Pharmacology

CRT 11? = 8%

RRT 6?

A 30-year-old patient presents to the asthma clinic with a 2-week history of daily wheezing and nightly awakenings with shortness of breath. The patient is using Primatene Mist five times daily and fluticasone propionate (Flovent) 110 MDI occassionally at night. How should the therapist counsel the patient regarding disease management?

I. Discontinue Primatene Mist II. Use fluticasone propionate (Flovent) 110 MDI, 2 puffs twice

daily.III. Use salmeterol (Serevent) dry powder inhaler, 1 dose twice

daily.IV. Use fluticasone propionate/salmeterol (Advair) 100/50 dry

powder inhaler, one dose daily.

A. I, II, and III only B. I, II, and IV only C. I, III, and IV only D. II, III, and IV only

A 30-year-old patient presents to the asthma clinic with a 2-week history of daily wheezing and nightly awakenings with shortness of breath. The patient is using Primatene Mist five times daily and fluticasone propionate (Flovent) 110 MDI occassionally at night. How should the therapist counsel the patient regarding disease management?

I. Discontinue Primatene Mist II. Use fluticasone propionate (Flovent) 110 MDI, 2 puffs twice

daily.III. Use salmeterol (Serevent) dry powder inhaler, 1 dose twice

daily.IV. Use fluticasone propionate/salmeterol (Advair) 100/50 dry

powder inhaler, one dose daily.

A. I, II, and III only B. I, II, and IV only C. I, III, and IV only D. II, III, and IV only

Which of the following is associated with the administration of aerosolized pentamidine isethionate (NebuPent)?

A.tachycardia B.bradycardia C.bronchospasm D.hypotension

Which of the following is associated with the administration of aerosolized pentamidine isethionate (NebuPent)?

A.tachycardia B.bradycardia C.bronchospasm D.hypotension

An increase in a patient's heart rate during aerosolized bronchodilator therapy is primarily a result of which of the following drug effects?

A.alpha only B.beta 1 only C.beta 2 only D.beta 1 and beta 2 only

An increase in a patient's heart rate during aerosolized bronchodilator therapy is primarily a result of which of the following drug effects?

A.alpha only B.beta 1 only C.beta 2 only D.beta 1 and beta 2 only

Which of the following devices are most commonly used to deliver aerosols by the inhalation route?

I. Dry powder inhalerII. Metered dose inhalerIII. Small-volume nebulizerIV.Slip-stream nebulizer

A. I and IIIB. II and IVC. I, II, and IIID. I, II, III, and IV

Which of the following devices are most commonly used to deliver aerosols by the inhalation route?

I. Dry powder inhalerII. Metered dose inhalerIII. Small-volume nebulizerIV.Slip-stream nebulizer

A. I and IIIB. II and IVC. I, II, and IIID. I, II, III, and IV

Which of the following are the largest single group of drugs among aerosolized agents used for inhalation?A. Inhaled corticosteroidsB. Adrenergic bronchodilatorsC. Mucus-controlling agentsD. Anticholinergic bronchodilators

Which of the following is an indication for use of an adrenergic bronchodilator?

A.Treatment of excessive, viscous mucus secretions

B.Antiinflammatory treatment of mild to moderate persistent asthma

C.Treatment of reversible airflow obstructionD.Prophylactic management of asthma

Which of the following is an indication for use of an adrenergic bronchodilator?

A.Treatment of excessive, viscous mucus secretions

B.Antiinflammatory treatment of mild to moderate persistent asthma

C.Treatment of reversible airflow obstructionD.Prophylactic management of asthma

Proventil and Ventolin are brand names for which of the following beta-adrenergic bronchodilators?A. AlbuterolB. IsoetharineC. TerbutalineD. Metaproterenol

An MDI of Salmeterol delivers which of the following?A. 131 mg/puffB. 90 mg/puffC. 65 mg/puffD. 25 mg/puff

Which of the following short-acting catecholamines are used for their strong alpha1 vasoconstricting effects to reduce swelling in the nose and larynx and to control bleeding during bronchoscopic biopsy?A. IsoproterenolB. IsoetharineC. DobutamineD. Racemic epinephrine

Which of the following are side effects of newer, more beta2-selective bronchodilators?A. TremorB. InsomniaC. NervousnessD. All the above

What are some potential adverse effects with use of adrenergic bronchodilators?

I. HypokalemiaII. DizzinessIII. Worsening ventilation/perfusion ratio (V/Q)IV.Bradycardia

A. I and IV onlyB. II and III onlyC. I, II, and IIID. I, II, III, and IV

What are some potential adverse effects with use of adrenergic bronchodilators?

I. HypokalemiaII. DizzinessIII. Worsening ventilation/perfusion ratio (V/Q)IV.Bradycardia

A. I and IV onlyB. II and III onlyC. I, II, and IIID. I, II, III, and IV

Which of the following are assessment features for evaluating patient response to bronchodilator therapy?

