Penobscot Indian Nation GIS Capacity

PIN’s GIS Application PIN’s GIS Application on Forest on Forest

ManagementManagement

Binke Binke Wang*Wang*GIS Specialist, M.Sc.GIS Specialist, M.Sc.

Department of Natural Resources Department of Natural Resources Penobscot Indian NationPenobscot Indian Nation

* * Work completed together with forest staffWork completed together with forest staff

AgendaAgenda

• Penobscot Indian Nation (PIN) & its Penobscot Indian Nation (PIN) & its Land HoldingsLand Holdings

• DNR programs, & GIS facilities, data DNR programs, & GIS facilities, data & services& services

• Timber Resources, Forest Timber Resources, Forest management Goals & its Strategic management Goals & its Strategic PlanPlan

• GIS support to forest road and GIS support to forest road and timber type managementtimber type management

• GIS applications on Forest Zone GIS applications on Forest Zone Strategic Management PlanStrategic Management Plan

• Summary & QuestionsSummary & Questions

• Located in eastern Located in eastern Maine, federally Maine, federally recognized 1980recognized 1980

• Comprised of >200 Comprised of >200 islands, from Old islands, from Old Town onto the NorthTown onto the North

• Headquarters at Headquarters at Indian Island, Old Indian Island, Old Town, MaineTown, Maine

PIN PIN ReservatiReservati

onon

• >2200 Tribal >2200 Tribal membersmembers

• 22% on Indian 22% on Indian Island, the Island, the reservation; reservation;

• 57% in Maine, 43% 57% in Maine, 43% in other states, mostly in other states, mostly in New Englandin New England

• 75% of Maine 75% of Maine Penobscot within 50 Penobscot within 50 mi of Old Townmi of Old Town

75%@50mi75%@50mi

43%43%

57%57%

22%22%22%22%

Penobscot Penobscot PeoplePeople

• Tribal Government & Tribal Government & Community Center Community Center located at located at

• Only populated Rez. Only populated Rez. island, southernmost island, southernmost of Rez. of Rez.

• >500 Tribal members, >500 Tribal members, 22%, reside on22%, reside on

• Tribal business & Tribal business & services here as wellservices here as well

Indian IslandIndian Island

• Reservation Islands: 4424 ac Reservation Islands: 4424 ac

• Trust Land: 96335 ac, Trust Land: 96335 ac,

• Fee Land: 27398 acFee Land: 27398 ac

• Total lands: 128157 ac Total lands: 128157 ac

PIN Land holdingsPIN Land holdings

Chief & CouncilChief & Council

Human ServicesHuman Services Planning/Eco. Dev.Planning/Eco. Dev.

Public SafetyPublic SafetyFinancesFinances

Housing AuthorityHousing Authority Natural Resources

MaintenanceMaintenanceGrant & ContractsGrant & Contracts

Health ServicesHealth Services Trust ResponsibilityTrust Responsibility

Treatment PlantTreatment PlantPersonnelPersonnel

Career & EducationCareer & Education Cultural ResourcesCultural Resources

AdministrationAdministration Human CareHuman Care Public WorksPublic WorksResources CareResources Care

Tribal Government & Tribal Government & DNRDNR

DNR Programs & DNR Programs & GISGIS

Secretary and License

Administration

GIGISS

Department of Natural ResourcesPenobscot Indian Nation

Water Resources Management

Fisheries Resources Management

Air Quality Management

Forest Resources Management

WildlifeManagement

Warden Services

Basic GIS Basic GIS FacilitiesFacilities

ArcGIS9.1 w/extensions:ArcGIS9.1 w/extensions:

• 3D Analyst3D Analyst

• Spatial AnalystSpatial Analyst

• Geo-statistical AnalystGeo-statistical Analyst

• PublisherPublisher

• Street MapStreet Map

ArcView3.3 w/extensions:ArcView3.3 w/extensions:

