( ( (

PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS,H.•. , P5_3m"ilr

3 1l2.26yl/r7 (53.3diEC

10 1'.6~ IO'yl Il-l' 12040m"ip+14 (5730Yllr18 1l09_B~r

67 (6L88hllr",In 65 [2M.ldiP+,E(.,Go 67 {78.2hlEC

72 (l4,IOh1P-.,Ge 68 (275dlEC:uAs 73 (80.3d)EC

74 [17.9d)P-,jl",K

.,Sb 124 (W.20d)/r125 (2.7)'!P-121 m(154d!rr123m(119.7d)IT117m(I09d)fT

>.>1 129 (1(nlO\·ilf"131 (8040dl/r

••w 181 1140~EC185 (7S.1diP-188 [69djll-

,.lIe 167 (5~ IO'°ylP-,.Os 194 (6.0)'1 p-mr 192 (74.2diP-,P+.ECrtAu 195 (163~EC

.,Po 231

..,u 23323<235236aaa

.,N:p236

p.26J<.10'l1o(L59x IOJrlo/2.44><10'ylex17.04~ IO"yla/2.34)( IO'\'io.(4.£7~ 10·y!0.(llxlO'yjEC Ir

Selected Radioactive IsotopesNaturally occurring radioactive isotopes are designated by a massnumber in blue (although some are also rnanutactueeo). Letter m in-dicates an isomer 01 anomer isotope of the same mass numberHalf-lives follow in parentheses, where e. min. h. d, and y stand re-spectivefyforseconds, minutes, hours, days, and years. The tableincludes mainly the longer-lived radioactive isotopes; many curershave been prepared. Isotopes known to be radioactive but wilhhalt-fives exceeding lO'~ y have not been included. Symbols de-scribing Ihe principal mode (or modes) of decay are as follows(theseprocessesaregenerallyaccompaniedbygammaradialion)' 18NIII

Table of Selected Radioactive Isotopes

GROUP1/IA

uNo 22 [2.602ylP,EC "'" 75 [118.5d)P- •.•Xe 133 15.25d)P- 196 [6.18dJP",£(,P- '" f2:'4x 10'yla'

11.00794 " [I5.02,*P- 79 (6.5xIO'yl/T 135 !9.IOhjp- 19' (2.696d)P- 2J9 f2.346dJp- " alpha particle emission

24.00260

1,-1 "Mg 28 [20.9hItr ." 82 [35.34hIP- "Cs 13~ (Hl6yj/T 199 [3.15dJf1- ...p,. 238 [8715ylo rr beta particle (electron) emission"AI 26 [7.2x IO'ylf3~,EC "'" " (2.1x lO'ylEC 135 (2.9xlO·yl~ oHg 203 [46.8d)P- 239 (2.41 x 10'ylo. p+ positron emission

20.28 H ••P 32 II4.26d)p- 85 (lO.72ylfr 137 pO.17ylP- ••n""

(3.77yjtr 2" /6.54xlO'y)a EC orbital electron capture4.

216H13.81 ••s 35 (87.2d){r .Rb 86 [l8.7djP- ••Sa UO 112.80')p- "Pb 202 [3xlO'ylEC '" (3.8" 10'ylo: IT isomerictransilion from upper to lower isomeric state 0.95al26atm e

0.0899 t "a 36 13.01x IO'ylP- 87 [4.8xl0"ylP- 17W 137 (6x 10'I1K 205 [h 10'ylEC 2M [8.3x 10'yja S, spontaneous fission 0.1785t36 (37.2m~p- .s, 90 {28.8y1P- tan [40.3hjP- 210 (22.3ylfF,a ••Am 241 j432yla", 2/11A "k 37 (35.Q2d]K .Y sa (I06.6dl/l",EC uCc 1M (2B.<ld){r .,Bi 207 (38ylEC 2<1 17.37xIO'y)1l 13/111B 14/1VB 1SNB 16NIB 17NIIB tsaHydrogen 39 1265}'ltr ." 9) 11.5x lO'ylP- •• Pr 142 119.1hlP- 206 (3.7xlO'}'lEC ••em 2t;2 !!63.2d)1l Helium

"K '0 (L28x 10'ylEC 95 {MOdjP- ",Nd 147 (11.1d)p- 210 (5.Old)r,o ,.. (18.12ylo

3(6.941)

49.012182 " 112.36I1P- .,Nb 94 {2.0xIO'}'lP- .,Pm 145 (18ylEC 2!Om{3x 10"yla '" {1.55x 10'110

