Perspective on Effective Leadership Behaviour

Pertemuan 6OFC

Matakuliah : G0934 / Leadership and OrganisationTahun : 2007

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Learning OutcomesAfter studying this chapter students should be able to:• Understand what research methods have been used to study leadership behaviour. • Understand the findings in the early research on leadership behaviour.• Understand how leadership behaviour can be described with either broad or specific

categories.• Understand the different methods for developing taxonomies of leadership behaviour.• Understand why task and relations behaviour are important for leadership

effectiveness.• Understand how specific types of task and relations behaviour can be used effectively.• Understand why it is useful to classify leadership behaviour in terms of a three-

dimensional model.• Understand the contributions and limitations of the behaviour approach.

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Outline Materi• The Ohio State Leadership Studies• The Michigan Leadership Studies• Limitation of Survey Research• Experiments on Task and Relations Behaviour• Research Using Critical Incidents• The High-High Leader• Leadership Behaviour Taxonomies• Specific Task Behaviour• Specific Relations Behaviours• Evaluation of the Behaviour Approach

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Perspective on Effective Leadership Behaviour

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• An integrating framework for Classifying Behaviour

T

C

R

TWO Alternative Conceptions of Task, Relations, and Change-Oriented Behavior

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Change OrientedChange Oriented

Task OrientedTask Oriented

Relations OrientedRelations Oriented

A specific leadership behavior will involve a mix of;

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Specific task Behaviour

• Planning work activities– Planning means deciding what to do, how to do it, who

will do it and when it will be done.– Planning is largely a cognitive activity involving

processing of information, analyzing, and deciding.– Planning is most observable when a manager takes

action to implement plans by communicating them to others and making specific task assignment.

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• Guidelines for action planning

Identify necessary action steps

Identify the optimal sequence Of action steps

Estimate the time neededTo carry out each action step

Estimate the cost ofEach action step

Determine starting times andDeadlines for each action step

Determine who will be accountableFor each action step

Develop procedures for monitoring progress

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• Clarifying roles and objectives– Defining job responsibilities– Assigning work– Setting performance goals

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• Monitoring Operations– Identify and measure key performance indicators– Monitor key process variables as well as outcomes– Measure progress against plans and budgets– Develop independent source of information about performance– Observe operations directly when it is feasible– Ask specific questions about the work– Encourage reporting of problems and mistakes– Conduct periodic progress review meetings

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Specific relations behaviour

• Supporting

• Developing

• Recognizing

Guidelines

Guidelines

Guidelines

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Evaluation of the behaviourapproach

Evaluation of the behaviourapproach

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Closing• Summary

– Two broadly defined categories of behavior– Leadership taxonomies– Key task-oriented behaviours that jointly affect

subordinate performance.– Key relations-oriented behaviours

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•Review and Discussion Questions•Cases

‘Consolidated Products’•Companion Website : Exercises and Reading