PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s...
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Transcript of PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s...
![Page 1: PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s 2 2s 1 2.1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 3.1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 4.1s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051416/56649e8b5503460f94b90a8e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
PERIODIC TRENDS
![Page 2: PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s 2 2s 1 2.1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 3.1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 4.1s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051416/56649e8b5503460f94b90a8e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
CATALYST (3 MIN)
What are the following elements and what family are they in?
1. 1s22s1
2. 1s22s22p5
3. 1s22s22p63s2
4. 1s22s22p63s23p6
![Page 3: PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s 2 2s 1 2.1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 3.1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 4.1s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051416/56649e8b5503460f94b90a8e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
YOU DO: COMPLETE QUIZ 2 ALIGNMENT GUIDE (5 MIN)
Step 1: Mark the incorrect answers on your answer sheet.
Step 2: Fill in the number correct on your alignment guide in the “Score” column.
Step 3: Calculate the percent correct for each set of questions. Write this in the “Mastery” column.
Step 4: Answer the Questions below the table.
![Page 4: PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s 2 2s 1 2.1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 3.1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 4.1s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051416/56649e8b5503460f94b90a8e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
# correct out of 5
Mastery
5 100
4 80
3 60
2 40
1 20
# correct out of 4
Mastery
4 100
3 75
2 50
1 25
# correct out of 3
Mastery
3 100
2 67
1 33
YOU DO: COMPLETE QUIZ 1 ALIGNMENT GUIDE (5 MIN)
# correct out of 2
Mastery
2 100
1 50
![Page 5: PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s 2 2s 1 2.1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 3.1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 4.1s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051416/56649e8b5503460f94b90a8e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
ANNOUNCEMENTSHomework: Quiz two study guide, due day of quiz
Office hours Wednesday and Friday
Test corrections any time during office hours
Unit 2 exam and quiz schedule:
Quiz Two Friday 10/12 (ODD)Monday 10/15 (EVEN)
Exam 2 Thursday 10/18 (ODD)Friday 10/19 (EVEN)
![Page 6: PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s 2 2s 1 2.1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 3.1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 4.1s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051416/56649e8b5503460f94b90a8e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
OBJECTIVE
SWBAT determine the periodic trends per group and period of main elements
SWBAT relate the reactivity of elements to their electron structure
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IONIZATION ENERGY
• Ionization energy is the energy needed to steal an electron away from an atom.
• When an electron is removed the atom becomes a positive ion.
• LOW Ionization energy = VERY Reactive!!
![Page 8: PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s 2 2s 1 2.1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 3.1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 4.1s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051416/56649e8b5503460f94b90a8e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
TRENDS IN IONIZATION ENERGY
• Ionization energy increases from left to right across a period.
• # of protons increases, positive nucleus pulls the electrons closer, harder to pull one electron off.
• Ionization energy decreases down a group
• electrons are farther from the nucleus, easier to pull one electron off
![Page 9: PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s 2 2s 1 2.1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 3.1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 4.1s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051416/56649e8b5503460f94b90a8e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
IONIZATION ENERGY TRENDS
![Page 10: PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s 2 2s 1 2.1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 3.1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 4.1s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051416/56649e8b5503460f94b90a8e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
EXAMPLE: IONIZATION ENERGY
QUESTION
Which element has the lowest ionization energy?
• Lithium• Sodium• Cesium• Rubidium
![Page 11: PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s 2 2s 1 2.1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 3.1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 4.1s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051416/56649e8b5503460f94b90a8e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
GUIDED EXAMPLE: IONIZATION ENERGY
EXAMPLE 1
Which element has the lowest ionization energy?
• Gallium
• Germanium
• Arsenic
• Bromine
EXAMPLE 2
Which element has the highest ionization energy?
• Magnesium
• Barium
• Radon
• Strontium
![Page 12: PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s 2 2s 1 2.1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 3.1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 4.1s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051416/56649e8b5503460f94b90a8e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
#6.3 Aim:What
trends do we see on the
Periodic Table?
Agenda
QOD (10)
Activity: graphing atomic
radii (15)
Share: trends (5)
Lesson: periodic
trends(15)
HW #3
![Page 13: PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s 2 2s 1 2.1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 3.1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 4.1s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051416/56649e8b5503460f94b90a8e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
ELECTRONEGATIVITY• Electronegativity is the interest of atoms
in attracting or keeping electrons.
• An atom that is electronegative is an electron thief.
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PERIODIC TRENDS IN ELECTRONEGATIVITY
Electronegativity increases from left to right across a period.
• # of protons increases, nucleus pulls the electrons closer, easier to attract an electron
Electronegativity decreases down a group.
