People vs Alfanta.doc

8/14/2019 People vs Alfanta.doc

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EN BANC

[G.R. No. 125633. December 9, 1999.]

PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,plaintiff-appellee, vs. ROLANDO

ALFANTA y ALO,accused-appellant.

The Solicitor General for plainiff!appellee.

Emeterio V. Solivenfor acc"#e$!appellan.

SYNOPSIS

Acc"#e$!appellan %a# con&ice$ of rape a''ra&ae$ b( )e circ"m#ance# of ni')imean$ i'nomin( b( )e Re'ional *rial Co"r of +aai Ci( an$ %a# #enence$ o #"ffer )e

#"preme penal( of $ea). -n )i# appeal, appellan #o"') )e re&er#al of )i# con&icion

an$ )e impo#iion of )e $ea) penal(. Appellan al#o a##aile$ )e $eci#ion of )e rial

co"r in con#i$erin' )e a''ra&ain' circ"m#ance of ni')ime an$ i'nomin(. *)e

"preme Co"r affirme$ )i# con&icion of )e crime c)ar'e$, b" lo%ere$ )e penal(

)erein impo#e$ o reclusion perpetua. *)e Co"r fo"n$ no compellin' rea#on o

concl"$e )a )e rial co"r )a$ erre$ in 'i&in' $"e %ei') an$ cre$ence o )e e#imon(

of )e complainan. *)e Co"r "p)el$ )e rial co"r/# fin$in' )a ni')ime a''ra&ae$

)e commi##ion of )e offen#e. Appellan ab$"ce$ )i# &icim, bro"') )er o anaban$one$ an$ "nli )o"#e an$ )en "nlea#)e$ )i# carnal $e#ire on )er, a##"re$ of )e

#illne## of )e #leepin' %orl$. *)e a''ra&ain' circ"m#ance of i'nomin( %a# correcl(

appreciae$ b( )e lo%er co"r a'ain# appellan in or$erin' )e complainan o lie face

$o%n an$ %)ile in )a po#iion )a$ )i# peni# ino )er an"# an$ )ereafer or$ere$ )er o

lie $o%n a'ain an$ )i# ime )e in#ere$ )i# fin'er in#i$e )er. *)e Co"r, )o%e&er,

lo%ere$ )e penal( of $ea) impo#e$ b( )e rial co"r o reclusion perpetua. Accor$in'

o )e Co"r, %)ile i i# "nconro&ere$ )a appellan %a# arme$ %i) a boloo reali0e )i#

criminal obeci&e, #ai$ circ"m#ance co"l$ no be con#i$ere$ a# a "alif(in'

circ"m#ance in )e ca#e a bar beca"#e i %a# no alle'e$ in )e informaion a# o mae

)e offen#e fall "n$er )e "ri#pr"$eniall( referre$ "alifie$ rape p"ni#)able b(reclusion perpetuao $ea). EA -C*

SYLLABUS

1.RE+ED-A4 4A E7-DENCE CRED-B-4-*8 : -*NEE NC+;E44-NG REAN *


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CNC4


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applie$ b( )e co"r# re'ar$le## of an( mii'ain' or a''ra&ain' circ"m#ance# )a ma(

)a&e aen$e$ )e commi##ion of )e $ee$.

.-D. AGGRA7A*-NG C-RC


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Before )i# Co"r, b( %a( of a"omaic re&ie%, i# )e $eci#ion, $ae$ 29 @"l( 1996, of )e

Re'ional *rial Co"r of +aai Ci(, Branc) H2, con&icin' 1acc"#e$!appellan Rolan$o

Alfana ( Alo of rape %i) %o a''ra&ain' circ"m#ance# an$ #enencin' )im o #"ffer

)e e?reme penal( of $ea). 4e?4ib

Rolan$o Alfana %a# c)ar'e$ %i) )e crime of rape in an informaion )a #impl( rea$

*)a on or abo" )e 26) $a( of A"'"#, 1995, in )e Ci( of +aai,;)ilippine# an$ %i)in )e "ri#$icion of )i# =onorable Co"r, )e abo&e!

name$ acc"#e$, b( mean# of force an$ inimi$aion, $i$ )en an$ )ere %illf"ll(,

"nla%f"ll( an$ felonio"#l( )a&e carnal no%le$'e "pon )e per#on of one

N-*A :ERNANDE ( @E:A a'ain# )er %ill an$ con#en. 2

)en arrai'ne$ on 2 epember 1995, acc"#e$!appellan enere$ a plea of no '"il( o

)e crime c)ar'e$. *rial )ere"pon en#"e$.

*)e e&i$ence of )e parie# )a# been recie$ in 'oo$ $eail b( )e rial co"r in i# $eci#ion"n$er re&ie%, )"#

*)e fir# pro#ec"ion %ine## %a# Dr. Noel +ina(, +e$ico 4e'al fficer of )e

Naional B"rea" of -n&e#i'aion %)o e#ifie$ )a on A"'"# 2, 1995 a

aro"n$ 55 in )e afernoon, )e performe$ a p)(#ical e?aminaion an$ me$ico

'enial e?aminaion on one Nia :ernan$e0 for alle'e$ rape.


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fini#)e$ in#erin' )i# fin'er# in an$ o" of )er pri&ae par, #)e %a# ol$ o 'o

near )im an$ lie be#i$e )im, an$ no o $re## "p a# )e %a# 'oin' o ae a re#

an$ a )e #ame ime ellin' )er no o ell %)a )appene$ o o)er# #a(in' )a/lahat n' nirape (o a% pinata% (o dahil sa a%o(on' ma% ma'sumbon'./ All )e

ime )e man %a# in#erin' )i# peni# an$ fin'er# ino )er pri&ae par an$ ino

)er an"#, #)e %a# #)o"in' /tulun'an po nin%o a(o,/ b" nobo$( re#pon$e$.Noicin' )a )e man %a# alrea$( #leepin', #)e #"$$enl( 'o )e nife a %ai#

of )e man an$ #ab )e man on )i# c)e#. *)e nife broe. )e #"$$enl(

'rabbe$ )e bolo an$ )ac )e man #e&eral ime#. *)ereafer, #)e p" on )er$re##, 'o )ol$ of )e bolo an$ ran o )e #i'nal office of #ol$ier#. )en #)e

arri&e$ a )e #i'nal office of #ol$ier#, #)e ol$ )e per#on# #)e me )a #)e

ille$ a man. *)e bolo %a# aen from )er b( )e #ol$ier#. i), #ol$ier#, )e(

%en o )e place %)ere #)e %a# rape$. *)e( fo"n$ )e man l(in' $o%n #illali&e. *)e man %a# bro"') o )e )o#pial. *)e man "rne$ o" o be acc"#e$

Rolan$o Alfana ( Alo. *)ereafer, #)e e?ec"e$ an affi$a&i IE?). CJ, narrain'

