PERU GENDER EN
Transcript of PERU GENDER EN
Gend
er a
ppro
ach
appl
ied to
Inte
grat
ed S
olid
Wast
e Man
agem
ent i
n Pe
ruLe
sson
s lea
rned
and t
ools
for a
susta
inable
and i
nclus
ive de
velop
ment
GENDER APPROACH APPLIED TO INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN PERULessons learned and tools for a sustainable and inclusive development
DONORS
GENDER APPROACH APPLIED TO INTEGRATED SOLID W
ASTE M
ANAGEMENT IN PERU
Lessons learned and tools for a sustainable and inclusive development
Dis
eñ
o
Ab
ou
t t
his
do
cu
me
nt
:
Th
e UN
DP
and
UN
Enviro
nm
ent P
overty-Enviro
nm
ent In
itiative (PE
I) aims to
suppo
rt cou
ntries in
the
imp
lemen
tation
of p
olicies, in
strum
ents, p
lans an
d b
ud
gets that co
mb
ine resp
on
sible enviro
nm
ental
man
agemen
t and
po
verty redu
ction
to co
ntrib
ute to
sustain
able d
evelop
men
t. Th
e pro
gram also
co
ntrib
utes to
improvin
g capacities, at the n
ation
al and
local level, to
foster n
ation
al policies, plan
s and
budgets that are favorable to the poor, inclusive and gender sensitive and sustainable for natural resources. T
his document w
as prepared by the PE
I team in Latin A
merica and the C
aribbean to provide strategic and
discu
ssion
elemen
ts from
amo
ng th
e principal d
evelopm
ent stakeh
old
ers in th
e region
.
Copyright ©
20
18
, United
Nations D
evelopment
Programm
e (UN
DP) and the
United N
ations Environment
Programm
e (UN
Environment).
Dis
cla
ime
r
Th
e op
inio
ns exp
ressed in
this
publication are the authors' and do
not necessarily represent the views
of UN
DP
or UN
Environm
ent. A
ny men
tion
of a co
mp
any or
com
mercial pro
du
ct in th
is pub
li-cation d
oes not imply its end
orse-m
ent by eith
er organ
ization
.
Re
pr
od
uc
tio
n
Th
is
pu
blic
atio
n
ma
y
be
repro
du
ced in
wh
ole o
r in p
art, an
d in
any fo
rm, fo
r edu
cation
al o
r no
n-p
rofit p
urp
oses w
itho
ut
spe
cial p
erm
ission
from
the
cop
yright h
old
er, p
rovid
ed
the
sou
rce is cited.
Ma
in a
ut
ho
r
Laura G
on
zalez Martin
ez C
on
tr
ibu
to
rs
We w
ould like to thank the people w
ho were interview
ed for their time
and dedication and for providing va-lu
able co
ntrib
utio
ns an
d su
gges-tions for this docum
ent:
Alberto H
uiman C
ruz (Peru W
aste In
novatio
n)
Celia Sahuanay C
alsin (Municipality
of Arequipa, P
EI local team
)
Lisse
th D
íaz Varg
as (Min
istry o
f En
viron
me
nt, P
EI n
ation
al co
ord
inato
r 20
17
);
Lu
cia Balle
stero
s Barb
as (PE
I n
ation
al team) )
Piedad M
artin (PE
I Latin Am
erica and C
aribbean Region team
)
Pilar R
om
án (P
EI Latin
Am
erica an
d C
aribb
ean R
egion
team)
Ph
ot
og
ra
ph
y
Sally Jabiel
GENDER APPROACH APPLIED TO INTEGRATED SOLID W
ASTE M
ANAGEMENT IN PERU
Lessons learned and tools for a sustainable and inclusive development
3. LIMITATIONS AND OBSTACLES THAT W
OMEN FACE IN THE RECYCLING SECTOR
4. ANALYSIS OF THE LESSONS LEARNED
7. BIBLIOGRAPHY
5. OPPORTUNITIES TO REPLICATE THE EXPERIENCE
6. TOOLBOX
1. INTRODUCTION
2. METHODOLOGY OF THE SYSTEMATIZATION
CONTENTS
6
ACRONYMS
CAM
Mu
nicipal E
nviron
men
tal Co
mm
ission
MIDIS
Ministry of D
evelopment and Social Inclusion
MINAM
Min
istry of E
nviron
men
t
MINTRA
Ministry of Labor and E
mploym
ent
MIMP
Ministry of W
omen and V
ulnerable Populations
MPA
Provin
cial Mu
nicipality o
f Areq
uipa
PEI P
overty-Enviro
nm
ent In
itiative
PIGARS
Inte
grated
Plan
for th
e E
nviro
nm
en
tal
Man
agemen
t of So
lid W
aste
PLANRES
Na
tion
al
Inte
gra
ted
S
olid
W
aste
Man
agemen
t Plan
PSFyRS
So
urce S
ortin
g and
Selective C
ollectio
n
Pro
gram
QALI WARM
A Q
ali Warm
a Natio
nal S
cho
ol M
eal
Pro
gram
SDG
Sustain
able D
evelopm
ent G
oal
SIGERSOL
So
lid W
aste Man
agemen
t Info
rmatio
n
System
UNDP
Un
ited N
ation
s Develo
pmen
t Pro
gramm
e
UN ENVIRONMENT
U
nite
d N
ation
s En
viron
me
nt
Pro
gramm
e (form
erly UN
EP
)
UNV
Un
ited N
ation
s Vo
lun
teers
19
INTRODUCTIONP
eru is a co
un
try of great d
iversity and
com
plexity d
ue to
its mu
lti-e
thn
ic and
cultu
ral plu
rality and
the
variety o
f eco
system
s and
n
atural reso
urces. P
op
ulatio
n gro
wth
, un
sustain
able co
nsu
mp
tion
p
atterns, m
igratory p
rocesses an
d in
creasing u
rban
ization
are som
e o
f the facto
rs that h
ave led to
an in
crease in so
lid w
aste. Ho
wever,
this in
crease has n
ot b
een acco
mp
anied
by ad
equ
ate investm
ents
in co
llection
and
waste treatm
ent services, w
hich
has h
ad n
egative im
pacts o
n th
e enviro
nm
ent an
d th
e health
and
qu
ality of life o
f the
Peruvian population, especially those living in poverty and
vulnerability
and
wh
o m
ost n
eed o
pp
ortu
nities fo
r develo
pm
ent.
Preservation of the environm
ent and the responsible use of natural re-sources are fundam
ental conditions on the path to sustainable development
and among the challenges for P
eru's 20
30
Agenda. To this end, the integra-
ted and inclusive managem
ent of solid waste is understood as a valuable
opportunity for improving the quality of life in cities, through the fostering of
environmental and ecological aw
areness, and represents an important con-
tribution towards valuing, m
aking visible and regularizing the work of peo-
ple whose principal incom
e comes from
recycling.
INTRODUCTION4
65
71
23
10
In th
is con
text, the P
EI 1 in
itiative in P
eru em
erged w
ith th
e pro
ject Integrated Solid W
aste Managem
ent for Sustainable and Inclusive D
evelopment (2
01
3-2
01
7), co-executed by the M
inistry of Environm
ent (M
INA
M) an
d th
e Provin
cial Mu
nicipality o
f Areq
uipa (M
PA) w
ith th
e tech
nical assistan
ce of U
ND
P, UN
En
viron
men
t and
the tech
nical
sup
po
rt of U
nited
Natio
ns V
olu
nteers (U
NV
). Th
e pro
ject, aligned
w
ith th
e ho
listic and
inclu
sive vision
of th
e 20
30
Agen
da an
d aim
ed at
contributing to the 1
0 Sustainab
le Developm
ent Goals (See SD
G chart
in page 1
2), h
ad tw
o im
portan
t levels of in
terventio
n:
a.
Infl
uen
cing th
e policies, plan
s and
bu
dgets o
f the secto
r thro
ugh
the stren
gthen
ing
of in
stitutio
nal capacities;
b. A
pplying a m
od
el of w
aste sortin
g and
collectio
n in
the P
rovin
ce of A
requ
ipa
emph
asizing th
e empo
werm
ent o
f wo
men
recyclers and
the d
evelopm
ent o
f the
recycling m
arket.
Th
e project w
as created w
ith an
inn
ovative goal, in
tegrating so
cial inclu
sion
stra-
tegies, inclu
din
g poverty redu
ction
, the in
corpo
ration
of a gen
der appro
ach an
d
the pro
mo
tion
of yo
un
g people to
provide so
lutio
ns fo
r sustain
able an
d in
clusive
develo
pmen
t in cities.
The project has generated a considerable am
ount of material for analysis
and has developed excellent managem
ent tools that are transferable and
adaptable to other contexts with sim
ilar characteristics. T
he
ob
jec
tiv
e of th
is do
cum
ent is precisely to
extract the lesso
ns
learned
from
the applicatio
n o
f the gen
der appro
ach an
d pro
pose re-
com
men
datio
ns th
at can gu
ide an
d im
prove the w
ork o
f officials o
f di-
fferent M
inistries invo
lved in
similar actio
ns, recyclin
g associatio
ns,
representatives fro
m pu
blic an
d private in
stitutio
ns an
d o
ther peo
ple o
r organ
ization
s com
mitted
to su
stainab
le develo
pmen
t in P
eru. T
he
inco
rporatio
n o
f this appro
ach is a pio
neerin
g initiative in
the co
un
try, particu
larly with
in th
e mu
nicipality o
f Areq
uipa, w
here 8
5.8
% o
f recy-clers in the form
al sector are wom
en, of which 5
0%
are street recyclers. 2
1. T
he P
overty-Enviro
nm
ent In
itiative (PE
I) is a join
t program
of th
e Un
ited N
ation
s Develo
p-
men
t Pro
gramm
e (UN
DP
) and
the
2. P
IGA
RS 2
01
7-2
02
8
-
1213
INTRODUCTION4
65
71
23
Integrated
solid
waste m
anagem
ent w
ith a poverty
and
gend
er app
roach
, with
an em
ph
asis on
the
empow
erment of w
omen and
the developm
ent of a recycling m
arket model.
