Pharmacologic Management
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PHARMACOLOGIC MANAGEMENT DRUG CLASS EFFICACY SAFETY SUITABILITY TREATMENT FOR HYPERTENSION DIURETICS It increases the rate of urine flow, excretion of Na and other accompanying ions, usually Cl. Erectile dysfunction, gout, hyponatremia, hypercalcemia and arrhythmias Helps our patient to get rid of excess salt and fluid helps lower blood pressure and can make it easier for the heart to pump. Loop Increases excretion of water by interfering with chloride-binding cotransport system, which in turn inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption in the ascending loop of Henle and distal tubule. Hyperuricemia, hypokalemia, anaphylaxis, glycosuria. Thiazide Inhibits Na-K-Cl symporter in the distal renal tubules, resulting in increased excretion of Na, water and K. Scaling eczema, Steven-Johnsons syndrome, TEN, disorder of hematopoietic structure, hepatotoxicity First line treatment for hypertension. Beta- Blockers Beta blockers primarily block β1 and β2 receptors and thereby and thereby the effects of norepinephrine and epinephrine. By blocking the effects of norepinephrine and epinephrine, beta blockers reduce heart rate; reduce blood pressure by dilating blood vessels Beta blockers should not be withdrawn suddenly because sudden withdrawal may worsen angina (chest pain) and cause heart attacks or sudden death. It is suitable for the patient because it can reduce the patient’s heart rate. ACE Inhibitors Prevents conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, which is a potent vasoconstrictor, resulting in lower aldosterone secretion. Used with caution to patients with congestive heart failure. Do not use in patiens with hypersensitivity. Side/Adverse effects: Hyperkalemia, hypersensitivity reactions, hypotension, cough, chest pain, palpitations, proteinuria. Should be taken on an empty stomach. Take 1hr before or 2hr after meals. It is suitable for the patient because of its faster remodeling of the heart. Its effect is more on hemodynamic and not on the structural effect. Calcium- It relaxes coronary smooth Edema, pulmonary It is suitable for our
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Transcript of Pharmacologic Management
PHARMACOLOGIC MANAGEMENT
DRUG CLASSEFFICACYSAFETYSUITABILITY
TREATMENT FOR HYPERTENSION
DIURETICSIt increases the rate of urine flow, excretion of Na and other accompanying ions, usually Cl.Erectile dysfunction, gout, hyponatremia, hypercalcemia and arrhythmiasHelps our patient to get rid of excess salt and fluid helps lower blood pressure and can make it easier for the heart to pump.
LoopIncreases excretion of water by interfering with chloride-binding cotransport system, which in turn inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption in the ascending loop of Henle and distal tubule.Hyperuricemia, hypokalemia, anaphylaxis, glycosuria.
ThiazideInhibits Na-K-Cl symporter in the distal renal tubules, resulting in increased excretion of Na, water and K.Scaling eczema, Steven-Johnsons syndrome, TEN, disorder of hematopoietic structure, hepatotoxicityFirst line treatment for hypertension.
Beta-BlockersBeta blockers primarily block 1 and 2 receptors and thereby and thereby the effects of norepinephrine and epinephrine. By blocking the effects of norepinephrine and epinephrine, beta blockers reduce heart rate; reduceblood pressureby dilating blood vesselsBeta blockers should not be withdrawn suddenly because sudden withdrawal may worsen angina (chest pain) and causeheart attacksorsudden death.It is suitable for the patient because it can reduce the patients heart rate.
ACE InhibitorsPrevents conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, which is a potent vasoconstrictor, resulting in lower aldosterone secretion. Used with caution to patients with congestive heart failure. Do not use in patiens with hypersensitivity.Side/Adverse effects: Hyperkalemia, hypersensitivity reactions, hypotension, cough, chest pain, palpitations, proteinuria.
Should be taken on an empty stomach. Take 1hr before or 2hr after meals.It is suitable for the patient because of its faster remodeling of the heart. Its effect is more on hemodynamic and not on the structural effect.
Calcium-channel blockersIt relaxes coronary smooth muscle and produces coronary vasodilation which improves myocardial oxygen delivery.Edema, pulmonary edema, headache, fatigue, palpitations, dizziness, nausea, flushing, abdominal pain, somnolence.
It is suitable for our hypertensive patient because it can improve the myocardial oxygen delivery and coronary vasodilation.
TREATMENT FOR HIGH TOTAL CHOLESTEROL
StatinsCompetitively inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, the enzyme that catalyses the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate. This results in the induction of the LDL receptors and stimulation of LDL catabolism, leading to lowered LDL-cholesterol levels.Adverse Effects: Chest pain, face edema, fever, neck rigidity, malaise, photosensitivity reaction, generalized edema.Reduces LDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein B & triglycerides; increases HDL-cholesterol in the treatment of hyperlipidemias.
P-DRUGS
DRUG CLASSEFFICACYSAFETYSUITABILITYCOST
DIURETICHydrochlorothiazide (Diuzid)25 mg given 1tab once a dayInhibits Na-K-Cl symporter in the distal renal tubules, resulting in increased excretion of Na, water and K.Scaling eczema, Steven-Johnsons syndrome, TEN, disorder of hematopoietic structure, hepatotoxicityFirst line treatment for hypertension.Diuzid tab 25mg
P4.25/tab
BETA-BLOCKERAtenolol (Tenorvas) 25mg given1/2tab once dailyBeta blockers primarily block 1 and 2 receptors and thereby and thereby the effects of norepinephrine and epinephrine. By blocking the effects of norepinephrine and epinephrine, beta blockers reduce heart rate; reduceblood pressureby dilating blood vesselsBeta blockers should not be withdrawn suddenly because sudden withdrawal may worsen angina (chest pain) and causeheart attacksorsudden death.It is suitable for the patient because it can reduce the patients heart rate.Tenorvas tab 50mg
P8.75/tab
ACE INHIBITORCaptopril (Hartylox) 25 mg 1 tab twice a dayPrevents conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, which is a potent vasoconstrictor, resulting in lower aldosterone secretion. Used with caution to patients with congestive heart failure. Do not use in patiens with hypersensitivity.Side/Adverse effects: Hyperkalemia, hypersensitivity reactions, hypotension, cough, chest pain, palpitations, proteinuria.
Should be taken on an empty stomach. Take 1hr before or 2hr after meals.It is suitable for the patient because of its faster remodeling of the heart. Its effect is more on hemodynamic and not on the structural effect.Hartylox tab 25mg
100s P843/pack
CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERNifedipine (Cacibloc) 10mg 1cap twice a dayIt relaxes coronary smooth muscle and produces coronary vasodilation which improves myocardial oxygen delivery.Edema, pulmonary edema, headache, fatigue, palpitations, dizziness, nausea, flushing, abdominal pain, somnolence.
It is suitable for our hypertensive patient because it can improve the myocardial oxygen delivery and coronary vasodilation.Calcibloc cap 10mg
100sP2334.76/pack
STATINSAtorvastatin (Avamax)10mg once daily
Atorvastatin competitively inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, the enzyme that catalyses the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate. This results in the induction of the LDL receptors and stimulation of LDL catabolism, leading to lowered LDL-cholesterol levels.Adverse Effects: Chest pain, face edema, fever, neck rigidity, malaise, photosensitivity reaction, generalized edema.Reduces LDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein B & triglycerides; increases HDL-cholesterol in the treatment of hyperlipidemias.Atorvastatin 10mg/tab
P26.00/film-coated tab