• 3D Analyst3D Analyst

• Spatial AnalystSpatial Analyst

• Network Analyst Network Analyst

• Image AnalysisImage Analysis

ALTEK 44x56 ALTEK 44x56 DigitizerDigitizer

HP5500uv HP5500uv PlotterPlotter

General Data availabilityGeneral Data availability

ExtentExtent ContentContent Sample layersSample layers

Trust Trust landslands

Cadastral &Cadastral &

Projects createdProjects created

bnd, timber types, soils, wetlands, camps, cultural points, spring, mill, bnd, timber types, soils, wetlands, camps, cultural points, spring, mill, wildlife/some, road/class/inv, contours, water, zones, drg7.5m, ortho-wildlife/some, road/class/inv, contours, water, zones, drg7.5m, ortho-aerial, hunting/forest mapsaerial, hunting/forest maps

Fee Fee landslands

Basic elementsBasic elements bnd, soils/some, contours, road, water, drg7.5m, ortho-aerial, hunting bnd, soils/some, contours, road, water, drg7.5m, ortho-aerial, hunting mapsmaps

Rez. Rez. islandsislands

Basic elements & Basic elements & administrationadministration

bnd, soils, contours, road, water, drg7.5m, ortho-aerial, island#/name, bnd, soils, contours, road, water, drg7.5m, ortho-aerial, island#/name, lot@orson & olamon, lot maps, navigation mapslot@orson & olamon, lot maps, navigation maps

Indian Indian IslandIsland

Civil eng, real Civil eng, real estatesestates

bnd, soils, contours, road, water, drg7.5m, ortho-aerial, lots, flood, bnd, soils, contours, road, water, drg7.5m, ortho-aerial, lots, flood, buildings, streets, water line, sewer line, hydrants, multi-dated ortho-buildings, streets, water line, sewer line, hydrants, multi-dated ortho-aerial, more mapsaerial, more maps

Pen Pen Water-Water-shedshed

Hydro, WQ, Hydro, WQ, WTR/projects WTR/projects CreatedCreated

watershed/basins, hua, stream class, water system, dams, fishery watershed/basins, hua, stream class, water system, dams, fishery habitat, ownership, rez-islands, boat landing, sediment, wam, habitat, ownership, rez-islands, boat landing, sediment, wam, conductivity, wq-sites, discharge, NPDES, facility, duck box, bugs pt, conductivity, wq-sites, discharge, NPDES, facility, duck box, bugs pt, algae, dioxinalgae, dioxin

State+State+ Background, air Background, air & water projects & water projects downloadeddownloaded

State bnd, routes, rivers, streams, lakes/ponds, , watershed, bedrocks, State bnd, routes, rivers, streams, lakes/ponds, , watershed, bedrocks, soils, contour, DEM, wells, aquifer, congrs, census, county, township, soils, contour, DEM, wells, aquifer, congrs, census, county, township, air monitoring sites, wq-sites, discharge, NPDES, facility, map sheet air monitoring sites, wq-sites, discharge, NPDES, facility, map sheet indexindex

Data Data spec. spec.

Fully compatible Fully compatible with publicwith public

Geometry identified & defined as UTM, Nad83, zone19; also Albers, Geometry identified & defined as UTM, Nad83, zone19; also Albers, State plane, Nad27; State plane, Nad27; >20GB, feature/image, 50%/50%>20GB, feature/image, 50%/50%

Typical GIS Services Typical GIS Services

• Overall GIS processing/operations:Overall GIS processing/operations:– New layer capture and update; New layer capture and update;

– Spatial analysis and modeling;Spatial analysis and modeling;

– Map design and output; Map design and output;

– Database integration and manipulation; Database integration and manipulation;

– System maintenance, trouble shooting and upgradeSystem maintenance, trouble shooting and upgrade

• Focus on DNR programs, also other Depts: Focus on DNR programs, also other Depts: – DTR, PED, Cultural Resources, DTR, PED, Cultural Resources,