Th
e AQ
P R
ecicla pro
gramm
e recovers 2
55
T/year o
f m
etals, plastics, cardb
oard and
gives them a second
life.
The P
rovincial Solid Waste M
anagement P
lan of Arequipa
with a poverty and gender approach, relevant in 2
9 district
mu
nicip
alities with
a total o
f 1,0
32
,49
2 p
eop
le, was
elaborated
in participative way.
11 SUSTA
INA
BLE CITIES AN
D CO
MM
UN
ITIES
TARGET 6. Indicator 1
TARGET a. Indicator 1
Th
e elabo
ration
of th
e Gen
der an
d C
limate C
han
ge A
ction Plan, w
hich contemplates the solid
waste sector as
strategic, was supported
.Solid W
aste Managem
ent Information System
(SIGE
RSO
L) upd
ated w
ith social indicators.
Increased
empo
werm
ent an
d resilien
ce of th
e recyclers as a resu
lt of th
e coo
peration
of th
e Min
istry of W
om
en
thro
ugh
the W
om
en E
mergen
cy Cen
ters, wh
ich gave
support in relation to gender violence.
In Arequipa, 8
3%
of the recyclers associations have wom
en
in managem
ent positions.
20
4 recyclers (7
5%
wo
men
) from
18
associatio
ns h
ave im
proved their entrepreneurial, social and labour skills.
Th
e elabo
ration
of th
e Gen
der an
d C
limate C
han
ge A
ction Plan, w
hich contemplates the solid
waste sector as
strategic, was supported
.
Increase in decent employm
ent through the formalization
of recyclers in the associations' public registry (2
5 recyclers
in 2 associations)
As a resu
lt of n
ew co
llection
rou
tes, recyclers' inco
mes
incre
ase
d, a
llow
ing
the
m to
hav
e m
ore
tha
n th
e m
inim
um
wage.
The em
ission of 20
7 kg of C
O2
were avoid
ed by recycling
paper, plastic, metal and
glass in 20
16
by AQ
P R
ecicla.
13 CLIMATE ACTIO
N
5 GEN
DER EQ
UA
LITY
8 DECEN
T WO
RK AND
ECON
OM
IC GRO
WTH
10 REDU
CED IN
EQU
ALITIES
9 IND
USTRY, IN
NO
VATION
AND
INFRASTRU
CTURE
TARGET 1. Indicator 1TARGET 1. Indicator1
TARGET 2. Indicator 1
TARGET 5. Indicator 2
TARGET 3. Indicator 1
META 5c. Indicator c1
TARGET 5. Indicator 2TARGET 1. Indicator 1
.4TARGET 4. Indicator 1
TARGET 5A. Indicator a1
Fo
r recycling p
aper, glass an
d m
etal, 1,1
52
KE
/H o
f en
ergy is avoid
ed, an
d savin
gs of S/. 2
18
,93
8 p
er KW
H
not consumed
are attained.
PE
I has generated comm
unications materials and aw
areness raising cam
paigns to influence towards a recycling culture, and
considerably reduce the generation of w
aste.
12 RESPON
SIBLE CON
SUM
PTION
AN
D PRO
DU
CTION
TARGET 4. Indicator 1
TARGET 8. Indicator 1
20
8 vo
lun
teers mo
bilized
in d
ifferent activities (6
0%
w
omen and
40
% m
en). Aw
areness raised in 3
0 thousand
citizen
s in th
e Areq
uip
a pro
vince. P
olicy co
heren
ce at territorial and
sectoral level
Increase in recyclers' income as a result of the form
alization of associations and the developm
ent of business plans.S
tren
gthe
nin
g solid
waste
po
licy at the
natio
nal an
d
sub
-natio
nal le
vel w
ith so
cial inclu
sion
, ge
nd
er an
d
po
verty con
sideratio
ns.
Vaccination cam
paigns and access to social program
s for the com
munity of w
aste pickers have been supported
.
17 PARTN
ERSHIPS FO
R THE G
OA
LS1 N
O PO
VERTY
3 GO
OD
HEA
LTH A
ND
WELL-BEIN
G
TARGET 14TARGET 1 Indicator 1
TARGET 1B Indicator 1b
TARGET 3 Indicator 4
CONTRIBUTION OF THE PROJECT TO THE SUSTAINABLE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
15
METHODOLOGY OF THE SYSTEMATIZATION
2For the system
atization of the lessons learned and the analysis of the available tools on gender and solid w
aste managem
ent, a mixed m
ethod
was em
ployed that combines quantitative and qualitative data analysis
techniques. The follow
ing techniques were used:
1. D
ocu
men
t review, w
hich
inclu
ded
an an
alysis of th
e regu-
latory fram
ewo
rk for so
lid w
aste man
agemen
t in th
e cou
n-
try, pro
ject do
cum
ents an
d gu
ides, m
anu
als and
stud
ies on
"gend
er and
solid
waste," p
ub
lished
trainin
g material an
d
the system
atization
of th
e pro
ject, wh
ich served
as refe-
rences fo
r the in
corp
oratio
n o
f the so
cial and
gend
er di-
men
sion
in th
e pro
ject;
2. Sem
i-structu
red in
terviews w
ith key stakeh
old
ers wh
o par-
ticipated in
the pro
ject and
that, d
ue to
their ch
aracteristics,
roles, in
terests and
degrees o
f representativen
ess in th
e re-
gion
, played an
impo
rtant ro
le in th
e integratio
n o
f the gen
-
der appro
ach in
the d
ifferent d
imen
sion
s of th
e project.
14
65
72
3
METHODOLOGY DE
LA SISTEMATIZACIÓN
Encourage an environm
ent for the em
powerment of
women
Establishment
of associations
Representation and collective voice of wom
en
LawsPolicies
Th
e results o
f this an
alysis were classified
usin
g the fo
llow
ing fo
ur
dim
ensio
ns
3: no
rmative d
imen
sion
, organ
ization
al dim
ensio
n, m
arket d
imen
sion
and
participatory d
imen
sion
.
Normative dim
ension
Participatory dimension
Organizational dimension
Investment
Market dimension
3. h
ttp://w
ww
.pe.u
nd
p.o
rg/con
tent/p
eru/es/h
om
e/library/en
viron
men
t_energy/ap
ortan
-
do
-solu
cion
es-para-la-gestion
-integral-d
e-residu
os-so
lido
.htm
l
Dimensions to build an environm
ent that is favorable to the em
powerment of wom
en
16
3LIMITATIONS AND OBSTACLES THAT W
OMEN FACE IN THE RECYCLING SECTOR
19
Recyclers face a num
ber of difficulties with respect to w
aste treatment,
where the environm
ental and economic benefits for cities are not alw
ays valued. W
omen recyclers, as is the case in m
any other sectors, also face the additional lim
itation of encountering the reproduction of unequal gender relations at hom
e, place of work and in their respective com
munities.
Fro
m th
e review o
f differen
t guid
es and
stud
ies on
gend
er and
re-cyclin
g, at the glo
bal level, a n
um
ber o
f coin
cidin
g aspects can b
e seen
in th
e analysis o
f the lim
itation
s and
ob
stacles that w
om
en face in
this
sector w
ith respect to
men
:
1. W
om
en h
ave less access to h
igher valu
e4 recyclab
le material an
d ten
d to
wo
rk
fewer h
ou
rs than
men
becau
se of th
e add
ition
al tasks associated
with
do
mestic
and
family w
ork, w
hich
results in
a low
er daily w
ork in
com
e.
2. T
he d
istribu
tion
of activities is b
ased o
n a sexu
al divisio
n o
f labo
r. Statistically, it can
be seen
that a greater n
um
ber o
f wo
men
are involved
in th
e classification
process,
wh
ile there is a greater n
um
ber o
f men
collectin
g material fro
m th
e streets or fro
m
large waste pro
du
cers, thu
s solid
ifying fem
ale and
male stereo
types in th
e sector. 5
3. B
oth
wo
men
and
men
are exposed
to n
um
erou
s health
risks wh
en w
orkin
g with
waste an
d th
is lack of safety in
creases in in
form
al con
texts du
e to th
e un
healthy
con
ditio
ns in
wh
ich th
ey wo
rk. In th
ese situatio
ns, d
ifferent stu
dies h
ave sho
wn
that w
om
en are m
ore vu
lnerab
le, since th
ey do
no
t always h
ave access to b
a-
thro
om
s and
are mo
re exposed
to situ
ation
s of sexu
al harassm
ent an
d o
ther types
of vio
lence th
at may arise in
the n
egotiatio
n an
d acq
uisitio
n o
f waste
6, or sim
ply
du
e to th
e lack of safe pu
blic places.
4. W
om
en h
ave limited
access to d
ecision
-makin
g and
political participatio
n spaces.
Th
e causes lie in
patriarchal relatio
ns, a lack o
f kno
wled
ge and
skills or a lack o
f
self-con
fiden
ce or secu
rity. 7
4. D
ias y Fernan
dez, 2
01
2.
5. R
iofrío
y Cab
rera, 20
12
.
6. W
rigley-Assan
te, 20
13
.
7. M
uller y Sch
einb
erg, 20
07
.
12
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN THE RECYCLING SECTOR: A SNAPSHOT OF THE LIMITATIONS AND OBSTACLES THAT WOMEN FACE
46
57
3
(Association of Eco-efficient W
omen of C
ayma) 8 W
hen
Celia C
on
do
ri Qu
iroz w
as very yo
un
g, her fath
er sent h
er from
Pu
no
to A
requ
ipa, w
here sh
e attend
ed
school. She paid for prim
ary and second
ary school by working as an em
ployee in
a house. There, she w
as mistreated
until she was 1
8. O
ne year later, she becam
e a sin
gle mo
ther. "I w
ou
ld h
ave liked to
have go
ne to
un
iversity. No
w, m
y on
ly h
ope is fo
r my so
n."