510.811

612.0107

714.0067

815.9994

918.99840 10 20.1797.eo '" (165d)p- 95 (35.15d)jJ I" (2.62yjP- ..... "" (2.90ylll 2" (3.5x 10'yJ c, Sf

1 2 ,," ao 183.80d)P- .,Mo 99 (66.02hl/r .,Sm 146 p , lO'yja 20> [I02yla ••8k2A7 (lAx 10'yjll 3 ±4,2 ±3,5,4,2 ·2,·1 ·11615

Li

2744

Be

"c, 51 (27.70d)EC .J, 97 {2.6xI0·yJEC 151 (93yjp- 210 (138.38d]0: ••CJ 2A9 (35lylo 4275

B

4675·

C

77.344

N

90.2 0 85.0

F

27.07N453.7 1560 ,,1M 53 (2xI0"I1EC 911 ~:~;~~~rJlp-:' .,Eu 152 (13yJP"',EC,p- uAI 20> (5.4I1EC,a 251 2348 3915· 63.15 54.4 53.55 24.56!'lOOn-

0.900t e0.534 1.85 " (313.0d)EC 99 '" (8.5yI P- 210 (El.1hjEC ooE5 252 W2d)a 2.37 2.26 1.251t 1.429t 1.696t56 (2.578h1lr ..." 106 (367d)(j- •• Gel 150 (2.1x W'yla 211 (7.2IhjK,0 253 f20.AldJa[He]2s1 [He]2s2 .Fe ss (44.6d]{r ••Rh 101 {3.3yJEC ••1b 158 !1.2~ 10'ylEC,lr ••Rn222 (3.824dJa 2" f276dJo [He]2s22p1 [He]2s22p2 [He]2s22p3 [He]2s22p4 [He]2s22pS [He]2s22pO

Lithium Beryllium ,,<- 56 (78.8d)P+,EC ••Pel 103 (170d1EC 160 (72.3dJP- .,f.212 {19.311"1i1iEC.a \oofm255 (20.1hja Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon57 (270djEC 107 [7xlO"y\ P- .,Ho 166mll.2x 10'yJ tr 221 [I5minlr 257 (IOO5dJo

1122.98~770 12 24.;05058 (71.3d]p•.,EC •••Ag 108 [127ylEC ••Tm 170 1128.6d)iJ- 22J (21.811"1i1iP- ,o,Md258 {55d)a

1326.98;538 14 28.~,~55 1530_9::~~ 1632.065

1735.453

1839.94860 15·272Ylr 110 f252d]p- 171 {l.92)jtr uRa 226 [L60x 10'yl a \00""0259 {58",.,0:

uN. 57 (36.0h!P+,EC III (7.45~/r ",Yb 169 [32.00')EC •• Ac 227 (2I.77I1P- ,o..d.r260 p.O monj 0 6,:1:2,4, :t1,7.5,31156.1N 1363M " [8xlO'I1K ..cd 109 [453d)EC 175 (4.19d)p- ••Th228 (1.913\1'" ,•.•Rf261 "'<- 2792 AI

3538

5i

553

P

717.75

5

239.11 CI 87.8 A371.0 a 923 9 6) (92YlP- ..In 11~ (A9.51djlT "Lu 176 [3.7><10'°yjp- 230 ~~:;;~~~rl~a

,•••Db262 14040 933.5 1687 317.3 388.36 171.65 83.8

0.971 1.74 """ •. (12.70hlP-, p ". EC ,.,s,., 121 (76ylp- "To 182 (115.0d)/l- 232 ,ooSg263 p.9~0: 2.6989 2.33 1.82 2.07 3.214t 1.784t r[Ne]3s' [Ne]3s2 9 [Ne]3s23pt [Ne]3s23p2 [Ne]3s23p3 [Nej3s23p4 [Ne]3s23p5 {Ne]3s23p6

Sodium Magnesium 3/11IA 4/1VA SNA 6NIA 7NIIA 8 .---- VIIIA-----, 10 11/1B 12/11B Aluminum Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon

19 39.~983 2040.078 2144.95,591

2247.867

23 5°·:~1:2 2451.996

25 5~;,~~?7 2655.845 27 58.~:;2 28586i;4 29

63.54630

65.40931

69.72332

72.64 33 74';i~6 3478.96

3579.904

3683.80

2 4,3,2 3,6,2 3,2,6 2,1 2 1,3 4 4,6,-2 ±t,7,5,3 0,21033

K

1757

Ca

3109

5c

3560

Ti

3680 V 2945

Cr

2234M 3134

Fe

3200

Co

3186

Ni

2835 C 1180 Z 2477 G 3106 G 876'-'A 958

5e

331.95

Br

119,93

Kr

336.8 1115 1814 1941 2183 2180 1519 n 1811 1768 1728 1357.8 U 692.66 n 302.91 1211.4 e ,l1~';;, 5 494 265.95 115.8