%)a )appene$ o )er o )e police an$ %a# bro"') o )e NB- +e$ico!4e'al

fficer for e?aminaion.

n cro## e?aminaion #)e e#ifie$ )a, from 7alle 7er$e, ;a#i' Ci(, %)ere

#)e %ore$ a# )o"#emai$, #)e %en o )er frien$/# )o"#e name$ ;aric beca"#e#)e bro"') mon'o an$ beca"#e #)e an$ ;aric/# %ife -n$a(, are frien$#,

arri&in' in )e )o"#e of ;aric a 63K in )e e&enin' of A"'"# 26, 1995. )e

%a# no able o 'o bac o )er place of %or a 7alle 7er$e, ;a#i' beca"#e i

%a# alrea$( lae a ni') an$ %a# ol$ o #leep a ;aric/# )o"#e. Earlier )ae&enin', a 9KK, #)e #a% acc"#e$ pa##e$ b( in fron of )e )o"#e. A#i$e from

)er %o I2J o)er per#on# #lep in )e )o"#e of ;aric, -n$a( an$ #on. )e #lepin )e #ala, %)ile -n$a( an$ )er #on in a room. *)e $oor of )e )o"#e %a#clo#e$, b" %a# no loce$. -n enerin' )e )o"#e %ere #)e #lep, one )a# o

reac) )e #ala fir#. )en a%aene$, #)e #)o"e$, b" nobo$( )ear$ )er beca"#e

)e( %ere #leepin' an$ a )e #ame ime )e acc"#e$ place$ )i# )an$ on )ermo"). )e %a# reall( afrai$ beca"#e #)e %a# bo?e$ on )er c)e# an$ acc"#e$

%a# )ol$in' a bolo. )ile o"#i$e )e )o"#e #)e %a# bo?e$. A )e 'ara'e,

%)ic) %a# no li')e$, #)e %a# ol$ o "n$re##. )e follo%e$, beca"#e of fear.Acc"#e$ al#o "n$re##e$ )im#elf. )ile acc"#e$ %a# on op of )er, )ol$in' a

bolo, #)e crie$. Acc"#e$ i# no )er #%ee)ear. )e e&en #ai$, %)( %ill - )ac

)im if )e i# m( #%ee)ear. 4e?4ib

*)e la# %ine## for pro#ec"ion %a# 4ilia =o'ar of )e omen/# De#


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%)en Nia :ernan$e0 %oe "p a 12KK mi$ni') on A"'"# 26, 1995, Nia

:ernan$e0 #a% a man #an$in' be#i$e )er. Nia %a# p"nc)e$ on )e lef porion

of )e face an$ or$ere$ )er o 'o o"#i$e, in#r"ce$ o climb o&er a fence on )eo)er #i$e of )e )o"#e. Afer climbin' )e fence, Nia :ernan$e0 %a# ol$ o

"n$re##, %a# bo?e$ on )er brea# an$ %a# ol$ o lie $o%n in a &acan )o"#e

o%ne$ b( Capain ;a#c"a, %)ere #"#pec rape$ Nia :ernan$e0. n )eir %a( o)e )o#pial on boar$ )e +aai ;olice car, #)e a#e$ acc"#e$ %)( )e rape Nia

:ernan$e0. Acc"#e$ an#%ere$ )a :ernan$e0 %a# no ellin' )e r") beca"#e

)e( %ere #%ee)ear#.

Defen#e pre#ene$ )e acc"#e$. Acc"#e$ e#ifie$ )a on A"'"# 26, 1995,%)ile a A:7A- 7illa'e, +"nicipali( of +aai, fi?in' )e fence of )e )o"#e

of General Renao -carma o'e)er %i) man( o)er laborer#, #omebo$( ol$

)im )a )i# %ife %a# %aiin' for )im in )e )o"#e of Capain ;a#c"a. A 1KKKo/cloc )a e&enin', )e %en o )e )o"#e of Capain ;a#c"a an$ "pon reac)in'

)e )o"#e, )e noce$, an$ calle$ ;aric A"'"#o Ablon, )e careaer of

Capain ;a#c"a. Belin$a Ablon, )e co"#in of ;aric A"'"#o Ablon, opene$)e $oor. Afer openin' )e $oor, Nia :ernan$e0, )i# li&e!in parner for almo# a

(ear came o", in an an'r( moo$, beca"#e #)e )a# been %aiin' for )im for

lon', an$ a#e$ )im %)( )e %a# lae. =e e?plaine$ )a )e $i$ no e?pec )er o

come, a# )i# "n$er#an$in' %i) Nia :ernan$e0 %a#, )e %ill call )er b( p)oneor %rie )er before #)e come#. *)en Nia :ernan$e0 ol$ )im )a )e( al

o"#i$e a# #)e %a# a#)ame$ %i) )e nei')bor, an$ )e( %ill $i#"rb )e c)il$

%)o %a# #leepin'. Afer )alf )o"r alin', )e in&ie$ Nia o #leep. =e an$ Nia%en o a &acan )o"#e, o%ne$ b( a Colonel pa##in' a fence. )en )e( arri&e$

in )e &acan )o"#e, i %a# clo#e$, #o )e( #lep in )e errace. =e $enie$ $oin'

%)a Nia :ernan$e0 claime$ )e $i$. =e claime$ )a, )e %a# #"rpri#e$ %)(

:ernan$e0 )ace$ )im, for )e no%# of no rea#on %)( Nia :ernan$e0 %ill)ac )im. =e belie&e# )a Nia :ernan$e0 concoce$ )e #or( of rape beca"#e

of fear )a )e %ill file a ca#e a'ain# Nia :ernan$e0 for )acin' )im.

n cro##!e?aminaion, acc"#e$ e#ifie$ )a, )e )a# been #a(in' in )e )o"#eof General Romeo -carma I)e )o"#e %)ere )e an$ 15 o)er %orer# %ere

con#r"cin' a fenceJ, #ince 199K. =i# li&eli)oo$ %a#, a# a +a#on, #ince 1993.

-n :ebr"ar( 1995, )e $a"')er of Nia :ernan$e0 name$, 4"cia %)o i# marrie$o 4io inro$"ce$ )im o Nia. =e an$ Nia became #%ee)ear# in :ebr"ar(

1995. *)e( )a&e no li&e o'e)er beca"#e Nia %a# %orin' a 7alle 7er$e.