Recyclin
g came as an
oppo
rtun
ity that, at first, sh
e did
no
t like. She w
orked
o
n an
d o
ff. After m
on
ths o
f com
ings an
d go
ings, sh
e becam
e interested
. "I saw
that I co
uld
no
t on
ly earn 1
0 so
les- I cou
ld earn
mo
re, bu
t it was po
orly m
ana-
ged. T
hat's th
e poin
t. Th
at's why I stayed
."C
elia has b
een presid
ent o
f an asso
ciation
of 1
1 fo
rmal recyclers fo
r a year an
d a h
alf no
w. O
f these "eco
-efficient w
om
en," o
nly 3
had
wo
rked recyclin
g the
garbage in
bags o
n th
e streets previou
sly. F
or C
elia, the co
achin
g wo
rksho
ps, o
rganized
with
the su
pp
ort o
f the P
o-
verty-Enviro
nm
ent In
itiative, were im
portan
t to u
nd
erstand
that "to
take steps fo
rward
you
have to
make a lo
t of ch
anges an
d yo
u h
ave to b
e dem
and
ing, o
f yo
urself as w
ell." No
w, as a fem
ale force, th
eir associatio
n h
as 2 m
ale mem
bers
as well, an
d th
ey collect b
etween
25
and
34
ton
s of w
aste to attain
an in
com
e of
80
0 to
90
0 so
les each, per m
on
th.
For so
me years n
ow
, Areq
uipa h
as been
celebratin
g the d
ay of th
e Peru
vian
recycler every year, thanks to the Poverty-E
nvironment Initiative. T
his day w
as a special celebration for C
elia because they interviewed her on a local radio station.
Th
e fact that peo
ple un
derstan
d h
er wo
rk and
that h
er son
feels prou
d, m
eans
her aspiratio
ns, o
n th
e day o
f the recycler, b
ecame a reality.
No
w C
elia shares a n
ew d
ream w
ith h
er partn
ers: "to gro
w as a co
mp
any." B
ut sh
e aspires to ach
ieve a little mo
re: "we see o
urselves sen
din
g con
tainers
of w
aste abro
ad."
LIFE STORY - CELIA CONDORI
8. h
ttps://pnu
dperu
.exposu
re.co/m
ujeres-d
el-reciclaje
20
423
ANALYSIS OF THE LESSONS LEARNED
Th
e inco
rporatio
n o
f the gen
der appro
ach is b
ased o
n th
e awaren
ess th
at ou
r beh
avioral m
od
els are infl
uen
ced b
y traditio
nal valu
es and
stereotypes w
ith respect to gender and, consequently, must be revised,
deco
nstru
cted an
d refo
rmu
lated, esp
ecially wh
en o
ther fo
rms o
f d
iscrimin
ation
are also invo
lved su
ch as eth
nicity, so
cial class, age or
sexual o
rientatio
n. Takin
g into
accou
nt th
ese differen
tiating variab
les, the P
EI project in P
eru created an intervention model that incorporates
the gen
der appro
ach, w
hich
integrates th
e differen
t oppo
rtun
ities and
in
ter-relation
ship
s amo
ng th
e stakeho
lders in
the so
lid w
aste value
chain
in o
rder to
provide gu
idan
ce for egalitarian
decisio
n m
aking fo
r th
e form
alization
and
prom
otio
n o
f "green em
ploymen
t."T
he reco
mm
end
ation
s in th
e do
cum
ent h
ave been
form
ulated
with
a view
to fu
rtherin
g learnin
g to b
e replicated in
similar in
itiatives and
, therefore, are d
irected to the d
ifferent participating government agen-
cies, UN
DP
and UN
Environm
ent and the recycler associations that are part o
f the pro
ject for fu
ture in
itiatives.
12
ANALYSIS OF THE LESSONS LEARNED
65
74
3
2524
1
LESSON 1: COHERENCE AND CONGRUENCE OF LAWS AND POLICY INSTRUMENTS WITH A FOCUS ON GENDER AT THE NATIONAL AND LOCAL LEVEL T
he
pro
ject is in
no
vative b
y inco
rpo
rating, in
a trad
ition
ally techn
ical area, the d
imen
sion
s of so
cial in
clusio
n an
d gen
der in
laws, p
olicies an
d p
lans fo
r in
tegrated so
lid w
aste man
agemen
t at the n
ation
al an
d lo
cal level.
Th
e ob
jective is to create a favo
rable n
orm
ative-regulatory environm
ent for the solid waste sector
that in
corpo
rates the so
cial variables o
f poverty, gen
der an
d yo
uth
.
NORMATIVE DIMENSION
LIMITATIONS:
PROGRESS:
REGULATORY FRAMEW
ORK WITH A SOCIAL AND
GENDER APPROACH:
•
Th
e In
te
gr
at
ed
Pla
n fo
r t
he
En
vir
on
me
nt
al
Ma
na
ge
me
nt
o
f
So
lid
Wa
st
e
(PIG
AR
S)
of
th
e p
ro
vin
ce
of A
re
qu
ipa
20
17
-20
28
: based
o
n th
e kno
wled
ge from
the G
end
er An
alysis o
f pub
lic cleanin
g person
nel an
d recyclers, th
e A
requipa PIG
AR
S plan incorporates, for the first tim
e, po
verty and
gend
er variables, id
entifies
gaps in inequality and proposes mechanism
s for equality and equal access to opportunities in the w
aste man
agemen
t services offered
by each
m
un
icipality th
rou
gh th
e inclu
sion
of sp
ecific targets and
indicators. In ad
dition, it is the b
asis for generating key instrum
ents such as the Gu
ide
for
inc
or
po
ra
tin
g a
sp
ec
ts
of g
en
de
r, po
ve
rt
y
an
d g
re
en
em
plo
ym
en
t in
th
e M
un
icip
al S
olid
Wa
ste
Ma
na
ge
me
nt P
lan
s, the Re
co
rd
for
th
e
inc
or
po
ra
tio
n o
f so
cia
l as
pe
ct
s in
th
e d
ist
ric
t
wa
ste
ma
na
ge
me
nt p
lan
s and the questionnaires
for recyclers and cleaning personnel.
•
Inte
gr
ate
d s
olid
wa
ste
law
: During the process
of elaborating the proposed
law, the project, in
conjunction w
ith the various public institutions
involved, provided support for the drafting of an
article specifically indicating the gender and social in
clusio
n appro
ach an
d th
e prom
otio
n o
f local
employm
ent (chapter 3, article 5
3, legislative decree
No. 1
27
8 - published D
ecember, 2
01
6).
•T
he
re
vis
ion
of t
he
Na
tio
na
l Inte
gr
ate
d S
olid
Wa
ste
Ma
na
ge
me
nt P
lan
(PL
AN
RE
S 2
01
6-2
02
4)
add
resses not only purely technical components
for m
anagem
ent, b
ut also
aspects o
f po
verty re
du
ction
and
ge
nd
er, in
clud
ing
, amo
ng
its in
strum
ents an
d n
ation
al reference in
itiatives, the Law
on Eq
ual Opportunities for W
omen and
M
en, th
e Natio
nal G
end
er Eq
uality P
lan 2
01
2-
20
17
- PLA
NIG
and
the G
end
er and
Clim
ate C
han
ge Actio
n P
lan - M
IMP
- MIN
AM
.
RESISTANCE TO THE GENDER APPROACH: W
ith
Bill N
o. 97
6, in February of 2
01
7, the C
onstitution
and Regulation C
omm
ittee approved the withdraw
al of the paragraph on gender and social inclusion, in
response to a context in w
hich the congressional m
ajority questioned the foundations of the gender approach
and its
inclusion in
public policies,
not understanding it as the exercising of equal rights, responsibilities, opportunities and equal value of m
en
and wom
en. The current text specifically m
entions the sustainable approach, w
ithout mentioning a gender or
social approach.
LACK OF A SYSTEMATIC INCORPORATION OF THE
GENDER APPROACH: PLA
NR
ES is a d
ocu
men
t that
has in
clud
ed th
e gend
er app
roach
in an
app
reciable
man
ner an
d, d
espite th
e advan
ces and
efforts, th
is in
corp
oratio
n rem
ains o
nly in
the strategic axis
related to
the stren
gthen
ing o
f capacities an
d d
oes
no
t go b
eyon
d th
e axis of in
stitutio
nal d
evelop
men
t an
d th
e pro
mo
tion
of investm
ents
12
65
74
3
ANALYSIS OF THE LESSONS LEARNED
2726
RECOMMENDATIONS AND STRATEGIES FOR ACTION:
LIMITATIONS:
KEY ISSUES THAT SHOULD BE DEVELOPED: Wh
ile th
e analysis o
f gend
er as an in
pu
t for elab
oratin
g P
IGA
RS is an
extraord
inary to
ol fo
r chan
ging so
lid
waste
man
agemen
t, b
y in
corp
oratin
g relevan
t asp
ects of gen
der at th
e level of o
ccup
ation
al h
ealth, train
ing an
d access to
social p
rogram
s, it d
id n
ot ad
equ
ately add
ress oth
er key elemen
ts for
the em
po
werm
ent o
f wo
men
recyclers and
pu
blic
cleanin
g perso
nn
el, such
as:
1.W
om
en's access to lo
ans o
r oth
er fo
rms o
f credit
2.U
npaid
do
mestic w
ork
3.T
he
impo
rtant
issue
of
violen
ce, b
oth
at ho
me, in
the w
orkplace an
d
in pu
blic spaces
4.T
heir
decisio
n-m
aking
pow
er in
th
e sector.
ADVOCACY ACTIONS AT THE POLITICAL LEVEL:
Although
the fram
ework
law
does not
include a
gender and
social inclusion approach, there are m
anagement
instruments at the national and local level that
do. The risks identified w
ith non-compliance
with this approach are relatively low
, as each
municipality
has the
technical autonom
y to
implem
ent solid
waste
managem
ent regulations w
ithin its jurisdiction. How
ever, it is essential to undertake advocacy actions at the political level to dissem
inate the gender approach and its im
pact on public policies w
ith the objective of modifying erroneous
conceptions of the term "gender."
