PERSONALITY & ATTITUDES (2)

8/7/2019 PERSONALITY & ATTITUDES (2)

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PERSONALITY &

ATTITUDES



PERSONALITY

Personality of an individual affects human

behaviour.

Personality is the sum total of an individual¶s

psycho-physical systems that determinehis/her behaviour in a given

environment/situation.

Personality differs from person to person

depending on their varying psycho-physical

aspects.



Definition

Personality can be defined as the sum total of ways

in which an individual reacts and interacts with

others and environment.

In other words, personality is an organisedbehaviour of an individual to react to a given

stimulus in a set manner. This is most often in the

form of consistent response to environmental

stimuli. An individual¶s personality is influenced by the

personal life and where he/she is working.



Determinants of Personality

The determinants of personality are broadly

classified into three groups, namely,

Heredity

Environment and

Situation



Heredity

Heredity refers to biological factors

It is a transmission of qualities from the

parents to the children through a biologicalmechanism.

Eg.: Physical features ± facial attractiveness,

muscle composition.



Environment

The environment, i.e., one¶s early

conditioning, the family norms, friends and

social groups exerts pressures on one¶s

personality formation.

Culture establishes the norms, attitudes and

values that are passed along from generation

to generation.



Situation

The individual¶s personality does change

depending on situation.

Because the different demands of thedifferent situations call forth different aspects

of one¶s personality.

Eg.: the same person behaves differently

while facing an employment interview andwhile on picnic with his/her friends in a public

park.



ATTITUDE

Concept of Attitude

Attitudes are evaluative statements.

They respond one¶s feeling either favourablyor unfavourably to persons, objects or/and

events.

In other words, attitudes reflect how one feels

about something.



Salient Features

The Salient features of attitudes flowing from abovedefinitions are summarized as follows: Attitudes are related to the feelings and beliefs of people.

Attitudes respond to persons, objects or events.

Attitudes affect behaviour either positively or negatively.

Attitudes undergo changes.

Attitudes affect perception and, in turn, behaviour.

This underlines the need for managers to

understand different types of attitudes and their formation, how attitudes are measured and whatcauses change in attitudes.



Change of A ttitude

Attitudes affect behaviour. Hence, it is in theinterest of the organisation to try for thefavourable change in the attitudes. The

following are some important ways that canbe used for changing attitudes. Filling in the Information Gap

Use of Fear

Resolving Discrepancies Impact of Peers

The Coopting Approach



Job Satisfaction

Job satisfaction means good or positive

attitude or feeling toward one¶s job. It is

important to mention that an individual may

hold different attitudes toward various

aspects of the job.

For example, a university Professor may like

his job responsibilities but be dissatisfied withthe opportunities for promotion.



Determinants of Job Satisfaction

Nature of Work

Pay and Promotion

Quality of Supervision Supportive Colleagues

Conducive Working Conditions

PERSONALITY & ATTITUDES (2)

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