*)e( onl( mee $"rin' Nia/# $a( off. =e )a# been a Nia/# place of %or, b"

)e "#e$ o call )en a )er elep)one n"mber# %)ic) are 6326K62 an$ 6356K6K.*)e( "#e$ o #ee eac) o)er a Gen. -carma/# place %)ere )e li&e$. n A"'"#

26, 1995, %)en )e inci$en in "e#ion )appene$, 4"cia an$ 4io %ere no

lon'er re#i$in' a Gen. -carma/# place beca"#e )e( %ere ol$ o lea&e in April1993. n A"'"# 26, 1995, %)ile in )e #"aer# area, "# 1KK meer# a%a(

from )e )o"#e of Gen. -carma, Nia came, looin' for )im. Beca"#e Nia $oe#

no no% )e %orer# in Gen. -carma/# )o"#e, Nia lef an$ %en o )e )o"#e ofCapain ;a#c"a, "# a )e bac of )e )o"#e of Gen. -carma. )ile a )e


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#"aer# area, +elc)or R"$( Abella ol$ )im )a Nia %a# looin' for )im. =e

%en o )e )o"#e of Capain ;a#c"a. A Capain ;a#c"a/# place, )e me Nia.

;re#en in )e )o"#e of Capain ;a#c"a %ere A"'"#o Ablon, )i# %ife R"b(lin,Belin$a, a co"#in an$ a #mall c)il$ %)o %ere all a%ae, e?cep )e c)il$.

Al)o"') Ablon %a# &er( m"c) %illin' o accommo$ae )im in Ablon/# )o"#e,

)e bro"') Nia o )e )o"#e of )e Air :orce Colonel beca"#e if i rain#, )ere i#a roof o proec )em an$ a#)ame$ o #a( a Ablon/# )o"#e. E&en Nia $oe# no

lie o #leep in Ablon/# place, #a(in' )a in#ea$ of #leepin' a Ablon/# place,

#)e prefer# o 'o bac a 7alle 7er$e. =e $i$ no allo% Nia o 'o bac a 7alle7er$e beca"#e i %a# alrea$( lae a ni') an$ if an()in' )appen# o )er, )er

$a"')er %)o no%# )i# relaion#)ip %i) Nia %ill blame )im. =e $i$ no brin'

Nia o Gen. -carma/# )o"#e beca"#e i i# cro%$e$ an$ )e Colonel/# )o"#e i#

"# 2K meer# from Capain ;a#c"a/# )o"#e. *)e( %en o )e Colonel/# )o"#e,climbin' )e fence. )en )e( climbe$ )e %all, )e %a# carr(in' /bani', pillo%

an$ blane,/ an$ $i$ no noice )a Nia %a# carr(in' a nife. Nobo$( li&e in

)e Colonel/# )o"#e an$ %a# clo#e$. *)e( #lep in )e errace of )e )o"#e on a

cemen floorin'. )ile )e %a# #leepin' Nia )ace$ )im %i) a ic)en nife.)en )ace$, )e "# #ai$ /ara%/. *)e bolo %a# no "#e$ in )acin' )im. Afer

#abbin' )im, Nia lef an$ %en o )e +iliar( ;olice lea&in' )e ic)en nife.)en )e +iliar( ;olice arri&e$, )e %a# no lon'er a )e Colonel/# )o"#e

beca"#e )e %en o ano)er )o"#e, %)ere )e #lep. Afer )e %a# #abbe$, )e

a#e$ )e a##i#ance of Ablon. Ablon %a# )e one %)o calle$ for )e +iliar(;olice. =e $i$ no lea&e )e colonel/# )o"#e. =e "# #a(e$ in )e premi#e#.

De#pie )i# %o"n$#, )e %a# able o #leep an$ %oe "p a 5KK in )e mornin'.

)en a#e$ %)( Nia #abbe$ )im, )e #ai$ )a i %a# beca"#e )e )"r Nia b(

)ol$in' Nia/# )an$ an$ p"#)in' )er on )er c)e# %)en Nia in#i#e$ in lea&in'for 7alle 7er$e an$ beca"#e )e )"r Nia, )e $i$ no file a complain a'ain#

Nia for )acin' )im. 3

-n )e $ecreal porion of )e $eci#ion, )e co"r a )uo )a# prono"nce$ "$'men, )"#

=ERE:RE, )i# co"r fin$# acc"#e$ Rolan$o Alfana ( Alo '"il( be(on$rea#onable $o"b of )e crime of rape, penali0e$ b( Ar. 335 of )e Re&i#e$

;enal Co$e, a# amen$e$, %i) a''ra&ain' circ"m#ance# of ni')ime an$

i'nomin(, )e i# )ereb( #enence$ o #"ffer )e ma?im"m penal( of $ea), an$in$emnif( complainan Nia :ernan$e0 )e #"m of ;5K,KKK.KK, pl"# )e co## of

)e #"i. 4

No% before )e Co"r, acc"#e$!appellan #ee# )e re&er#al of )e con&icion an$ )eimpo#iion of )e $ea) penal( $ecree$ b( )e rial co"r )e conen$# )a >

-.*=E *R-A4 C


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--.*=E *R-A4 C


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)( %ere (o" )ere a )a imeL

A Beca"#e - al%a(# 'o )ere an$ m( #on/# re#i$ence i# be#i$e )e )o"#e of

m( frien$ #ir.

Co"r ;rocee$ fi#cal

;ro#. +anola

No%, %)ile (o" %ere )ere on )a $ae an$ ime a )e )o"#e of (o"r

frien$ in A:7A- :or Bonifacio +aai Ci( $o (o" recall of an(

"n"#"al inci$en )a )appene$L

A *)ere %a# #ir.

ill (o" in$l( ell %)a )a inci$en %a#L

A D"rin' )a ime %)ile - %a# #leepin' in )e re#i$ence of m( frien$

#"$$enl( )ere %a# a man %)o enere$ )e )o"#e %)ere - %a# #leepin'.

o %)en (o" #a% )a man enere$ )e )o"#e %)a $i$ )e $o if an(L

A - #oo$ "p beca"#e )e %a# p"llin' me an$ )en )e p" )i# )an$ in m(mo") #ir.

)a el#e )appene$ afer )aL

A )en - %a# re#i#in' )e bo?e$ me an$ a )a ime )e %a# )ol$in' a bolo

an$ )e #ai$ if - %ill no obe( )im )e %ill be 'oin' o ill me #ir.

Afer )a %)a ran#pire$ ne? +r#. ine##L

A =e force$ me o climb )e fence an$ )en - #a% )e %a# )ol$in' a bolo.

Di$ (o" climb o&er )e fenceL

A - climb #ir beca"#e )e force$ me o climb )e fence.

ere (o" able o 'o o&er )e fenceL

A )en - %a# o&er )e fence alrea$( )e ol$ me o 'o o a &acan )o"#e.

=o% abo" )e acc"#e$ %)ere %a# )e %)en )e or$ere$ (o" o climb o&er

)e fenceL


10/26

A =e %a# a m( bac an$ )e ol$ me o 'o fir# an$ )en )e follo%e$.

o afer (o" %en or cro## o&er )e fence %)a )appene$ ne? +a$am

%ine##L

A =e ol$ me o 'o o )e &acan )o"#e an$ )ere )e )im#elf ol$ me o"n$re## an$ - oo off m( clo)e# )e embrace$ me an$ i##e$ me #ir.

