Petrel Introduction Course 2008

LocationSchlumberger RaFire safety planCross the main roadRestroomsMenWomenAslakveien 14ELunch 12 pmLocked departmentVisitor badge visibleFire: call 110

Petrel Introduction Course Course WorkflowDay 1 Introduction User manual Petrel Interface Data Import Seismic Continue Seismic Edit Input Data Well Correlation Fault Modeling Pillar Gridding Make Horizons Depth Conversion Make Zones Layering Geometrical modeling Upscale Well logs Facies Modeling Petrophysical Modeling Plotting Make Contacts Volume Calculation Workflow Editor Optional: Well Design Discussion and questionsDay 2Day 3Day 4Day 5

Petrel History and Vision 1996 Software and consultancy founded December 1998 First commercial release December 2002 Part of Schlumberger Information Solutions Goal is to get Petrel on every Geoscientists desktop Complete workflow tool covering Seismic to Simulation User friendly interface, easy to learn and makes life easier

Data SetCommercially released data by Statoil (a Norwegian oil company)Gullfaks field A major oilfield in the North Sea; exploration started in 1974, and it is now producing through 3 platformsField description:Rotated fault blocks caused a structural trapReservoir is mainly Lower to Middle Jurassic sandstones1.9 billion barrels of recoverable oil23 billion m3 of gas2.4 million tons of condensateData description:15 wells, 9 logs, Well tops, Velocity data, 3D seismic

Courses and ManualsTraining Manuals Contains slides and exercises Basic use of Petrel Leads first time users through their first projectGetting Started Manual Structured and detailed information on Petrels functionalityHelp Manual Short description of new functionalityRelease Notes Comes with every new release

Petrel Workflow Tools Introduction

Volume Calculation

Objectives Petrel InterfaceStart Petrel with a new or existing projectNavigate and learn the user interfaceUnderstand important project parametersUnderstand Petrel windowsDisplay data or surfaces in 2D or 3D windowsUnderstand how to access and use the online Help

User Interface Menu barTool barFunction barObject informationStatus barPetrel Explorer panesDisplay Window

Opening and Saving Petrel Projects1. Open Project:Opens an already saved Petrel project (.pet).11

Petrel Explorer panes

Petrel Explorer panes

Processes pane All Available Modules

Processes pane and Function Bar

Cases and ResultsCases and Results panesThe design of Cases and Results pane is to allow the same setup for running ECLIPSE and Streamline simulation runs, as for running simple Volumetrics.

Workflows and Windows panesWorkflows paneStores workflows created by the Workflow Editor for automated processes and operations or Uncertainty workflows generated from the Uncertainty Workflow Editor.Windows paneLists each window and its settings. Can be saved or deleted.Contains a set of variables that can be used in workflows.A new window is inserted from the Window menu

Note: When importing data from OpenSpirit, the match of the Project settings in Petrel and those in the other data repository is done automatically.Note: There is NO unit conversion inside Petrel; it has to be done on import.Project Settings and UnitsPetrel is not geodetically and units aware. Geodetic metadata are entered when making the project

System settings

1. Every object has a settings window 1Settings window may remain open at all times during a session. Object Settings dialog

Most objects will also have a Style tab. Possible to Adjust display parameters. Color fill Toggle on/off grid linesContour linesObject Settings Style tab

Object Settings Info Tab

Object Settings Statistics Tab The statistics for each item can be checked under the Statistics tab.List 2Describes different data and values related to the object.List 1Describes the X, Y, Z coordinates; Z being depth or time. If an attribute is available it will also be shown.One or both lists can be copied to an output sheet. Toggle on one of the lists (e.g. List 1) and click the output icon. The contents of the list will be written to an output window.

2AObject Settings Colors Tab (Templates) 1. The Colors tab displays the colors based on the template selected as the object was imported or generated. 2. The Colors template is linked to the same template in the Templates pane (A); any edits made here will affect the global template unless the padlock (Info tab) for a specific object is on! (B).Colors are related to the templates from Templates pane. These can be logs, depth, properties (continuous or discrete) etc.12BNote: template is locked to local object when the padlock is locked.