EMPHASIS ON LOCAL CAPACITY BUIL-
DING: Given
the lack o
f similar p
rojects,
it is essential th
at initiatives su
ch as th
is o
ne m
aintain
their fo
cus o
n b
uild
ing lo
cal cap
acities so th
ey can co
ntin
ue to
pro
vide
specialized
sup
po
rt and
guid
ance o
n gen
-d
er. In th
is way, clear co
ord
inatio
n p
aths
are develo
ped
in a m
od
el articulated
from
th
e local to
the n
ation
al level.
STRENGTHEN GENDER
ANALYSIS to
serve
as an
in
pu
t fo
r d
evelop
ing
the
Pro
vincial So
lid W
aste Man
agemen
t Plan
s (P
IGA
RS), m
aking th
em m
ore co
nsisten
t an
d en
surin
g greater emp
ow
ermen
t of
wo
men
recyclers in th
e sector.
PROPOSE CONCRETE
ADVOCACY AC-
TIONS TO WIDELY DISSEM
INATE THE AREQUIPA M
ODEL so th
at it is ado
pted
by current and future elected officials (for exam
ple, dissemination of relevant m
ate-rials and guides, training of m
inistry techni-cal staff, m
eetings with new
national autho-rities, m
eetings with local officials follow
ing regional and m
unicipal elections).
12
65
74
3
ANALYSIS OF THE LESSONS LEARNED
2928
LESSON 2: PROMOTING INTER-INSTITUTIONAL COORDINATION ENSURES THE STRENGTHENING OF GENDER-FOCUSED POLICIES
2
LIMITATIONS:
PROGRESS:
Several sou
rces of in
form
ation
with
in th
e pro
ject fram
ework reveal certain deficiencies in term
s of inter-institutional coordination m
echanisms. T
his undermines
their efficien
cy, effectiveness an
d relevan
ce, bu
t if o
ne co
nsid
ers the large n
um
ber o
f stakeho
lders
involved, which adds som
e degree of complexity to the
intervention, and the innovative nature of the Arequipa
mo
del, o
ne can
no
t un
derstate th
e efforts m
ade to
coordinate approaches and strategies and construct a com
mon language am
ong the different ministries and
local authorities.
SUCCESSFUL EXAMPLES OF INTER-INSTITUTIONAL
COORDINATION: T
he coordination
established
between the M
inistry of Environm
ent (MIN
AM
) and
the Ministry of W
omen and V
ulnerable Populations
(MIM
P) added great value to the project. T
his was
the case with the im
proved technical validation of P
LAN
RE
S, the Gender and C
limate C
hange Plan,
and the strengthening of the gender question in the A
requipa project through training and legal counsel.
INTER-INSTITUTIONAL PROGRAM
S: E
ffective co
ord
inatio
n b
etween
the M
inistry o
f Enviro
nm
ent
and
th
e M
inistry
of
Eco
no
my
and
F
inan
ce h
as resu
lted
in
impo
rtant
initiatives,
such
as
the
Pro
gram
of
Incen
tives fo
r th
e Im
provemen
t o
f M
un
icipal Man
agemen
t, wh
ich aim
s to pro
mo
te th
e implem
entatio
n o
f an in
tegrated m
un
icipal solid
w
aste man
agemen
t system in
the m
un
icipalities of
majo
r type A an
d B
9 cities to
enco
urage m
un
icipalities to
generate a b
etter qu
ality of life fo
r the m
en an
d
wo
men
wh
o w
ork in
the recyclin
g sector.
9. T
here are 2
50
mu
nicipalities n
ationw
ide co
nsid
ered m
ain cities,
with
Areq
uipa catego
rized as Type A
.
LIMITED
ROLE OF
MIM
P: A
s a
collaborating
institution in this project and, ab
ove all, as the m
ain public ad
ministration reference in the area of
wom
en's rights, MIM
P's role in the project, and
more
specifically in the Areq
uipa project, should have
been reinforced
. Stronger ties betw
een MIN
AM
and
M
IMP
w
ould
have helped
to
position and
consolid
ate the innovative approach of the project, fostering a m
ore favorable environm
ent for similar
interventions in the future at the municipal level.
12
65
74
3
ANALYSIS OF THE LESSONS LEARNED
31
RECOMMENDATIONS AND STRATEGIES FOR ACTION:
DESIGN EFFECTIVE
COORDINATION STRATEGIES: E
nvironmental m
anagement
is cross-sectoral
and decentralized
and
the attainment of objectives and targets
is the
shared responsibility
of all
state institutions, as w
ell as the private sector and society as a w
hole, so it is essential that the governm
ent, In collaboration with the
other stakeholders,
design coordination
strategies in order to w
ork effectively and
in an coordinated manner.
A M
ORE EFFECTIVE
PRESENCE OF
MIM
P w
ou
ld h
elp to co
nso
lidate an
d
mo
nito
r th
e pro
cesses o
f ch
ange
in
progress,
especially at
the
local
level, an
d to
chan
nel th
em in
to o
ther lo
cal in
itiatives already u
nd
erway, provid
ing
con
tinu
ity of th
e project.
KEY FORUM
S OR
SPACES FOR
PARTICIPATION: Th
e An
nu
al Meetin
g for
the In
tegrated M
anagem
ent o
f Mu
nicipal
Solid
Waste sh
ou
ld in
clud
e the presen
ce o
f MIM
P an
d key stakeh
old
ers wh
o h
ave actively
prom
oted
a
social
inclu
sion
appro
ach to
generate appro
priation
and
fu
ture d
ecision
-makin
g.
12
65
74
3
ANALYSIS OF THE LESSONS LEARNED
3332
LESSON 3: STRENGTHENING INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND TOOLS FAVORABLE FOR AN INCLUSIVE APPROACH ENSURES INFORMED DECISION-MAKING
3PROGRESS:
LIMITATIONS:C
ontemplating the inclusion of social and econom
ic aspects in m
anagement system
s and tools has had
an im
pact on planning and at the managem
ent level o
f mu
nicip
alities. Th
is imp
lies recogn
ition
of th
e participation of w
omen, in equality w
ith men, in the body
of technical operations and provisions, comm
unity and
public policy provisions and their visibility as agents for local developm
ent.
UPDATING OF
INFORMATION
SYSTEMS:
Th
e pro
ject w
orked
to
su
ccessfully
upd
ate th
e SIG
ER
SOL
10
platform
, inco
rporatin
g, amo
ng o
ther
items,
data
disaggregated
by
sex fo
r selective
collectio
n services, street sw
eeping, tran
sportatio
n,
treatmen
t plants an
d fin
al dispo
sal.
MODEL TOOLS TO INCORPORATE SOCIAL ASPECTS:
Th
e file design
ed fo
r the in
corpo
ration
of so
cial aspects in
the P
IGA
RS A
ction
Plan
of A
requ
ipa is a to
ol th
at main
streams th
e gend
er focu
s in activities,
targets and
ind
icators an
d a m
od
el to b
e follo
wed
by o
ther m
un
icipalities.
10
. A so
lid w
aste info
rmatio
n system
shared
amo
ng m
un
icipalities. It
inclu
des enviro
nm
ental q
uality stan
dard
s to evalu
ate the pro
gress of
man
agemen
t, decisio
n m
aking an
d th
e associatio
n o
f volu
mes o
f waste
han
dled
and
person
nel d
edicated
to th
e tasks of sw
eeping, w
aste co-
llection
, transpo
rt and
final d
isposal.
INCLUDE IM
PROVEMENTS
IN THE
CURRENT INFORM
ATION SYSTEM: A
ltho
ugh
the u
pdatin
g of
the SIG
ER
SOL platfo
rm im
plies an im
portan
t and
n
ecessary chan
ge in th
e platform
for th
e analysis o
f in
form
ation
, the in
clud
ed field
s are insu
fficient, as
they m
ay no
t serve to id
entify situ
ation
s of in
equ
ality o
r may even
intro
du
ce biases w
hen
characterizin
g th
e reality of w
om
en an
d m
en in
the secto
r.
12
65
74
3
ANALYSIS OF THE LESSONS LEARNED
35
RECOMMENDATIONS AND STRATEGIES FOR ACTION:
STRENGTHEN THE COLLECTION OF DATA IN A FUTURE UPDATE OF SIGERSOL w
ith the inclusion of two or three gender
indicators related to the average working
hours of men and w
omen or the num
ber of people participating in gender training.
PREPARE A REPORT TO SUPPORT DE-CISION-M
AKING: Analyze the SIG
ER
SOL
information to convert it into a report that
reviews trends and includes possible stra-
tegies specifically aimed at prom
oting the em
ployment of w
omen. T
he National Ins-
titute of Statistics could be a strategic ally, given
its experience in
gend
er statistics.
IMPROVE
THE PIGARS
INDICATORS: T
he form for the incorporation of social
aspects in the PIG
AR
S Action P
lan should
review
some
indicators that
could be
disaggregated by sex and consider the feasibility of including an im
pact indicator able to m
easure changes resulting from
the training actions, for example.
12
65
74
3
ANALYSIS OF THE LESSONS LEARNED
3736
A SOLID COMMITMENT TOWARDS FORMALIZATION, AT THE LOCAL LEVEL, ENCOURAGES THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN ACCESSIBLE AND COMPETITIVE MARKET
4
Th
e ob
jective of th
is dim
ensio
n refers to
the
op
eration
of th
e differen
t organ
ization
al and
cap
acity bu
ildin
g mo
dalities o
f men
and
wo
men
recyclers, id
entifying and consolid
ating networks
and associations to d
evelop representation in the in
tegrated m
anagem
ent o
f solid
waste.
ORGANIZATIONAL DIMENSION
LESSON 4: PROGRESS:
LIMITATIONS:
The project has had an influence on the im
portance o
f valuin
g solid
waste w
ith an
inclu
sive app
roach
, recognizing the im
portance of recyclers in the recycling valu
e chain
, and
the fo
stering o
f form
al recycling
markets that prom
ote organizational improvem
ent, form
alization and sustainability in their operation. 11 T
he increasing form
alization of associations is a fundamental
axis for th
e develo
pmen
t of a m
ore accessib
le and
com
petitive recycling market.