0.862 1.55 2.99 4.54 6.11 7.19 7.44 7.874 8.90 8.90 8.96 7.13 6.095 a 5.32 5.73 4.79 3.12 3.73t[Ar]4s' [Ar]4s2 [Ar]3d'4s2 {Ar]3d24s2 [Ar)3d34s2 [Ar]3d54s1 [Ar]3d54s2 [Ar}3d54s2 [Ar)3d74s2 [Ar]3de4s2 [Arj3d'04s' [Arj3d'04s2 [Ar]3d'04s24pl [Ar]3d104s24p2 [Ar]3d104s24p3 [Ar]3d'04s24p4 {Ar]3d104s24p5 [Ar]3d104s24p6

Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton

37 85.4~7838

87.62 39 88.9~59 4091.224 4192.90;,~,~ 42

95.9443

(98)44

101.07 451 02.92?;'~0 46106.42 47107.8,682

48112.41

49114.82 50 1181.~0 51

121.76052

127.60 53126.;~~:;7 54131.29

2 4 6,5,4,3,2 7,5,4 2,3,4,6,8 2,4 2 3 t3,5 4,6,-2 0,2,4,6,8

961 Rb1655

5r

3618

V

4682

Zr

5017

Nb

4912M 4538 ¥© 4423 R 3968

Rh

3236

Pd

2435 A 10'0 Cd2345

In

2875 5 186°5b1261

Te

457.51

I

165.11 .Xi312.46 1050 1795 2128 2730 2896 2430 2607 2237 1828 1234.93 9 594.22 429.75 505.08 n 903.78 722.66 386.85 161.4 e1.532 2.54 4.47 6.51 8.57 10.22 0 11.5" 12.37 U 12.41 12.0 10.50 8.65 7.31 7.31 6.69 6.24 4.93 5.90t

[Kr)Ssl [Kr)Ss2 {Kr]4d15s2 [Kr)4d2Ss2 [Kr]4d4Ssl {Kr]4d5Ss' [Krj4d55s2 [Kr]4d7Ss' [Kr]4d6Ss' [Kr]4d'O [Kr]4d105s' [Kr]4d1°5s2 [Kr)4dlOSs2Spl [Kr]4dlOSs2Sp2 [Kr]4d tOSs25p3 (Kr]4dtOSs2Sp4 [Kr]4d1OSs2Sp5 [Kr]4d105s2Sp5Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon

55132.9?545 56137}27 57138.9~55 72178.49 73'80.9:,~9 74

183.84 75 !,~~5;?;2 76190.23 77 19~::,g 78

195.08 79969~,~55 80200.59 81204.3:~3 82

207.2 83208.9:~4 84(209)

85(210)

86(222)

4 6,5,4,3,2 4,8,6,3,2 4,2 2.1 2,4 4,2,6 ±1,7,5,3 0,2

944 C2170

Ba

3737 L * 4876 Hf 5730

Ta

5828 W sa70

Re

5285 0 4700

Ir

4098 P 3130 A 62988 H9 1746

TI

2022 Pb1837

Bi

-

Po

610"

At

211.4R301,54 5 1000 1191 a 2506 3290 3695 3459 3300 2720 2041.55 t 1337.33 U 234.32 577 600.61 544.55 527 575 202

1.87 3.5 6.15 13.31 16.65 19.3 21.0 22.57 S 22.42 21.45 19.3 13.55 11.85 11.35 9.75 9.3 - 9.73t n[Xej6s1 [Xe]6s2 [Xe]5d16s2 [Xe]4f14Sd26s2 [Xe]4f145d36s2 [Xe]4f'45d46s2 (Xe]4f'45ds6s2 IXe]4f'45d66s2 (Xe]4fI4Sd76s2 [Xe]4f'4Sd96s1 [Xe]4f'4Sd106s1 [Xe]4f'4Sd106s2 [Xe)4f14Sd1Of3s26pl [XeJ4P45dt06s26p2 {Xe]4ft45d'06s26p3 (Xe]4f'45dtOBs26p4 [Xe)4f14Sd'OSs26p5 [Xe]4f'45dl06s26p

Cesium Barium Lanthanum Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon

87(223)