No% %)en )i# man ol$ (o" o 'o o )e &acan )o"#e $i$ (o" obe(

)imL

A - %a# ol$ o 'o o )e &acan )o"#e )ere )e ol$ me o "n$re##.

Di$ (o" obe( )imL

A =e ol$ me o "n$re## an$ )e %a# )ol$in' a bolo.

Co"r

*)e "e#ion of )e pro#ec"or o (o" %a# $i$ (o" obe( )e in#r"cion

of )e acc"#e$ for (o" o "n$re##L

A 8e# #ir.

;ro#ec"or +anola

*ell )e =onorable Co"r %)( (o" $o follo%e$ )e in#r"cion of )a

+an o 'o o )a &acan )o"#e an$ o "n$re## %)( $i$ (o" follo% )i#in#r"cionL

A - %a# afrai$ )a )e mi') ill me #ir.

)( $o (o" #a( )a )e mi') ill (o"L

A =e lie o rape me #ir.

Co"r

8o" $i$ no an#%er )e "e#ion of )e pro#ec"or %)( %ere (o" afrai$L

A Beca"#e )e %a# )ol$in' a bolo an$ )e %a# a )e #ame ime bo?in' me

#ir.

;ro#ec"or +anola


11/26

o %)a )appene$ afer accor$in' o (o" (o" %ere in#r"ce$ o

"n$re##L

A =e embrace$ me an$ i##e$ me an$ ol$ me o lie $o%n.

An$ $i$ (o" lie $o%n a# in#r"ce$ b( )i# +anL

A =e force$ me o lie $o%n an$ )en )e force$ me o #eparae m( le'# #ir.

An$ %)a )appene$ %)en (o" %ere force$ o open (o"r le'#L

A =e ol$ me no o #)o" beca"#e if - %ill #)o" )e %ill ill me an$ )en

)e in#ere$ )i# peni# o m( &a'ina #ir.

Afer )i# +an in#ere$ )i# peni# in (o"r &a'ina or pri&ae par %)a)appene$ ne? +r#. ine##L

A =e ol$ me o lie fron m( face $o%n an$ )e in#ere$ )i# peni# o m(

an"# #ir.

Afer )a %)a )appene$ ne? +r#. %ine##L

A *)en )e ol$ me a'ain o lie $o%n an$ a )e #ame ime )e in#ere$ )i#fin'er# o m( pri&ae par# 'oin' in an$ o" #ir.

Afer )a %)a )appene$ ne? +r#. ine##L

A =e lie $o%n beca"#e )e %a# alrea$( ire$ of mole#in'.

=o% abo" (o" %)a %ere (o" $oin' a )a ime %)en )e acc"#e$ )i#

per#on accor$in' o (o" lie $o%n afer )e p" )i# fin'er# in#i$e (o"rpri&ae parL

A =e a#e$ me o 'o near )im an$ lie $o%n be#i$e )im.

Di$ (o" follo% )i# in#r"cion for (o" o lie near )imL

A 8e# #ir beca"#e )e %a# )ol$in' a bolo #ir.

o %)a )appene$ afer (o" lie $o%n be#i$e )i# per#onL

A =e ol$ me o p" on m( $re## an$ a )e #ame ime )e al#o ol$ me )a)e $oe# no %an me o ell i o an(bo$( beca"#e )e )a&e rape$ man(.

No% if )i# per#on %)om accor$in' o (o" rape$ (o" in#i$e )e co"r

room %o"l$ (o" be able o reco'ni0e )imL


12/26

A 8e# #ir - co"l$ reco'ni0e )im.

ill (o" in$l( loo aro"n$ )e co"r room if (o" co"l$ reco'ni0e )i#

per#on if )e i# in#i$eL

Noeine## poine$ o a man %)o %a# poine$ a# )e man %)o rape$ )iman$ %)en a#e$ )i# name an#%ere$ a# Rolan$o Alfana.

No% afer )i# per#on %)om (o" "# poine$ o %)o an#%ere$ b( )e

name of Rolan$o Alfana "ere$ )e %or$# /lahat nan' ni rape (o a%

pinapata% (o dahil sa a%o(on' ma% ma'sumbon'/ %)a )appene$ ne?+r#. ine##L

A - plea$e$ o )im an$ )e #ai$ no o p" on m( $re## beca"#e )e i# 'oin'

o ae a re#.

Afer )a %)a )appene$ ne? if an( +r#. ine##L

A - #a% )im )a )e %a# #leepin' alrea$( an$ )en - #"$$enl( 'o )e nifean$ #ab )im in )e c)e# #ir.

Afer (o" #abbe$ )im on )i# c)e# %)a )appene$ ne? +r#. ine##L

A *)e nife broe an$ )en - #"$$enl( 'rabbe$ )e bolo an$ )ac an$ )ac

)im #ir.

Afer (o" )ace$ )i# per#on %)o rape$ (o" %)a )appene$ ne? +r#.

ine##L4e?4ib

A - imme$iael( p" on m( #)ir an$ - 'o )ol$ of )e bolo an$ - r"n o )e

#i'nal %)ere )e #ol$ier# %ere.

Di$ (o" reac) )i# place #i'nal %)ere )ere are #ol$ier# accor$in' o(o"L

A 8e# #ir.

An$ %)a $i$ (o" $o %)en )en %)en (o" arri&e$ )ereL

A - ol$ )im )a - ille$ a per#on )erein an$ 'i&e )em )e bolo.

)a )appene$ afer )a %)en (o" informe$ )e #ol$er# a #i'nal )a

accor$in' o (o" (o" )a&e ille$ a per#on %)a )appene$ ne?L

A e %en o )e per#on %)o rape$ me #ir.


13/26

An$ $i$ (o" #ee )im )ereL

A 8e# #ir.

)o %ere %i) (o" %)en (o" %en bac o )e place %)ere (o" %ere

alle'e$l( rape$L

A *)e #ol$ier# #ir.

Di$ (o" fin$ )i# per#on %)o rape$ (o"L

A 8e# #ir.

)a %a# )e $oin'L

A =e %a# l(in' $o%n #ir.

)a )appene$ afer )aL

A )en %e arri&e$ )ere )e %a# #ill ali&e an$ )e %a# bro"') o )e)o#pial.

)o bro"') )im o )e )o#pialL

A *)e amb"lance of )e #ol$ier.

No% $o (o" remember )a&in' 'i&en a #aemen o )e +aai ;olice in

connecion %i) %)a (o" )a&e "# narrae$ or ol$ or e#ifie$ o )i#afernoonL

A - co"l$ remember.

-f )a #aemen i# #)o%n o (o" %o"l$ (o" be able o reco'ni0e iL

A 8e# #ir.