11
. Th
e new
regulato
ry framew
ork d
etermin
es that lo
cal governm
ents
will b
e the regu
latory b
od
ies for th
e activities of recyclers w
ithin
their
jurisd
iction
, ado
pting an
inclu
sive approach
and
con
siderin
g them
as
part of th
e local m
anagem
ent system
, poten
tializing th
eir activities
thro
ugh
the elab
oratio
n o
f no
rms an
d estab
lishin
g that lo
cal govern-
men
ts keep a record
of th
e registration
of o
rganizatio
ns fo
r the gran
ting
of au
tho
rization
s and
certification
s, wh
ich sh
ou
ld also
serve as the b
asis
for access to
ben
efits (Recyclers Law
and
the N
ew LG
IRS R
egulatio
n).
FORMALIZATION
AS A
MEANS
OF ATTAINING
SECURITY: T
hrough the assistance provided by the project, the form
alization of 58
recyclers (88
%
wom
en and 12
% m
en), in five organizations, was
achieved. The prevalence of w
omen in the sector,
at the local level, reveals that this is a group that perceives
formalization
as a
means
of attaining
respect and security.
MONITORING AS AN EFFECTIVE STRATEGY: T
he coordination of the project has been able to develop an
extremely
useful dynam
ic for
monitoring
the processes of form
alization and the promotion of "green
em
ployment" of recyclers by integrating the application
of the gender approach in solid w
aste managem
ent instrum
ents and in the strengthening their capabilities.
CHALLENGES TO
ENSURING SUSTAINABILITY:
Formalization,
as m
entioned in
various program
docum
ents, is
a com
plex process,
given the
characteristics of the sector (turnover, informality and
volatile prices in the m
arket). Although the m
unicipality has a defined policy, the project has provided support for the financing of activities, the provision of equipm
ent and the effective m
onitoring of formalization and
training. T
he completion of the project does not ensure
the sustainability of some processes that are not yet
consolidated and there is the possibility that recyclers w
ill fall back into informality.
DepenDence on the political context: T
his typ
e of p
roject, w
ith a clear co
mp
on
ent fo
r stren
gthen
ing p
ub
lic po
licies, is associated
with
h
igh levels o
f dep
end
ence o
n th
e state and
the
po
litical situatio
n, w
hich
can lead
to ch
anges in
p
riorities an
d m
ay un
derm
ine th
e chan
ces of fi
rm
com
mitm
ents fro
m th
e State.
LACK OF
ALTERNATIVES FOR
THE ELDERLY
POPULATION: A
significan
t part of th
e recycling
labo
r force is ad
vanced
in age an
d, largely, th
ey are w
om
en. G
end
er analysis sh
ow
s that m
en an
d
wo
men
61
or o
lder acco
un
t for 2
2.3
% (8
.9%
men
and
1
3.4
% w
om
en) o
f the active recyclin
g labo
r force.
Similarly, 4
0.3
% (1
6.1
% m
en an
d 2
4.2
% w
om
en) o
f th
e stud
ied gro
up is 5
1 o
r old
er, an aspect th
at mu
st b
e taken in
to acco
un
t, bo
th in
terms o
f prod
uctive
perform
ance
and
w
hen
co
nsid
ering
schem
es to
provid
e pensio
ns, an
d fo
r oth
er types of so
cial assistan
ce or fo
r improvem
ents in
their activities to
im
prove their q
uality o
f life and
well-b
eing.
12
65
74
3
ANALYSIS OF THE LESSONS LEARNED
39
RECOMMENDATIONS AND STRATEGIES FOR ACTION:
ESTABLISH
INTER-IN
STITUTION
AL AGREEM
ENTS SPECIFICALLY AIM
ED AT IM
PROVING TH
E WORKIN
G CON-
DITIONS
OF RECYCLERS,
inclu
din
g m
en
and
w
om
en
of
advan
ced
age. E
xamp
les inclu
de:
•
Trainin
g and
censu
ses in co
nju
nctio
n
with
the M
inistry o
f Labo
r,•
Syn
ergy b
etween
so
cial pro
grams
such
as the Q
ali Warm
a program
of
the
Min
istry o
f D
evelopm
ent
and
So
cial Inclu
sion
, or Im
pulsa P
erú o
f th
e Min
istry of Lab
or,
•
Th
e provisio
n
of
suppo
rt an
d
guid
ance in
cases of gen
der vio
lence
in co
nju
nctio
n w
ith th
e Em
ergency
Cen
ters for W
om
en o
f the M
inistry o
f W
om
en an
d V
uln
erable P
opu
lation
s.
CREATE SPACES FOR DISCUSSION AND DEBATE:
Co
nsid
er the o
rganizatio
n o
f an
ann
ual even
t for recyclers to
prom
ote
a com
mo
n fo
rum
to d
iscuss an
d d
ebate
their ro
les as wo
rkers and
leaders in
their
coo
peratives and
associatio
ns.
STRENGTHEN THE
LINKS BETW
EEN RECYCLER ASSOCIATIONS AND REGIO-NAL NETW
ORKS IN THE SECTOR, such
as IR
R1
2 o
r WIE
GO
13 an
d o
thers th
at allo
w th
em to
participate in d
ebates at
the regio
nal an
d glo
bal level an
d sh
are experien
ces and
man
agemen
t and
lea-d
ership m
od
els.
FACILITATE ACCESS
TO SOCIAL
PROGRAMS fo
r recyclers to h
elp improve
their q
uality o
f life.
12
. IRR
, the "Regional Inclusive R
ecycling Initiative," was
created in 20
11
and is a regional platform for the coordi-
nation of actions, investments and know
ledge related to in-
clusive recycling, involving stakeholders from the public and
private sectors, social organizations and recyclers.
13
. WIE
GO
is a glob
al netw
ork fo
cused
on
securin
g the
liveliho
od
s of th
e wo
rking po
or, especially w
om
en, in
the
info
rmal eco
no
my.
12
65
74
3
ANALYSIS OF THE LESSONS LEARNED
4140
LESSON 5: STRENGTHENING CAPACITIES FOR THE EMPOWERMENT OF RECYCLER AND CLEANING PERSONNEL ASSOCIATIONS PROMOTES GENDER EQUALITY
5
PROGRESS:
LIMITATIONS:C
apacity build
ing is one of the core components of
the project. The effort m
ade in the creation of new
train
ing m
aterials, the u
pdatin
g of gu
ides an
d th
e coordination betw
een different institutions has been
able to consolidate a very valuable body of knowledge
to strengthen the capacities of the authorities, public clean
ing p
erson
nel an
d recyclers fo
r solid
waste
managem
ent with a focus on equality.
PROGRESS BEYOND INDIVIDUAL EMPOW
ERMENT:
Th
e project, th
rou
gh its train
ing m
od
ule in
social skills
with
a gend
er focu
s for recyclers, w
hich
add
resses issu
es such
as family vio
lence, gen
der, ch
ildren
, self-esteem
, assertive com
mu
nicatio
n, so
cial skills and
in
ter-person
al relation
s and
teamw
ork, in
add
ition
to
leadersh
ip, bu
siness m
anagem
ent an
d co
nfl
ict reso
lutio
n train
ing, h
as man
aged to
develo
p no
t o
nly
ca
pa
cit
ies
fo
r
ind
ivid
ua
l e
mp
ow
er
me
nt,
bu
t it has also
been
expand
ed to
wid
er
an
d m
or
e
st
ru
ct
ur
al
lev
els
o
f p
olit
ica
l, e
co
no
mic
a
nd
sy
mb
olic
em
po
we
rm
en
t.
TRAINING IN GENDER INCLUSION FOR BOTH W
OMEN AND M
EN: W
hat u
sually h
app
ens in
gen
der train
ing is th
at the issu
es and
particip
ation
are
directed
exclu
sively to
ward
w
om
en,
no
t allo
win
g fo
r all
the
peo
ple
in
a co
mm
un
ity to
rein
force gen
der n
orm
s. On
e of th
e advan
tages of
this p
roject is th
at the train
ing h
as been
directed
to
bo
th m
en an
d w
om
en recyclers, th
us co
ntrib
utin
g to
social ch
ange b
y breakin
g free of th
e no
rms an
d
stereotyp
es emb
edd
ed in
society.
DIFFICULTIES IN
MEASU
RING TH
E IMPACTS OF
TRAININ
G: Desp
ite the evid
ence o
f ind
ividu
al and
co
llective emp
ow
ermen
t from
the testim
on
ies o
f som
e wo
men
recyclers and
pu
blic clean
ing
perso
nn
el in
terviewed
, cu
rrent
man
agemen
t in
strum
ents d
o n
ot h
ave ind
icators to
measu
re th
e im
pacts
of
these
trainin
g p
rogram
s in
eco
no
mic o
r po
litical sph
eres.
TRAINING MODULES THAT NEED A REVIEW
OF THE FOCUS: T
here are training tools, such as the modules
on leadership,
conflict
resolution, and
business m
anagement or, currently, the diplom
a for inclusive recycling for m
unicipal representatives coordinated
by the NG
O C
iudad Saludable [Healthy C
ity], which
require a review
in order to integrate more inclusive
language and reinforce the gender focus
12
65
74
3
ANALYSIS OF THE LESSONS LEARNED
43
RECOMMENDATIONS AND STRATEGIES FOR ACTION:
NEW INDICATORS TO M
EASURE THE RESULTS
OF TRAINING:
Inco
rporate
trainin
g im
pact in
dicato
rs in
th
e m
anagem
ent in
strum
ents, su
ch as th
e b
usin
esses generated
from
trainin
g or
access to d
ecision
-makin
g positio
ns.
USE LOCAL RESOURCES TO REINFORCE AND UPDATE THE CONTENT OF GUIDES, M
ODULES AND
TRAINING M
ATERIAL to
create a ho
mo
geneo
us m
od
el that is
con
sistent w
ith th
e aims o
f the in
tegrated
waste
man
agemen
t plan
s w
ithin
th
eir axis o
f capacity bu
ildin
g.
FINISH AND TEST THE GUIDE ON THE 7 THEM
ES OF THE EMERGENCY CENTER
FOR WOM
EN on
ho
w to
add
ress issues o
f vio
lence am
on
g wo
men
recyclers for u
se in
the so
cial areas of m
un
icipalities.
