Petrel GeologyIdentifying and recovering hydrocarbons requires an accurate, high resolution geological model of the reservoir structure and stratigraphy. The geology capabilities found within Petrel, all seamlessly unified with the geophysical and reservoir engineering tools, enable an integrated study by providing an accurate static reservoir description that evolves with the reservoir.

Well Correlation Display and organize your logs in a flexible 2D visualization environment. Edit well tops interactively in 2D or 3D and estimate logs using the powerful well log calculator.

Synthetic Seismograms Bridge the gap between your time and depth domains.

Facies Modeling Estimate your facies distributions using a variety of pixel and object based stochastic and deterministic methods.

Petrophysical Modeling Distribute continuous petrophysical properties into your 3D model using an assortment of algorithms including 1, 2, 3D trends, facies models and seismic data.

Fault Analysis Calculate fluid flow properties and sealing potential for faults in a Petrel model. Use results directly in simulation without leaving Petrel.

Petrel Utility Systems

Classification and Estimation Neural network technology for estimating well logs, surfaces, seismic volumes and 3D property model

Data Analysis Understand your data before you start modeling and validate your model afterwards. Features include data transformations, trend and distribution analysis, interactive modeling of variograms, histogram and cross plot generation.

Surface Imaging Display images such as scanned maps, attribute maps, seismic time-slices or satellite images, draped over structural models.

Database and Application Connectivity

Ocean Create and execute plug-in modules directly in Petrel.

OpenSpirit Plug-In Seamlessly integrate your logs, markers, seismic volumes and interpretations in OpenWorks™, GeoFrame and Finder with Petrel.

™OpenWorks is a trademark of Landmark Graphics Corporation

Petrel Well Correlation

Construct a consistent geological model that honors the relationships between faults and horizons in 3D space.

Benefits Gain a better understanding of your well distribution by viewing well

trajectories and log data in 3D space Display dip and azimuth information as tadpole diagrams Access well data from industry standard databases Display well picks in time directly on seismic data Display synthetic seismograms

Data Import Import well trajectories, well headers, deviations and logs separately or

combined Use the OpenSpirit plug in to access and update well data in GeoFrame or

OpenWorks databases Edit existing logs or generate new ones from any number of curves using the

powerful well log calculator Interpret discrete properties interactively Sample data from a property model along well trajectories

Working with well picksPick horizon tops in the well panel and see the effects directly in 3D, or vice versa. You can also edit tops manually in a spreadsheet style editor.

Petrel Synthetic Seismograms

Bridge the gap between your time and depth domains.

Multi-trace synthetic generation lets you fine-tune your seismogram to match the seismic extracted in wells. The well correlation window helps you to assess the match. Any changes to the time-depth relationship can be made and seismic horizons can be correlated with the stratigraphic boundaries identified in your wells. When the time-depth relationship has been fine tuned, all depth indexed well tops will be automatically assigned the updated time value.

Benefits Minimize data load and transfer by using one application where synthetics are

integrated with seismic and well logs. Improve your quality control by viewing your synthetic seismogram in a

variety of windows including the 3D, interpretation or well correlation windows.

Quickly process synthetics using the intuitive Windows guiding and help systems built into Petrel.

The easy-to-use copy/paste functionality allows you to quickly present your interpretations to management in any Windows application like Word or PowerPoint.

Features Display synthetic seismograms with any other item in Petrel Display wells in time A "Process diagram dialog" guides you though the steps Wavelet extraction from seismic Well seismic

DisplayThe synthetic seismogram can be displayed in the well correlation window, 3D window and interpretation window.

Wells in timeWhen a time-depth relationship in wells has been established, wells can be displayed in the time domain in all 3D and intersection windows.

Process diagram dialogThe Synthetics process dialog leads you through the steps of generating synthetic seismograms from your well data, and simplifies the display of the data you need to use along the way.

Wavelet extraction from seismic:Use a collection of traces around the borehole, compute auto-correlation for time window of interest, taper effects etc.

The workflow process for wavelet extraction involves trying several combinations of extraction parameters, recording the results, and trying different boreholes in order to gain a better understanding of the nature of the seismic data. The Wavelet Extract option in Petrel gives you the capability of extracting statistical wavelets from the seismic data at a borehole.