Visualization Windows

Visualization 3D Display WindowSelect/Pick mode Allows for selecting objects and getting information about them (in Status bar)

Visualization 2D Display Window

Visualization Click BoxesGray, square boxes activated when selecting objects for displaying in windows (active or inactive depending on type of windows). Several objects in a folder can be displayed simultaneously. Gray, Radio buttons only ONE object at a time can be displayed.Yellow, square boxes Filters (not objects), used to filter out different parts of a 3D grid (e.g. zones or segments).Note Selecting yellow boxes in the Global well logs folder, will have no effect unless a well with the same log is selected.

Tips buttonsMany processes in Petrel contain small tip buttons (blue buttons with Question marks (?))Each Tip button is related to one topic/algorithm/setting and is described in more detail, sometimes with explanatory pictures. Use the tip buttons for quick information. Position the mouse cursor on top of the tip button to visualize the information box. Further information can be found in the Online Manual (next slide)

Online Help-ManualAccess the Online Help Manual; Help menu Manual (HTML help). The manual is included with your installation, network connection is unnecessaryContents tab: look for background reading orSearch: look up specific things: Type in, press List Topics, select a topic and press Display

EXERCISE

InterfacePanesSettingsWindowsVisualizationOnline Help Manual

**To the Instructor:Make your own Location-slide for the given location of the course*To the Instructor:It is recommended to do a summary at the beginning of day 2, 3, 4 and 5, to sum up the previous days workflow. This is meant to keep the participants aware of where within the Petrel workflow they are, and to specify what they have been doing the previous day.******Petrel User InterfaceThe Petrel User Interface consists of two main windows, the display window and the Petrel Explorer panes:Display window: Where objects are displayed. The objects can be of different types. Any number of windows can be open at the same time.Petrel Explorer panes. Contains all of the data. Both imported data under the Input pane, as well as created models under the Models pane. The templates pane contains predefined templates, while the Results pane is a filter for Simulation and Volumetric results.Processes pane contains a list of the available processes in Petrel in the order they are to be performed. Workflows pane contains workflows inserted from the insert menu and modified using the Workflow Editor. Cases pane stores all simulation and volumetric cases and Windows storage pane stores all used windows (3D window, interpretation window etc.).Tool bar: General tools related to import and visualization.Menu bar: Familiar Windows menus, such as File>Open, Edit>Copy, File>Save, Help>Manual.Function bar: Tools related to the active process in the Processes pane.Object Information. When clicking on an object in the Display window, information about it will appear in the lower right corner.Status bar: Shows the status of the last performed action.*All model data is saved to a project file with the extension .pet. This file contains links to all related objects in a saved project. An associated project directory, .ptd contains all the data object files. Both the .pet file and the .ptd folder are required to be able to open and use a Petrel project.

Automatic SavePetrel by default prompts you at the selected time interval (default = 15 minutes) to save the current project. If you do not wish to be prompted, go to the File menu, select Automatic Save and choose Save Project Automatically and Save Silently. Warning: Automatic Save should be used with caution, as it will overwrite the current saved project. With this option, you cannot revert back to your original version if you make any errors. Also, when working on large projects, saving the project at Automatic intervals may take a long time.

