Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC...
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Transcript of Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC...
![Page 1: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Performance of CRTNT forSub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement
Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC
Aspen, CO, 04/2005
![Page 2: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Outline
• Motivation of CRTNT project
• Design of CRTNT
• Status of prototype detector construction
• Simulation
• Aperture and event rate
• Conclusion
![Page 3: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Motivation
• UHEτneutrinos
(Z.Cao et al., J. Phys. G: 31 (2005) 571-582)
• Sub-EeV Cosmic Rays
![Page 4: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
UHECR Energy Spectrum Structure
![Page 5: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
No Absolute Calibration
![Page 6: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Poor Measurement on Composition
![Page 7: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
HiRes/MIA, HeverahPark,Cerenkov etc
![Page 8: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
CR arrival direction: Anisotropy
![Page 9: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Millard CountyUtah/USA
~600 Scintillators(1.2 km spacing)
AGASA x 9
3 x Fluorescence StationsAGASA x 4
phase-1 TA Detector Configuration
Exp Res.
AGASA
1.60
TA SD ~1.00
TA FD 0.60
TA Hyb.
0.40
Low Energy ExtensionOf TA in Hybrid
TALETALE
TA
![Page 10: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
UHECR Research Strategyco-site, cross-calibration ,dedicate
TA/AugerTALECRTNT X
access?
![Page 11: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
CRTNT Detector Design& Prototype
• Mobile
• High sensitivity
• Big dynamic range
![Page 12: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
CRTNT DetectorCRTNT Detector
2.3m
2.3m
3.0m
•Shower imaging camera:
16x16 40mm hexagonal
Photonis PMT array
•A half of Connex box
•20 Φ600mm spherical
mirror, reflectivity 82%
![Page 13: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Detector Structure
• Remote control door
• 256 pixels
• On board FADC electronics
• UV filter
• ~5m2 spherical Al reflector
![Page 14: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Main tower detector12 telescopes
64º
21º 35º
10m 7m
![Page 15: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
F/C light Detector
Linux box
![Page 16: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Detector Design: OpticsSpherical mirror: R=4490mmFocal plane camera: D=2305mmHexagonal pixel size: A=40mmMirror reflectivity: R=82%UV filter transmission: T=80%Physical optical spot: about the size of the pixel
![Page 17: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Trigger/read out Electronics
50 MHz 10 bit FADC: High gain: 3 count/peLow gain: 0.3 count/pe
FPGA: single channel trigger 3.5σ
Digital adjustable HV supply 4 pole filter, x 30 Amp (H) x 3 Amp (L)
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Detector Design: Electronics
848 pe440 ns
160 pe240 ns
• sky noise background: 40 photon/μsec/m2
• single channel trigger: signal/noise ratio>3.5σ• 320 ns running widow• 3 histories of 6μsec per event stored
320 ns window320 ns window
![Page 19: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Characteristics of pulses
1000 events: 6X107GeV <E< 3X109GeV
Pulse Width (ns) # of pe’s per 20 ns bin
LG
HG
![Page 20: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Status of Prototype Construction
• $0.3M for two prototype telescopes• 512 PMT’s calibration by Aug., • 2 modified connext boxes by June• 40 Φ600mm mirrors mounted by Aug.• Analog electronics by July.• Single channel trigger digital board by Sept.• 10 m2 UV filter by Sept.• Event trigger board & I/O by Nov.
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Simulation & Performance
![Page 22: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Simulation for CRTNT
• Detector configuration (3 site stereo)
• Proton primary
• Corsika+QGSJet based parameterization
• Single channel (tube) trigger: 3.5σ
• Telescope trigger: any 6 channels
• Event trigger: main tower && (one of sides)
• Cuts: edge events, Cerenkov light events
![Page 23: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
CRTNT Configuration
• Portable fluorescence detectors
• 3 site stereo
(12+2+2)
8km
3km
1-12
W1,2 E1,2
![Page 24: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Cerenkov/edge events
![Page 25: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Aperture of CRTNT
![Page 26: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Impact Parameter
to the Tower Detector
![Page 27: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
AzimuthAngle
distribution
![Page 28: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Zenith angle
distribution
![Page 29: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Event distribution
![Page 30: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Event Rate
![Page 31: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Shower angular resolution
![Page 32: Performance of CRTNT for Sub-EeV Cosmoc Ray Measurement Zhen Cao IHEP, Beijing & Univ. of Utah, SLC Aspen, CO, 04/2005.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110211/56649ef65503460f94c0a738/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Conclusion
• The CRTNT is dedicated to the “second knee”
• All components for prototype are ordered
• Constr. /Testing in lab until the end of this year
• On-site testing/calibration/background next year
• Simulated aperture ~ 30 km2 sr @ 0.1EeV
• 20k events per year (>0.1EeV, flat aperture)
• 550 events per yr (>1EeV, full aperture) for cross-calibration with TALE