No% #)o%in' (o" a #aemen aac)e$ o )e recor$# of )e pro#ec"or/#

office con#i#in' of %o pa'e# in$l( 'o o&er i an$ ell "# if (o"

reco'ni0e )i# #aemenL

A 8e# #ir - co"l$ reco'ni0e )i#.

-# )a (o"r #aemen

MA 8e# #ir.


14/26

??? ??? ???.

No% )i# bolo %)ic) accor$in' o (o" (o" #"rren$ere$ o )e #ol$ier a

)e #i'nal if (o" #ee )i# bolo a'ain %o"l$ (o" be able o reco'ni0e ia'ainL

A 8e# #ir.

;ro#ec"or +anola

e %o"l$ lie o mae re#er&aion for )i# %ine## o i$enif( )i# bolo %)en

)i# bolo i# pre#ene$ b( )e policeman %)o i# in c"#o$( of )i# bolo.

Co"r

=o% abo" )e nife %)ic) accor$in' o (o" %a# #een b( (o" a )e

%ai# line of )e acc"#e$ $i$ (o" brin' i al#oL

A - $i$ no brin' i #ir beca"#e i %a# broen #ir i %a# onl( )e bolo )a -

bro"').

No% %)ile (o" %ere bein' rape$ $i$ (o" #)o" for )elpL

A 8e# #ir.

=o% $i$ (o" a# for )elpL

A - a#e$ for )elp b" )e( %ere #leepin' )e( $i$ no )ear me #ir.

*)e "e#ion o (o" %a# )o% $i$ (o" a# for )elpL

A - crie$ an$ - #ai$ tulun'an po nin%o a(o.

Di$ an(bo$( re#pon$ o (o"r crie# for )elpL

A None #ir.

No% )o% $i$ (o" feel %)ile )e acc"#e$ %a# in#erin' )i# pri&ae par o

(o"r pri&ae parL

A - )"r #ir m( &a'ina an$ m( an"#, m( mo") )a )e bo?e$ me #ir.

No% %)( $i$ (o" #a( )a )e acc"#e$ %a# able o in#er )i# peni# ino

(o"r &a'inaL

A =e force$ )a o in#er i.


15/26

:orce$ i o %)ereL

A =e force$ i o ener m( &a'ina #ir.

Di$ (o" feel %)en )e pri&ae par of )e acc"#e$ enere$ o (o"r

&a'inaL

A 8e# #ir - feel i #ir.

B( )e %a( $o (o" no% )e acc"#e$ prior o )e $ae )a (o" %ere

a%aene$L

A - $o no no% )im.

-n #)or )e i# a complee #ran'er o (o" %)en )e enere$ )e roomL

A - #a% )im aro"n$ KK o/cloc in )e e&enin' )a )e %a# pa##in' )r")e fron of )e )o"#e of m( frien$# %)ere - %a# #leepin'.

A )a ime )a (o" %ere a%aen b( )e acc"#e$ %i) %)om %ere (o"

#leepin'L

A nl( me #ir.

;ro#ec"or +anola

No% (o" #ai$ )a %)ile (o" an$ )e acc"#e$ %ere l(in' $o%n fir# (o"

#ab )im %i) )e nife )o% man( ime# )a&e (o" #abbe$ )im %i) )enifeL

A - %a# no able o co"n beca"#e - %a# afrai$ of )im.

8o" #ai$ )a afer #abbin' )im %i) )e nife %)ic) (o" broe (o" 'o)ol$ of )e bolo (o" )ace$ )im )o% man( ime# )a&e (o" )ace$ )imL

A - faile$ o co"n )o% man( ime#. - )ace$ )im beca"#e - %a# afrai$ of

)im )e mi') ill me.

;ro#ec"or +anola

*)a %ill be all for )e %ine##.

Co"r

Cro##!e?aminaion.


16/26

A(. +analo

i) )e permi##ion of )e =onorable Co"r.

Co"r

;rocee$.

A(. +analo

No% %)o %ere %i) (o" a )e ime %)en (o" %ere #leepin' a )e)o"#e of (o"r frien$ a A:7A- :or BonifacioL

A ne of )eir c)il$ren #o )ere %ere )ree an$ - %a# one.

ere (o" #leepin' in one roomL

A - %a# #leepin' in )e #ala #ir. pr44

No% before (o" #leep in )a )o"#e a )e #ala $i$ (o" clo#e )e $oor of)a )o"#eL

A - %a# clo#e$ b" i %a# no loce$.

??? ??? ???.

No% %)en %)( %ere (o" inere#e$ in #leepin' in )e )o"#e of (o"r

frien$ %)en (o" co"l$ alrea$( a )e )o"#e of (o"r emplo(erL

A Beca"#e - %a# brin'in' mon'o o m( frien$ beca"#e - am in$ebe$ o)em #ir.

No% %)( $i$ (o" no re"rn o (o"r emplo(er afer 'i&in' or )an$in'

)a mon'o o (o"r frien$L

A *)e( ol$ me o #leep )ere beca"#e i %a# alrea$( lae a ni').

B( )e %a( %)a ime $i$ (o" 'o )ereL

A Aro"n$ 6KK o 63K in )e e&enin'.

An$ %)a ime $i$ (o" reac) (o"r frien$ a A:7A-L

A 63K #ir.

An$ 7alle 7er$e i# "# in ;a#i' i#n/L


17/26

A 8e# #ir.

- i# near %)ere (o" are emplo(e$ an$ i %ill ae (o" one ri$e onl( o

reac) )a place i#n/L

A *)ree ri$e# #ir.

No% %)ic) i# fir# o be reac)e$ from )e fron $oor of )e )o"#e %)ere

(o" %ere #leepin' a )e ime )e place %)ere (o" %ere #leepin' or )e

place of )e room %)ere )e o%ner of )e )o"#e %ere #leepin'L

A :ir# i i# )e #ala %)ere )e pa##e$.

No% (o" #ai$ )a )e $oor %a# no loce$ %a# )ere an( o)er

impro&i#e$ loce$ place$ in )a $oor lie a %oo$L

A *)e( $i$ no loc )e $oor beca"#e )e( are in confi$en.

No% %)a i# )e name of )e o%ner of )e )o"#e %)ere (o" #lep a )a

imeL

A ;aric #ir.

An$ )o% are (o" relae$ o ;aricL

A =i# %ife i# m( frien$ #ir.

)a i# )e name of )i# %ifeL

A -n$a( #ir.

No% %)en (o" %ere a%aen %)ile (o" %ere #leepin' in )e #ala of )e)o"#e of (o"r frien$ -n$a( $i$ (o" no #)o" %)en (o" #a% a per#on

p"llin' (o" )ol$in' a boloL

A - #)o"e$ b" )e( $i$ no )ear me beca"#e )e( %ere #leepin' an$ a )e

#ame ime )e place$ )i# )an$# on m( mo") #ir.