STRENGTHEN THE TRAINING PROGRAMS
FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP OF WOM
EN, especially older w
omen.
12
65
74
3
ANALYSIS OF THE LESSONS LEARNED
4544
LESSON 6: CREATE A MORE ACCESSIBLE AND COMPETITIVE MARKET THAT ALSO INCLUDES WOMEN RECYCLERS
Th
e an
alysis of th
e in
teractio
ns b
etw
ee
n
recycler associatio
ns an
d th
e recycling m
arket, as w
ell as relation
s with
interm
ediaries an
d th
e com
mercialization of recyclab
le waste and
their w
orkin
g con
ditio
ns in
the valu
e chain
.
6
MARKET DIMENSION
PROGRESS:
LIMITATIONS:T
he project in Arequipa has undoubtedly contributed
to the construction of a fram
e of reference for the stakeholders that shape the recycling m
arket, creating specific opportunities for w
omen through affirm
ative actions and
empow
ering them to contrib
ute to the im
proved efficiency and competitiveness in the m
arket.
ANALYSIS AND
RESEARCH W
ITH A
GENDER FOCUS:
On
e of th
e action
s that h
as had
the
greatest im
pact
on
d
ecision
-makin
g w
as th
e d
evelop
men
t and
dissem
inatio
n o
f a st
ud
y o
n t
he
re
cy
clin
g
ma
rk
et
, w
hich
in
corp
orated
a
socio
-eco
no
mic b
aseline an
d gen
der an
alysis. Th
e stud
y ap
pro
priately co
nsid
ered a seco
nd
stage, focu
sed
on
the d
evelop
men
t of b
usin
ess ideas to
imp
rove
the q
uality o
f life of m
en an
d w
om
en recyclers, b
y m
aking th
e Sou
rce Sortin
g and
Selective Co
llection
P
rogram
(PSF
yRS) m
ore effi
cient an
d b
y detailin
g relevan
t asp
ects w
ith
respect
to
the
recycling
activity that allo
w to
for th
e futu
re main
tenan
ce of
dem
and
, sup
ply an
d th
e inco
me o
f the asso
ciation
s.
SAFE, EFFICIENT AND MORE PROFITABLE ROUTES:
Optim
ization
of Selective C
ollectio
n ro
utes o
f the
Areq
uipa R
ecicla Pro
gram (h
ou
seho
ld, co
mm
ercial an
d b
usin
ess rou
tes) has allo
wed
form
al recyclers to
wo
rk in a clean
er and
safer man
ner an
d im
prove th
eir inco
me, at th
e end
of th
e day, by savin
g time,
fuel an
d treatm
ent an
d fin
al dispo
sal costs.
AFFIRMATIVE ACTIONS THAT PROM
OTE EQUALITY: T
he G
uid
e to in
corpo
rate gend
er aspects in P
IGA
RS
inclu
des gen
der eq
uality criteria fo
r the h
iring o
f w
aste collecto
rs, drivers, h
elpers and
techn
icians,
in su
ch a w
ay as to provid
e equ
al oppo
rtun
ities for
wo
men
and
men
thro
ugh
affirmative actio
ns.
LACK OF STABLE CONDITIONS IN THE MARKET:
Stable
con
ditio
ns
have
still n
ot
been
created
th
at en
sure
that
form
al recyclers
earn
better
inco
mes, m
ake use o
f efficien
t rou
tes, and
that th
e p
op
ulatio
n co
llabo
rates mo
re pro
actively, and
has
greater access to so
cial pro
grams an
d lo
ng-term
in
centives are gen
erated.
12
65
74
3
ANALYSIS OF THE LESSONS LEARNED
47
RECOMMENDATIONS AND STRATEGIES FOR ACTION:
IMPROVE COORDINATION M
ECHANISMS:
Optim
ize the ro
le played by co
ord
inatin
g b
od
ies such
as the R
egion
al and
Mu
nici-
pal Enviro
nm
ental C
om
missio
ns an
d th
e Tech
nical G
rou
ps for So
lid W
aste (GT
RS)
to in
form
, stud
y and
propo
se suitab
le m
echan
isms to
improve th
e integrated
m
anagem
ent o
f solid
waste, su
ch as th
e Salu
d Salu
dab
le Initiative, to
create a ne-
two
rk of m
un
icipalities and
associatio
ns
of recyclers fo
r the sto
rage and
com
mer-
cialization
of reu
sable so
lid w
aste and
u
se of P
ET
plastic grind
ers.
STRENGTHEN LOCAL
LEADERSHIP THROUGH UNIVERSITIES AND EDUCA-TIONAL INSTITUTIONS th
at allow
for th
e creatio
n o
f a larger political an
d so
cial ad
vocacy n
etwo
rk and
that can
con
tinu
e co
ntrib
utin
g to th
e develo
pmen
t of in
no
-vative so
lutio
ns.
12
65
74
3
ANALYSIS OF THE LESSONS LEARNED
4948
LESSON 7: PROMOTING INNOVATIVE ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RECYCLING INCREASES ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES FOR RECYCLERS
7
PROGRESS:
LIMITATIONS:
Th
e techn
ical and
finan
cial assistance provid
ed by
the project for the preparation of business and local developm
ent plans in Arequipa, including sustainable
economic initiatives focused on the em
powerm
ent of w
omen recyclers, m
ade the strategy of applying the gender approach m
ore comprehensive. Furtherm
ore, it h
as been
a valuab
le force fo
r the articu
lation
of
the different sectors with respect to the problem
of integrated solid w
aste managem
ent, endeavoring to
implem
ent sustainable strategies for the improvem
ent of the quality of life of recyclers and the transition to
green em
ployment.
BUSINESS PLANS FORMULATED W
ITH A FOCUS ON
EQUALITY: T
he business
plans that
were
implem
ented to add value and increase the income of
men and w
omen recyclers
14
were developed taking
into account the different experiences and needs of m
en and wom
en by applying a gender approach.
SEARCH FOR
ALTERNATIVES THAT
PROVIDE ADDED VALUE: In
particular, th
e bu
siness plan
for
the pro
du
ction
of h
and
icrafts mad
e with
recycled
materials, an
econ
om
ic activity carried o
ut alm
ost
entirely
by w
om
en,
is an
o
ption
th
at provid
es ad
ded
value to
waste an
d allo
ws fo
r the co
ntin
uin
g d
evelopm
ent o
f a form
al recycling valu
e chain
.
GUIDANCE FOR
ASSOCIATIONS: In
clud
ed
in
ob
jective five of P
IGA
Rs (Su
stainab
ility Prin
ciple), as a G
reen E
mploym
ent co
mplian
ce activity, is: "the
establish
men
t of a co
ord
inated
process b
etween
th
e Mu
nicipal E
con
om
ic Develo
pmen
t Area an
d
the So
urce So
rting P
rogram
for th
e propo
sal of
new
bu
sinesses" so
that pro
fession
als in th
is area can
provide gu
idan
ce and
advice fo
r the d
ifferent
associatio
ns o
f recyclers.
14
. See th
e bu
siness p
lans in
the d
ocu
men
t Pro
vidin
g solu
tion
s for
the in
tegrated m
anagem
ent o
f solid
waste fo
r sustain
able an
d in
clu-
sive develo
pm
ent.
THE NEED TO STRENGTHEN RELATIONS WITH
FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
AND PRIVATE
COMPANIES:
Th
e pro
ject merely exp
lored
ways
to
strength
en
or
establish
lin
ks w
ith
fin
ancial
institu
tion
s and
/or p
rivate com
pan
ies to o
btain
lo
ans an
d investm
ents w
ith a gen
der p
erspective
for asso
ciation
s of recyclers.
RISK OF INADEQUATE INSTITUTIONAL MONITORING:
Again, w
ith the completion of the project, there is the
risk that certain business plans established under the project m
ay not be continued, or may be abandoned,
due to lack of institutional support or monitoring.
12
65
74
3
ANALYSIS OF THE LESSONS LEARNED
51
RECOMMENDATIONS AND STRATEGIES FOR ACTION:
PROMOTE
TRAINING ACTIONS
FOR FINANCIAL
INSTITUTIONS: on
the developm
ent of financial products and ser-vices that take into account gender issues.
ESTABLISH A
SPECIAL FUND
IN CONJUNCTION
WITH
PUBLIC AND
PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS
that adopts
measures for gender m
ainstreaming and
to ensure access to financial resources, for both for m
en and wom
en, dedicated
to facilitating access to credit for business activities, especially for older w
omen.
PROMOTE AFFIRM
ATIVE ACTIONS: Pro-
pose that
both national
and m
unicipal program
s, such as the one to modernize
municipal m
anagement (Law
No. 2
76
58
), include participation quotas for w
omen as
an affirmative action.
PROMOTE
GENDER-SENSITIVE LOAN
AND INVESTMENT POLICIES:
Develop
the capacity of associations of wom
en
recyclers to get involved and advocate gender-sensitive investm
ents and credit term
s for their economic em
powerm
ent.m
ujeres de edad avanzada.
12
65
74
3
ANALYSIS OF THE LESSONS LEARNED
5352
LESSON 8: CREATING BROAD ALLIANCE NETWORKS AND AWARENESS-RAISING ACTIONS FOSTERS THE CULTURE OF INCLUSIVE RECYCLING
The project w
as able to initiate a process of change in
pu
blic attitu
des an
d b
ehavio
r con
cernin
g the
managem
ent of solid waste am
ong families, educational
institu
tion
s and
com
pan
ies with
the su
pp
ort o
f a m
ultidisciplinary team of U
nited Nations V
olunteers w
ith gender training.
15
. Th
e project pro
posed
this actio
n in
20
15
and
it has b
een carried
ou
t since th
en. Sim
ilarly, since 2
01
4, recyclers h
ave been
participating
in th
e parade in
the P
laza de A
rmas to
com
mem
orate th
e Day o
f the
Recycler an
d h
ave participated in
the raisin
g of th
e city flag.
