

Oil Natural Gas Coal Hydroelectricity Renewables

52%

10%

22%

7%

9%

2007


46%

11%

26%

8% 9%

2008




48%

11%

24%

8% 9%

2009


45%

10%

29%

7% 9%

2010


43%

11%

30%

8% 8%

2011


Oil

47%

Natural Gas

11%

Coal

25%

Hydroelectricity

8%

Renewables

9%

Fossil Fuel consumption namely Oil, Natural Gas and Coal

Eighty three (83%)

CO2 Emissions

GHG Emission by Sector and Activity

MTCO2e Sector and Activity 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Total

Industry 9.51 10.02 11.71 10.09 11.8 53.13 Transport 24.9 26.55 24.5 25.6 25.93 127.48 Others(1) 4.24 4.11 3.99 5 4.9 22.24 Electricity Generation 22.92 24.73 27.48 27.97 30.96 134.06 Energy(2) 0.42 0.33 0.38 0.41 0.53 2.07 Total 61.99 65.74 68.06 69.07 74.12 338.98

Notes: (1) includes Residential, Commercial and Agricultural Sectors (2) Refers to emission from the transformation of oil and gas into useful energy (i.e., emission from the fuel consumed by oil refining and from Gas Flaring )

CO2 Emissions

GHG Emission by Fuel Type

Fuel type 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Total Liquid Fossils (Oil) 36.98 38.32 36.38 38.48 40.03 190.2 Solid Fossils (Coal) 19.08 20.33 24.21 23.07 27.01 113.7 Gaseous Fossils (Natural Gas) 5.92 7.1 7.47 7.53 7.09 35.1 Total 61.99 65.75 68.07 69.07 74.12 339.0

Industry

16%

Transport

38%

Others(1)

6%

Electricity

Generation

39%

Energy(2)

1%

GHG Emision by Sector &

Activity

56% 34%

10%

GHG Emissions By Fuel Type

Liquid Fossils (Oil) Solid Fossils (Coal)

Gaseous Fossils (Natural Gas)

CO2 Emissions

Summary

Electrical Generation and Transport sector comprises

majority of GHG emission (Electrical Generation =

39%, Transport = 38%)

While on per fuel basis, much of the GHG emissions

came from Oil with a corresponding share of 56%

followed by coal with 34% and natural gas with 10%

Associated CO2 Volumes from Gas Production

Gas Fields in the Philippines

San Antonio

- G&G for further development

Malampaya

- Now on MP2 & MP3

Libertad

- Supplying gas 1-MW power plant

Sultan-sa-Barongis

- For further evaluation

Malampaya

~ 2.4-3.7 TCF

San Antonio

~4 BCF

SSB

~34 BCF

Libertad

~1 BCF

Component Concentration (/sm3 gas)

Technique

CO2 3 - 3.8%m Orsat

H2S 4.8 - 12.3 ppm Tutweiler

Radon-222 1.0 - 6.0 mWL WLM-30

Water 3,850 – 14,248 (mg)

Karl Fischer reagens (ASTM E700)

Mercury 0.3 -4.2 (μg) KMnO4/H2SO4 (ISO Method 6978A)

Chlorides 0.35 - 1.4 (mg) CL 0992/IP 77 (AG2NO4)

MALAMPAYA

Sample Assays of Natural Gas in the Philippines

Components Mole Fraction (%)

Methane 96.3006

Ethane 0.3508

Nitrogen 2.5832

CO2 0.0532

Water 0.7122

Total 100.000


San Antonio

Libertad Gas

1 Gross Heating Value, @ 15°C per vol @STP. STP is 15°C and 1.01325 BAR


OVERVIEW OF THE POSSIBILITY TO UTILIZE CO2 TO EOR IN GAS FIELDS/DISCOVERIES

There are still no carbon capture projects in

industrial processes or in operating power generation facilities in the Philippines

Due to the many challenges such:

Technical

Cost-competitiveness

Environmental and public health risks

Absence of policies mandating reductions in carbon emissions or specific laws for the purpose.