*Petrel Explorer panesThere are eight panes available in Petrel, which can be put in two separate explorer windows (default), but all panes have free placement and grouping. They can be enabled or disabled from the View option in the Menu bar.The two main working panes are:Input paneThis is where all the input files are placed, as well as, edits on input data or copies of input data. Data created within Petrel and not related to the 3D grid (such as polygons, surfaces and seismic interpretations) will also be stored under this pane.Models paneAll data related to the 3D grid (horizons, faults, properties, etc.) is found here.Bold Item: A useful characteristic of Petrel is that the active item being displayed will be in bold fonts. In this way Petrel is notified which object to use in a process. For instance, if the user wants to use the Top Tarbert line data as input for making a surface, the user selects it by clicking on it (it will become bold) and Petrel recognizes that this is the file to use and the user know which item is being used.+/- Sign: Data are stored in folders within the Petrel Explorer panes. The folders are expanded by clicking on the plus sign and collapsed by clicking on the minus sign in front of it.*Templates paneThis pane contains all predefined templates in Petrel. Petrel works with templates that are linked to all objects, not only logs. The templates are catalogued in folders depending on type. Templates are either viewed as continuous or discrete colors.A template can be edited either in the Templates pane or directly from the object where it is being used. However, in the latter case, the template will then be changed throughout. To avoid this, there are two options:Copy a template in Templates pane and rename it (Ctrl C+ V), or insert a new templateLock the Template; use a stand alone template by clicking on the pad lock icon in the Info tab (under Settings of an object). When the pad lock is locked any changes will be reflected only on that object.

*Processes paneThe Processes pane is, as default, located in lower Petrel Explorer window and gives a listing of all available processes in Petrel. The processes are listed in the order in which they should be performed (with the exception of some processes, such as Make/Edit Polygons which will be available as soon as the data has been imported).The processes are listed in folders in a way that fits most workflows. However, you may need to look in a different folder to gain access to some processes which are required for your workflow. For example, setting I and J faults is done within Pillar Gridding while creating Local Grid Refinements is a separate process under Structural Modeling but they are normally only used once in the Simulation folder, when doing the Upscaling process.*Processes pane and Function BarThe Processes pane contains a listing of all available processes in Petrel. If a process is available, the process name will be colored black. If a process is not available it will be grayed out and you will be unable to select it. There are various reasons why a process may not be available. The most common reason being that a previously required process has not been completed. For example, if Horizons have not been defined, you will not have access within Property Modeling. Another reason could be licensing. A red prohibition sign indicates that your license configuration does not contain that process. Function BarThe function bar is located on the right hand side of the screen and contains the icons/tools available for the current active process within the Processes pane. Available tools are active and in color, this will help you to know which tools to use for each process.*Results paneThe numerical results of volume calculations and simulations are stored in this pane so that they can be browsed and any reports can be made.The pane contains a tree showing dynamic data and history match statistics that you can plot. These become available when you open a function window.Cases paneRunning a volume calculation will create a Case, which will have an icon in the Cases pane and a volume calculation sub icon. This will then become the filter for showing the results of the run in the plot window.*Workflow Editor and Uncertainty Workflows: The Workflows pane stores workflows created by the Workflow Editor for automated processes and operations. Workflows are initiated from the Insert option in the Menu bar. Uncertainty workflows are also stored here.Windows paneThe Windows pane contains windows that are opened from the Windows option in the Menu bar. You will find all windows related to a project within this pane. When you exit a window, you will find it stored here as well. Use the Windows pane as an organizational tool. You can delete unimportant windows and rename key windows for quick access, for example, when interpreting seismic data, rename the 2D Window Seismic Basemap to distinguish it. A checked box in front of a window indicates an open window. Excessive open windows may slow down performance and it is recommended you keep open windows to a minimum. As with all programs using the Windows interface, the active window can be manipulated using the icons in the upper right corner. Open windows can be arranged by selecting the desired layout within the Window drop down menu (tiled vertically, tile horizontally or cascading).In each window, icons are stored which are used for visualizing legend, axis, setting background color, etc. Most of these tools are also found in the Tool bar. *Project Settings and UnitsAs soon as a new Petrel project is opened, project information and units should be recorded. Remember this information is not stored with the data and the Settings window is your only source of projection and unit information.Note: the default setting for units is Metric.

**Object settings

To access the settings dialog for objects in Petrel, RMB the object and choose Settings, or double-click the object.

The Settings dialog provides information about the object and possibility to alter the objects characteristics and parameters. The tabs vary by object type.

Apply save settings.OK save settings and closes the settings dialog.Cancel discard setting changes and closes window.

