Perfect system

Cambridge Latin Course

Verb principal partsFirst Second Third Fourth

rapio rapere rapui raptus

uenio uenīre ueni uentus

uideo uidēre uidi uisus

uinco uincere uici uictus

uoco uocare uocaui uocatus

Verb endingsPerson Present endings Perfect endings

1 sg

2

3

1pl

2

3

Verb endingsPerson Present endings Perfect endings

1 sg o, m

2 s

3 t

1pl mus

2 tis

3 nt

Verb endingsPerson Present endings Perfect endings

1 sg o, m i

2 s isti

3 t it

1pl mus imus

2 tis istis

3 nt erunt

Perfect stemsPerson Conj 1 Conj 2 Conj 3 Conj 3 -io Conj 4

1 sg uocau uid uic rapu uen

2 uocau uid uic rapu uen

3 uocau uid uic rapu uen

1 pl uocau uid uic rapu uen

2 uocau uid uic rapu uen

3 uocau uid uic rapu uen

Present Perfect endingsPerson Conj 1 Conj 2 Conj 3 Conj 3 -io Conj 4

1 sg uocau + i uid + i uic + i rapu + i uen + i

2 uocau + isti uid + isti uic + isti rapu + isti uen + isti

3 uocau + it uid + it uic + it rapu + it uen + it

1 pl uocau + imus uid + imus uic + imus rapu + imus uen + imus

2 uocau + istis uid + istis uic + istis rapu + istis uen + istis

3 uocau + erunt uid + erunt uic + erunt rapu + erunt uen + erunt

Present Perfect tensePerson Conj 1 Conj 2 Conj 3 Conj 3 -io Conj 4

1 sg uocaui uidi uici rapui ueni

2 uocauisti uidisti uicisti rapuisti uenisti

3 uocauit uidit uicit rapuit uenit

1 pl uocauimus uidimus uicimus rapuimus uenimus

2 uocauistis uidistis uicistis rapuistis uenistis

3 uocauerunt uiderunt uicerunt rapuerunt uenerunt

Verb endingsPerson Present endings Perfect endings

1 sg o, m i

2 s isti

3 t it

1pl mus imus

2 tis istis

3 nt erunt

Verb infixesFuture Imperfect

Verb infixesFuture Imperfect

bi ba

Verb infixesFuture Perfect Past Perfect

er er

Verb infixesFuture Perfect Past Perfect

eri era

Perfect stemsPerson Conj 1 Conj 2 Conj 3 Conj 3 -io Conj 4

1 sg uocau uid uic rapu uen

2 uocau uid uic rapu uen

3 uocau uid uic rapu uen

1 pl uocau uid uic rapu uen

2 uocau uid uic rapu uen

3 uocau uid uic rapu uen

Future Perfect stemsPerson Conj 1 Conj 2 Conj 3 Conj 3 -io Conj 4

1 sg uocau + eri uid + eri uic + eri rapu + eri uen + eri

2 uocau + eri uid + eri uic + eri rapu + eri uen + eri

3 uocau + eri uid + eri uic + eri rapu + eri uen + eri

1 pl uocau + eri uid + eri uic + eri rapu + eri uen + eri

2 uocau + eri uid + eri uic + eri rapu + eri uen + eri

3 uocau + eri uid + eri uic + eri rapu + eri uen + eri

Future Perfect endingsPerson Conj 1 Conj 2 Conj 3 Conj 3 -io Conj 4

1 sg uocau + eri + o uid + eri + o uic + eri + o rapu + eri + o uen + eri + o

2 uocau + eri + s uid + eri + s uic + eri + s rapu + eri + s uen + eri + s

3 uocau + eri + t uid + eri + t uic + eri + t rapu + eri + t uen + eri + t

1 pl uocau + eri + mus uid + eri + mus uic + eri + mus rapu + eri + mus uen + eri + mus

2 uocau + eri + tis uid + eri + tis uic + eri + tis rapu + eri + tis uen + eri + tis

3 uocau + eri + nt uid + eri + nt uic + eri + nt rapu + eri + nt uen + eri + nt

Future Perfect tensePerson Conj 1 Conj 2 Conj 3 Conj 3 -io Conj 4

1 sg uocauero uidero uicero rapuero uenero

2 uocaueris uideris uiceris rapueris ueneris

3 uocauerit uiderit uicerit rapuerit uenerit

1 pl uocauerimus uiderimus uicerimus rapuerimus uenerimus

2 uocaueritis uideritis uiceritis rapueritis ueneritis

3 uocauerint uiderint uicerint rapuerint uenerint

Future Perfect EndingsPerson Endings

1 sg ero

2 eris

3 erit

1 pl erimus

2 eritis

3 erint

Perfect stemsPerson Conj 1 Conj 2 Conj 3 Conj 3 -io Conj 4

1 sg uocau uid uic rapu uen

2 uocau uid uic rapu uen

3 uocau uid uic rapu uen

1 pl uocau uid uic rapu uen

2 uocau uid uic rapu uen

3 uocau uid uic rapu uen

Past Perfect stemsPerson Conj 1 Conj 2 Conj 3 Conj 3 -io Conj 4

1 sg uocau + era uid + era uic + era rapu + era uen + era

2 uocau + era uid + era uic + era rapu + era uen + era

3 uocau + era uid + era uic + era rapu + era uen + era

1 pl uocau + era uid + era uic + era rapu + era uen + era

2 uocau + era uid + era uic + era rapu + era uen + era

3 uocau + era uid + era uic + era rapu + era uen + era

Past Perfect endingsPerson Conj 1 Conj 2 Conj 3 Conj 3 -io Conj 4

1 sg uocau + era + m uid + era + m uic + era + m rapu + era + m uen + era + m

2 uocau + era + s uid + era + s uic + era + s rapu + era + s uen + era + s

3 uocau + era + t uid + era + t uic + era + t rapu + era + t uen + era + t

1 pl uocau + era + mus uid + era + mus uic + era + mus rapu + era + mus uen + era + mus

2 uocau + era + tis uid + era + tis uic + era + tis rapu + era + tis uen + era + tis

3 uocau + era + nt uid + era + nt uic + era + nt rapu + era + nt uen + era + nt

Past Perfect tensePerson Conj 1 Conj 2 Conj 3 Conj 3 -io Conj 4

1 sg uocaueram uideram uiceram rapuearm ueneram

2 uocaueras uideras uiceras rapueras ueneras

3 uocauerat uiderat uicerat rapuerat uenerat

1 pl uocaueramus uideramus uiceramus rapueramus ueneramus

2 uocaueratis uideratis uiceratis rapueratis ueneratis

3 uocauerant uiderant uicerant rapuerant uenerant

Past Perfect endingsPerson Ending

1 sg eram

2 eras

3 erat

1 pl eramus

2 eratis

3 erant

Tense endingsPerson Subject Present Imperfect Perfect Past Perfect

Auxiliaries , , ,

1 singular , + - +

2 - + - +

3 - + - +

Imperative (You!) (vowel)

1 plural - + - +

2 - + - +

3 - + - +

Imperative (You!) -

Tense endingsPerson Subject Present Imperfect Perfect Past Perfect

Auxiliaries be, do used to, was, kept

did, have had

1 singular I -o, m -bam -i -eram

2 You -s -bas -isti -eras

3 She, He, It -t -bat -it -erat

Imperative (You!) (vowel)

1 plural We -mus -bamus -imus -eramus

2 You -tis -batis -istis -eratis

3 They -nt -bant -erunt -erant

Imperative (You!) -te