No% (o" #ai$ )a (o" %ere bo?e$ on )e c)e# b( )e acc"#e$ )o%man( ime# %ere (o" bo?e$ b( )e acc"#e$ on )e c)e#L

A - $o no no% )o% man( ime# - %a# bo?e$ #ir beca"#e - %a# reall(

afrai$ of )im.


18/26

B" (o" %ere #"re )a (o" %ere bo?e$ a )e c)e#L

A 8e# #ir.

Noeine## $emon#rain' %i) )er )an$# fir# poinin' on )er c)e# an$ al#o

on )er mo").

a# i #ron'L

A 8e# #ir i %a# #ron' beca"#e )e follo%in' $a( i )a# mare$.

Noeine## )ol$in' on )i# lef c)in.

=o% abo" on )e c)e#L

Noeine## $emon#rain' i %a# poine$ on )er c)e#.

A - %a# no oo #ron' #ir.

Di$ (o" fall $o%n on (o"r nee %)en (o" %ere )i b( )e blo%L

A 8e# #ir.

)ereL

A - fell on )e 'ro"n$ $o%n.

)ere %ere (o" bo?e$ b( )e acc"#e$L

A "#i$e #ir of )e )o"#e.

No% (o" #ai$ )a (o" %ere or$ere$ o "n$re## an$ o lie $o%n on )e

'ro"n$ i# )a correcL

A 8e# #ir.

An$ (o" follo%e$ )imL

A =e ol$ me o "n$re## in )e 'ara'e an$ )e al#o "n$re##e$ )im#elf an$beca"#e - %a# afrai$ beca"#e )e %a# )ol$in' a bolo #ir.

)en )e "n$re##e$ )im#elf %a# )e #ill )ol$in' a boloL

A 8e# #ir one )an$ %a# )ol$in' )e bolo )e o)er one )an$ )e %a#"n$re##in' )im#elf.


19/26

a# i li')e$ )e placeL

A None #ir.

=o% far %ere (o" %)en )e acc"#e$ %a# "n$re##in' )im#elfL

A Near #ir.

Di$ (o" #ee )i# pri&ae par %)en )e "n$re##e$ )im#elfL

A 8e# #ir.

=o% bi'L

;ro#ec"or +anola

-mmaerial (o"r )onor.

A(. +analo

*o e# )e cre$ibili(, (o"r )onor.

Co"r

An#%er

A - %a# $ar an$ - %a# able o #ee an$ - $o no no% beca"#e - %a# afrai$.

A(. +analo

An$ )en (o" lie $o%nL

A =e ol$ me o lie $o%n an$ )e place$ )im#elf on op of me.

a# )e #ill )ol$in' )e boloL

A 8e# #ir )e %a# )ol$in' )e bolo on )i# one )an$.

=o% $i$ (o" #ee )imL

A )en )e %a# )ol$in' )e bolo %i) )i# one )an$ %)ile - )e %a# on opof me - crie$ an$ )e %a# )ol$in' )e bolo.

Noeine## $emon#rain' )e acc"#e$ )ol$in' )e bolo "p%ar$.

A )en - crie$ )e %a# on op of me #ir.


20/26

)a %a# )e $oin' %)en )e %a# on op of (o"L

A =e %a# mole#in' me #ir.

??? ??? ???

No% %)a ime $i$ (o" #ee )im pa##e$ b( )e )o"#e of (o"r frien$accor$in' o (o"L

A 9KK o/cloc in )e e&enin' #ir. C$pr

)( %ere (o" #"re )a )e %a# )e one %)o pa##e$ b( )e )o"#e of (o"r

frien$L

A - #a% )im )a )e %a# pa##in'.

)ere %ere (o" a )e imeL

A - %a# #eain' b( )e %in$o% #ir. 7

*)e e#imon( of )e complainan abo" )e inci$en i# #rai')for%ar$, cae'orical, an$relai&el( free from an( #erio"# fla%. No compellin' rea#on i# a$&ance$ o #"fficienl(

per#"a$e )e Co"r o concl"$e )a )e rial co"r )a# erre$ in 'i&in' $"e %ei') an$

cre$ence o )e e#imon( of )e complainan. Nei)er i# e&i$ence a$$"ce$ o #)o% )a

)e complainan )a# )a$ an( "lerior moi&e o pre&aricae an$ enme#) acc"#e$!appellan

in a fabricae$ c)ar'e. *)e Co"r repea# )e familiar $ocrine )a %)en a %oman claim#

)a #)e )a# been rape$, #)e #a(# in effec all )a i# nece##ar( o #)o% #"c) a fac #o lon'

a# )er e#imon( can mee )e e# of cre$ibili(, 8for i i# #ai$ )a no %oman in )er ri')min$ %ill cr( rape, allo% e?aminaion of )er pri&ae par#, or #"bec )er#elf an$ )er

famil( o )e )"miliaion concomian o )e pro#ec"ion of )e ca#e, "nle## )e #or(

%ere r"e. 9

*e#if(in' in )i# $efen#e, acc"#e$!appellan claime$ )a )e an$ )e complainan )a$

been li&e$!in parner for almo# a (ear, an$ )a %)ile )e( $i$ #leep o'e)er on 26

A"'"# 1995 a )e porc) of )e )o"#e of a cerain Air :orce officer, acc"#e$!appellan

$enie$ an( carnal no%le$'e of )e &icim )a e&enin'. -n )i# appeal brief, acc"#e$!

appellan #o"') o ne'ae an( po##ible or liel( "#e of &iolence or inimi$aion,

con#i$erin' )a IaJ in )e )o"#e %)ere )e &icim %a# #leepin' on )e ni') of 26 A"'"#1995, )ere %ere a lea# )ree per#on# I)e careaer of )e )o"#e ;aric A"'"#o Ablon,

)i# %ife R"b(lin an$ )e co"ple/# #onJ %)o co"l$ )a&e re#pon$e$ o an( #)o" for )elp

from )e &icim IbJ )e $oor of )e )o"#e %a# p"rpo#el( lef "nloce$ in or$er o enable

acc"#e$!appellan o come in o )e )o"#e, an$ IcJ %)en )e &icim %a# ma$e o climb a

fence follo%e$ b( )e acc"#e$, #)e co"l$ )a&e e#cape$ b" $i$ no.
http://www.cdasiaonline.com/search/show_article/11094?search=title%3A+(alfanta)#footnoteshttp://www.cdasiaonline.com/search/show_article/11094?search=title%3A+(alfanta)#footnoteshttp://www.cdasiaonline.com/search/show_article/11094?search=title%3A+(alfanta)#footnoteshttp://www.cdasiaonline.com/search/show_article/11094?search=title%3A+(alfanta)#footnoteshttp://www.cdasiaonline.com/search/show_article/11094?search=title%3A+(alfanta)#footnoteshttp://www.cdasiaonline.com/search/show_article/11094?search=title%3A+(alfanta)#footnoteshttp://www.cdasiaonline.com/search/show_article/11094?search=title%3A+(alfanta)#footnotes


21/26

*)e #%ee)ear )eor( of acc"#e$!appellan %o"l$ appear o be ano)er %orn o"

#rae'(, ofen re#ore$ o a# a la# $ic) effor, o e?c"lpae one#elf from criminal

liabili(. No $oc"menar( e&i$ence of an( #or, lie a leer or a p)oo'rap) or an( piece

of memeno, %a# pre#ene$ o confirm a romanic liai#on be%een acc"#e$!appellan an$

)e complainan. *)e laer e#ifie$

-# i no a fac )a (o" an$ )e acc"#e$ %ere #%ee)ear#L

A No #ir.

