PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.
-
Upload
jemima-johnson -
Category
Documents
-
view
234 -
download
0
Transcript of PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.
![Page 1: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
PERCEPTION IS…
• The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information
![Page 2: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
TWO THEORIES
• Bottom-up theories• -Parts are identified, put together, and then recognition
occurs
• Top-down theories• -People actively construct perceptions using information
based on expectations
![Page 3: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
CONSTANCY
• Our ability to recognize that size, shape and brightness (color) don’t change even when sensory input of an object changes.
• Size constancy• Shape constancy • Brightness constancy
![Page 4: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
SENSORY ADAPTATION
-Occurs when sensory receptors change their sensitivity to the stimulus
-Constant stimulation leads to lower sensitivity
-The brain is constantly processing and adjusting it’s perception of sensory input
![Page 5: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
SENSORY ADAPTATION CAN LEAD TO AFTER IMAGES
![Page 7: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
AFTER IMAGES IN COLOR
![Page 8: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cGt3LRZxjAw
![Page 9: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
M ODULE 07 : PERCEPTION
GESTALT ORGANIZATIONAL PRINCIPLES
![Page 10: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
GESTALT
• The “whole,” or the organizational patterns that we tend to perceive;
• the Gestalt psychologists emphasized that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.
• By breaking experiences into their basic parts, something important is lost.
![Page 11: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
DRAW WHAT YOU JUST SAW
• Now compare your drawing with the original. • In what ways is it similar, what details did you
miss?
![Page 14: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
LAW OF PRAGANZ
• Reality is organized and reduced to the simplest form possible.
![Page 15: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
M ODULE 07 : PERCEPTION
GESTALT ORGANIZATIONAL PRINCIPLES:
FIGURE-GROUND RELATIONSHIPS
![Page 16: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
FIGURE-GROUND
• The organization of the visual field into objects (figures) that stand out from their surroundings (ground).
• The figure is the object(s) that stands out or draws one’s attention.
• The ground is the background.
![Page 17: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
FIGURE-GROUND
![Page 18: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
M ODULE 07 : PERCEPTION
GESTALT ORGANIZATIONAL PRINCIPLES:
GROUPING PRINCIPLES
![Page 19: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
GROUPING
• The perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into understandable units.
• Several principles of grouping include:• Similarity• Proximity• Closure• Continuity
![Page 20: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
GROUPING - SIMILARITY
• The tendency to place items that look similar into a group
![Page 21: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
GROUPING - PROXIMITY
• The tendency to place objects that are physically close to each other in a group
![Page 22: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
GROUPING – CLOSURE
• The tendency to look at the whole by filling in gaps in a perceptual field
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hodp2esSV9E
![Page 23: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
GROUPING – CONTINUITY
• The tendency to perceive that movement of an object continues once it appears to move in a particular direction
![Page 24: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
GROUPING- COMMON FATE
• Objects that move or function in a similar manner will be seen as a unit.
![Page 25: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
WHAT PRINCIPLES DO WE SEE
![Page 26: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
DEPTH CUES
![Page 27: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
DEPTH CUES
• Eleanor Gibson and her Visual Cliff Experiment.
• If you are old enough to crawl, you are old enough to see depth perception.
• We see depth by using two cues that researchers have put in two categories:
• Monocular Cues• Binocular Cues
![Page 28: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
BINOCULAR CUES
• We need both of our eyes to use these cues.
• Retinal Disparity (as an object comes closer to us, the differences in images between our eyes becomes greater.
• Convergence (as an object comes closer our eyes have to come together to keep focused on the object).
![Page 29: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
MONOCULAR CUES
• You really only need one eye to use these (used in art classes to show depth).
• Linear Perspective• Interposition• Relative size• Texture gradient• Shadowing• Relative Height
![Page 30: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
![Page 32: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
ILLUSIONS AND PERCEPTUAL SET
![Page 36: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
PONZO ILLUSION
• Tricks our sense of size constancy
![Page 37: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
MUELLER LYON ILLUSION
• Tricks our sense of linear perspective
![Page 38: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
LETS TEST OURSELVES
• http://bcs.worthpublishers.com/gray/content/psychsim5/Visual%20Illusions/PsychSim_Shell.html
![Page 39: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
WHAT DEPTH CUES DID THE VERTICAL/HORIZONTAL LINES TRICK?
![Page 40: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
ILLUSIONS OF MOTION
• Autokinetic effects
![Page 41: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
• Phi Phenomenon : apparent movement between flashing stationary images
• http://www.yorku.ca/eye/balls.htm
![Page 42: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
• Stroboscopic: When images are flashed in sequence to create the illusion of continuous movement
• “cell animation” • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XeWIhWiT6bE
![Page 43: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
EMOTIONS AND MOTIVATION
• Influence our attention and perception
![Page 44: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
PERCEPTUAL SET
• Experience builds expectations which direct perceptions
![Page 45: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
![Page 46: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
![Page 47: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
• 2 minutes study and look for a pattern
![Page 48: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
![Page 49: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
![Page 50: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
![Page 51: PERCEPTION IS… The process of recognizing, organizing, and interpreting sensory information.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56649eff5503460f94c1461a/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)