88(226) 89 J227) 104 ~61) 1 05~262) 106 (266) 1 07 ~264) 1 08~277) 1 09~268) 11 0~69) 11 j (272) 112 (285) 113 (284) 114 (289) 115 (288) 116 117 1181 2

950'

Fr

1413

Ra

3470· A** -

~~-

~~-

~~-

~~-

~~- I~-

~~ - ~~- ~M~ - ~M~

~'151"~~77~ == ~M~- ~M~300 973 1324 C - - - - - - - - ~ - - -- 5.0 10.07 - - - - - - - - - -

[Rn]7st [Rn)7s2 [Rn)6dt7s2 [Rn)5ft46d27s2' {Rn]5ft46d37s2' [Rn)Sj146d47s2· IRnj5t'46d57sZ' (Rnj5f'46d67s2' [RnjSf'46d77s2' [An]5f'46d87s2· [AnJ5f146d97s [Rn]Sf146dt07s2' [Rn[SP46<:PO]s27pl' [Rn]5f'~6d'07s27p3· [Rn]Sf146d1Q7slJp4Francium Radium Actinium Rutherfordiurn Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium (Darmstadtium) (Roentgenium) (Ununbium) (Ununtrium) (Ununquadium) (Ununpentium) (Ununhexium) (Ununseptium) (Ununoctium)

• Estimated Values

ATOMIC ATOMIC

BOlu::MBE\R KE~Ej'GHTO;;~~T!~~1~:,;,~SPOINT, K

MELTlN~ 30POINT K 1180. Z' --... 69273 n

/

7.1~ArJ3d1Q4S2

Zinc

* 58 140.~,:6 59140.9~~65 60144.24

61(145)

62150.36 63 151:~4 64

157.25 65158.9~,~34 66162.50 67'64.9;°3 68

167.26 69168.;~:2 70173.04

71174.967

3 3 3,2 3 3 3 3,2 33716

Ce

3785

Pr

3347

Nd

3273 ~I2007

5

1869

Eu

3546 Gd3503

Tb

2840 Dy 2973 H 3140

Er

2223T 1469 Vb3675

Lu

1071 1204 1294 1315 1347 1095 1586 1629 1685 1747 1802 1818 m 1092 1936

6.77 6.77 7.01 7.26 7.S2 m 5.24 7.90 8.23 8.55 8.795 0 9.07 9.32 6.903 9.841[Xe)4f1Sd'6s2 [Xe]4f36s2 [Xe]4f46s2 [Xe]4f56s2 [Xe]4f66s2 jXej4176s2 [Xe]4FSd'6s2 [Xe]4f96s2 [Xe]4f'06s2 [Xe]4fI16s2 [Xe]4ft26s2 [Xe)4f'36s2 [Xe]4f146s2 [Xe]4ft45dI6s2

Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium lutetium

90232.03:1 912310~;9 9 2 23:5~4~:,; 93(237)

94(244)

95(243)

96(247)

97(247)

98(251)

99(252) 100 (;57) 101 (;58) 102 (2~';) 1 03 (2~2)5,6,4,3 4,5,5,3 3,6,5,4,2 3 2,3,4 2,3,4 3

5061 Th4300'

Pa

4404 U 4175' OO~ 3505 ~M 226<1 ~I- ~I- ~lli- ~~-

~~- ~I- I~-

oo@-

~~2023 1645 1406 917 913 1449 1620 - 1170· 1130· 1800' 1100' 1100· 1900'

11.72 15.4' 16.9S 20.2 19.84 13.7 13.S" 14' - - - - - -IRn)8d27s2 (Rn]5f26d17s2 [Rn)S/36d17s2 [Rn]Sf46d17s2 [Rn]Sf&7s2 {Rn]SF7s2 [Rn)Sf16d'7s2 [Rn]Sf97s2 {An]5fl07s2 [Rn)5f117s2 [Rn]Sf'27s2 [Rn]5t137s2 [Rn]St 147s2 (Rn]Sf'46dt7s2Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium

DENSITY at 300 K (3) \

(g/cm3) NAME

©Copyrighl2007 WVR International.All Rights Reserved.

No portion of this work may bereproduced in any form or by anymeans wittnrt express prior writtenpermission from VWRlSargent-Welch.

**ELECTRON

CONFIGURATIONNOTES:(1) Btack - solid.

Red - gas.Blue - liquid.Outline - synthetically prepared.

(2) Based upon carbon-tz. () indicates moststable or best known isotope.

