Personality

PersonalityPersonality does not mean a person has a charm, a positive attitude towards life or a constantly a smiling face.

PersonalityAccording to psychologists personality is a dynamic concept which describes the growth and development of persons whole psychological system.

For our purposes, one should think of personality as the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interact with others.

Personality Enduring characteristics that describe an individuals behavior.Every manager need suitable employer for organization.Personality tests are useful in hiring decisions and help managers forecast who is best for job.

How personality is measured?There are two most commonly use personality tests in measuring personality. 1- Self-Report Surveys 2- Observer Rating Surveys

Personality determinantsThese are main determinants of personality.1- Heredity 2- Environment3- Situation4- Culture5- Family and Social background

Heredity approach argues that the ultimate explanation of an individuals personality is the molecular structure of the genes located in the chromosomes.Environment approach argues that personality changes as people dependence on others tend to increase over time.Like in early childhood role of primary group is strong. But later on secondary group and peer group play an important role.

The Mayers-Briggs type indicatorThe Mayers Briggs type indicator is the most widely used personality assessment instrument in the world.it is a 100 question test that ask people how they usually feel or act in particular situations.Respondents are classified into these categories:Extraverted, introverted, sensing, intuitive, thinking, feeling, judging and perceiving.

Extraverted versus Introverted:Extraverted individuals are outgoing,socialable and assertive. Introverts are quiet and shy.Sensing versus Intuitive:Sensing are practical and prefer routine and order. They focus on details.Intuitives rely on unconscious processes and look at the big picture.Thinking versus Feeling: Thinking types use reason and logic to handle problems while other rely on their personal values and emotions.Judging versus Perceiving:Judging types want control and prefer order while other are flexible and spontaneous.

The Big Five personality modelPresent researches supports the big five personality model.It covers the five basic dimensions underlie all others and compasses most of the significant variation in human personality.Here are these dimension:ExtraversionAgreeablenessConscientiousnessEmotional stabilityOpenness to experience

Extraversion: this capture our comfort level with relations. Extraverts tend to be assertive and sociable. Introverts tend to be timid and quiet.Agreeableness: the individuals ability to defer to others. High agreeable people are warm and trusting and low level people are cold and antagonistic. Conscientiousness: is a measure of reliability. A high conscientious person is responsible and organized. Low level are disorganized and unreliable.

Emotional stability: shows a persons ability to withstand stress. People with positive emotional stability tend to be calm, self-confident and secure.Openness to experience: show the range of interest and fascination with novelty. Extremely open people are creative and sensitive. Other end people are conventional.