Penguatan Kelembagaan KKB di Kabupaten dan Kota 3_Ensuring Family Health...Prof. Muhammad Rizal...
Transcript of Penguatan Kelembagaan KKB di Kabupaten dan Kota 3_Ensuring Family Health...Prof. Muhammad Rizal...
Presented by : Prof. Muhammad Rizal Martua Damanik, PhD
Deputy for Research Training and Development
National Population and Family Planning Board (BKKBN) 1
INDONESIA POPULATION Challenges and Innovations
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34 provinces, 519 districts/municipalities, 6.651 sub-districs,
77.126 villages, 17.504 islands, 360 ethnic groups,
total population : 264,7 millions (2019)
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
1961 1971 2010
205 MILLIONS
250
275
300 285 MILLIONS
AVERTED BIRTHS 80 MILLIONS
AVERTED BIRTHS NEARLY
100 MILLIONS
330 MILLIONS
237.6 MILLIONS
MILLIONS PEOPLE
YEAR
Number of Population, Indonesia 1980-2035
(Millions)
97,1 MILLIONS
119,2 MILLIONS
2000 2035
IF POP GROWTH
0,62%
IF POP GROWTH
1,49%
343,96 MILLIONS
305,6 MILLIONS
40.2 MILLIONS
1900
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Indonesia National Population and Family Planning Board (BKKBN)
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Head BKKBN
Deputy of
Family Welfare
and
Empowerment
Principal
Secretary
Deputy of
Family Planning
and RH
Deputy Training ,
Research,
Development
Principal
Inspector
Deputy for
Advocacy,
Information and
Mobilzation
Deputy of
Population
Management
International
Collaboration In-Country Training Research on FP and
Family Development
Research on
Population
Iconic Program
President of Republic of Indonesia : Instruction to Revitalize Family Planning, through “Family Planning
Villages”, since 2016.
to Combat
Stunting
Maternal and Child Situation (MOH, Riskesdas 2018)
•30,2% under-5 children were stunting (very short)
•13,8% under-5 were malnourished
•38,5% pregnant women 15-49 years: energy & protein deficiency.
•48,9% pregnant women anemia
•stunting has strong correlation with age at first marriage of the mother (the younger the age, the more Relative Risk to experience stunting 2,5 folds)
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PREVALENCE OF STUNTING BY PROVINCE, INDONESIA 2013 - 2018
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8
Infant and Child Mortality Rate Indonesia
1991-2017
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0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200Chad
Guinea-Bissau
Lesotho
Democratic Rep. Congo
Afghanistan
Côte d'Ivoire
Ethiopia
Uganda
Comoros
Equatorial Guinea
Indonesia
Yemen
Dominican Rep.
Tonga
Paraguay
Colombia
Cape Verde
Syrian Arab Rep.
Tajikistan
Maldives
Tunisia
Saint Vincent and Grenadines
Republic of Maldova
Latvia
Malaysia
Fiji
Saudi Arabia
Luxembourg
New Zealand
Slovenia
Macedonia
Malta
Germany
Netherlands
Iceland
Italy
Indonesia (ranked 130)
MMR among Asean countries
1. Singapore = 3
2. Brunei Darussalam = 24
3. Malaysia = 29
4. Malaysia = 48
5. Vietnam = 59
6. Philippines = 99
7. Myanmar = 200
8. Indonesia = 220
9. Cambodia = 250
10. Laos = 470
Source: UNFPA, WHO,
Unicef, World Bank
Estimates 2012
MMR of 180 Countries, per 100.000 Live Births, 2010
Number of Births 4,9 millions maternal deaths = 9900 per year
Pop Census 2010 number of pop 0 year = 4 398 405
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Tragic
• In Indonesia analogically each year there are 66 Boeing 737 series 400 has crashed @ 150 passengers containing pregnant and childbirth mothers dying.
Demographic Dividend ?
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"the economic growth potential that can result from
shifts in a population’s age structure, mainly when the
share of the working-age population (15 to 64) is
larger than the non-working-age share of the
population (14 and younger, and 65 and older)".[
In other words, it is “a boost in economic productivity
that occurs when there are growing numbers of
people in the workforce relative to the number of
dependents.” (UN, 2014) [1]
Source : Bappenas, dkk, 2013, Proyeksi Penduduk 2010-2035.
Demographic Dividend in Indonesia
• Onset time 2012 and reaches its lowest peak in year 2028-2031 (Window of
Opportunity).