LACK OF PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION: Th
e pro
ject co
uld
h
ave d
esigned
a
mo
re co
nscio
us
strategy to en
sure th
e involvem
ent o
f the private
sector in
the en
tire cycle of th
e Sou
rce Sortin
g and
Selective C
ollectio
n P
rogram
(PSF
yRS) in
terms o
f co
mm
un
ication
, dissem
inatio
n an
d w
aste sortin
g cam
paigns in
pub
lic and
private med
ia. Th
is way,
the private secto
r cou
ld h
ave been
part of th
is m
ulti-stakeh
old
er process an
d co
ntrib
uted
to th
e b
reakdo
wn
of stereo
typical gend
er roles an
d th
e so
cial stigma en
cou
ntered
in th
e sector.
THREATS TO THE CONTINUITY OF COMM
UNICATION ACTIONS: T
he completion of the project m
ay mean
that the continuity of com
munication and aw
areness actions w
ill not maintain the focus of social inclusion.
8
PARTICIPATORY DIMENSIONA
nalyze
the
role
s of th
e stake
ho
lde
rs in
the w
aste value ch
ain: th
e peo
ple th
at sort
waste, recycler asso
ciation
s, bu
sinesses, civil
society, u
niversities, po
licy makers (su
ch as th
e M
unicipal Environm
ental Com
missions) and the
Solid
Waste W
orkin
g Gro
ups
PROGRESS:
LIMITATIONS:
MUNICATION AND AW
ARENESS STRATEGIES BUILD SOCIAL AW
ARENESS: There has been a significant
amount and variety of aw
areness and comm
unication
material designed w
ith a gender approach: sector data disaggregated by sex, docum
entary videos of the project, portrayals of the situations of w
omen
and
men
through infographics
and accounts
of change due to w
omen. In this w
ay, an inclusive social conscience is contructed that breaks dow
n
stereotypes and offers an image of a w
orkforce in
which w
omen actively participate.
SYMBOLIC ACTIONS W
ITH GREAT TRANSFORMATIVE
POWER
, as an example, on W
omen's D
ay, in 20
16
the M
anagement for D
evelopment of the P
rovincial M
unicipality of Arequipa recognized the w
ork of w
omen recyclers, represented by D
orotea Chalco
G
aleano, president of the Nuevo M
undo Recyclers
Association, w
ho was aw
arded the honor of Illustrious W
oman by the city for her im
mense contribution to
environm
ental conservation1
5.
ACTIVE PARTICIPATION OF A WIDE VARIETY OF
STAKEHOLDERS: The project w
as able to attract the
interest and active participation of a wide netw
ork of
stakeholders that
play fundam
ental roles
in
environmental issues in the w
aste sector and poverty and gender area, from
ministries (including M
IMP
and its C
enter for Attention to W
oman and M
IDIS
and its Quali W
arma N
ational School Meal P
rogram)
to academia, civil society, recycler associations and
the private sector.
THE FUNDAM
ENTAL ROLE
OF VOLUNTEERS:
The
comm
itment
of volunteers
was
key, due
to
their dedication, empathy and sensitivity (w
omen
volunteers accounted for 8
0%
of the technical team).
This w
as fundamental to the success of the project.
12
65
74
3
ANALYSIS OF THE LESSONS LEARNED
55
RECOMMENDATIONS AND STRATEGIES FOR ACTION:
carry out a survey of house-holDs/institutions:
to
analyze
the
perception
s of n
eighb
ors, po
lice and
the
com
mu
nity w
ith respect to
the w
ork o
f recyclers. T
he o
bjective o
f this su
rvey w
ou
ld b
e to d
etermin
e action
s that co
n-
tribu
te to ch
angin
g the w
ay society per-
ceives recyclers.
DEFINE A STRATEGY FOR OBTAINING STRATEGIC: p
artners, w
hich
inclu
de th
e p
rivate secto
r, civil
society,
academ
ia an
d ed
ucatio
nal in
stitutio
ns an
d th
eir p
articipatio
n in
differen
t com
mu
nicatio
n
action
s with
an in
clusive ap
pro
ach.
12
65
74
3
ANALYSIS OF THE LESSONS LEARNED
57
The process presented in this docum
ent emerges as an innovative m
odel in the recycling value chain and has been consolidated as an initiative that operates w
ith key elements that endeavor to transform
social and power
relations through the development of regulatory schem
es that allow for
the development of an egalitarian, supportive and participatory m
arket that is in alignm
ent with the Sustainable D
evelopment G
oals (SDG
s). The
approach has focused on integrating social inclusion strategies such as poverty reduction, incorporating a gender approach and prom
oting youth
to provide solutions for sustainable and inclusive development in cities.
Th
e Areq
uipa experien
ce is the path
to a m
od
el that b
road
ens th
e kn
ow
ledge b
ase on
int
eg
ra
te
d s
olid
wa
st
e m
an
ag
em
en
t w
ith
a g
en
-
de
r fo
cu
s. T
he results and tools developed allow to continue developing
and
expand
ing a po
licy framew
ork fo
r integrated
solid
waste m
anage-
men
t at the n
ation
al level.T
he systematization of the lessons learned w
ith a gender approach
applied in its four dimensions show
s that this approach offers extremely
viable options for replication. The social and econom
ic advances that the project has generated constitutes a clear step forw
ard toward the revi-
talization of the recycling industry, the inclusion of recyclers in the solid
waste value chain and the generation of new
business opportunities, whi-
le also reducing environmental pollution. It has m
anaged to build an in-tervention m
odel that is transferable to other municipal contexts in P
eru, and other countries in the region.
5OPPORTUNITIES TO REPLICATE THE EXPERIENCE
34
62
75
1
OPPORTUNITIES TO REPLICATE THE EXPERIENCE
5859
•
Na
tio
na
l Pla
n fo
r In
te
gr
at
ed
So
lid W
as
te
Ma
na
ge
me
nt (P
LAN
RE
S 20
16
-20
24
), w
ith a fo
cus o
n red
ucin
g poverty as well as gen
der an
d yo
uth
. •
G
en
de
r a
nd
Clim
at
e C
ha
ng
e A
ct
ion
Pla
n (PA
GC
C).
•
Th
e In
for
ma
tio
n S
ys
te
m fo
r S
olid
Wa
st
e M
an
ag
em
en
t (SIG
ER
SOL), w
ith so
cial in
dicato
rs and
gend
er variables
•
En
vir
on
me
nta
l dia
gn
os
is and characterization study of P
ublic Cleaning Services.
•
Ge
nd
er d
iag
no
sis of public cleaning personnel and recyclers.
•
Tra
inin
g o
f re
cy
cle
rs (m
odules, courses and workshops)
•
Pla
n fo
r th
e In
teg
rate
d E
nv
iro
nm
en
tal M
an
ag
em
en
t of S
olid
Wa
ste
(PIG
AR
S) of the province of A
requipa 20
17
-20
28
, with a focus on inclusion and gender.
•
Gu
ide
for
inc
or
po
ra
tin
g a
sp
ec
ts
of g
en
de
r, poverty and green em
ployment in the
District P
lans fo
r Mu
nicipal So
lid W
aste Man
agemen
t•
F
orm
for th
e in
co
rp
ora
tion of social aspects in the district w
aste managem
ent plans•
Q
uestio
nn
aires for recyclers an
d clean
ing perso
nn
el•
G
uid
elin
es
for
th
e M
un
icip
al In
ce
nt
ive
Pr
og
ra
m
•
Gu
ide
for
Tr
ain
ing
Re
cy
cle
rs fo
r inclu
sion
in m
un
icipal form
alization
program
s
To
ols
for
int
eg
ra
te
d w
as
te
ma
na
ge
me
nt
wit
h p
ov
er
ty
, ge
nd
er
an
d y
ou
th
foc
us
Pilo
t e
xp
er
ien
ce
in t
he
mu
nic
ipa
lity
of A
re
qu
ipa
te
st
ed
an
d
ev
alu
at
ed
an
d w
ith
po
sit
ive
re
su
lts
Te
ch
nic
al g
uid
elin
es
for
so
lid w
as
te
ma
na
ge
me
nt
aim
ed
at
su
st
ain
ab
le a
nd
inc
lus
ive
de
ve
lop
me
nt
The model, due to its replicability, has the follow
ing favorable conditions:
The following elem
ents are necessary:
•
Po
litic
al w
ill: Sup
po
rt from
state offi
cials is key to en
surin
g the
mo
dern
ization
of so
lid w
aste man
agemen
t and
the im
provemen
t o
f pu
blic clean
ing services w
ith a so
cial and
inclu
sive app
roach
. C
urren
tly, the strategies an
d po
licies for so
lid w
aste man
agemen
t o
f the provin
cial mu
nicipality o
f Areq
uipa are fu
lly aligned
with
the
natio
nal p
riorities o
f the M
inistry o
f Enviro
nm
ent an
d th
ere are m
echan
isms in
place for in
stitutio
nal co
ord
inatio
n.
For this reason, it is essential that both the officials at the highest
level and the staff of the municipalities adopt a m
odel of equal oppor-tu
nity an
d in
corpo
rate it into
their m
anagem
ent in
dicato
r systems.
A system
that o
perates with
these in
tegrated variab
les is a decisi-
ve step forw
ard in
the im
plemen
tation
of pu
blic po
licies with
a gen-
der appro
ach in
an in
novative, su
stainab
le and
dem
ocratic m
ann
er an
d w
ill, over time, tran
sform
the provin
ces and
mu
nicipalities in
to
agents o
f chan
ge at the n
ation
al level.
•
A m
ult
idis
cip
lina
ry
te
ch
nic
al t
ea
m: It is fu
nd
amen
tal to h
ave a so
lid an
d co
hesive team
in th
e mu
nicip
ality, with
a high
level of
un
derstan
din
g of th
e situatio
n, w
ith th
e appropriate capacities to
estab
lish so
urce w
aste sortin
g and
selective collectio
n p
rogram
s (P
SFyR
S) that in
clud
e experts on
gend
er.
•
St
ra
te
gic
a
rt
icu
lat
ion
m
ec
ha
nis
ms
: a stro
ng
Mu
nicip
al
Enviro
nm
ental C
om
missio
n th
at favors participato
ry plann
ing an
d
mu
nicip
al integrated
waste m
anagem
ent p
olicies is essen
tial for
prom
otin
g dialo
gue am
on
g stakeho
lders, co
nsen
sus, in
ter-district
coo
rdin
ation
and
the participatio
n o
f organ
ized civil so
ciety.