• electrons are farther from the nucleus, harder to attract an electron
![Page 15: PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s 2 2s 1 2.1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 3.1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 4.1s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051416/56649e8b5503460f94b90a8e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
ELECTRONEGATIVITY
![Page 16: PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s 2 2s 1 2.1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 3.1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 4.1s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051416/56649e8b5503460f94b90a8e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
EXAMPLE: ELECTRONEGATIVITY
QUESTION
• Which element has the highest electronegativity?
• Silicon• Aluminum• Sulfur• Phosphorous
![Page 17: PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s 2 2s 1 2.1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 3.1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 4.1s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051416/56649e8b5503460f94b90a8e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
GUIDED EXAMPLE: ELECTRONEGATIVITY
EXAMPLE 1
Which element has the lowest electronegativity?
• Gallium
• Germanium
• Arsenic
• Bromine
EXAMPLE 2
Which element has the highest electronegativity?
• Magnesium
• Barium
• Radon
• Strontium
![Page 18: PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s 2 2s 1 2.1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 3.1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 4.1s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051416/56649e8b5503460f94b90a8e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
ATOMIC RADIUS• Atomic radius is how wide an atom is
• The radius of an atom is directly related to its size.
• Bigger radius=Bigger atom
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Atomic radii
Radius
= a measure of the size of an atom
![Page 20: PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s 2 2s 1 2.1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 3.1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 4.1s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051416/56649e8b5503460f94b90a8e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
EXAMPLE: ATOMIC RADIUS
QUESTION
• Which element has the largest atomic radius?
• Boron• Gallium• Titanium• Indium
METHOD
1) Question Asking? Atomic Radius
2) Horizontal or VerticalTrend? Vertical
3) “Biggest” or “Smallest”? Biggest
4) Direction of Arrow? Small to Big
5) Answer ?
![Page 21: PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s 2 2s 1 2.1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 3.1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 4.1s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051416/56649e8b5503460f94b90a8e/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s 2 2s 1 2.1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 3.1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 4.1s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051416/56649e8b5503460f94b90a8e/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
GUIDED EXAMPLES: ATOMIC RADIUS
EXAMPLE 1
Which element has the smallest atomic radius?
• Krypton (Kr)
• Germanium (Ge)
• Calcium (Ca)
• Arsenic (As)
EXAMPLE 2
Which element has the largest atomic radius?
• Silicon (Si)
• Lead (Pb)
• Carbon (C)
• Germanium (Ge)
![Page 23: PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s 2 2s 1 2.1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 3.1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 4.1s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051416/56649e8b5503460f94b90a8e/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
PERIODIC TRENDS SUMMARY TABLE
Trend Going from left to right this ….
Going from top to bottom this…
Atomic Number Increases Increases
Atomic Radius Decreases Increases
Ionization Energy Increases Decreases
Electronegativity Increases Decreases
![Page 24: PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s 2 2s 1 2.1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 3.1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 4.1s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051416/56649e8b5503460f94b90a8e/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
WE DO: PERIODIC TRENDS TABLE (15 MIN)
• Write the definitions for each trend
• Use the chart to write the # value for each trend on the table
• When finished, look at the numbers and write whether the trend is increasing or decreasing
![Page 25: PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s 2 2s 1 2.1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 3.1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 4.1s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051416/56649e8b5503460f94b90a8e/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
THEY DO: PERIODIC TRENDS WAR GAME (20 MIN)
• Pick a partner and grab a bag of cards
• Place a card down, the one with the greater value for the trend wins both cards
• Repeat until one player has all the cards
• If you put down the same card, play ‘war’
![Page 26: PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s 2 2s 1 2.1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 3.1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 4.1s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051416/56649e8b5503460f94b90a8e/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
YOU DO: BOOK PRACTICE PROBLEMS (20 MIN)
Complete the following book problems to turn in at the end of class:
p.182 #18, 22, 24, 25
p. 186 #38, 41, 45, 48
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HOMEWORK1. Which has the largest atomic radius: nitrogen (N),
antimony (Sb), or arsenic (As)? The smallest?
2. For each of the following properties, indicate whether fluorine or bromine has a larger value.
• Electronegativity• Atomic radius• Ionization energy• Atomic number
3. Which element in each pair has the larger ionization energy?
• Li, N• Kr, Ne• Cs, Li
![Page 28: PERIODIC TRENDS. CATALYST (3 MIN) What are the following elements and what family are they in? 1.1s 2 2s 1 2.1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 3.1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 4.1s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051416/56649e8b5503460f94b90a8e/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
CLOSING
1. How does the organization of elements on the periodic trend reflect the electron structure of each element?
2. How does the electron structure of an element determine physical and chemical properties of that element?