Permanent canines

Name: Mohammed Name: Mohammed Hasan AlhakariHasan Alhakari

Department: DentistryDepartment: Dentistry

General Description of General Description of Canines:Canines:

The The “single”“single” members of the dental members of the dental arches.arches.

The mostThe most stable stable teeth in the dental teeth in the dental arches.arches.

Their roots are the longest Their roots are the longest (16.2 mm)(16.2 mm) and thickest “ and thickest “ labiolingually”.labiolingually”.

Well anchored in the alveolar boneWell anchored in the alveolar bone last teeth to be lost.last teeth to be lost.

General DescriptionGeneral Description

They are referred to as the They are referred to as the “corner “corner stones”stones” of the dental arches of the dental arches help help to to supportsupport the facial musculature. the facial musculature.

The only teeth in the dentition The only teeth in the dentition possessing possessing a single conical cuspa single conical cusp..

The only cusped teeth that has The only cusped teeth that has functional functional lingual surfacelingual surface rather than rather than

an occlusal surface.an occlusal surface.

Morphology of Maxillary Morphology of Maxillary Canine:Canine:

The maxillary canine, one of the The maxillary canine, one of the last last teeth to appear in the oral teeth to appear in the oral cavity, erupts toward the end of cavity, erupts toward the end of

the the 11th year11th year of age. of age.

** It isIt is larger larger than the mandibular than the mandibular caninecanine [arch trait].[arch trait].

Labial AspectLabial Aspect

1) Crown1) Crown

** The facial side made up of threeThe facial side made up of three lobes like the incisor and thelobes like the incisor and the cingulumcingulum on the lingual side on the lingual side is is the the fourth lobes.fourth lobes.

** Labial ridge and shallow Labial ridge and shallow depressions present. depressions present.


a. Crown Outline: a. Crown Outline:

* * Mesial sideMesial side broadly convex inbroadly convex in the middlethe middle and and

flat in cervical flat in cervical

* * Distal sideDistal side convex in the middle convex in the middle and slightly and slightly

conccave conccave in the in the cervicalcervical

Labial Labial AspectAspect

b. Cuspb. Cusp

* * It has It has Mesial slope Mesial slope (Shorter than D)(Shorter than D)

Distal slopeDistal slope

** Cusp tip is Cusp tip is centeredcentered on the on the root axis line.root axis line.

** Cusp slopes and the cusp Cusp slopes and the cusp make up make up one thirdone third of the of the

cervicoincisal cervicoincisal lengthlengthof of the the

crown.crown.



c. Contact Areac. Contact Area

* * MesialMesial at the junctionat the junction

of the incisal and of the incisal and middle thirds. middle thirds.

Closer to the Closer to the cusp tip than cusp tip than

D.C.A. D.C.A.

c. Contact Areac. Contact Area

* * DistalDistal in the middle third, in the middle third, which is more which is more cervically located cervically located

than M.C.A.than M.C.A. 2) Root2) Root

* * It is long, slender and conical. It is long, slender and conical.* * The apical third is narrow M.D. The apical third is narrow M.D.

** The apex may be pointed and The apex may be pointed and bends distally.bends distally.

Lingual AspectLingual Aspect

1) Crown1) Crown

a. a. Lingual ridge and fossa:Lingual ridge and fossa:

** Lingual ridgeLingual ridge running running cervicoincisally from thecervicoincisally from the

cusp tip to the cingulum. cusp tip to the cingulum.

** M. & D. M. & D. lingual fossalingual fossa lie on lie on either side of L.R. and are either side of L.R. and are

shallows shallows

b. b. CingulumCingulum - - large and centeredlarge and centered

c. c. Marginal ridges:Marginal ridges:

** Lingual ridge is prominentLingual ridge is prominent

* * DMR is slightly elevated DMR is slightly elevated than M.M.R. than M.M.R.