A wavelet can be extracted from some portion of a 3D volume of seismic traces. The statistical extraction method used in Synthetics assumes that the autocorrelation of the wavelet is the same as the truncated autocorrelation of the seismic trace. The average autocorrelation from several seismic traces is used to provide a more representative estimate of the wavelet.

Well seismicThe seismic can be extracted along the well paths and displayed. The extraction is not limited to the synthetic seismogram generation, but can be done for any type of seismic volume; hence you can display your seismic attributes in with well logs in the well correlation window.

* To access the synthetic seismograms you need the core module, well correlation and seismic interpretation module.

Petrel Facies Modeling

Model your pixel or object based stochastic facies using deterministic techniques. Condition the facies to a seismic property or trend surfaces with the data analysis process, or use objects sampled directly from seismic with the volume extraction tool.

Benefits Use a facies 3D model to incorporate your lithological information when

modeling reservoir properties such as porosity Guide your algorithms with a range of trends

Indicator krigingPetrel Facies Modeling features indicator kriging, a deterministic, pixel based method for producing krieged facies models.

Sequential indicator simulationStochastic, pixel based method for facies models features lets you:

Individually set variograms and volume fractions for each facies Use object modeling to distribute facies objects Distribute channels in your model by using fluvial modeling

Interactive editingUse the intuitive drawing tools as pencil, brush and airbrush as a standard drawing package. Edit your facies models and use them as a background in object and fluvial modeling.

Other features Use the Data Analysis process to investigate and edit trends in the data,

condition the model to a seismic cube or build a variogram. Use the scientific calculator for calculations. Filter by index, zone, segment, value and upscaled cells Generate synthetic logs for well trajectories. Generate connected volumes. Visualize facies in the mapping module for printing scaled maps and

intersections in combination with any other filtered or unfiltered data. View facies in 3D using simbox mode.

Petrel Petrophysical Modeling

Assign petrophysical values to cells in a 3D gridBenefits

Create 3D models of petrophysical properties using well logs Use 3D facies models and/or 3D seismic attributes to control and condition the

model Allows combination of modeling techniques for each run

Deterministic modeling Simple and ordinary kriging Moving average, based on inverse distance weighting

Functional, based on function approximation Closest point

Stochastic modelingPetrel uses sequential gaussian simulation for distribution of petrophysical property data in the 3D grid.This includes:

User defined variogram and range Trends in vertical and horizontal directions. Simple kriging, ordinary kriging

and co-located co-kriging with secondary data, excellent for inversion data Conditional and unconditional simulation.

Run your our own algorithmRun your own algorithm, in combination with other available methods found in the user interface.

Petrel Fault Analysis

The Fault Analysis module lets you calculate fluid flow properties and sealing potential for faults in a Petrel model.

The module uses geologic parameters such as fault displacements and adjacent rock types to estimate fault zone thickness, permeability and sealing potential. From the fault zone permeability and thickness estimations, transmissibility multipliers are calculated for each cell that lies adjacent to a fault.The Fault Analysis module also enables you to assign basic properties to a fault such as a uniform transmissibility multiplier and threshold pressure. Fault properties can then be visualized in the viewers and used as keywords in the ECLIPSE simulators.Benefits

Calculate the sealing potential of faults with user defined equations. Generate detailed Allen diagrams for visual analysis. Use the calculated transmissibility multiplier directly in simulation without

leaving Petrel.

Petrel Classification and Estimation

Neural network technologyNeural Networks have emerged as proven technology to address data estimation and forward modeling problems. The Classification and Estimation module provides an alternative to the deterministic and stochastic 3D property estimation techniques currently found within Petrel and introduces new workflows for log estimation, property mapping and seismic classification.Benefits

Generalized neural network implementation for the estimation of well logs, surfaces, seismic volumes and 3D property models.

An alternative to geostatistics when there exists a non-linear relationship between a set of input data and a given output, or when there is no single or set of two variables that provides an adequate correlation.

