Chapter 8.3: Perception, Illusions, and ESP Mr. McCormick Psychology.
perception illusions
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Transcript of perception illusions
Sensation
• Input of sensory information
• Process of receiving, converting, and transmitting information from the outside world
Perception-Key Concepts
1. Selection
2. Organization
3. Interpretation
4. Subliminal perception and ESP
Figure-Ground Differentiation• Major Gestalt
principle of perceptual organization
• We divide world into 2 parts
1.Figure• Has shape &
location in space
2.Ground• Has no definite
shape and seems to continue beyond figure
Modeled after a ppt slide created by Dr. Kevin Richardson in 1998 and made available through the American Psychological Society
Gestalt Laws of Perceptual Grouping – Top-Down
Gestalt Laws of Perceptual Grouping – Top-Down
• How do we group objects perceptually?
• Several principles:
– Similarity– Proximity– Continuation– Simplicity– Closure
• How do we group objects perceptually?
• Several principles:
– Similarity– Proximity– Continuation– Simplicity– Closure
Modeled after a ppt slide created by Dr. Kevin Richardson in 1998 and made available through the American Psychological Society
SimilaritySimilarity
Similarity grouping suggests horizontal columns
Similarity grouping suggests horizontal columns
Proximity
Proximity Grouping Suggests Vertical Columns
ContinuationContinuation
We see a square even though its corners are missing
We see a square even though its corners are missing
SimplicitySimplicityThe lines are naturally grouped as a 3D cube.
The lines are naturally grouped as a 3D cube.
The lines are naturally grouped as a 2D pentagon.
The lines are naturally grouped as a 2D pentagon.
ClosureClosure Closur
e
Perceptual Constancies•Does our perception of
objects around you change if objects get closer or farther away, or if they are moving?
•No! No! No! No! No! No! No!
•Why?– Because of perceptual constancies
Modeled after a ppt slide created by Dr. Kevin Richardson in 1998 and made available through the American Psychological Society
Size Constancy
Ponzo Illusion: line in the distance appears larger
Click here to see many other famous illusions
Arranged by Gordon Vessels 2005
Retinal Size != Apparent Size
• Distance cues: relative size of elements, separation, density, clarity, background
The Ames Room
Müller-Lyer Lines• Eye-movement theory: Arrowheads
influence extent of eye movements
Müller-Lyer Lines Revisited
• The same illusion through perspective cues
Just plain cool illusions!Click Here
All lines below are straight; distorted pattern created by the
tiny squares
Click here to see inversion illusions on website
Café wall illusion