** M.M.R. is longer that M.M.R. is longer that

D.M.R. D.M.R. b/cb/c of of shorter M. Cusp slope.shorter M. Cusp slope.


2) Root2) Root

** It is narrower on the lingual It is narrower on the lingual side than labial side. side than labial side.

* * Possible to see both sides Possible to see both sides

of the root and of the root and longitudinallongitudinal

depressions.depressions.


Proximal AspectsProximal Aspects CrownCrown

Wedge shaped crown with bulky Wedge shaped crown with bulky cuspcusp b/c b/c of the labial and lingual of the labial and lingual

ridge. ridge.

a. Crest of curvaturea. Crest of curvature -- LabiallyLabially in the cervical third. in the cervical third. - - LinguallyLingually in the cervical third, in the cervical third,

on the cingulum. on the cingulum.

b. Cervical lineb. Cervical line

- Mesially- Mesially it curves incisally it curves incisally quite a bit. quite a bit.

Curvature is greater on Curvature is greater on MM. than . than D.D. and less than incisors. and less than incisors.

Proximal AspectsProximal Aspects

RootRoot

Broad faciolingually in its Broad faciolingually in its cervical and middle third.cervical and middle third.

Labial outline is slightly Labial outline is slightly convexconvex..

Lingual outline is more Lingual outline is more convex. convex.

M & D longitudinal M & D longitudinal depression, depression, distally distally is is more distinct.more distinct.

Incisal AspectIncisal Aspect

* * Crown outline is not Crown outline is not symmetrical.symmetrical.

* * Labiolingual dimension is Labiolingual dimension is slightly greater than M.D. slightly greater than M.D.

Like mand. inc.Like mand. inc.

Unlike max. incUnlike max. inc

..

* * The cusp and cusp slopes lie The cusp and cusp slopes lie labial labial to MD axis line of the to MD axis line of the

root and they traverse in a root and they traverse in a straightstraight line mesioditally. line mesioditally.

** The cingulum is large The cingulum is large and and centrallycentrally located. located.


** Labial surface is convex Labial surface is convex

- - Labial ridge is prominentLabial ridge is prominent- - MM. half of labial outline is . half of labial outline is quite quite convex.convex.

-- D.D. half is frequently half is frequently concaveconcave giving the appearance that giving the appearance that

it has been it has been pinched F.L.pinched F.L. (to distinguish Rt. from (to distinguish Rt. from

Lt. Max. canine) Lt. Max. canine)


Incisal Incisal AspectAspect

** Lingual ridgeLingual ridge divides the divides the lingual lingual surface into half with surface into half with shallow shallow fossafossa on each side. on each side.

General Description of Mandibular General Description of Mandibular Canine:Canine:

Mandibular canine is larger than Mandibular canine is larger than mandibular incisors in length and in MD mandibular incisors in length and in MD

width. width. [class trait][class trait]

The first member of its class to appear in The first member of its class to appear in the oral cavitythe oral cavity.[11 years].[11 years]

Relative to the maxillary canine, it is Relative to the maxillary canine, it is narrower MD and longer inciso-cervically. narrower MD and longer inciso-cervically. [arch trait][arch trait]


** Labial surface is smooth and Labial surface is smooth and convex. convex.

** Labial ridge is present but is Labial ridge is present but is not pronounced as on max. not pronounced as on max. canine. canine. [arch trait][arch trait]

* * Shallow vertical depression Shallow vertical depression on either side of labial ridge.on either side of labial ridge.


1. Crown1. Crown* * It appears long It appears long (11 mm)(11 mm) and and

narrow MD narrow MD (6.8 mm)(6.8 mm) than than maxillary canine maxillary canine [arch trait][arch trait]

* Mesial side* Mesial side is slightly is slightly convex convex to to

almost flat, nearly in line almost flat, nearly in line with with MM. side of the root.. side of the root.