(3) Entries marked with daggers refer to theqaseous state at 273 K and 1 atm and aregiven in units of gli.

The A & B subgroup designations, are those recommended by the Inter-national Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Sargent-Weich

vWR'-b~INlEflNATIONAl

Side 1

Cataloq Number WL$·18806 P.O. Box 4130 • Buffalo, NY 142171-800-727-4368· FAX 1·800-676-2540www.sargenlwelch.com

TABLE OF PERIODIC PROPERTIES OF THE ELEMENTS

GROUP:L/IA

2.200.45810.0585

2/IIA

0.320.7914.1013.59814.304 0.1815

CRYSTALSTRUCTURE (2)

SYMBOL

COVALENT RADIUS, A

ATOMIC RADIUS, A (7)

ATOMIC VOLUME,

cm'/mol{8)

FIRST IONIZATIONPOTENTIAL

V

SPECIFIC HEATe Copyright 1979 CAPACITY, Jg" K' (3)©Copyright 1980

©Copyright 1992@Copyrightl993

©Copyrighl1994@Copyrighl1995©Copyright 1996©Copyright 1998@Copyrighl2000@CopyrighI2001©Copyrighl2002@ Copyrighl 2004e Copyrighl 2007 VVVR Intemalional

)

Percent Ionic Character of a Single Chemical Bond

Difference in electronegativity 0.1 0.20.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.92.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2A 2.5 2.62.72.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2

18/V1II

He@Percentionicchoeccree % 0.5 1 2 4 6 9 12 '5 19 22 26 30 34 39 43 47 51 55 59 63 67 70 74 76 79 82 84 86 88 89 91 92

0.930.4931.8024.5875.193 0.152

0.0840.021

DATA CONCERNING THE MORE STABLE ELEMENTARY (SUBATOMIC) PARTICLES• The positron {e+]has properties similar to those of the (neg·

ative) ele<tron or beta particle except that its charge has oppositesign (+). The antineutrlno (vI has properties similar to those of theneutrino except that its spin (or rotation) is opposite in relation toits direetien of propagation.

An ontineutrino occempcnles release of on electron in radio·active p (portide) deeey, whereas 0 neulTino occomponies therelease of 0 positron in fJ+ de<oy.

Symbol P e (e-)

Neutron Proton Electron' Neutrino photon

Rest moss (kg) 1,67495)(10.27 1.67265x10·27 9.1095xI0·31 ~O

Relativeotomiemoss ("C:12) 1.008665 1.007276 5,48580xl 0.4 ~oCharge (e) 1.60219x10·19 .1.60219)(10.19

Radius (m) -0tJlB:Bohr mogneton ond J.IN=Nudeor magneton,1/2 1/21/2 1/2Spin quantum number

-1,913JIN 2.793 JiN 1.001 JIBMagnetic Momentt

ACIO·BASEPROPERTIES (I)

ELECTRONEGATIVITY,(Pauling's)

VA~~:I~~~ON **kJ fmol (4) 19.90

6.310.113

1.3543.9215.65 15.0 12.50 21.10 12.32 20.8 18.37.1 5.89 5.6 6.194 6.266 0.8 6.026 0.7 5.974 0.7 5.991 6.198 6.282 6.42 6.5 6.58 6.65 4.9'54 47 0.12 6.3 0.13' 6.74 10' 10' 10' 10' 10' 10' 10' 10' to-

HEAT OF FUSIONkJ/mol (5)

NOTES: (1) For representative oxides (higher valence) of group. Oxide is acidic if color is red, basic if color is blue

and amphoteric if both colors are shown. Intensity af color indicates relative strength.

(2) ~ Cubic, face centered; ~ cubic, body centered; e cubic;* hexagonal; @ rhombohedral; LD tetragonal; UIorthorhombic; 0 manoclinic.

ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY1o'n' m' (6) The A & B subgroup designations, are those

recommended by the International Union ofPure and Applied Chemistry, Sargent-Welch

VWR'-J"INHRNAT10NAL

THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY,Wm·'K·'(3)

(3) At 300 K (>7'C)

(4) At boiling point

(5) At melting point

(6) Generally at 293 K (20°C)

for polycrystalline material

(7) Quantum mechanical value

for frcc atom

(8) From density at 300 K (27°C) for liquid

and solid clements: values for gaseous elements

refer to liquid state at boiling point

PO. Box 4130· Buffalo, NY 142171-800·727-4368· FAX 1-800-676-2540www.sargenlwelch.com

Catalog Number WLS·18806 SIDE 2

) )