– Housing, Maintenance, Public Safety, Housing, Maintenance, Public Safety,

– Council/Chief & Tribal Members…Council/Chief & Tribal Members…

• Outreached with outside entities for data exchange, tec upgrade: Outreached with outside entities for data exchange, tec upgrade: – GIS/eng services, work for the tribe, or on tribal property; GIS/eng services, work for the tribe, or on tribal property;

– Federal, State, other tribal governments; Federal, State, other tribal governments;

– Educational/research/technology/academic institutionsEducational/research/technology/academic institutions

• Participate in conference, training session & other technology exchange Participate in conference, training session & other technology exchange sites as a rep of tribal GIS,sites as a rep of tribal GIS,

Sample Projects Sample Projects completedcompleted

• ForestForest: annual timber inventory, update, road inventory, maintenance, : annual timber inventory, update, road inventory, maintenance, classify, update, water classify, update, zone plan/update classify, update, water classify, update, zone plan/update

• Water resourcesWater resources: monitoring site mapping, watershed, discharge, waste : monitoring site mapping, watershed, discharge, waste disposal facility mapping, spatial analysis; wetland, landfill disposal facility mapping, spatial analysis; wetland, landfill

• Fishery & wildlifeFishery & wildlife: dams, species inventory, gps data organize, habitat, spatial : dams, species inventory, gps data organize, habitat, spatial pattern/temporal trendpattern/temporal trend

• Air qualityAir quality: monitoring site maps: monitoring site maps

• DTR/Public safety DTR/Public safety : E911/indian island access, Rez lot automation, assignment, : E911/indian island access, Rez lot automation, assignment, set-aside set-aside

• PED/OutreachPED/Outreach: alder stream & Carrabassett wind mill layout/analysis, Pine-: alder stream & Carrabassett wind mill layout/analysis, Pine-tree landfill; data provision to business partners;tree landfill; data provision to business partners;

• HousingHousing: lot/background element info, site plan for land development; : lot/background element info, site plan for land development;

• MaintenanceMaintenance: Trust land route inventory, mapping: Trust land route inventory, mapping

• Cultural resCultural res: special site plan, historical site mapping : special site plan, historical site mapping

• Council/ChiefCouncil/Chief: Tribal member residency vs Indian-island proximity: Tribal member residency vs Indian-island proximity

• Tribal members/museumTribal members/museum: Miscellaneous maps, game/business navigation, : Miscellaneous maps, game/business navigation, hunting, property mgthunting, property mgt

• Soft wood is major, Soft wood is major, hard wood minor;hard wood minor;

• Some mixed wood, Some mixed wood, less others: alder; less others: alder;

• Quite bit wetland, Quite bit wetland, bog, flowage & bog, flowage & water areas;water areas;

• Timber in all tribal Timber in all tribal land, management land, management on the trust lands: on the trust lands: 69359 ac. 69359 ac.

PIN Timber PIN Timber ResourcesResources

Timber types (%@area)Timber types (%@area) in Trust Landsin Trust Lands

Forest: Forest: Resource Resource

& Eco-element& Eco-element• Important natural resources:Important natural resources:

Timber productsTimber products Wildlife habitat;Wildlife habitat;

• Critical ecosystem element:Critical ecosystem element: Water resource: wetland, Water resource: wetland,

runoff process, ground water;runoff process, ground water; Soil erosion & water quality;Soil erosion & water quality; Mass movement & slope Mass movement & slope

stability; stability; Micro-climate: ground wind Micro-climate: ground wind

speed, humidity and heat..speed, humidity and heat..