* Distal side* Distal side slightly slightly concaveconcave in the in the

cervical third and cervical third and convexconvex in incisal two third in incisal two third

crown appear tilted crown appear tilted distally.distally.


* * Cusp tip is usually on the Cusp tip is usually on the root axis, M. slope is root axis, M. slope is shortershorter than D. slope. than D. slope.

** Mesial contact areaMesial contact area in the in the

incisal thirdincisal third

* Distal contact area* Distal contact area at the junction at the junction of the of the

middle middle and and incisal third.incisal third.


2. Root2. Root

* * It is It is shorter shorter than maxillary than maxillary canine canine [15.9 mm][15.9 mm]

* * It is It is convexconvex on the labial on the labial surface and tapers apically surface and tapers apically

to a blunt apex.to a blunt apex.


It is narrower than the labial It is narrower than the labial surface. surface.

** The The lingual ridgelingual ridge and two and two

fossae are not prominent. fossae are not prominent.

** The The cingulum cingulum is low, less bulky, is low, less bulky, less prominent and less prominent and distal distal to the root axis line.to the root axis line.

** The marginal ridges are not The marginal ridges are not prominent, prominent, D.M.R.D.M.R. is slightly is slightly prominent than prominent than L.R.L.R. and and M.M.R.M.M.R.

2. Root2. Root

* * Its lingual surface is Its lingual surface is convex convex and and narrow.narrow.

* * Longitudinal depressions on Longitudinal depressions on M.M. and and D.D. surface can be seen. surface can be seen.


CrownCrown

It is It is wedgewedge shaped with thin shaped with thin incisal portion incisal portion b/cb/c of less of less

bulky lingual ridge. bulky lingual ridge.

* * Incisal ridge Incisal ridge lingual to the lingual to the root axis line.root axis line.

** Cusp tip Cusp tip located lingual to located lingual to root axis line. root axis line.

[arch trait][arch trait]


**Cervical lineCervical line curve more curve more incisally incisally [arch trait],[arch trait],

M. curve more than D M. curve more than D

* * Crest of curvatureCrest of curvature

LabiallyLabially - is closer to the - is closer to the cervical line. cervical line.

LinguallyLingually - on the cingulum - on the cingulum (which is low and (which is low and

flattened) flattened)

RootRoot

M and D longitudinal M and D longitudinal depression depression

More More deeperdeeper in the in the D.D.



* * Faciolingual outline is Faciolingual outline is oblongoblong

**Faciolingual dimension is Faciolingual dimension is greater greater than MDthan MD

* * Mesiolabial outline is more Mesiolabial outline is more convexconvex

** Distolabial outline is more flat or Distolabial outline is more flat or concave.concave.

* * Lingual portion is Lingual portion is narrower narrower than labial.than labial.

* * Cusp tipCusp tip - near to the center - near to the center or lingual to the center. or lingual to the center.* * Disto-incisal angleDisto-incisal angle - - lingually positioned lingually positioned to the cusp tipto the cusp tip [which gives the crown [which gives the crown distolingual twist.]distolingual twist.]



* * CingulumCingulum - is slightly - is slightly distaldistal to to the center line. the center line.

* * Mesial marginal ridgeMesial marginal ridge longer longer than D.M.R. than D.M.R. b/cb/c of of distolingual distolingual twist of the twist of the crowncrown and and distal located of the cingulum.distal located of the cingulum.

Labio-lingual SectionLabio-lingual Section

Reveals a double convexReveals a double convex

Lens - shaped pulp cavityLens - shaped pulp cavity

Widest diameter below Widest diameter below the cervix near the the cervix near the middle of the toothmiddle of the tooth

Mesio-Distal SectionMesio-Distal Section

Cavity is very narrow Cavity is very narrow from top to bottomfrom top to bottom

In its entire length the In its entire length the cavity constricted cavity constricted Mesio-DistallyMesio-Distally

Permanent canines

Health & Medicine

Transcript of Permanent canines