How it works The Classification and Estimation module gives you access to tools for neural network analysis, enabling you to train and then create the estimation model object. Data types available for use as input to the estimation and classification process include:

Well logs. Surfaces with attributes, including seismic attribute maps. Properties, both discrete and continuous. Points with attributes (attributes can be sampled from maps or seismic

volumes, points could also be well tops or point well data). Once the nonlinear functions have been created, the estimation model can be

used for predictive modeling on a wide variety of data types via the appropriate Petrel process for that data type. The relevant Petrel processes are:

Make well logs — well logs Multi-trace Attribute generation — seismic attribute cubes Facies modeling — discrete property generation Petrophysical modeling — continuous property generation Make surface — surface attributes (including seismic attribute maps)

Petrel Data Analysis

The Data Analysis utility lets you analyze data interactively to gain a better understanding of the trends within your data. You also benefit from an understanding of the relationships across all your data types.Benefits

Gain better control of the modeling process through trend analysis and transformations

Perform interactive and intuitive variogram analysis Rapidly generate presentation-ready cross plots and histograms Calculate and save regression curves and cumulative distribution functions

Continuous properties Use simple transformations such as input and output truncations, scale shifts, logarithmic and box-cox operations. More complex data transformation functions allow you to edit the property distribution directly on the histogram.

Discrete Properties Perform facies thickness analysis, investigate and edit vertical facies distributions and correlate facies type to seismic attributes.

Variograms Simplify the whole data analysis process by using the intuitive, interactive variogram analysis tool.

Define the search criteria for the analysis and see the resultant search cone plotted together with the input data in the map window

Edit the variogram models either graphically, on the histograms or by typing numbers directly as input

Generate variogram maps from your input data to determine major and minor directions

Data Management Save all the detailed analysis for each property for use later in the modeling process or when you are updating your models at some later time.

Petrel Surface Imaging

With the Surface Imaging utility you can drape a surface with any image, including aerial or satellite images, scanned maps, seismic time-slices, or property maps. For example, in hill terrain, you can drape a satellite image over the model to check access to proposed drilling sites. You can also drape maps or property surfaces over models.

Build 3D models when only paper data is available. Paper maps can be scanned and then imported as images, from which digital maps can be created by digitizing over the contours.Benefits

Drape satellite images over the topographic surface to precisely locate surface features.

Import scanned maps or drawings, orientated correctly in 3D space and draped over a surface.

Drape property maps, isochore maps and maps of any seismic attribute over time or depth surfaces.

Workflow Import images in a range of formats and drape (project) over surfaces in the

Petrel model. Set corner coordinates Images can be gridded where the pixel intensity is used as elevation. This is an

excellent way to display images together with your Petrel models.

Petrel OpenSpirit Plug-In

Transparent access to project and corporate databases like GeoFrame, Finder and OpenWorks lets you create your ideal seismic-to-simulation workflow. Petrel now connects you to all your interpretation data, ensuring consistency. Put yourself in command of your reservoir model -- today and tomorrow.

Benefits Get connected to distributed project and corporate databases such as

GeoFrame, Finder and OpenWorks Keep your database up-to-date with edits made in Petrel OpenSpirit solves your conversion issues with coordinate systems, units,

formats and versions Reduce risk of errors with seamless data access

OpenSpiritOpenSpirit™ is a third party plug and play framework giving applications direct, platform independent access to corporate and project databases. The OpenSpirit module in Petrel provides a seamless connection to your existing UNIX database and other OpenSpirit enabled applications. Access data across projects and even across databases in a single action, without the need to learn multiple user interfaces for specific databases.

Supported data typesThe OpenSpirit link in Petrel supports read easy write access to the following data types:

3D seismic surveys (live link - read only) Interpretations of horizons and faults Well trajectories Well tops Well logs

The Petrel 'live link' to seismic data means that the 3D cube can be accessed on demand, without the need to save it locally. For more intensive operations on the cube, the standard 'load into memory' and 'realize' options can be used to provide rapid access to all data or a subsection of data.

™OpenSpirit is a trademark of OpenSpirit Corporation

GeoFrame Geology

Smart applications for seamless collaboration

GeoFrame Geology Office -- geological workflow tools leverages the power of the GeoFrame® integrated reservoir characterization system to provide seamless interpretation. Comprised of a full suite of integrated geological software, Geology Office enables you to be more productive and more accurate than ever before. Now you have the power to work the way you think.

