Periodic Table Review
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Transcript of Periodic Table Review
Periodic Table Review
Place each of the following groups of elements in order of DECREASING atomic radius.
Li, Rb, K, Na
Rb, K, Na, Li
Place each of the following groups of elements in order of DECREASING atomic radius.
Mg, Cl, Na, P
Na, Mg, P, Cl
Place each of the following groups of elements in order of DECREASING atomic radius.
Li, O, C, F, N
Li, C, N, O, F
Define “first ionization energy”.
Energy required to remove an electron from an atom
State the period trend (moving left to right across the periods) for first ionization energy.
INCREASES
State the group trend (moving top to bottom down the groups) for first ionization energy.
DECREASES
Arrange the following elements in order of DECREASING first
ionization energy: Li, O, C, K, Ne, F
Ne, F, O, C, Li, K
Arrange the following elements in order of DECREASING first
ionization energy: Li, B, Rb, F, C
F, C, B, Li, Rb
Arrange the following elements in order of DECREASING first
ionization energy: Mg, Ba, Be
Be, Mg, Ba
Define “electronegativity”.
Measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons
State the period trend (moving left to right across the periods) for electronegativity.
INCREASES
State the group trend (moving top to bottom down the groups) for electronegativity.
DECREASES
Place each of the following groups of elements in order of DECREASING electronegativity.
Po, Se, O
O, Se, Po
Place each of the following groups of elements in order of DECREASING electronegativity.
Ga, Br, Ra, Ca
Br, Ga, Ca, Ra
How did Henry Moseley arrange elements on the Periodic Table?
Increasing atomic NUMBER
What is the ending of all monatomic anions?
ide
State the period trend (moving left to right across the periods) for atomic radius.
DECREASES
where you would find elements with similar properties? Group or Period
GROUP
List 4 properties of metals. Luster Good conductors of electricity Ductile Malleable High Melting points Solid, except Hg is a liquid Lose electrons
What is the atomic number of nickel?
28
What is the difference between a group and a period? List the number of groups and period.
Group = columns (#1-18) Periods = rows (#1-7)
What element is in group 2 and period 2?
Be
what group of elements are considered the most stable?
Noble Gases
How are the elements arranged on the Periodic Table today?
Increasing atomic NUMBER
What is the atomic mass of lithium?
6.941 amu
What element is in group 7 and period 4?
Mn
What is the atomic number of bromine?
35
Group 17 elements are called?
Halogens
Define “atomic radius”.
Half the distance between the nuclei of identical atoms joined in a molecule
State the group trend (moving top to bottom down the groups) for atomic radius.
INCREASES
What is a metalloid? Element that has properties of BOTH
metals and nonmetals
As you go from left to right across the periodic table, the elements go from (metals / nonmetals) to (metals / nonmetals).
Metals; nonmetals
The most active element in Group 17 is?
Fluorine (F)
What is the difference between anions and cations? Explain.
Anion = negative ion b/c electron(s) were GAINED
Cation = positive ion b/c electron(s) were LOST
Group 18 elements are called? Why?
Noble Gases; b/c the contain 8 electrons in their outer energy level which gives them a stable electron configuration
A positive ion is (larger / smaller) than its parent atom. Why?
SMALLER; b/c the atom LOST electron(s)
The majority of elements in the periodic table are (metals / nonmetals).
Metals
List 4 properties of nonmetals. No Luster Not good conductors of electricity Not Ductile Not Malleable Low Melting points Gain electrons
Suppose magnesium formed an ion. How many electrons and protons does a calcium ion have?
Mg+2 (lost 2 e-) 12 protons & 10 electrons
What is the difference between a monatomic ion and a polyatomic ion?
Monatomic = ion formed from a single atom
Polyatomic = a group of bonded atoms with a charge
A negative ion is (larger / smaller) than its parent atom. Why?
LARGER; b/c the atom GAINED electron(s)
An element with both metallic and nonmetallic properties is called a __________
Metalloid
Suppose nitrogen formed an ion.
a) What is the charge of the N ion? _________
b) How many electrons does an N ion have?________
c) How many protons does an N ion have?_________
d) Write the name for the N ion.__________
-3
10
7Nitride
Place the ionic charges for the following groups on the Periodic Table: group 1, group 2, group 3-12, group 13, group 14, group 15, group 16, group 17 and group 18
+1 +
2Mostly+2
+3
+4
-3-2-1 0
Compounds that contain elements from group 17 are commonly called?
Salts
Elements of Group 3-12 are called?
Transition Metals
The noble gases contain _______ electrons in their outer energy level.
8
Metals are usually solids under ordinary conditions. List one exception.
Hg (mercury) is a liquid
Elements in the periodic table are arranged according to their ___________
Increasing atomic number
Nonmetals can be solids, a liquid or 11 are gases under ordinary conditions. List the gases & liquid.
Gases = H, N, O, F, Cl & the noble gases
Liquid = Br