Period 2, 5, & 6

We will examine the importance of the buffalo and the conflict over land in the West.Chapter 5.1 NotesChapter 5.2 ReadingWestward Trail Game

Chapter 5 Spanish brought horses to America Native Americans moved onto the

Great Plains to hunt Buffalo Native Americans made tepees from

hides, clothes, shoes, and food from Buffalo

Discovering gold attracted many to the West

Many of the gold mines were located on Native American land

Gold rush in the Black Hills led to conflict between Sioux and US Army

US Army was wiped out at the Battle of the Little Big Horn

Custer’s Last Stand resulted in over 200 US soldiers being killed by the Sioux and Cheyenne.

Dawes Act: Goal was to “Americanize” Native Americans

Divided up reservation land, taught Native American children English and Christianity.

The biggest problem for the Native Americans was the destruction of the Buffalo

Buffalo hunters were wiping out the main source of food, clothing, and shelter for the plains Indians.

Sioux turned to the Ghost Dance to save their tribe

If the ritual was performed, then Native Americans land and way of life would be restored.

Led to massacre at Wounded Knee

Cattle Become Big Business

Vaqueros influence the American Cowboy

- chaparreras jerky

- charqui mustang

- bronco caballo ranch

- rancho leather overalls

- mestenos rough horse

Also the terms corral and rodeo have Spanish origins.

Cowboys were not in great demand until the railroads reached the Great Plains

After the Civil War the demand for beef grew

Railroads brought cattle to Chicago

Cowboys worked 10 – 14 hours per day

Age between 15 and 40 Roundup was done to bring herd

together Branding of cows occurred before the

long drive Driving the cattle took 3 months