Philip Anderson National Sales Manager System Sensor Canada.
Transcript of Philip Anderson National Sales Manager System Sensor Canada.
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Smoke Detector Applications and Testing Methods
Philip AndersonNational Sales ManagerSystem Sensor Canada
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A hospital is like a city◦ Living areas◦ Machinery, high technology◦ Food prep/service◦ Retail, public spaces◦ Open spaces, parking
Wide range of application challenges
Similarity to other installations
Introduction
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Patient areas Living spaces Data rooms Kitchens, cafeterias Open spaces, atriums
Typical Applications
Similar requirements to apartment buildings, hotels, offices, dormitories, and elderly care facilities
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Fire detection requirements◦ Nuisance immunity◦ Addressability◦ Tamper resistance◦ Accessibility for testing
and maintenance
Patient Areas
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Combine multiple sensing technologies
Quick response to real fires
High level nuisance immunity
Patient Areas
Multi-Criteria Detectors
Ideal for areas where nuisance conditions are often present or mission critical activities are performed
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Accurate Detection
Sensor elements work together to decide appropriate response
Patient Areas
Multi-Criteria Detectors
Infrared sensor
Electrochemical CO sensor
Heat sensors
Photoelectric smoke sensing
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Frequent nuisance conditions◦ Dorm/hotel rooms (shower
steam, cigarette smoke)◦ Industrial (welding)◦ Theaters (theater smoke)
Zero tolerance for nuisance conditions◦ Finance◦ Data center◦ Medical facilities
Similar Applications
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Application requirements◦ Accurate smoke detection◦ Local annunciation of alarm◦ General alarm annunciation
Living Areas
Similar to other living spaces such as hotels, dormitories, and apartment buildings
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Provide local annunciation via direct connection to sensor head
Eliminate additional devices and associated wiring, junction box, etc
Smoke Alarm Application
Living Areas
Sounder Base
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Sounder Base / Smoke Alarm
SMOKE WITH SOUNDER BASE
DETECTOR IN HALLWAY
HORN STROBE IN HALLWAY
SMOKE WITH SOUNDER BASE
1. Local event - Turn on local sounders - Volume = high - Tone = cont
2. General evac - Turn on all horns & strobes - Turn on all sounders - Volume = high - Tone = T3 - Synchronize
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Very Early Warning Detection
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Application Requirements◦ High-value equipment and data
protection through point location of alarm
◦ Detect smoke dispersed by high air velocity with high sensitivity and high airflow tolerant chamber design
◦ Open area and duct smoke detection
Data Rooms
Other areas are data rooms for telecommunication centers or server farms for Internet companies.
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Air Aspiration Approach Aspirated smoke detectors - air sampling One central detector - high sensitivity Air is sampled via pipes in protected area
◦ air is filtered before reaching detector
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Provides Very Early Warning Fire Protection as per NFPA 76
Coverage:◦ 900 square feet “Standard
Coverage”◦ 400 square feet coverage for
“Mission-Critical” Environments◦ 200 square feet coverage for high air
movement areas
High Sensitivity Laser Spot Detector
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A laserdiode is used to deliver ultra-high sensitivity◦ 0.02% to 2.0% per foot
◦ 100 times more sensitive than a standard photoelectric smoke detector
Advanced algorithms eliminate most false and nuisance alarms
Data Rooms
High Sensitivity Laser Detector
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Ideal where high air velocity / high air changes per hour exist
May be mounted directly to machinery and air handling equipment
Data Rooms
Laser Duct Smoke Detector
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Mounted Within Server Cabinet
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Air Return Layout
Aspiration Sampling
Pipe
Spot Type Detectors
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Air Return Layout
Spot Laser Smoke Detectors
High-Sensitivity Duct Detector with up to 12’ Sampling Tube
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Application requirements◦ Provide proper protection
for large, open areas◦ Provide coverage at an
affordable cost◦ Eliminate the interference
or unsightliness of spot detection in open spaces
Open Spaces
Areas include atriums, churches, airports, gymnasiums, auditoriums, theaters, and malls
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Beam Type smoke detectors are a versatile and cost-effective solution for open area environments
Keep clear of reflective ceilings (12”-18”) but also other structural or mechanical obstructions
Consider the effects of incident light from skylights or overhead windows, especially as seasons change
Open Spaces
Beam Detector Installation Aids
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Ceiling height affects ◦ Accessibility for
maintenance and testing.
◦ Stratification - when smoke reaches the same temperature of the surrounding air, it stops rising.
◦ Dissipation - The higher the ceiling, the more smoke can dissipate by the time it reaches the detector.
Cathedral and Atrium Ceilings
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Reflected Beam Principle
Transceiver
Reflector
Smoke from the fire in the protected area diffuses the intensity of the reflected beam at the receiver
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Practical locations for Beam use?
• Areas with high ceilings– atriums, churches
• Large, open areas– warehouses, garages
• Mount detector on stable mounting surface
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Annual Inspections
Each detector shall be:
◦ Visual inspected for cleanliness
◦ Tested for operation with smoke or simulated smoke
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Annual Inspections Each detector shall be:
◦ Tested to ensure that it is operating within the rated sensitivity
Sensitivity may measured with◦ Manufacturers recommended
test equipment◦ Directly from control units
capable of providing that data through software
◦ Third party calibrated equipment
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Duct Detector Placement
Duct Detectors should be located in a straight area between 6 and 10 duct widths from any return openings, sharp turns or connections in the duct.
Detectors may be mounted on inlet or outlet ducts, depending on the monitoring purpose or code requirement.
When the duct detector's Alarm or Supervisory LED is not visible to responding personnel, a remote alarm or supervisory indication shall be provided.
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AIR DUCT TYPE SMOKE DETECTORS Where air duct type smoke detectors cannot be installed in
the main supply duct, they shall be installed in each of the branch lines as close as practical to the supply fan downstream of the mixing box, filters and fan.
Figure 24
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AIR DUCT TYPE SMOKE DETECTORS Where air duct type smoke detectors cannot be installed in
the main supply duct, they shall be installed in each of the branch lines as close as practical to the supply fan downstream of the mixing box, filters and fan.
Figure 24
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Inspected and tested to confirm operability
Rated for the air duct size and installed correctly for the air duct system
The positive air flow and/or differential pressure at the sampling tubes is within the manufacturer’s specified limits
5.4.4 Air Duct Smoke Detectors
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The positive air flow and/or differential pressure at the sampling tubes is within the manufacturer’s specified limits
5.4.4 Air Duct Smoke Detectors
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Thank You!
Questions?