People who live People who live in glass houses,in glass houses,

should never throw should never throw stones.stones.

What is the element?What is the element?

• Ever blew out a birthday candle and Ever blew out a birthday candle and then it relights?then it relights?

• Magic , Right?Magic , Right?

• No, it is the substance Magnesium No, it is the substance Magnesium that keeps them relighting.that keeps them relighting.

Naming ChemicalNaming ChemicalCompoundsCompounds

Lesson 3Lesson 3

Ionic-CovalentIonic-Covalent

Writing names from the Writing names from the chemical formulaschemical formulas..

• Groups IA - IIIA retain their original Groups IA - IIIA retain their original name.name.

• KK++ would just be potassium. would just be potassium.

Naming AnionsNaming Anions

• Will end with ide. Will end with ide.

• Ex: Chlorine is called chloride. Ex: Chlorine is called chloride.

Group B’sGroup B’s• Use roman numeral to denote Use roman numeral to denote

charge.charge.

• Unless one of the exceptions.Unless one of the exceptions.• (Zn, Cd, and Ag) (Zn, Cd, and Ag)

VanadiumVanadium

QuestionQuestion

• So FeSo Fe+3+3 would be____ would be____

• Iron IIIIron III

ExamplesExamples

• ZnSOZnSO44

• Zinc sulfate Zinc sulfate

• PbClPbCl44

• Lead IV chloride Lead IV chloride

More PracticeMore Practice

• Ba(OH)Ba(OH)22

• Barium hydroxide Barium hydroxide

• MgSMgS

• Magnesium sulfide Magnesium sulfide

Old system of namingOld system of naming

• Instead of using roman numerals use Instead of using roman numerals use suffix "suffix "ousous" for the lowest " for the lowest oxidation number and "oxidation number and "icic" for the " for the higher. higher.

• Ex: Copper I would be Cuperous and Ex: Copper I would be Cuperous and Copper II would be Cuperic.Copper II would be Cuperic.

Hard waterHard water • Describes water in which calcium, Describes water in which calcium,

magnesium and hydrogen carbonate magnesium and hydrogen carbonate ions are dissolved. ions are dissolved.

• Problems include: thick scales form Problems include: thick scales form in pipes and hot water heaters.in pipes and hot water heaters.

• Also makes it hard for soaps to Also makes it hard for soaps to lather.lather.

IodineIodine • Discovered by Bernard Courtois in Discovered by Bernard Courtois in

1811 in seaweed.1811 in seaweed.• Produces a violet vapor. Produces a violet vapor.

• Named after the Greek word for Named after the Greek word for "violet" iode. "violet" iode.

• Iodide is needed for a healthy thyroid Iodide is needed for a healthy thyroid gland.gland.

HydrateHydrate

• Compound in which there is a Compound in which there is a specific ratio of water to ionic specific ratio of water to ionic compound.compound.

• Ex: MgSOEx: MgSO44 7H 7H22O (Magnesium sulfate O (Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate)heptahydrate)

Pyrite Halite

HygroscopicHygroscopic

• Ionic compounds that can easily Ionic compounds that can easily become hydrates by absorbing water become hydrates by absorbing water molecules from water vapor in the molecules from water vapor in the air.air.

HygroscopicHygroscopic

DeliquescentDeliquescent

• Ionic compounds that are so Ionic compounds that are so hygroscopic that they take up hygroscopic that they take up enough water from the air to dissolve enough water from the air to dissolve completely and form a liquid completely and form a liquid solution.solution.

• Ex: sodium carbonate Ex: sodium carbonate

• NaNa22COCO33..

AnhydrousAnhydrous

• Hydrate compound in which the Hydrate compound in which the water has been removed. water has been removed.

Molecular ElementMolecular Element

• A molecule that forms when atoms of A molecule that forms when atoms of the same element bond together.the same element bond together.

Diatomic elementsDiatomic elements • Seven nonmetal elements found Seven nonmetal elements found

naturally as molecular elements.naturally as molecular elements.

• ((NOFNOF seven and their number 1 seven and their number 1 leader) leader)

• HH22, N, N22, O, O22, I, I22, Cl, Cl22, Br, Br22, and F, and F22

• Note: AtNote: At22 is radioactive and not is radioactive and not enough research has been done to enough research has been done to prove or disprove.prove or disprove.

Practice 1Practice 1

• Name the following:Name the following:

• NaNa33POPO44

• Sodium PhosphateSodium Phosphate

Practice 2Practice 2

• Name the following:Name the following:

• NHNH44OHOH

• Ammonium hydroxideAmmonium hydroxide

Practice 3Practice 3

• Name the following:Name the following:

• FeFe33(PO(PO44))22

• Iron II PhosphateIron II Phosphate

Practice 4Practice 4

• Name the following:Name the following:

• Ca(CN)Ca(CN)22

• Calcium cyanideCalcium cyanide

Practice 5Practice 5

• Name the following:Name the following:

• Al(NOAl(NO22))33

• Aluminum NitriteAluminum Nitrite

Practice 6Practice 6

• Name the following:Name the following:

• AgClOAgClO44

• Silver PerchlorateSilver Perchlorate

Write the formula 1Write the formula 1

• Aluminum oxideAluminum oxide• Remember that the charges in the

formula for aluminum oxide must add up to zero.

• Al2O3

• What this means

Write the formula 2Write the formula 2

• Calcium sulfateCalcium sulfate

• CaSOCaSO44

Ca O

O

O

O S

Write the formula 3Write the formula 3

• Barium HydroxideBarium Hydroxide

• Ba(OH)Ba(OH)22

BaOH O H