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PERFORMANCE OF INDUSTRIAL SOLAR KILN FOR DRYING TIMBER M. N. Haque Forest Research, NZ & T.A.G....
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Transcript of PERFORMANCE OF INDUSTRIAL SOLAR KILN FOR DRYING TIMBER M. N. Haque Forest Research, NZ & T.A.G....
![Page 1: PERFORMANCE OF INDUSTRIAL SOLAR KILN FOR DRYING TIMBER M. N. Haque Forest Research, NZ & T.A.G. Langrish Department of Chemical Engineering, University.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070412/56649eea5503460f94bfbb72/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
PERFORMANCE OF INDUSTRIAL SOLAR KILN FOR DRYING TIMBER
M. N. Haque
Forest Research, NZ
&
T.A.G. Langrish
Department of Chemical Engineering,
University of Sydney
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OutlineBackground to this researchDescription of this solar kilnMaterials and methodsActual measurements &
assessment of performanceComments on suitability in NZConclusions
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Solar kilns for drying timber
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Solar kilns for drying timber
Solar kiln at Boral Timber’s Herons Creek site, NSW, AUSTRALIA
Recent design of solar kiln by Solar Dryers Australia, Bellingen, NSW
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Air-drying site
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0
10
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50
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70
80
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200
Time (days)
Moisture content (%)
Solar Air Kiln Kiln
Typical drying example
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Materials & methods
Boral’s Solar Kiln
INPUTOUTPUTSOLAR KILN MODEL
Ambient T &
RH
Timber MC, air T & RH
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 20 40 60 80
Time (days)
T (oC) & RH (%)
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
Moisture content (kg/kg)
Predicted RH
Predicted X
Actual X
Predicted TActual T
Actual RH
Timber properties
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
0 20 40 60 80
Time (days)
Instantaneous strain (m/m)
Quality prediction
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Procedure for measuring MC
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40
60
80
0 20 40 60 80
Time (days)
Moisture content (%)
Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Sample 4 Sample 5Sample 6 Sample 7 Sample 8 Average
Biscuit samples
Kiln sample boards
Biscuits30 cmKilnsample2 cm
• Biscuit samples: 2025043 mm, oven-dry test• Kiln sample boards: 30025043 mmestimated MC based on biscuit samples
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Results- run 1 (May-June)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 20 40 60
Time (days)
Temperature (
oC) & MC
(%)
Internal air Ambient MC
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Results- run 2 (July-August)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0 20 40 60
Time (days)
Temperature (
oC)
& MC (%)
Internal air Ambient MC
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Results- run 3 (Sep-Oct)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 20 40 60
Time (days)
Temperature (
oC)
& MC (%)
Internal air Ambient MC
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Results- run 4 (Nov-March)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Time (days)
Temperature (
oC)
& MC (%)
Internal air Ambient MC
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Results- run 5 (March-May)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 20 40 60 80
Time (days)
Temperature (
oC)
& MC (%)
Internal air Ambient MC
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Results- summary
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Run 1(May-June)
Run 2(July-Aug)
Run 3(Sep-Oct)
Run 4(Nov-
March)
Run 5(March-
May)
MC (%) &
Drying time (days)
Initial MC Final MC Drying Time
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Measured solar radiation
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
0 20 40 60
Days
Solar radiation (W/m
2)
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Results- HEX status
0
1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Time (days)
Heat-ex status (1="On")
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Image goes here
Some NZ facts About 2 million m3 timber dried each
year (mainly radiata pine) Average 3 GJ/m3 energy requirements Total 6 PJ energy consumption 95% thermal, 5% electrical 60% thermal from wood residue Processing of alternative species is
growing
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Solar radiation at Rotorua, NZ (NIWA, 2002)
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDecAnnual
Daily Radiation (MJ/m
2)
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Image goes here
Initiatives in NZ
Greenhouse companiesRedpath: www.greenhouse.co.nzHarford: www.greenhouses.co.nz
Do not have drying tech experience but an engineering company can be brought together
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Conclusions Solar energy, ambient T & RH, kiln T & RH and
wood MC were measured. Average increases in kiln air T (compared
with ambient) were: 17.3C (May-June) 13.8C (July-August) 10C (September-October) 8.2C (November-March) 7.5C (March-May)
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Conclusions (continued) Drying times were 3 to 4 months from
initial (43 to 62%) to final MC (12 to 22%). Overall solar kiln is considered as an
acceptable alternative to air-drying method for pre-drying of hardwoods (e.g. blackbutt, Eucalyptus pilularis).
So Australasian timber industry is showing an increasing interest in use of solar kilns.
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Acknowledgements
Boral Timber Division & Faculty of Engineering, The
University of Sydney for financial assistance