A Train Tour of the Northeast

Pennsylvania

MaineMaryland

Delaware

Vermont

New Hampshire Massachusetts

Rhode IslandConnecticu

t

New Jersey

New York

The Northeast

United States

Questions to think about

Why do we call the Northeast the “birthplace of our nation”?

Why did our nations first factories start here?

What large cities are found in the Northeast?

West Quoddy Head, Maine

-Northeast Maine

-Northernmost part of

the United States

-The lighthouse keeps

ships from crashing

into the shore.

The Sun rises here

before anywhere else in

the country

Fishing is very important – fishing harbors are found throughout the coastline

Moving glaciers carved out the once smooth coastline a long time ago

Northeastern Coast - Maine

Click the boat to hear the fog horn

-The coast use to be smooth until the Ice Age-When glaciers melted, the sea flowed into

the places where they were.Harbors formed.

The Mountains of the Northeast – New Hampshire

Mt. Washington – highest peak in the Northeast at 6,288 ft.Some of the world’s

most severe weatherPossibility of snow all

year longPeak is very windy

Vocabulary Peak – the top of a

mountain

Maine - New HampshireState Capital -

AugustaConcord

Mount Washington Cog Railway

Mount Washington Cog Railway is used to get to the top – running on the 2nd steepest railway in the world

A part of the White Mountains which are connected to the Appalachian Mountain RangeClick the train to go to

The Cog Railway

Appalachian Mountain RangeOne of the

oldest mountain ranges in the world.

VermontMountains known for

skiing Great foliage in the

fallState Capital -

Montpelier

Rhode IslandSmallest state in the

US. Newport, RI known

for sailing and it is a large port.

State Capital - Providence

ConnecticutState Capital -

HartfordMark Twain’s Home

Massachusetts

State Capitol – Boston

Cape Cod is where the Pilgrims landed

About 400 yrs ago the Pilgrims landed in Massachusetts

They left England in 1602 on a ship called the Mayflower – a reproduction of the ship can now be seen at Plymouth Harbor

Half of the passengers were Pilgrims searching for religious freedom, the other half, known as “strangers” were looking to settle in Virginia

Democracy Takes Root at Plymouth

A storm blew the ship off course forcing the passengers to land in New England

With no government established in New England, the Pilgrims had a problem. How did they solve

their problem?

Democracy Takes Root at Plymouth

Problem Solved!!To solve their problem, the

Pilgrims came up with the Mayflower Compact – their agreement to set up a government that would make laws and rules for the benefit of everyone

Every man signed the compact and a governor was elected

Because of this Americans today believe that leaders and laws should be elected and created by the people

Click the Mayflower compact to seeSchoolhouse Rock – American Revolution

What is DEMOCRACY?

?

A form of government in which people vote for their laws and leaders.

Boston Leads the Fight For Freedom

The Freedom Trail and the Black Heritage Trail both are both walking trails that begin at the Boston Common Freedom Trail – takes you

to different places where the fight for freedom began, ending at the very place the first battle of the American Revolution took place, Bunker Hill

Black Heritage Trail – learn about the long history of African Americans in Boston ending at the African Meeting House

The Freedom Trail

Boston Leads the Fight For Freedom

America’s first public park is Boston Common

Boston is one of America’s oldest cities and where the fight for freedom began

The American Revolution began near Boston when British troops fought against the colonists in 1775 because they no longer wanted to live under British rule

“Boston Tea Party”

Boston Leads the Fight For Freedom

Battle of Bunker Hill“Shot heard Around

the world”Vocabulary

Revolution – the overthrow of a system of government

Click the photo to watch the “Shot heard Around the World”

Albany is the state capital

New York City is one of the largest cities in the United States.

Borders 2 of the Great Lakes, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario

New York

The Erie Canal is a 363-mile-long ditch connecting Hudson River with the Great Lakes

In 1817, work began on the canal because they needed a faster and more costly way to transport goods

The Erie Canal Links the Northeast and Midwest!!

The Erie Canal

83 locks were built to carry the boats over the mountains

In 1825, the Erie Canal opened and was a great success – freight prices dropped and New York City soon became the nation’s busiest seaport

Erie Canal

Click the photo to hear the Erie Canal Song

The Erie CanalA canal is a ditch dug across land.