•
Ar
tic
ula
tio
n w
ith
so
cia
l pr
og
ra
ms
: this facilitates th
e access of
recyclers to social programs, consid
ering they represent a segment
of th
e popu
lation
that lives in
, or is vu
lnerab
le to, extrem
e poverty.
•
Ac
ce
ss
to
cr
ed
it: a priority for the econom
ic empow
erment of this
sector is th
e effort to
con
nect w
ith th
e finan
cial sector an
d lin
k it to
the recyclin
g sector to
facilitate access to cred
it for asso
ciated
recyclers. Similarly, it w
ou
ld b
e advisab
le to h
ave credit lin
es that
address the needs of wom
en recyclers, who often have low
er incomes
and fewer bank guarantees.
"Formal jobs in the
recycling sector will stop being an aspiration by the tim
e there is a com
mitm
ent from every
individual and institution to recycling" Gregoria Cruz, Recycler, Asociación Recicla Vida
34
62
75
1
OPPORTUNITIES TO REPLICATE THE EXPERIENCE
61
6TOOLBOX
TO
OL
BO
X
Title
Descriptio
n
Gen
der an
d recyclin
g: Fro
m
theo
ry to actio
n. N
oteb
oo
k
1: T
heo
retical con
sideratio
ns
on gender, em
powerm
ent and
waste
Instruments to dissem
inate u
sefu
l practice
s for th
e p
roce
ss of e
nco
urag
ing
the gen
der m
ainstream
ing
pe
rspe
ctiv
e
in
soc
ial
pro
jects an
d, e
spe
cially, p
roje
cts with
wo
rkers in
th
e recycling secto
r.
Notebook 1
:
http://ww
w.w
iego.org/sites/d
efa
ult/file
s/reso
urce
s/file
s/D
ias
-Og
an
do
-G
e%
CC
%8
1n
er
o-y
-reciclaje-C
uaderno-1.pdf
Notebook 2
:
http://ww
w.w
iego.org/sites/d
efa
ult/file
s/reso
urce
s/file
s/D
ias
-Og
an
do
-G
e%
CC
%8
1n
er
o-y
-reciclaje-C
uaderno-2.pdf
Notebook 3
:
http://ww
w.w
iego.org/sites/d
efa
ult/file
s/reso
urce
s/file
s/
Dia
s-O
ga
nd
o-
Ge
%C
C%
81
ne
ro
-y-
reciclaje-Cuaderno-3
Gen
der an
d recyclin
g: Fro
m
theo
ry to actio
n.
No
tebo
ok 2
: Pro
ject design
, to
ols an
d reco
mm
end
ation
s
Gen
der an
d recyclin
g: Fro
m
theo
ry to actio
n.
No
tebo
ok 3
: Referen
ce ma-
terials
34
51
27
6TOOLBOX
6263
Gen
der an
d R
ecycling: To
ols
to d
esign an
d im
plemen
t pro
jects
Th
is Gu
ide is d
esigned
to b
e used
for
the
elab
oratio
n o
f pro
jects fo
r the
form
alization
of recyclers an
d th
eir integration in the recycling value chain. W
ith the application of the tools in the G
uide, their needs can be identified and
add
ressed in
all phases o
f the pro
ject cycle in ord
er to promote the creation
an
d stren
gthen
ing o
f spaces fo
r the
equ
itable participatio
n o
f wo
men
and
m
en in decision-making processes and the
allocation of project responsibilities.
https://reciclajeinclusivo.org/wp-content/
uploads/20
14
/08
/irr-gneroyreciclajeherram
ientasparaeldiseoeimplem
entacindeproyectos-1
40
72
20
93
30
1-phpapp0
2.pdf
Deb
ate Man
ual: W
om
en
recyclers
Man
ual to
discu
ss the au
ton
om
y of
wom
en recyclers and the transformation
of their relations w
ith men.
http
://ww
w.w
ieg
o.o
rg/site
s/wie
go
.o
rg/file
s/reso
urce
s/files/m
uje
res-
recicladores-baja.pdf
Gu
ide to
inco
rporate aspects
of gen
der, poverty an
d green
em
ploymen
t in th
e District
Plan
s for M
un
icipal Solid
W
aste Man
agemen
t (PM
RS)
This tool estab
lishes the guidelines for
officials in the municipalities of A
requipa to successfully incorporate social, gender, poverty and green em
ployment aspects
in their District P
lans for Municipal Solid
W
aste Man
agemen
t (PM
RS) th
at are aligned w
ith PIG
AR
S of the Province of
Arequipa 2
01
7- 2
02
8
http
://ww
w.m
un
iare
qu
ipa
.go
b.p
e/
de
scargas/g
estio
nm
ane
jore
sidu
os/
Gu
iaIn
clu
sion
Asp
ec
tosS
oc
iale
s/G
U%
C3
%8
DA
%2
0IN
CL
US
ION
%2
0A
SP
EC
TO
S%
20
SO
CIA
LE
S%
20
EN
%2
0P
MR
S.pd
f
File fo
r the in
corp
oratio
n o
f so
cial aspects in
the d
istrict w
aste managem
ent plans
From the incorporates social aspects in
the action plans (activities, targets and
indicators).
http
://ww
w.m
un
iare
qu
ipa
.go
b.p
e/
de
scargas/g
estio
nm
ane
jore
sidu
os/
Gu
iaIn
clu
sion
Asp
ec
tosS
oc
iale
s/A
NE
XO
%2
00
1%
20
FIC
HA
%2
0IN
CO
RP
OR
AC
I%C
3%
93
N%
20
SOC
IAL%
20
EN
%2
0P
LAN
%2
0D
E%
20
AC
CIO
N.pdf
34
51
27
6TOOLBOX
65
BIBLIOGRAPHY
7B
ID (2
01
3). G
énero
y Reciclaje:
Herram
ientas para el d
iseño
e im
plemen
tación
de proyecto
s. W
ashin
gton
, DC
.C
on
greso d
e la Repú
blica (s/f) Ley
de Igu
aldad
de O
portu
nid
ades
entre m
ujeres y h
om
bres, Law
N
o. 2
89
83
, Lima, P
eru.
Decreto
Legislativo N
o. 1
27
9 en
el cu
al se aprueb
a la Ley de G
estión
In
tegral de R
esidu
os Só
lido
s. 6
07
47
2, N
orm
as Legales, De-
cemb
er 23
, 20
16
. El P
eruan
o.
E.G
reene, Margaret &
Levack, A
ndrew (2
01
0). Synchronizing
Gender Strategies. A
Cooperative
Model for Im
proving Reproducti-
ve Health and Transform
ing Gen-
der Relations. W
ashington, DC
.F
lorisb
ela do
s Santo
s, An
na Lú
cia an
d D
e Pau
li, Liliana (2
00
5). E
s-tu
dio
sob
re la cuestió
n d
e género
en
la gestión
de resid
uo
s sólid
os
urb
ano
s en el E
stado
de M
éxico.
Tlaln
epantla, M
éxico.
Go
biern
o d
el Perú
(20
17
). Info
rme
Nacio
nal V
olu
ntario
sob
re la im-
plemen
tación
de la A
gend
a 20
30
para el D
esarrollo
Sosten
ible.
MIM
P (2
01
2). P
lan N
acion
al de
Iguald
ad d
e Gén
ero (2
01
2-
20
17
). Lima, P
eru.
MIM
P (2
01
4). La tran
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n d
el enfo
qu
e de gén
ero en
las po
líticas y la gestión
púb
lica. Lim
a, Peru
.M
INA
M (2
01
5). P
lan d
e Acció
n en
G
énero
y Cam
bio
Clim
ático.
Lima, P
eru.
MIN
AM
(20
16
). Plan
Nacio
nal d
e G
estión
Integral d
e Resid
uo
s Só
lido
s (20
16
-20
14
). Lima, P
eru.
MIN
AM
, PE
I-PE
RU
and
UN
DP
(2
01
7). P
lan In
tegral de G
estión
d
e Resid
uo
s Sólid
os (P
IGA
RS
20
17
-20
28
) de la P
rovincia d
e A
requ
ipa.M
INA
M (2
01
7-2
02
7). P
lan N
a-cio
nal d
e Gestió
n In
tegral de
Resid
uo
s Sólid
os. Lim
a, Peru
.M
uller, M
aria S. and
An
ne Sch
ein-
berg (2
00
7). G
end
er and
Urb
an
Waste M
anagem
ent.
Reglam
ento
de Ley N
o. 2
94
19
qu
e regu
la la actividad
de lo
s Reci-
clado
res, decreto
suprem
o N
o.
00
5-2
01
0-M
INA
M. Ju
ly, 20
10
, E
l Peru
ano
.R
iofrío
, Gu
stavo an
d C
abrera,
Teresa (20
12
). Trabajad
oras po
r la C
iud
ad: A
porte d
e las mu
jeres a la gestió
n am
bien
tal de lo
s re-sid
uo
s sólid
os en
Am
érica Latina.
Lima, P
eru.
UN
DP
(20
12
). Waste P
ickers, a gen
dered
perspective.W
IEG
O (2
01
5). G
énero
y reciclaje: D
e la teoría a la acció
n. N
ote-
bo
ok 1
, 2 an
d 3
.W
rigley-Assan
te, Ch
arlotte (2
01
3).
Un
raveling th
e health
-related
challen
ges of w
om
en in
the
info
rmal eco
no
my: acco
un
ts of
wo
men
in cro
ss-bo
rder trad
ing
in A
ccra, Gh
ana.
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26
7BIBLIOGRAPHY
Gend
er a
ppro
ach
appl
ied to
Inte
grat
ed S
olid
Wast
e Man
agem
ent i
n Pe
ruLe
sson
s lea
rned
and t
ools
for a
susta
inable
and i
nclus
ive de
velop
ment
GENDER APPROACH APPLIED TO INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN PERULessons learned and tools for a sustainable and inclusive development
DONORS