Geology Office supplies applications with built-in intelligence for your everyday workflow and advanced tools for more detailed analysis. Whether you are a geologist or a geophysicist, this innovative geological software gives you everything you need in one location, making your interpretation workflow easier, quicker and more efficient.

Geology Office geological workflow suite

Basemap Plus Comprehensive shared base map with gridding and contouring

CPS-3 Algorithms for surface modeling, volumetric analysis, and mapping of data within the GeoFrame environment

Cross Section Geologic cross-sectional interpretation

GeoViz Explore Visualization software

ResSum Reservoir properties and thickness calculations

Litho ToolKit Multiwell, multicurve lithofacies and log curve estimation tools

WellComposite Plus Single-well composite displays with crossplot interaction

WellEdit Log curve and core data editing, depth matching, and math operations

WellPix Well log correlation and marker picking software

GeoPlot Crossplotting software

LPM Log property and seismic attributes distribution and mapping

Litho ToolKit

Litho ToolKit lithofacies analysis techniques are a complete collection of tools to enable you to perform quick and detailed lithology estimation. Whether it is a simple analysis or a statistical method of estimation that is required, a full suite of methods are available to complete the computation in a multi well, multi curve environment.

Litho ToolKit consists of five estimation techniques: LithoQuickLook - multi well, multi curve cutoff technique Clustering - using multi-variant clusters Neural Networks - facies estimation using neural networks MD Histograms - estimation using multidimensional histograms Estimation - log estimation using neural networks

Benefits A choice of techniques in one place enables you to make the best lithofacies

estimation for all types of data. Tight integration lets you display your results throughout GeoFrame, so your

results support further interpretation quickly. Since all modules of Litho ToolKit have the same look and feel, you can move

through estimation techniques with ease and minimal set up. Estimations can be trained and applied across whole fields quickly and

efficiently with multi well multi curve modules. Detailed facies analysis enables small scale definition of the well and clarifies

the field geologically for more accurate reserve recovery. Litho ToolKit provides a greater geological understanding of the reservoir,

and can highlight reservoir extent and lithology, increasing the probability of success.

Features Multi well facies classification and estimation using a combination of

dipmeter derived logs and standard open hole logs Choice of Neural network, Multidimensional Histogram, clustering or cutoff

techniques to estimate lithofacies Powerful and efficient for multi well analysis Define key facies on log composites or cross plot displays Use key wells and build a multi well facies database

WellEdit

Log Curve, Borehole Image and Core Data Editing, Depth Matching and Mathematical Operations

WellEdit is a tool for efficient log and core data editing. It includes log and core data depth matching, splicing and merging, filtering, resampling, baseline shifting, and data functioning.

With a complete repertoire of interactive and type-in options, you can manipulate your data easily and effectively with WellEdit® software.

Features Edits made to one curve can easily be applied to other curves all at once Precise depth matching (stretch and squeeze) can be performed automatically

with a choice of algorithms Advanced resampling options, particularly for core data Flexible core data/image shifting, flipping, mirroring, rotating, spitting,

merging Complete history/audit trail for every curve to ensure data integrity for the

future Undo of editing steps, all at once or one at a time View of data function results before saving Simple batch and script options for repetitive tasks Ability to log statistics over a user defined interval, zones or between markers Lateral averaging Multidimensional array handling for activities such as pad and flap matching

of FMI Fullbore Formation MicroImager data

WellEdit allows editing of multiple boreholes at once using various editing modes including:

draw/erase patch shift, baseline shift despike/filter splice spreadsheet edit average resample automatic and interactive depth match mathematical formula operation core data and core photo edit

Time-saving features include script and batch for repetitive tasks, a powerful undo capability, and the ability to propagate changes instantly to other curves or groups of curves. Existing curves are never overwritten and every edit operation is recorded and saved with each new curve.

Automatic depth matching is now an integral part of WellEdit. Set a few parameters

and let the computer estimate all the depth shifts. You can quality check and easily edit shifts interactively if needed.