• Human being social life: Human being social life: Historical/cultural sitesHistorical/cultural sites Recreational sitesRecreational sites Regional water balance, Regional water balance, Long-term atmosphere Long-term atmosphere

circulation & global climate circulation & global climate changechange

• Optimize income from logging—timber harvestOptimize income from logging—timber harvest

• Make multiple uses & sustain the yieldsMake multiple uses & sustain the yields

• Maintain water quality & wetland resourcesMaintain water quality & wetland resources

• Protect wildlife & fisheries habitatProtect wildlife & fisheries habitat

• Mitigate environmental hazards/damage/degradationMitigate environmental hazards/damage/degradation

• Harmonize nature sustainability vs. human desire Harmonize nature sustainability vs. human desire

• Care for Cultural/historical sites & prized plants/speciesCare for Cultural/historical sites & prized plants/species

• Preserve scenic beauty & recreational resourcesPreserve scenic beauty & recreational resources• Maintain access (roads) for management & property Maintain access (roads) for management & property

usageusage

Basic Goals Basic Goals of Forest Managementof Forest Management

ProjectProjectActivity Activity

PlanPlan

Strategic Strategic PlanPlan

ProgramProgramPlanPlan

Integrated Resource Integrated Resource Management PlanManagement Plan

Wildlife Wildlife Management Management

PlanPlan

Forest Forest ResourceResource

ManagementManagementPlanPlan

Cultural Cultural ResourceResource

Management Management

PlanPlan

Water Water ResourceResource

Management Management PlanPlan

Environment Environment Hazard Hazard

Mitigation Mitigation PlanPlan

ActivitiesActivitiesoperationsoperations

Water quality; Water quality; Wetland Wetland

resources; resources; HydrologyHydrology

Archeology; Archeology; Anthropology; Anthropology; Indian historyIndian history

PopulationPopulation/species; /species; Habitat; Habitat; MigrationMigration

Timber types; Timber types; Forest engineering; Forest engineering;

Comprehensive Comprehensive resources; resources;

EnvironmentalEnvironmental

Soil erosion;Soil erosion;Mass movement; Mass movement;

Avalanche; Avalanche; Beaver damming; Beaver damming; Cliff/high elevationCliff/high elevation





• Timber Type InventoryTimber Type Inventory

• Timber Product HarvestTimber Product Harvest

• Road Design and Layout Road Design and Layout

• Road Classification and MaintenanceRoad Classification and Maintenance

• Zoning Strategic Plan of Forest Management Zoning Strategic Plan of Forest Management Water body bufferWater body buffer Road bufferRoad buffer Wildlife habitat areaWildlife habitat area Wetland areaWetland area Recreational areaRecreational area Cultural/historical sitesCultural/historical sites Environment sensitive sites: high elevation, steep slope…Environment sensitive sites: high elevation, steep slope…

GIS/GPS Projects with GIS/GPS Projects with Forest ManagementForest Management

• Timber type resources Timber type resources inventory; inventory;

• Timber product Timber product harvest plan; harvest plan;

• Timber growth Timber growth monitoring, monitoring,

• Timber volume Timber volume estimateestimate

• Timber status Timber status assessment & potential assessment & potential evaluationevaluation pattern view, pattern view, query, query, statistical statistical

manipulation,manipulation, modelingmodeling mappingmapping

GIS/GPS support GIS/GPS support to Timber to Timber

OperationsOperations

• Road layout design & Road layout design & road network road network analysis, analysis,

• Road classification,Road classification,

• Road acreage Road acreage estimate, estimate,

• Road engineering: Road engineering: building, building, maintenance & maintenance & upgrade, upgrade,

• Access & delivery Access & delivery info for forest info for forest management, management, recreation & other recreation & other on-site businesson-site business

GIS/GPS support to GIS/GPS support to Forest Road Forest Road

SystemsSystems

• Linear object buffer: roads, streams;Linear object buffer: roads, streams;

• Polygon object buffer: rivers, wetland, lake/ponds;Polygon object buffer: rivers, wetland, lake/ponds;

• Other area delineation: wildlife habitat, recreational/high Other area delineation: wildlife habitat, recreational/high view areas, high elevation area, extracted/digitized from view areas, high elevation area, extracted/digitized from other layers/sources, GPSed from field;other layers/sources, GPSed from field;

• Set-aside layer creation: cultural/historical sites/areas (no Set-aside layer creation: cultural/historical sites/areas (no definite boundary), gravel pits, environmental sensitive definite boundary), gravel pits, environmental sensitive sites; sites;

• Multi-data integration, deliverable finalization: layers, Multi-data integration, deliverable finalization: layers, data table or maps.data table or maps.