An$ )a (o" %en o )a place A:7A- "# o mee )im in )a placeL

A No #ir )e i# no m( #%ee)ear. )( %ill - )ac )im if )e i# m(

#%ee)earL

8o" )ace$ )im %i) )e bolo beca"#e of (o" are oo m"c) ealo"#( i#

concerne$ beca"#e (o"r #%ee)ear %a# )en %omani0in'L

;ro#ec"or +anola

+i#lea$in' (o"r )onor.

A(. +analo

- am on cro##!e?aminaion (o"r =onor.

Co"r

An#%er.

A )( %ill - 'e ealo"# - )a&e no)in' o $o %i) )im. - $o no no% )im

#ir.

A(. +analo

Reall(L

A - $o no no% )im. - reall( $o no no% )im #ir.10

- %o"l$ be ra)er #ran'e an occ"rrence for a lo&e!parner, if r"e, o #ab )er belo&e$ for

pe( rea#on#. *)e rial co"r %a# no o" of line %)en i ma$e )i# e&al"aion viz

*)i# Co"r canno accep )e claim of acc"#e$ )a )e an$ complainan Nia

:ernan$e0 %ere #%ee)ear#, for #"c) a claim $efie# raionali(, le alone

common #en#e, beca"#e if )e( %ere #%ee)ear#, #)e %ill no )ac )im. Noonl( )a, )e manner on %)ic) #)e #abbe$ an$ )ace$ )im, fir# %i) a nife,
http://www.cdasiaonline.com/search/show_article/11094?search=title%3A+(alfanta)#footnoteshttp://www.cdasiaonline.com/search/show_article/11094?search=title%3A+(alfanta)#footnoteshttp://www.cdasiaonline.com/search/show_article/11094?search=title%3A+(alfanta)#footnoteshttp://www.cdasiaonline.com/search/show_article/11094?search=title%3A+(alfanta)#footnotes


22/26

)en %i) a bolo, #)o%# a complee an'er o &in$icae )e o"ra'e on )er. -f )e(

%ere #%ee)ear#, #)e %o"l$ no )a&e ace$ in )e manner #)e $i$ in #abbin'

an$ )acin' )im. A lea#, if )e( )a&e #ome relaion#)ip, #)e %o"l$ no #)o%an'er )e %a( #)e $i$.11

Nei)er %o"l$ )e pre#ence of a lea# )ree per#on# on )e ni') of 26 A"'"# 1995 in )e)o"#e %)ere &icim %a# #leepin' nece##aril( $i#pro&e )e #e?"al a##a"l. - %a# alrea$(

clo#e o mi$ni') %)en )e inci$en occ"rre$, an$ )e o)er occ"pan# of )e )o"#e %ere

b( )en apparenl( all #o"n$ a#leep. *)e e&i$ence i# o )e effec )a acc"#e$!appellan

imme$iael( afer 'ein' ino )e )o"#e )i )er on )e a%, p" )i# )an$ on )er mo") an$

)reaene$ o ill )er if #)e $are$ ref"#e o (iel$ o )i# $eman$#.


23/26

circ"m#ance can be con#i$ere$ %)en an acc"#e$ ae# a$&ana'e of )e #ilence an$

$arne## of )e ni') o en#"re imp"ni( from )i# ille'al ac. 18

i) re#pec o i'nomin(, )e &icim e#ifie$ )a afer appellan )a$ in#ere$ )i# peni#

ino )er &a'ina, appellan or$ere$ )er o lie face $o%n an$ %)ile in )a po#iion )a$ )i#

peni# ino )er an"#. *)ereafer, )e or$ere$ )er o lie $o%n a'ain an$ )i# ime )e in#ere$)i# fin'er in#i$e )er. *)e olicior General correcl( in&oe$ )e ca#e of #eople vs.

Sa%lan, 19%)ere )i# Co"r #ai$

*)e rial co"r )el$ )a )ere %a# i'nomin( beca"#e )e appellan "#e$ no

onl( )e mi##ionar( po#iion, i.e. male #"perior, female inferior, b" al#o /)e#ame po#iion a# $o'# $o/ i.e., enr( from be)in$. *)e appellan claim# )ere

%a# no i'nomin( beca"#e /*)e #"$ie# of man( e?per# in )e maer )a&e

#)o%n )a )i# /po#iion/ i# no no&el an$ )a# repeae$l( an$ ofen been re#ore$

o b( co"ple# in )e ac of cop"laion./ IBrief, p. 2.J *)i# ma( %ell be if )e#e?"al ac i# performe$ b( con#enin' parner# b" no o)er%i#e.20

Aricle 1, para'rap) 1, of )e Re&i#e$ ;enal Co$e con#i$er# o be an a''ra&ain'

circ"m#ance an( mean# emplo(e$ or circ"m#ance bro"') abo" %)ic) a$$ i'nomin( o

)e na"ral effec# of )e ac. *)e circ"m#ance, i i# #ai$, 21perain# o )e moral or$er[an$] a$$# $i#'race an$ oblo"( o )e maerial in"r( ca"#e$ b( )e crime.

*)e crime of rape i# commie$ b( )a&in' carnal no%le$'e of a %oman "n$er an( of )e

follo%in' circ"m#ance#

1.B( "#in' force or inimi$aion

2.)en )e %oman i# $epri&e$ of rea#on or o)er%i#e "ncon#cio"# an$

3.)en )e %oman i# "n$er %el&e (ear# of a'e or i# $emene$.

*)e crime of rape #)all be p"ni#)e$ b( reclusion perpetua.