WellPix

Log curve correlation and marker pickingMake paper part of the past with WellPix.WellPix advanced well correlation capabilities increase accuracy and reduce time spent picking tops. Now you can correlate well logs and creating lithozones with ease.Benefits

Interactive fault, fluid and stratigraphic marker and zone picking in a single or multi well mode, with automated techniques to quicken the workflow

The canvas is not constrained by datum. Vertical scrolling in MD, TVD, TVDSS or TST and horizontal swapping of wells gives you flexibility

Integration with Geology Office applications and data managers allows you to edit, create and analyse your data efficiently.

Quick section display miniaturizes the log display to allow a large number of wells to be visualized at one time. This allows for rapid autopicking and visualizing and interpreting regional trends.

Features Identify and interpret fault, fluid and stratigraphic markers Drag and drop functionality while displaying an unlimited number of wells Save sessions drastically reduce setup time Use templates created elsewhere in GeoFrame (WellComposite, WellEdit) Flexible ghost curves, with stretch, squeeze, inverted, mirrored and marker

interpretation, all in a multiple well display Fault gap ability for normal faults, attach a fault throw to fault markers and

gap a section Undo function for the last operation or to a pre-saved snapshot Can use depth grids to create markers Multiple zone versions can be displayed with Zone correlations and Inter-well

lithology Integration with Basemap, Cross Section, ResSum and Geology office and

marker/surface data managers Flatten on surfaces

Dip & Image Processing

Use Advanced Automatic Processing for Accurate Analysis

In GeoFrame Borehole Geology the entire processing chain is virtually automatic, but you still have the flexibility to override or optimize parameters. It also provides automatic and manual-repair options to correct acquisition errors. You can take advantage of processing chains for HDT/OBDT*, FMS/FMI/SHDT*, UBI/ATS*, ARI*, HALS*, RAB*, ADN* and Western Atlas: Diplog/HDIP, STAR, CBIL data. Chains for Halliburton's FED/SED, EMI and CAST also are available.

Equalization, dead-button correction and accurate speed correction are crucial steps to correctly interpret image or dip data. Precise resistivity scaling also is important for fracture analysis. All these capabilities are in GeoFrame Borehole Geology.

Extract the Maximum Detail

BorDip* automatic dip computation software affords high-quality dip processing for all makes of tools. It offers you a choice of algorithms designed to extract either structural or stratigraphic information. Dip removal is available to help pick out important trends or sedimentary features.

You can easily perform interactive resistivity calibration; then input the results for fracture coverage and aperture calculations. User-controlled image normalization capabilities let you enhance the level of detail within the images.

Cross Section

Geologic Cross Section Interpretation

More integrated and user friendly than ever before, cross sections are now built from within Basemap Plus, the main G&G mapping canvas available in Geology Office. The cross section can be launched from the Geology Office launch bar or opened in context on the basemap with a single click.

Superior integration and usability make this a key application for the geologist's desktop.Benefits * Curtain cross sections enable you to work in your chosen plane of section minimizing geometric distortions common to other software

Live 2D/3D seismic interpretation in the cross section maximizes geological and geophysical interpretation, enabling you to define reservoir trap locations much easier

Calibrate seismic data with higher resolution well data for much better reserve estimates

Features Connects live into any 3D time or depth seismic cube allowing live seismic display from any class available (density or wiggle trace display).

Ability to choose the geophysicist's recent interpretation model and display the most up-to-date seismic horizons and faults on the cross section

An unlimited number of boreholes and hinges can be used to build a cross section

Rapid time to depth conversion Correlations can be extracted from grids and placed on the cross section Wells can be posted at different hinge locations (MD, TD, marker and

wellhead) Display can include a mix composites and well paths Composites can incorporate an unlimited number of logs, markers, zones,

cores, production, DST, and image data. Well paths display logs, markers and dip tadpoles. Navigation window brings up a smaller image of the full cross section

allowing you to see where you are while zoomed into a particular area.

Scrolling of the navigation window or cross section canvas allows instant updates.

Cross section flattening Ability to tie any markers automatically Easy creation of correlations and correlation fill Easy correlation pick management Use of ghost curves Display whole or parts of Raster logs, color and overlay with digital data for

interpretation