Persistent Aquatic Living Sensors - darpa.mil · Approved for Public Release, Distribution...

2 March 2018

Lori Adornato, Ph.D.Program Manager, Biological Technologies Office (BTO)

Technical Program OverviewSlides will be available on the DARPA opportunities page shortly

Persistent Aquatic Living Sensors

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PALS Agenda

Start End Duration (Hr:Min) Item

8:00 a.m. 8:50 a.m. 0:50 Registration/continental breakfast and Poster set-up

8:50 a.m. 9:00 a.m. 0:10Welcome, Introductions and LogisticsDr. Lori Adornato, Program Manager, DARPA/BTOMs. Renee Besanson, Meeting Coordinator

9:00 a.m. 9:15 a.m. 0:15 Remarks from BTO LeadershipDr. Justin Sanchez, Director, DARPA/BTO

9:15 a.m. 10:00 a.m. 0:45 Persistent Aquatic Living Sensors (PALS) Technical Program OverviewDr. Lori Adornato, Program Manager, DARPA/BTO

10:00 a.m. 10:20 a.m. 0:20 StilettoMr. Dennis Danko, Stiletto Maritime Demonstration Program Manager, NSWC

10:20 a.m. 11:00 a.m. 0:40 Poster Session/Networking Questions collected by the DARPA team

11:00 a.m. 12:00 p.m. 1:00

Persistent Aquatic Living Sensors BAA OverviewDr. Lori Adornato, Program Manager, DARPA/BTOMr. Peter Donaghue, Contracting Officer, DARPA/CMOMr. David Swan, BAA Coordinator/DARPA/BTOMs. Elizabeth Kilpatrick, SETA/DARPA/BTO

12:00 p.m. 12:45 p.m. 0:45 Working Lunch/Poster Session/Networking Questions collected by the DARPA team

12:45 p.m. 1:05 p.m. 0:20 UNOLSMr. Tim Schnoor, Ocean Research Facilities Manager, ONR

1:05 p.m. 1:25 p.m. 0:20 IV&VDr. Dave Jansing, Remote Sensing and Data Scientist, JHU-APL

1:25 p.m. 2:25 p.m. 1:00 Lightning Round Talks - Proposer Introductions

2:25 p.m. 3:15 p.m. 0:50 Poster Session/Networking Questions collected by the DARPA team

3:15 p.m. 3:30 p.m. 0:15 Closing remarks/Meeting officially adjourns

3:30 p.m. TBD p.m. 5 min each One on one meetings with newly formed PALS proposing teams (sign up at meeting)

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PALS Program Proposers Day Objectives

• To introduce the Persistent Aquatic Living Sensors (PALS) program vision and goals to the science and technology community (industry, academia, and government)

• To explain the logistics of DARPA contract awards, as well as the objectives of the PALS program

• To encourage and promote teaming arrangements among organizations that have the necessary expertise, facilities, and capabilities to meet research objectives established by the PALS program.

• To highlight the importance of meeting all metrics, especially those in Phase 1


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DARPA Intros: Government Team

Michael SmithDARPA

Program Security Officer

Jared AdamsDARPA

Public Affairs Office

Lori AdornatoDARPA Biological Technologies

Office, Program Manager

Peter DonaghueDARPA

Contracts Management Office


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DARPA Intros: Support Team

Janine BruhnDARPA SETA

Business/Financial

Justin ManzoDARPA SETA

Technical

Jacob GoodwinDARPA SETA

Technical

Tabitha EllisDARPA BTO

Security

David SwanDARPA SETA

BTO BAA CoordinatorApproved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited.

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Presentation Outline

54 PHASING

3 APPROACH1 VISION

DEMOS ANDTIMELINE

2 NEED


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Program Vision

54 PHASING

3 APPROACH1 VISION

DEMOS ANDTIMELINE

2 NEED


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Vision for a New Means of Detection

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Goals:• Detect underwater targets by leveraging biological signals emitted by natural or

engineered marine organisms• Develop a system to translate biological signals into tactically relevant information


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Program Need

54 PROGRAMPHASING

3 APPROACH1 VISION

DEMOS ANDSCHEDULE

2 NEED


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Need for Detection

Despite advances in sensor systems for submarine and underwater vehicle monitoring, spatial and temporal coverage of maritime environments still suffers from numerous gaps.