GIS GIS Operations Operations for Zoning for Zoning

PlanPlan

GIS Flow Chart GIS Flow Chart

Primary objectsPrimary objectselementselements

GIS OperationsGIS Operations Temp layersTemp layers GIS operationsGIS operations Final layers/mapsFinal layers/maps

Set Set AsideAsidePoint Point LayerLayer


ManagementManagementZoning Zoning

Map/PlanMap/Plan

ZoneZoneType Type LayerLayer

RoadsRoadsStreamsStreams

Temp Temp PolygonsPolygons

Rivers, Ponds, Rivers, Ponds, Lakes & Lakes &

WetlandsWetlands

Deer Wintering Deer Wintering areasareas

Recreational Recreational AreasAreas

PolyPolyBufferBuffer

Line Line bufferbuffer

GPSGPSDigitizedDigitizedExtractedExtracted

UnionUniontogethertogether

Set AsideSet Asidesitessites

High High ElevationElevation

AreasAreas

ExtractedExtractedFromFrom

ContourContour

GPSGPSDigitizedDigitized

Road/Stream Road/Stream Buffer zonesBuffer zones

Water/wetland Water/wetland Buffer zonesBuffer zones

Wildlife/View Wildlife/View Protection areasProtection areas

Set asideSet asideareasareas

Set asideSet asideSitesSites

Calculate Calculate Zone typesZone types

CalculateCalculateZone typesZone types




Union sub-layersUnion sub-layersCalculate overall typesCalculate overall typesPrioritize zone classPrioritize zone classFix sliver polysFix sliver polysDissolve redundancyDissolve redundancy

• Specify a segment of Specify a segment of the objects: roads, the objects: roads, or streams—GPS or or streams—GPS or extracted from extracted from existing existing information; information;

• Identify the class or Identify the class or grade of the grade of the road/stream road/stream segments;segments;

• Assign a buffer Assign a buffer distance to the distance to the object;object;

• Create bufferCreate buffer

• Calculate zone type Calculate zone type valuevalue

Linear Object Linear Object BufferBuffer

Polygon Object Polygon Object BufferBuffer

• Specify target Specify target areas/polys: ponds, areas/polys: ponds, lakes & rivers--lakes & rivers--extracted from existing extracted from existing information; information;

• Identify the features Identify the features for buffer sizes;for buffer sizes;

• Assign a buffer Assign a buffer distance to a field for distance to a field for each area;each area;

• Create bufferCreate buffer

• Combine target areas Combine target areas & buffer& buffer

• Calculate zone type Calculate zone type valuevalue

• Deer Wintering area: Deer Wintering area: LURC zoned deer LURC zoned deer yards, extracted/ yards, extracted/ digitizeddigitized

• Wetland areas: Wetland areas: extracted from the extracted from the LURC zoned wetlands LURC zoned wetlands & other mapped & other mapped wetlands wetlands

• Recreational areas: Recreational areas: lake sites, Hill top…, , lake sites, Hill top…, , current/potential, current/potential, GPS/digitizedGPS/digitized

• High elevation (>2700 High elevation (>2700 ft): extracted from a ft): extracted from a contour layer;contour layer;

Other Area Other Area DelineationDelineation

• Cultural/historical Cultural/historical interest sites, point or interest sites, point or no-definite-boundary no-definite-boundary areas; areas;

• Human disturbed sites: Human disturbed sites: gravel pit, gravel pit,

• Recreational sites: Recreational sites: current or potential: current or potential: Boat landing, Boat landing, Bog area, open area, Bog area, open area,

scenic stretch;scenic stretch; Camp sites; Camp sites; Public springsPublic springs

GPS/digitized from GPS/digitized from various sourcesvarious sources

Set-Aside Layer Set-Aside Layer

• Union individual Union individual transit zone layerstransit zone layers

• Fix sliver polygons; Fix sliver polygons;