I. Reversibility of airflow obstructionII. Changes in flow rates using a peak flow meter or

portable spirometryIII. Vital-sign changes (e.g., blood pressure, pulse rate)IV. Changes in ventilation and oxygenation by arterial

blood gas or pulse oximeterV. The patient's subjective reaction to treatment

A. II, III, and IVB. II, III, and VC. I, II, III, and VD. I, II, III, IV, and V

Which of the following are assessment features for evaluating patient response to bronchodilator therapy?

I. Reversibility of airflow obstructionII. Changes in flow rates using a peak flow meter or

portable spirometryIII. Vital-sign changes (e.g., blood pressure, pulse rate)IV. Changes in ventilation and oxygenation by arterial

blood gas or pulse oximeterV. The patient's subjective reaction to treatment

A. II, III, and IVB. II, III, and VC. I, II, III, and VD. I, II, III, IV, and V

What amount of Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) is delivered by MDI?A. 10 mg/puffB. 15 mg/puffC. 18 mg/puffD. 90 mg/puff

What is the dosage for Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent)?A. 2 puffs qidB. 2 puffs tidC. 2 puffs bidD. 2 puffs q12h

What are some common side effects seen with Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent)?A. TachycardiaB. Blood pressure increaseC. Cough and dry mouthD. Tolerance

Which of the following are indications for use of acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)?

I. Treatment of acetaminophen overdoseII. Treatment of excessive, viscous mucus

secretionsIII. Treatment of aspirin overdoseIV.Treatment of purulent mucus secretions by

breaking up DNA

A. I and II onlyB. II and IV onlyC. I, II, and IIID. I, II, III, and IV

Which of the following are indications for use of acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)?

I. Treatment of acetaminophen overdoseII. Treatment of excessive, viscous mucus

secretionsIII. Treatment of aspirin overdoseIV.Treatment of purulent mucus secretions by

breaking up DNA

A. I and II onlyB. II and IV onlyC. I, II, and IIID. I, II, III, and IV

Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) lowers the viscosity of mucus by means of which of the following?

A.Breaking down DNAB.Increasing the osmolarity of the mucus and

pulling water into itC.Changing the pH of the mucus, causing it to

break downD.Substituting its sulfhydryl group for disulfide

bonds and breaking a portion of the bond forming the gel structure

Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) lowers the viscosity of mucus by means of which of the following?

A.Breaking down DNAB.Increasing the osmolarity of the mucus and

pulling water into itC.Changing the pH of the mucus, causing it to

break downD.Substituting its sulfhydryl group for disulfide

bonds and breaking a portion of the bond forming the gel structure

Which of the following should be assessed when delivering acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)?

I. Presence of adverse effects that require treatment to be discontinued

II. Monitoring peak flow changesIII. Monitoring color, consistency, and amount of sputumIV. Monitoring for presence of hydrogen sulfide (a rotten

egg odor), which means that the acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) is no longer active

A. I and III onlyB. I, II, and IIIC. II, III, and IVD. I, II, III, and IV

Which of the following should be assessed when delivering acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)?

I. Presence of adverse effects that require treatment to be discontinued

II. Monitoring peak flow changesIII. Monitoring color, consistency, and amount of sputumIV. Monitoring for presence of hydrogen sulfide (a rotten

egg odor), which means that the acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) is no longer active

A. I and III onlyB. I, II, and IIIC. II, III, and IVD. I, II, III, and IV

Which of the following are true regarding glucocorticoids?

I. They work through activation of intracellular receptors.

II. Relief is immediate.III. Daily compliance is essential to controlling

inflammation in asthma.IV.Taken intranasally they can control allergic and

nonallergic rhinitis.A. I, II, and IIIB. I, III, and IVC. II, III, and IVD. I, II, III, and IV

Which of the following are true regarding glucocorticoids?

I. They work through activation of intracellular receptors.

II. Relief is immediate.III. Daily compliance is essential to controlling

inflammation in asthma.IV.Taken intranasally they can control allergic and

nonallergic rhinitis.A. I, II, and IIIB. I, III, and IVC. II, III, and IVD. I, II, III, and IV

How does cromolyn sodium work?A.Producing antiinflammatory enzymes within

cellsB.Inhibiting degranulation of mast cellsC.Preventing arachidonic acid formation from

activation of mast cell membrane phospholipase A2

D.Leukotriene inhibition

How does cromolyn sodium work?A.Producing antiinflammatory enzymes within

cellsB.Inhibiting degranulation of mast cellsC.Preventing arachidonic acid formation from

activation of mast cell membrane phospholipase A2

D.Leukotriene inhibition

Which of the following is true about the use of Ribavirin?

I. It is used as an antiviral agent against influenza.II. It is delivered by a SPAG unit.III. Adverse effects include skin rash, conjunctivitis,

and eyelid erythema.IV.It can occlude endotracheal-tube and ventilator

exhalation valves.

A. I, and II onlyB. III and IV onlyC. II, III, and IVD. I, II, III, and IV