Percussion Family. Family Characteristics Family Characteristics Strike, strum or shake instrument...
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PercussPercussionionFamilyFamily
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FamilyFamilyCharacteristicsCharacteristics
• Strike, strum or shake
instrument for sound
• Made from metal, wood, or
stretched membrane
(animal hides)
• Pitched or unpitched
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Snare DrumSnare Drum• Originally called the sidedrum, because the player would carry it around his waist and played off to the side.• Shaped like a cylinder, with skin stretched over its top. • The "snare“ is a set of wires or strings strung across the bottom of the drum. This rattling helps to produce the snare drum's special sound. • Good at playing "rolls” and other fancy rhythms • Sometimes the snare is turned off, to make a dull thud
sound. (tom tom) • Snare drums, like bass drums, do not have a definite
pitch (unpitched)
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Bass DrumBass Drum• Largest drum in the percussion family• Play a low sound• It can sound loud and thundering, and sometimes quiet and
almost invisible. • used in both orchestras and bands. • In an orchestra, it is placed on a stand. In a marching band,
it hangs from a harness that the player wears while marching
• Played with a soft beater • Unpitched
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CymbalsCymbals• Thin metal disks that are clashed together or struck with
sticks to produce a sound. • They come in many sizes. There are tiny finger cymbals, and
there are the large and deafening orchestral cymbals. • Can sound soft and delicate, or loud and harsh • They are used in almost every type of music, from orchestral
music to rock. • Unpitched
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GongGong• Unpitched
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TriangleTriangle• The triangle is a simple steel rod bent into the shape of a
triangle
• While the triangle is among the smallest of orchestra instruments, it has a very clear and shimmering sound that cuts through even the loudest music.
• The triangle's pitch is not distinct, and its tone varies according to how hard, you strike it.
• Different sizes
• Big triangles are louder than little ones.
• Unpitched
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TimpaniTimpani• Sometimes called the kettle drum
• often made of copper
• They have a piece of calfskin or thin plastic stretched over their opening. This is called a drum head.
• They are usually played in pairs - sometimes in threes or fours - because each drum is tuned to a different pitch
• Timpanists can change the pitch of each drum by pressing their foot on a pedal at the base of the drum.
• Pitched
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XylophoneXylophone• A xylophone is a set of wooden bars, mounted on a frame. • The bars, each tuned to a different pitch, are beaten with sticks. • Most xylophones have tubes or gourds below each bar to increase the
volume of the sound. • The biggest xylophones have almost 50 wooden bars. The wooden bars
are arranged like a piano keyboard. • Gives a bright and sharp sound; soft beaters make the sound more gentle • Pitched
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Percussion Family SoundPercussion Family Sound• Percussion instruments sound are produced by
hitting/shaking/striking the instrument with hands/sticks/mallets which cause the instrument to vibratevibrate and the sound to resonateresonate in the body.
• The xylophone is one of the few percussion instruments that can produce different pitches; the wooden bars are arranged just like a piano’s keys. The smaller bars make the higher notes. Some drums can be tuned to a specific pitch, but usually the drums are assigned to keep the beat and play the rhythm of the music
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What have you learned?What have you learned?Essential QuestionsEssential Questions
1. How are instruments grouped?2. What are three characteristics for each instrument family?3. How do string instruments produce a sound?4. How do brass instruments produce a sound?5. How do woodwind instruments produce around?6. How do percussion instruments produce a sound?7. What other timbres can be heard in music?
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Review VOCABULARY• Timbre (Tone Color)-is the special sound each instrument or voice
makes• Orchestra-a group of musicians performing on string, brass,
woodwind and percussion instruments (about 100 members)• String Instruments-produce sound by vibrating strings such as
plucking, bowing, or striking.• Brass Instruments-tone is produced by vibration of the lips as the
player blows into the cupped mouthpiece.• Woodwind Instruments-sound is produced by a vibrating reed or a
fixed mouthpiece, and in which the pitch is varied by opening or closing holes in the body of the instrument or by placing fingers on or off the holes.
• Percussion Instruments-can be any object which produces a sound by being struck, shaken, rubbed, scraped, or by any action which makes the object vibrate.
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Carnegie Hall (New York City)