Locks are used to raise and lower boats in the water.Lock – a water elevator used to raise and lower boats

The problem was the Appalachian Mountains were between the two regions and there was no river crossing the mountainsThe solution was that men dug a 40-foot-wide ditch from the Hudson River to Lake Erie

Click the Photo to see a boat Go through the Erie Canal.

The largest city in America with more than 8 million people living in it

City of immigrants containing many different cultures and languages

Dutch settled here first then Europeans and Africans

New York City: Where Buildings Touch the Sky

New Yorkers began to build skyscrapers to house so many people

New York’s most famous skyscraper is The Empire State Building – 102 floors with 1,800 stairs and 1,472 ft tall

VocabularySkyscraper – a very

tall building

New York City: Where Buildings Touch the Sky

The First StateDover is the CapitalBorders Pennslvania

Delaware

Capital – TrentonThe Garden StateBorders Pennsylvania

New Jersey

Capital – Harrisburg

State bird – Ruffled Grouse

State animal – White tailed deer

State flower – Mountain Laurel

State insect – Lady bug and the Firefly

State motto – The Keystone State

Pennsylvania

Water power and people power were two reasons why the first factories were built in the Northeast

Milton Hershey started a candy business over a hundred years ago.

Hershey, Pennsylvania: A Town Built on Chocolate

He used the mass production system in his factory

The Hershey bar was America’s first mass produced candy bar

Hershey’s factory is the largest chocolate factory in the world today

VocabularyMass production – a way of making

large quantities of the same product

Hershey, Pennsylvania: A Town Built on Chocolate

Click the Kiss to view How Hershey Kisses are made. Fast forward if needed.

The United States was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

July 4, 1776 was the first Independence Day – leaders from the 13 colonies met to sign the Declaration of Independence at Independence Hall

Told the world that Americans had formed their own nation called the United States of America

Independence Hall: The Birthplace of the United

States

The Signing of the Declaration of Independence

Click the photo for SchoolHouse Rock Fireworks

In 1787 the nations best thinkers met again in Independence Hall. They wrote a new Constitution or plan of government for our country. We still live by that plan today.

Constitution – A plan of government for the United States

Our Constitution

Based on DemocracyThe people choose

their leaderProtects our rights

To say what you think

Follow any religionRight to a fair trial

Constitution – A plan of government for the United States

Our Constitution

Click the photo for the Schoolhouse RockPreamble Video

Capital – Annapolis

Borders Pennsylvania to the south

DC – Borders both Maryland and Virginia

Maryland and District of Columbia

The capital of the United States and also where our countries government is located

3 branches of governmentLegislative.Executive Judicial

Washington, D. C.: Our Nation’s Capital

Click the Capitol to hear 3 Ringed Government

3 branches of governmentLegislative – Congress

makes laws for our country. Lawmakers are elected by voters to represent them in Congress.

2 Parts the House of Representatives and the Senate.

3 Branches of Government

Click the Law for “I’m Just a bill video

Executive – the President is head of this branch. Their job is to make sure the laws passed by Congress are carried out. The president is elected by voters from each state.

3 Branches of Government

Click the seal to watch the Presidential Minute

Judicial – made up of courts which make sure that the laws passed by Congress are obeyed. Supreme Court is the highest court and its job is the make sure that the laws that are passed by Congress follow the Constitution.

3 Branches of Government

Washington Monument – celebrates George Washington our first president

Jefferson Memorial – honors signer of the Declaration of Independence and our 3rd president Thomas Jefferson

National Archives Museum – holds the signed Declaration of Independence, Bill of Rights and the U. S. Constitution

Our National Monuments

Why the Northeast is the “birthplace of our nation”? Boston is where the American Revolution began Philadelphia is where Americans first declared our

independence from Britain

Why first factories where located in Northeast ? Waterpower to run factories People who wanted and enjoyed challenge of starting new

businesses New transportation methods – canals + railroads – lowered

cost of transporting goods and encouraged people to build factories

What are some large cities? Boston, Philadelphia, Washington D. C., and New York City

Summary – Answers to Questions

The Northeast

United States