1. Applicable Carbon Capture System:

Post Combustion Capture

2. Carbon Emission Sources CALABARZON AREA is were the major stationary CO2 sources are located

3. Carbon Capture Plants:

Top 3

a. Ilijan Power Plant (1,200 MW) =3.1 MtCO2/year

b. Sta Rita Power Plant (1,000 MW) = 2.8 MtCO2/year

c. San Lorenzo Power Plant (500 MW) = 1.4 MtCO2/year

Malampaya gas field can accommodate an annual CO2 emission of 11 Mt/year

Identified potential CO2 storage facilities:

Sedimentary basins (conventional storage) – oil and gas fields

Saline aquifers

Unconventional storage sites such as geothermal field, ophiolites, coal beds and shales.

Among 16 Sedimentary Basins in the Philippines, only two namely the Cagayan and Central Luzon Basins have sufficient data for initial CO2 storage data.

The cumulative storage capacity of the 14 well reservoirs (Oil fields) that were assessed is 35 MtCO2, the largest being that of West Linapacan (20MtCO2) and Malampaya (3MtCO2). On the other hand, the cumulative storage capacity of the gas fields are around 287 MtCO2. The Malampaya having the largest with an approximate capacity of 260 MtCO2.

Conventional Storage

Enhanced Coal-Bed Methane (ECBM) recovery in coal mines is being conducted by the government. Coal mines, however, are located far from CO2 emission sources.

Geothermal fields and prospects would need further study or pilot testing for CCS especially in areas that are within reasonable distance of identified CO2 sources.

The Zambales Ophiolite, located west of the Central Luzon Basin, is the most promising among the ophiolite bodies for storage. However, substantial research on permeability and sealing is needed to assess their potential for carbon storage.

Unconventional Storage

In the absence of other viable storage options in the

near- and long- term, it is logical and practical to use the existing 504-km natural gas pipeline for transporting CO2

Draw. No. : P97-1541

PowerStations

AlternativeFuel

24" Dry gaspipeline

2 x 16” CRA wet gas

9 Development wells1 Contingency well

Batangas

Subseamanifold

Ups tream Downs tream

Condensatestorage

Condensateexport

- 820 m

- 43 m

30 km 504 km

- 0 m

3rd flowline(2021)

Gas dehydrationGas dewpointingCondensate s tabilisationExport compression

Sulphur RecoveryH2S removalMeteringSupply base

Catenary AnchoredLeg Mooring (CALM)buoy for tankerloading of condensate

PLATFORM

M a n il a

T a b a n g a o R e f i n e ryB a t a n g a s

I l i j a n ( N P C )

S a n t a R it a

Malam p aya

S an L o re n z o

9 Development wells

1. There are limited opportunities for large-scale deployment of CCS in the Philippines before 2024 at the earliest as Malampaya gas field is currently still producing.

2. Given, however, the 300-km distance between the emission sources in CALABARZON and the potential storage sites which are all located in Northwest Palawan, the cost of transporting CO2 would need some consideration if a new high pressure pipeline dedicated to CCS is to be built

3. To undertake early work to pilot and test unconventional storage options (e.g. Geothermal Fields and ophiolites) for CO2 generators that may not be able to easily access conventional CCS storage such as Malampaya.

Concluding Thoughts and Observations

4. Government needs to demonstrate its commitment to pursuing CCS through public statements, funding of CCS activities at a low but effective level, institution of a basic “capture ready” policy and initiation of public engagement on CCS.

Concluding Thoughts and Observations

1. “Determining the Potential for Carbon Capture and Storage in Southeast Asia, Philippine Country Report”, June 2012 by Asian Development Bank.

2. Philippine Energy Plan of 2010 “Key Energy Statistics”

3. BP Statistical Review of World Energy June 2012

References

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