PESTLE Analysis for telecommunication industry in each geographical region

Europe:

1 .Political:- absent

2. Economic: - Recessionary trends in the economy.

3. Sociocultural: - absent

4. Technological: - Frequent upgradations in technology in respect of networks, handsets and services

5. Legal: - absent

6. Environmental: - need to be more environment sensitive

Africa:

1. Political: - absent2. Economic:- Very fertile, increase in consumption of handsets3. Socio cultural: - absent4. Technological: - Upgradations in data transmissions5. Legal: - absent6. Environmental: - absent

Asia:

1. Political: -absent2. Economic: - demand said to increase3. Socio cultural: - increasing population 4. Technological: - technological wars expected5. Legal: - Strict regulation by authorities6. Environmental: -absent

PESTLE ANALYSIS FOR AFRICA

Political: Disorderly regulatory regimes left behind

by corrupt previous governments. Many countries freshly out from the civil

war and apartheid. Government intervention in the industry Africa's telecommunications markets

have proved remarkably resilient.(eg Somalia)

Economic: Penetration rate in mobile market is well

above African averages. Offshore oil and gas production has now

replaced cocoa as the country’s main income earner.

Monthly mobile ARPU has broken the US$10 barrier in most markets, but some operators are achieving up to 60% higher ARPU than their direct competitors.

Investment in the sector has increase since 65 million new subscribers were added in 2007

Socio-cultural: Women in sub-Saharan African countries

contribute over 40% of the economic activity of most nations.

The literacy of women is low relative to men and lower still relative to literacy figures in most world nations even many other developing nations.

The Grameen Telecom model of the Village Pay Phone has facilitates mobile phone entrepreneurs in rural villages through microcredit. This project has demonstrated how growth in telecommunications access has improved quality of life

Increase in the use of handsets especially farmers.

Technological arrival of new submarine fibre optic cables

in 2008 and 2009Extensive national fibre optic backbone networks are being rolled out.

3G mobile services have been launched in Nigeria and are being prepared in a number of other countries in the region.

Expansion of GSM networks even in instable Somalia and Sierra Leone.

Upgradations in data transmissions due to rapid growth of ADSL and wireless broadband services.

Legal: Continuing liberalization of VoIP (voice

over internet protocol. Privatization of national telcos in the

region is continuing with significant premiums over reserve prices being paid.

Unified licensing introduced already in 2006

Environmental: Stress on saving energy due to high

energy consumption in the industry. New technologies for energy saving

network towers and grids