*Object settings - Style TabThe Settings window can contain different tabs and information. Depending on the type of object, additional tabs will be added for more functionality. The settings will ALWAYS include an Info tab and a Statistics tab. The Style tab is only active once a Display window related to the Style options is active (e.g. 2D vs. 3D display windows).*Object settings - Info TabThe Comments and History sub tabs are found on the Info tab of all the settings dialogs in Petrel and provide a means for users to keep track of edits made to an object and decisions made during the project.CommentsThe Comments tab is a white, editable area so the user can add any information to the comments tab, such as the source of the data that was imported and its reliability. Beneath the comments window is the name of Petrels data file for the object and the name of the file that was imported (if applicable).HistoryThe history of the object is stored within this tab, including information about edits and operations performed on the object. By right clicking in this field the user can add their own date stamped comments or clear the history completely. Not all objects will have a History tab.*Object settings - Statistics Tab (used for Quality Check)It is important to quality check (QC) the statistics for accuracy to verify that the items hold the correct values. Explanation of Z values in Petrel:By default, Z values are negative based on a reservoir being below sea level. If your data is above sea level, select the appropriate options when importing your data. If working with Isochores, Z values will be positive. Petrel works in negative Z values for structural data regardless of data type (e.g. time or depth). This is opposite from GeoFrame which works in positive Z values. It is possible to generate a report from the statistics table: Just click on the Copy to output sheet button. A report will be generated and it can be saved to file or copied and pasted into Excel.*Color TemplatesSometimes the color range is tied to a Z-range incompatible with the object. To adjust the color range to match the Z-range, right click on the template name and select Settings. Under the Colors tab, click on the blue arrows. The values displayed will change to reflect the Z-range of the selected object. Note that if the template pad lock is not on, this edit will affect all other objects displayed using the template.*Visualization WindowsThe most efficient way to QC the imported data, and any other object, is to visualize the objects. A range of different types of windows are available:3D window for visualization of data in 3D.2D window for visualization of data in 2D.This is useful when working with polygons, and when you want to be certain that you are seeing things from above. In seismic interpretation, a 2D window allows you to select and manipulate seismic lines.Map window Used for plotting horizons and layers in the 3D property. Can also be used if you want to visualize an object in 2D with the scale. Used to make all kinds of maps.Intersection window plotting window for intersections. An intersection is a plane through a three dimensional object, equivalent to a cross-section. 3D data (e.g. 3D grid, or seismic) and 2D data (e.g. gridded surfaces) can be displayed. Types of intersections include seismic, 3D grid (model) and well intersection fence (arbitrary line between selected wells).Interpretation window 2D window used for seismic interpretation.Histogram window used for plotting histograms.Function window used for plotting cross plots, variograms, functions, etc. Stereonet Window used for displaying dip and azimuth data.Well Section window used for well correlation and for interpreting the logs.Plot window 2D window that can be used to display intersections, diagrams, functions, plots, maps, 2D interpretation etc. Multiple viewports can be inserted (e.g map, intersection and histograms together). A viewport is a limited rectangular area where data objects are displayed.*Visualization Important IconsThere are many icons in Petrel used for different processes and functionalities; however, there are some basic icons that are very important:View Mode: When selected, the View Mode is used to control your view of the object in the window. In this mode, you can move, zoom and pan the object. You can switch between the View Mode and the other active modes by pressing the Esc key. Select/Pick Mode: This mode is used to select an item. When this mode is active and an object selected, information pertaining to that object will be displayed in the lower right corner of Petrel. The icons are the same in both 3D and 2D windows; however, the orthogonal view is unavailable in 2D.Remember, the Function bar icons are located on the right side of the Petrel Window and the Tool bar icons are at the top, just under the Menu bar.**Gray box (specific switch):Affects only that objectTurns object on or offYellow box (filter)Affects all objects of that type (e.g. porosity logs)Does not turn a specific item on or offAffects what is displayed by the white boxes

*Hint: To activate the tip windows, place the cursor on the icon and the window will open.

*For more information on how to use Help and the various kinds of help, open the Help manual (Help > Manual (HTML Help)...). Go to the Contents tab and expand Background and the Key Information. Double-click on Help System Information.*