)ene&er )e crime of rape i# commie$ %i) )e "#e of a $ea$l( %eapon or

b( %o or more per#on#, )e penal( #)all be reclusion perpetua o $ea). 22

-n )e ca#e a bar, i remaine$ "nconro&ere$ )a acc"#e$!appellan %a# arme$ %i) a

bolo o reali0e )i# criminal obeci&e. None)ele##, )e "#e of a $ea$l( %eapon co"l$ no

be con#i$ere$ a# a "alif(in' circ"m#ance in )e crime of rape 23for no )a&in' been

corre#pon$in'l( alle'e$ in )e informaion a# o mae )e offen#e fall "n$er )e

"ri#pr"$eniall( referre$ "alifie$ rape p"ni#)able b( reclusion perpetua o $ea). -n

#eople vs. Garcia, 24)e Co"r $eclare$
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ne f"r)er ob#er&aion. Aricle 335 ori'inall( pro&i$e$ onl( for #imple rape

p"ni#)able b( r!"#$%&' (r()#*+ ,#) R(#,"%! A!) N&. 4111 %')r&-#!-

*'-')$ )/r)& ,y (r&%-%' &r #*"%%- &r$ & r*( !*rry%' )/

-*)/ ('*")y+ )/*) %$+ /' !&%))- %)/ )/ #$ & * -*-"y *(&' &r

,y )& &r &r (r$&'$* %)en b( rea#on or on )e occa#ion of )e rape )e

&icim become# in#ane, or, "n$er )e #ame circ"m#ance#, a )omici$e i#commie$. *)e )omici$e in )e la# %o in#ance# in effec creae$ a #pecial

comple? crime of rape %i) )omici$e. T/ %r$) )& *))'-*') !%r!#$)*'!$*r !&'$%-r- *$ #%*"') )& #*"%y%' !%r!#$)*'!$ $%'! )/y %'!r*$

)/ ('*")%$ ,y -r$+ *'- '&) r"y *$ *r**)%' !%r!#$)*'!$

/%!/ *!) &'"y )/ (r%&- & )/ ('*")y ,#) -& '&) %'!r*$ %) )& * /%/r

-r. *)e ori'inal pro&i#ion# of Aricle 335 an$ )e amen$men# of Rep"blic

Ac No. 111 are #ill mainaine$.

??? ??? ???.

N&+ %) /*$ "&' ,' )/ r#" )/*) #*"%y%' !%r!#$)*'!$ #$) ,(r&(r"y ("*-- %' )/ %'-%!)'). I )/ $* *r '&) ("*-- ,#) (r&-+

)/y $/*"" , !&'$%-r- &'"y *$ *r**)%' !%r!#$)*'!$ I#eople vs.Collado, 6K ;)il. 61K [193]#eople vs. &ovellano* et al., 4!3221, +arc) 2,

19, 56 CRA 156#eople vs. +uertes, G.R. No. 1KK6, @an"ar( 1, 199,

229 CRA 2H9#eople vs. Rodico* et al., G.R. No. 1K1K1, cober 16, 1995,29 CRA 3K9.J #ince )e laer a$mi of proof e&en if no plea$e$. IU.S. vs.

Campo, 23 ;)il. 36H [1912]#eople vs. ,omondon, 6K ;)il. 29 [193]#eople

vs. ,e Guzman, G.R. No. 36, A"'"# 19HH, 16 CRA 215.J -n$ee$, i

%o"l$ be a $enial of )e ri') of )e acc"#e$ o be informe$ of )e c)ar'e#a'ain# )im an$, con#e"enl(, a $enial of $"e proce##, if )e i# c)ar'e$ %i)

#imple rape an$ be con&ice$ of i# "alifie$ form p"ni#)able %i) $ea),al)o"') )e aen$an circ"m#ance "alif(in' )e offen#e an$ re#"lin' incapial p"ni#)men %a# no alle'e$ in )e in$icmen on %)ic) )e %a#

arrai'ne$. 25

imple rape i# p"ni#)able b( a #in'le in$i&i#ible penal( of reclusion perpetua. *)"#,

e&en if )ere %ere a''ra&ain' circ"m#ance# of ni')ime an$ i'nomin( in aen$ance

)e appropriae penal( %o"l$ #ill be reclusion perpetua "n$er )e la%. Aricle 63 of

)e Re&i#e$ ;enal Co$e pro&i$e# )a in all ca#e# in %)ic) )e la% pre#cribe# a #in'le

in$i&i#ible penal(, i #)all be applie$ b( )e co"r# re'ar$le## of an( mii'ain' or

a''ra&ain' circ"m#ance# )a ma( )a&e aen$e$ )e commi##ion of )e $ee$.

=ERE:RE, )e $eci#ion of )e rial co"r fin$in' acc"#e$!appellan Rolan$o Alfana

'"il( be(on$ rea#onable $o"b of )e crime of rape i# A::-R+ED -*=

+D-:-CA*-N b( )ereb( lo%erin' )e penal( )erein impo#e$ from $ea) o

reclusion perpetua. An a%ar$ of ;5K,KKK.KK for moral $ama'e# i# lie%i#e or$ere$ o be

pai$ b( acc"#e$!appellan Rolan$o Alfana o )e &icim Nia =ernan$e0 in a$$iion o

)e #"m of ;5K,KKK.KK b( %a( of in$emni( e delictu 'rane$ b( )e rial co"r.
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RDERED.

,avide* &r.* C.&.* ellosillo* /elo* #uno* 0apunan* /endoza* #an'aniban* 1uisumbin'*

#urisima* #ardo* uena* Gonza'a-Re%es* 2nares-Santia'oan$,e Leon* &r.* &&.*conc"r.

Footnotes

1.;er @"$'e Robero C. Diono.

2.ri'inal Recor$#, p. 1.

3.bid., pp. 19!156.

.bid., p. 156.

5.Brief for ;lainiff!Appellee, p. 2.

6.#eople vs. Teodoro, 2HK CRA 3H.

.*N, Nia :ernan$e0, K9 cober 1995, pp. 1K!22.

H.#eople vs. Roncal, 22 CRA 22#eople vs. 1uitoriano, 266 CRA 33.

9.#eople vs. /amala%an, 2HK CRA H.

1K.*N, K9 cober 1995, p. 22.

11.Rollo, p. 19.

12.ee#eople vs. /atrimonio*215 CRA 613#eople vs. Codilla, 22 CRA 1K.

13.Cie$ in 4"i# B. Re(e#, Re&i#e$ ;enal Co$e, 7ol. -, *)ireen) E$iion, p. 356.

1.Aricle 13, Ci&il Co$e.

15.#eople vs. Ca%ab%ab, 2 CRA 3H#eople vs. "arciso, 262 CRA 1.

16.ee#eople vs. Gelera, 2 CRA 5K#eople vs. Ra)uinio, 1 CRA 91.

1.ee#eople vs. Grefiel, 215 CRA 596.

1H.bid.

19.13K CRA 159.

2K.A, p. 16.


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21.Re&i#e$ ;enal Co$e, C)ief @"#ice Ramon C. A"ino an$ @"#ice Carolina C. Grio!A"ino,

7ol. 1, 199 E$iion, p. .

22.ec. 11, Ar. 335, R.A. 659.

23.#eople vs. Codilla, 22 CRA 1K #eople vs. Lemberte, 12 CRA 6H5 #eople vs.Garcia, 1K5 CRA 6#eople vs. Entes, 1K3 CRA 162.

2.2H1 CRA 63.

25.A pp. HH!H9.

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