Gaps/Limitations

Lack of persistence

External power and communications cable

Monitors smaller specific, targeted area

Noisy or cluttered environments


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Need for Ocean Monitoring

Environment CharacteristicsReef Low turbidity, shallow depths, and strong light penetration in salt water

Strait Variable turbidity and light penetration in salt water

River outflow/estuary High turbidity in brackish water

Continental shelf/other Greater depths, lower light penetration, and large coverage areas in salt waterBAA: Table 1, page 6.

Continental ShelfRiver plume

Reef Strait

Continental shelf


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Program Approach

54 PHASING

3 APPROACH1 VISION

DEMOS ANDTIMELINE

2 NEED


Approach: Biology as a Sensor

Lateral LineDetect currents, pressure and the

direction of the source of oscillation as well as its direction and speed;

some also used for electroreception

VisionVisible spectrum, ultraviolet,

and polarization;low light adaptations use

retroreflectors

ChemoreceptionSome species detect chemicals at 1 ppm and

can sense the direction of the chemical source (e.g. salmon)

AcousticFish can detect sound and

determine direction and speed of target up to 25 km away (1-180 kHz)

Biological Sensor AttributesNatural sensors are persistent, providing continual monitoring of deployment area

Unlimited, self-powered natural sensor element

Biology is ubiquitous

Organism noise exploited as input signal

Current Gaps/Limitations

Lacks persistence

Requires external power and communications cable

Monitors smaller specific, targeted area

Quality suffers in noisy or cluttered environments

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Image from: University of Texas

Image from: The Spruce


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Technical Areas

Harness or engineer organism phenotypes and behaviors to detect targets and produce unique, measurable response signals, then combine with detector systems to generate actionable alerts

TA 1: Characterize biological signal TA 2: Interpret biological signal

Technical Challenges• Find or design organisms with

appropriate unique measurable signal • Distinguish target signal of interest from

background noise

Technical Challenges• Identify detector systems to capture

natural sensor signals• Develop algorithms to accurately

characterize target signals

Detect Analyze Distill

Proposals must respond to both TA’s!!!!!


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Goal: Identify and leverage unique, measurable living sensor phenomenology for maritime platform detection

Technical Approach• Build or leverage natural organisms to produce response to target set• Characterize natural response to ensure adequate sensitivity and specificity• No marine mammals• Engineered organisms in biocontainment only

Transducer Unique signalTarget

Technical Area 1: Characterize Biological Signal


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Technical Area 2: Interpret Biological Signal

Goal: Develop detection technology to distill unique biological signals into alerts

Technical Approach• Detect and ingest unique natural signal • Develop robust algorithms to classify target details• Implement detection and alerting capabilities on physical hardware• Integrate hardware onto COTS platform to withstand marine deployment

UNCLASMSGID/IIR/CTF123//REF/A/232606Z//ITEMTYP/PERISHABLE ITEMS//LOC/GEO:574920N1055782E//TGTPOS/04/SUBMARINE/574620N1055627E/4KTS/BR:0582//

Standard report

Uniquesignal Detection Analysis Distillation


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Program Phasing

54 PHASING

3 APPROACH1 VISION

DEMOS ANDTIMELINE

2 NEED


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Tank / benchtop environment(representative)

Benchtop maritime image sensor

100 m2 seawater tanks, Univ. S. Miss.