• Thereafter the Dependency Ratio increases again due to increasing
proportion of elderly
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Harnessing Demographic Dividend
Success of Family Planning
to reduce Fertility
Women have fewer children
(healthy)
Women enter labour market
and earn income
Family Savings
Public Savings
Investment Demographic
Dividend
SourceL SM Adioetomo. Population Referencec Bureau (PRB) 2013
TREND HDI INDONESIA 1980 - 2013 (UNDP)
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Year Life Expectancy At Birth
Expected Years of Schooling
Mean Years of Schooling GNI per Capita (2005 PPP$)
HDI value
1980 57.6 8.3 3.1 1,278 0.422 1985 60.0 9.3 3.5 1,478 0.456 1990 62.1 9.9 3.3 1,911 0.479 1995 64.0 9.9 4.2 2,630 0.525 2000 65.7 10.3 4.8 2,390 0.540 2005 67.1 11.2 5.3 2,950 0.575 2010 68.9 12.9 5.8 3,775 0.620 2011 69.4 12.9 5.8 3,973 0.624 2012 69.8 12.9 5.8 4,154 0.629 2013 70.8 12.7 7.5 8,970 0.681
Basic Demographic Indication
Demographic transition is taking place at among the fastest rates compared with other regions of the world, whether in terms of fertility reductions, population ageing, and rural-to-urban migration. Rapid epidemiological transition is also occurring, with the disease burden shifting from infectious to chronic diseases.
Preparing Quality Human
Resources to Harness
Demographic Dividend
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Approach of BKKBN: Continuum of Care
Antenatal Care
Labour, Post Delivery and Nenonatal
Services for Infants
Services for Under-5 Year Children
Services for Elementary School Children
Services for Junior/Senior High Schools and Youth
•Counseling
•Integrated ANC
•Fe & Folic Acid
•Counseling
•Early Breastfeeding
•Post Partum FP
•Counseling •Exclusive
Breastfeeding •Complete Basic
Immunization •Complementary
food •Growth
Monitoring
• Counseling • Growth
Monitoring
•Counseling •School Health Initiatives (UKS)
• Counseling : Nutrition, HIV/AIDS, Drugs Abuse
• ARH
•Health and Nutrition Counseling
•FP Services
WRA & Eligible Couples
Elderly • Counseling • Quality life • Degeneration
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Body Mass growth and body composition
Metabolism : Diabetes, lipids, protein
Hormones/receptor/gen
Brain Development Cognitive / Study
Achievements
Human Antibody Working Capacities
Diabetes, Obesity, Coronary Heart diseases,
Cancer, stroke, and disabilities of elderly
Nutritional Status during
the First Ten Days of Life
Gizi pada (fetus until children
2 years)
Short Run Impacts Long Run Impact
Death
Sumber: Short and long term effects of early nutrition (James et al 2000)
Why the First Thousand Days of Life, becomes more strategic ?
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5 th
Pertu
mb
uh
an
o
tak
Investasi terlambat, hasil
tidak optimalInvestasi tepat waktu
bbu
mur2 th
80%
lahir
100%
“loss generation”
ascobatgani
Brain Development of Children until Reaching 5 Years Old
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http://www.feralchildren.com/image.php?if=figures/perry20021
Normal Stunting
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Children Brain Development depends on Stimulation through : - Social Interaction - Physical Sensing
Source: Founders’ Network
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Role of Parents/Care Givers
How BKKBN elaborates Family Health at Villages?
Family Planning Village in Indonesia
develops community group activites, among
others: Family Groups with
Children Under 5 Years (or BKB)
Monitoring of Children Growth and Development
Supplement Complementary Food for Children
Health Counseling by FP Field Workers
Through BKB activities, Families learn to implement 8 Family Functions
BECOMING STUNTING VILLAGES
Family Planning / Sunting Villages: spread over 34 provinces in Indonesia,
which welcome the collaboration with
universities/ public health institutions
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BKKBN’s 8 FAMILY FUNCTIONS
BKKBN
1.Religion
2.Social and
Culture
4.Protection
7.Economy
6.Reproductive Health
8.Environment
5.Education Socialization
3.Love and
Affection
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Implementation of One Aspect of 8 Family Functions:
Environment Function
Planting eligible vegetables/ plants
Torbangun leaves (Coleus amboinicus, Lour.)
Partnership of BKKBN with universities or health education insitutions (FKM/Stikes) and also Forum of the Indonesia Rectors
to collaborate research or community obligation in the field of Population, Family
Planning and Family Development, targeted to
prevent stunting cases. 26
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www.bkkbn.go.id