Peroneal Nerve Injury

Presented by Usman farooq

Student Doctor of Physical Therapy

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COMMON PERONEAL NERVE

• The common peroneal nerve branches from the sciatic nerve. It includes the deep and superficial peroneal branches. These nerves provide sensation to the anterior (front) and lateral (side) parts of the legs and to the top of the feet. They innervate muscles in the legs which lift the ankle and toes upward (dorsi flexion).

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dermatomes

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• Anatomy Formed by: Axons from L4, L5, S1 & S2 root

• Deep peroneal nerve passes through: Anterior tarsal tunnel

• Divides into lateral and medial terminal branches• Lateral terminal branch: Supplies Extensor digitorum brevis &

Extensor hallucis brevis• Medial terminal branch• Supplies adjacent sides of great & 2nd toes (92%)• Absent in 8%: Muslces supplied by Superficial peroneal

nerve

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• Branches – Common peroneal in popliteal fossa: Sensory – Superficial peroneal

• Motor – Peroneus brevis – Peroneus longus – Accessory deep peroneal branch: Innervates Extensor digitorum brevis

• Cutaneous sensory – Lower leg: Anterolateral – Foot: Dorsum, except between 1st 2 toes – Medial & Intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerves of foot

– Deep peroneal • Motor branches in leg

– Tibialis anterior – Extensor hallucis & Extensor digitorum longus – Peroneus tertius

• Lateral terminal branch in foot – Extensor digitorum brevis

» May also be innervated by accessory deep peroneal from superficial peroneal (28%) – Cutaneous: Skin between 1st & 2nd toes

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PERONEAL NERVE INJURY

• peroneal nerve injury (also called foot drop or drop foot), is a peripheral nerve injury that affects a patient’s ability to lift the foot at the ankle.

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A foot drop

• Causes of peroneal nerve injury (foot drop)• Foot drop injury can be caused by an injury to the spinal

cord or • from other underlying diseases, such as

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)• , multiple sclerosis (MS), • Parkinson's disease.• Sometimes, drop foot is a complication from hip

replacement surgery, or other injuries (e.g., knee or joint dislocation or fracture, herniated disc).

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• Symptoms of peroneal nerve injury (foot drop)• Symptoms of peroneal nerve injury (foot drop) may

include:• Inability to point toes toward the body (dorsi flexion)• Pain• Weakness• Numbness (on the shin or top of the foot)• Loss of function of foot• High-stepping walk (called steppage gait or footdrop

gait)

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THANK You

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Questions?