Phase 1 Metrics

• 95% object detection at 1 meter

• Sensitivity of 0.60 at 1 meter and 0.25 at 10 meters

• Specificity of 0.60 at 1 meter and 0.25 at 10 meters

• Successful target size reported

Phase 1 (18 mo): Metrics and Test Environment

BAA: Table 3, page 13


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Phase 1 (18 mo): Milestones and Deliverables

TA 1 TA 2Milestones Deliverables Milestones Deliverables

• Technical interchange meeting 1

• For engineered organisms only: Month 2, organism design

• Preliminary design review of hardware/software prototypes

• Month 6: Final prototype design

• Preliminary design review of organism selection/engineering

• Month 7: Mid-phase demonstration test plan

• Critical design review of hardware/software prototypes

• Month 15: One prototype system of biological organisms and necessary hardware/software to detect biological signals provided to IV&V team

• Characterization response of organism(s) to target or target proxy

• Month 10: Phase 1 mid-phase demonstration report 30 days after demo

• Demonstrate benchtop hardware and software developed to perform detection

• Month 16: Code report on algorithms used to characterize biological signal

• Produce training data sets for TA2 algorithm development

• Month 12: Report containing risk table and mitigation plan

• Construct initial algorithm to discriminate target signal from noise

• Host mid-phase demonstration

• Month 16: Report on Phase 1 IV&V test results and Phase 2 task plan (30 days after test)

• Generate design for packaged system to be constructed in Phase 2

• Facilitate IV&V tests to quantify detection performance and target discrimination at 1 and 10 m standoff


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Simulated ecosystem(representative)

Georgia Aquarium

• Increased scope and scale• More interference• Longer deployments of full system• Less control over environment

Phase 2 Metrics

• 95% detection at 10 meter

• Sensitivity of 0.90 at 10 meters, 0.70 at 100 meters and 0.25 at 500 meters

• Specificity of 0.90 at 10 meters, 0.70 at 100 meters and 0.25 at 500 meters

• Successful target bearing +/- 22.5 degrees reported

• 30 day hardware endurance

• 10 minutes from detection to report




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TA 1 TA 2

Milestones Deliverables Milestones Deliverables


• Month 20: Environmental assessment and permit documents

• Preliminary design review of hardware/software system

• Month 24: Phase 2 system design

• Characterize organismal response to target in presence of confounders

• Month 24: Mid-phase demonstration plan

• Critical design review of hardware/software system

• Month 34: Provide two fully integrated systems to IV&V team for endurance and performance testing

• Produce training data sets in simulated ecosystem environment

• Month 28: Mid-phase demonstration report

• Construct refined algorithms based on simulated ecosystem data

• Month 35: Updated code report on algorithms used to characterize biological signal

• Host mid-phase demonstration

• Month 32: Report containing the ROC curve and risk table with mitigation plan

• Package hardware system for 30 day marine endurance test

• Facilitate IV&V tests for sensitivity and specificity at 10, 100, and 500 m

• Month 35: Phase 2 IV&V test results and Phase 3 task plan (30 days after demo)

• Develop target bearing algorithm

• For engineered organisms only: demonstrate 2 safeguard systems

• Produce alert reporting scheme


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Objective environment(representative)

• Real-world environment• Uncontrolled interference and biological sensor density

• Unconstrained system boundaries

Phase 3 Metrics

• 95% detection at 100 meter

• Sensitivity of 0.90 at 100 meters and 0.70 at 500 meters

• Specificity of 0.90 at 100 meters and 0.70 at 500 meters

• Successful target bearing +/- 15 degrees reported

• 60 day hardware endurance

• 5 minutes from detection to report




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TA 1 TA 2

Milestones Deliverables Milestones Deliverables


• Month 38: Updated environmental assessment and permit documents

• Produce or adapt hardware for 60 day endurance test

• Month 45: Provide two fully integrated systems to IV&V team for endurance and performance testing

• Characterize organismal response to target in real world environment

• Month 47: Final Report on IV&V test results (30 days after test)

• Develop refined algorithms based on real world environmental data

• Facilitate IV&V tests for sensitivity and specificity at 100 and 500 m

• Develop improved bearing scheme

• Produce improved alert reporting scheme



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Standoff Distance Definition

Total standoff distance may be apportioned between the biological sensor (TA1 component) and man-made detector (TA2 component) in the manner chosen by the performer.