• Calculate overall Calculate overall zone type values;zone type values;

• Prioritize zone Prioritize zone types; types;

• Dissolve redundant Dissolve redundant boundaryboundary

• Finalize zone type Finalize zone type layerslayers

Multi-data Multi-data IntegrationIntegration

GIS Flow GIS Flow Chart Chart

Primary objectsPrimary objectselementselements

GIS OperationsGIS Operations Temp layersTemp layers GIS operationsGIS operations Final layers/mapsFinal layers/maps

Set Set AsideAsidePoint Point LayerLayer


ManagementManagementZoning Zoning

Map/PlanMap/Plan

ZoneZoneType Type LayerLayer

RoadsRoadsStreamsStreams

Temp Temp PolygonsPolygons

Rivers, Ponds, Rivers, Ponds, Lakes & Lakes &

WetlandsWetlands

Deer Wintering Deer Wintering areasareas

Recreational Recreational AreasAreas

PolyPolyBufferBuffer

Line Line bufferbuffer

GPSGPSDigitizedDigitizedExtractedExtracted

UnionUniontogethertogether

Set AsideSet Asidesitessites

High High ElevationElevation

AreasAreas

ExtractedExtractedFromFrom

ContourContour

GPSGPSDigitizedDigitized

Road/Stream Road/Stream Buffer zonesBuffer zones

Water/wetland Water/wetland Buffer zonesBuffer zones

Wildlife/View Wildlife/View Protection areasProtection areas

Set asideSet asideareasareas

Set asideSet asideSitesSites

Calculate Calculate Zone typesZone types





Union sub-layersUnion sub-layersCalculate overall typesCalculate overall typesPrioritize zone classPrioritize zone classFix sliver polysFix sliver polysDissolve redundancyDissolve redundancy

• Produced a zone Produced a zone map with polygon map with polygon and point zone and point zone information; information;

• Created statistical Created statistical zoning data using zoning data using the attributes; the attributes;

• Made plans 2001 & Made plans 2001 & 20032003

• Kept track of new Kept track of new development, development, maintain data maintain data updateupdate

Zoning Zoning Maps/PlanMaps/Plan

Zone Plan 2001Zone Plan 2001

• Easier, efficient, Easier, efficient, straight-forward straight-forward operations; operations;

• Create reliable & Create reliable & flexible format of flexible format of data layersdata layers

• Provide multiple Provide multiple scenarios for scenarios for optimum operations. optimum operations.

• Critical steps: buffer Critical steps: buffer object identifications; object identifications; zone type order zone type order settingsetting

ConclusionConclusionZone Plan 2003Zone Plan 2003

• PIN, a tribe at Penobscot River, Maine, has quite bit of land PIN, a tribe at Penobscot River, Maine, has quite bit of land holdings, including forest resources/environment; holdings, including forest resources/environment;

• A Forest Program & GIS in the DNR set up to take care of the A Forest Program & GIS in the DNR set up to take care of the PIN forest resources & other spatial data issues; PIN forest resources & other spatial data issues;

• Forest, as a resource & a part of environment, plays a critical Forest, as a resource & a part of environment, plays a critical role in ecosystem; complicated goals & integrated strategy role in ecosystem; complicated goals & integrated strategy required for forest management;required for forest management;

• GIS applied in the forest management with success, examples GIS applied in the forest management with success, examples presented include: GIS supports forest road maintenance, presented include: GIS supports forest road maintenance, timber type management, and zone plan creation;timber type management, and zone plan creation;

• Zone plan made of a series road, water & wetland buffers, and Zone plan made of a series road, water & wetland buffers, and other sensitive protection areas, where GIS applied effectively.other sensitive protection areas, where GIS applied effectively.

SummarySummary

Questions?Questions?

Thanks Thanks for your attention!for your attention!

Penobscot Indian Nation GIS Capacity

Technology

Transcript of Penobscot Indian Nation GIS Capacity