PHARMCOSOCIAL-1 Kuliah Dr.dr Eman S
Transcript of PHARMCOSOCIAL-1 Kuliah Dr.dr Eman S
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PHARMCOSOCIAL 1Eman Sutrisna
Departement of Pharmacology and Therapy Medical School Unsoed
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
Student able to explain :Drug information : various and resourcesBenefit and leak of every drug
informationThe standard requarement have to befulfilled by an advertisementHow to search the drug informationDrug management in developmentcountry
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VARIOUS OF DRUGS INFORMATION(Resources and Form)
Non-commercialCommercial
Non Commercial Drug InformationWRITING VERBAL OTHERS
HandbooksTextbook
Pharmacist Video cassette
Therapeuticguidelines Advancelearning Disc of DrugInfoDrugs infobulletin
Symposium Info servicecenter
Formulary Other medicalpractician
Medicalmagazine
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Commercial Drug Information
WRITING VERBAL OTHERS
HandbooksTextbook
Medicalrepresentatives
Video cassette
Advertisement Symposium Discs of DrugInfo
Special letter ofDrugs info
BENEFIT AND LEAK
DRUGS INFORMATION RESOURCES
NON COMMERSIAL
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TEXTBOOK-HANDBOOK
The main info to learn deeplyThere are :
Book of drug (to learn characteristic ofpharmacology, pharmacokinetic,pharmacodynamic, adverse effect)Book of therapeutic (begin to clinical problems)
Important : revise frequently (accordingto drug info development)Handbook : good if just has limited timeto read.
REFERENCE BOOKS
Some of them good for guidance.According to expert aggrement :
Therapeutic guidelineThe guidance of antibiotic useEct
Applied in local, national,international
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Bulletin of Drug and Therapeutic
Periodical (un-charge)Info about promotion of drug use andtherapeutic rationally.Objective info
Assessment for drug benefit and safetyRecommendation to apply in clinical practice
Ex : Australian prescriber (Australia)Drug and therapeutic bulletin (UK)Prescrire (Franc)Drug Information Newsletter (Singapore)Lembaran obat dan pengobatan (Indonesia)
MEDICAL MAGAZINES
There areGeneral Medical Magazine
LancetBMJ, AMJ
Special Medical MagazineTuberculeAmerican Journal Of Respiratory DiseasesJournal of Gastroenterology
Be careful : a lot of research resultapposite each other (For clinicalapplication need to re-research/independent research)
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VERBAL & MULTIMEDIA
Drug information center in hospitalE-drug info : internet, e-mail, discQuick, practice but more expensive
BENEFIT AND LEAK
DRUGS INFORMATION RESOURCES
COMMERSIAL
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Commercial Drug Information
Pharmaceutical IndustrySimply, clear and easy to be understood.Not objective : positive info >>Purpose to support drug sellingBy involving : symposium, article inhealth magazine that support by
pharmaceutical IndustryDifficult to control and re-check of thetruth
ADVERTISEMENT
Fast to reach medical service (Hospital, doctor)A lot of them were out of guideline (WHO,1988)
Name of active substance (international Non-proprietary Names=INN) and trade name
FormDosage and administrationIndicationAdverse effect (safety)Precaution and contra-indicationDrug interactionReferenciesName and adress of manufacture
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PRODUCT INFO
Together with drug coverFor user infoCan be believed and under-controlby Health Department RI.Simply, complete info, withoutcommersial messages.But often be forgotten (not be givento the patient
PRODUCT INFO
The component :INN (generic name of active substance)Pharmacologic info (effect, work mechanism,pharmacokinetic)Clinical info (indication, dosage regiment,contra-indication, precaution, adverse effect,drug interaction and over-dosage)Pharmaceutical info (form, strength, storage,expire date, drug classification, manufacturename, vehikulum
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THE OTHER RESOURCES
IIMSISOSymposiumSeminarResearch report
Medical journal
How to search the drug information
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SELECTION TO DRUG INFORESOURCES
Pharmacologic characteristicTextbook and handbook
Adverse effectAmerican Medical Association (AMA)Drug EvaluationDukes MNG (1998) Meyler’s Side Effectof Drugs, 11 th Edition, Elsevier, oxford
Drug ingridientIIMS, ISO dll
SELECTION TO THERAPEUTIC INFORESOURCES
Drug of choice and it’s alternative drugfor various diseases
Current medical Diagnosis & Treatment
Current pediatric Diagnosis & TreatmentDrug use in special groups (condition)
Local therapeutic guideAustralian drug evaluation committee (1989),medicines in pregnancyHand book : clinical pharmacokinetikEct.
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DRUG IN DEVELOPMENT COUNTRYRegulation and Use
Why is It important to be known ?
IMPORTANT ISSUES
Despite the availability of many effective drugs onthe world market.
Many development country still do not have regularaccess to the most needed essential medicines.
Medically ineffective and economically inefficientuse of pharmaceuticals by both healthcareproviders and consummers is commonlyencounter in many communitiesIncreasing problems of counterfeit andsubstandard drugs in many parts of thedevelopment world.Improvements in the supply, distribution, and useof pharmaceuticals are possible.
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DRUG SITUATION IN DEVELOPMENT COUNTRY(D’Arcy, 1984)
Inadequate funds to maintain constantsupplyPrices are too highNo foreign exchange for buying drugs orraw materialInefficient transport and distributionDrug deterioration in the central medicalstores or during transportLack of government commitment for thehealth and pharmaceuticals sectors
Action Needed for improving andMaintaining sustainable financing of Drug
Efficiency in pharmaceutical andhealth sectorSecuring public financingMobilization of other financialresources
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The Policy Can be Implemented inContaining pharmaceutical Price and Cost
A national policy for the use of genericsReduction or elimination of importduties for pharmaceuticalPrice competitionPrice information
Mesure to Monitor and Improve theOverall Supply
Product selectionDrug quantificationDrug procurementDrug storage and distribution
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The Principles of Rational Drug Use
Appropriate clinical indication and not the otherreasonAppropriate drugs with the most favourableefficacy, safety, affordability and qualityAppropriate patient characteristic with no contraindication and the smallest likehood of adversereactionAppropriate dosage, route of administration anddurationAppropriate informationAppropriate follow up for intended effect andunintended side effect.
The Pattern of Irrational Drug Use
The use of wrong drug for specificconditionThe use of drug
There are not indicationDoubtful efficacy and uncertain safety statusIncorrect dosage, inadequate route ofadministrationWith multiple therapy when mono-therapycould already be sufficientToo expencive
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REFERENCIES
Santoso B. Drugs Regulation :Organization and Control. In Boxtel C. J.V. Santoso B. And Edwards I. R. DrugBenefits and Risk : InternationalTextbook of Clincal Pharmacology. NewYork : John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 2001 :61-70Santoso B., Suryawati S., Saleh-Danu S.Masalah Penggunaan Obat di InstitusiPelayanan Kesehatan dalam FarmakologiKlinik dan Farmakoterapi. BagianFarmakologi Klinik FK UGM. 2003 : 1-9
THANKS .LET’S SMILE WITH SCIENCE