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Program Demonstrations and Timeline

54 PHASING

3 APPROACH1 VISION

DEMOS ANDTIMELINE

2 NEED


Demonstrations and IV&V Testing

Mid-Phase Demonstrations - Phases 1 & 2

• Planned, coordinated, and conducted by performers and observed by Government team• Conducted at performer’s location (e.g. lab/bench-top demo; representative tank) or, when

required, a marine environment appropriate for the performer’s biological organisms• Intended to allow performers the opportunity to show consistent progress towards reaching

milestones and meeting prescribed metrics

End-of-Phase Independent Verification and Validation (IV&V) TestingPhases 1, 2, & 3

• Planned and conducted by third-party IV&V team, in coordination with performers• Down-selection after Phase 1 based on results of IV&V tests• Two Parts:

• Performance Testing (Phases 1-3)• Conducted at location appropriate for performer’s biological organisms, as agreed to

by performer and IV&V team• Intended to test and verify performance metrics (e.g. detection & discrimination of

targets)• Duration Testing (Phases 2-3)

• Conducted at one location, as chosen by IV&V team• Performers to provide complete system• Intended to test and verify endurance, functionality, and durability

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Program Schedule

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Technology Transition

Concept

Basic R&D

AdvancedPrototype

EarlyPrototype

Product

Adoption

TransitionPartnering

Applied R&DFunding

PALS

Pro

gram Po

st-P

rogr

am


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Closing Thoughts


This program will support biological research conducted in containment and will not support proposals that include uncontained environmental release of engineered organisms.

• All engineered organisms must remain entirely in secure biocontainment for the duration of the program. (BAA, Page 7)

• A minimum of two safeguards (e.g., encapsulation, limited nutrient supply, sensitivity to salt water, etc.) must be included as part of the envisioned concept of operations, implying that the response to target occurs with the safeguards in place. (BAA, Page 7)

Biosafety (for Engineered Organisms)

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Please review the BAA carefully regarding biosafety!


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Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI)

To prevent the release of sensitive technical information, certain aspects of proposals may be considered CUI and may require safeguarding or dissemination controls, pursuant to and consistent with applicable laws, regulations, and government-wide policies to include Department of Defense Manual 5200.01 Volume 4. CUI as defined is not classified under Executive Order 13526 or the Atomic Energy Act, as amended. (BAA, Page 18).

Please review the BAA carefully regarding CUI!


Term DefinitionBAA Broad Agency Announcement: Document outlining proposal expectations, similar to RFP (Request for Proposals) from other

funding agencies

BTO Biological Technologies Office; one of six DARPA technical offices

CMO DARPA Contract Management Office

CTI/CUI Controlled Technical Information/Controlled Unclassified InformationC-UUV Counter UUVDARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency

Demonstration/Demo A demonstration, typically at the end of a contract phase, that meets measurables/milestones as outlined in DARPA BAAs

DoD United States Department of DefenseM/UUV Manned or Unmanned Underwater VehiclePALS Persistent Aquatic Living SensorsPhase Temporal period of a proposal/contract with specific goals/emphasisPOC Point of Contact

Prime/Lead PI The primary lead / principal investigator in a BAA proposal and subsequent contract

Program Manager DARPA leadership position at the office level. Define their own programs, set milestones, meet with their performers and assiduously track progress

Proposal Abstract A concise version of the proposal comprising a maximum of 6 pages including all figures, tables, and charts

Proposer Those submitting a proposal to a DARPA BAA

SETA Scientific, Engineering and Technical Assistance Personnel: DARPA contract position that acts in professional/expert supportto offices and program mangers

SOW Statement of Work: a detailed task breakdown and their connection to the interim milestones and program metrics

Sub/Co-PI A subordinate (to the prime) or subcontracted investigator in a BAA proposal and subsequent contractUUV Unmanned Underwater Vehicle

Acronym / Terminology Glossary

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