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EPR IN INDONESIA: PLANS AND CURRENT CHALLENGES

APRSCP CONFERENCE YOGYAKARTA 11 NOVEMBER 2011

MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT

REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA

MASNELLYARTI HILMAN

DEPUTY MINISTER FOR HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE, HAZARDOUS WASTE, AND

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

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WHAT ARE OUR CURRENT STATES OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT?

WHAT ARE THE PROBLEMS?

MENTAL BLOCKS IN OUR SOCIETY: • WASTE GENERATOR BUT WE DON’T TAKE ANY RESPONSIBILITIES • WASTE ISN’T MY BUSINESS, IT’S GOVERNMENT’S BUSINESS • WASTE HAS NO VALUES, WE JUST DUMP IT

LESS COMMITMENTS FROM STAKEHOLDERS: • A CLEAR FRAMEWORK OF ROLE & RESPONSIBILITY HASN’T YET DEFINED

GOVERNMENT’S BUDGET IS VERY LIMITED:

• 70-80% IS SPENT FOR ROUTINE ACTIVITIES

THE PARADIGM OF WASTE MANAGEMENT HASN’T CHANGED YET

• DUMPING VS 3R’s

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WHY SHOULD CHANGE? WE NEED TRANSFORMATION

END OF PIPE APPROACH

• ONE-WAY ECONOMY • UNLIMITED RESOURCES EXTRACTION • NO RESOURCES & ENERGY EFFICIENCY • NO WASTE REDUCTION • LANDFILL ORIENTED SOLUTION • HIGH ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION • HIGH GHG EMISSION • UNSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PRACTICE

COMBINATION OF 3R’s & END OP PIPE

APPROACH

• CIRCULAR ECONOMY • CONTROLLED RESOURCES EXTRACTION • RESOURCES & ENERGY EFFICIENCY • INCREASE WASTE REDUCTION & DIVERTION • REDUCE POLLUTANT LOAD • MITIGATE GHG EMISSION • ENERGY RECOVERY DEVELOPMENT • SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PRACTICE

AVOIDANCE

MINIMISATION

REUSE

RECYCKE

ENERGY RECOVERY

LANDFILL

WE SHOULD TRANSFORM OUR WASTE POLICY & MANAGEMENT

AVOIDANCE

MINIMISATION

REUSE

RECYCLE

ENERGY RECOVERY

LANDFILL

WASTE HIERARCHY

POLICY TRANSFORMATION

FOCUS ON 3R’s PROMOTION &

IMPLEMENTATION

EPR POLICY POSITION

EPR POLICY IMPLEMENTATION TRHOUGH: •DESIGN FOR ENVIRONMENT OF PRODUCT & PACKAGING •SHARE RESPONSIBIITY BETWEEN GOVERNMENT AND BUSINESS SECTOR

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EXAMPLES OF EPR IMPLEMENTATION BY DOING GREEN BUSINESS

EXAMPLES OF EPR IMPLEMENTATION BY DOING GREEN BUSINESS

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EPR INITIATIVES BY INDONESIA BUSINESS SECTOR

SOME RETAILER COMPANY START WITH: • PROVIDE REUSEABLE SHOPPING BAG • REPLACEMENT PLASTIC BAG WITH USED CARDBOARD • PROVIDE DEGRADABLE PLASTIC BAG • APPLY FEE FOR PLASTIC BAG SOME MANUFACTURES START WITH: • IMPLEMENT VOLUNTARY TAKE-BACK PROGRAMME • IMPLEMENT DESIGN FOR ENVIRONMENT (DfE) PROGRAMME

MANDATE ON EPR IMPLEMENTATION BASED ON REGULATION

Cummunity

Government

Business

Practice 3R’s at household and community scale and collect and put the waste back that stipulate on EPR mechanism

Set up EPR regulation, mechanism, and guideline

Implement EPR

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PRUDUCER’S RESPONSIBILITY ON WASTE MANAGEMENT

Peoduce product with packaging that naturally biodegradable and generate as small as as waste

Use material for their product/packaging that can be recycled and take back the waste that generate from their product/packging for recycling

Use material for their product/packaging that can be reused and take back the waste that generate from their prodcut/packaging for reusing

LAW 18 YEAR 2008 ARTICLE 15:

Producer should be responsible for managing waste that come from their undegradable product and packaging.

LAW 18 YEAR 2008 ARTICLE 14:

Producer should put the label on their product and packaging.

EPR PLANS IN INDONESIA

IMPLEMENTATION PHASE

LEGAL FRAMEWORK

IMPLEMENTATION FRAMEWORK

MECHANISM & GUIDELINE

START

• VOLUNTARY VS MANDATORY (INDONESIAN CASE IS MANDATORY) • SET UP BASIC LAW • SET UP GOVERNMENT REGULATION • SET UP MINISTERIAL REGULATION

• TRANSITION PERIOD • BUILD STAKEHOLDERS COMMITMENT • STEP BY STEP BASED ON TIMEFRAME, TARGET PRODUCER/PRODUCT, SPATIAL ARRANGEMENT, ETC. • DEFINE TYPE OF EPR: COLLECTIVE EPR OR INDIVIDUAL EPR • ESTABLISH EPR IMPLEMENTATION WORKING GROUP

DISCUSS, FORMULATE, AND MAKE AGREEMENT IN WORKING GROUP

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SOME EXAMPLES OF EPR IMPLEMENTATION

TYPE OF EPR EXAMPLES

Product take-back programs Mandatory take-back; Voluntary or negotiated take-back programs.

Procurement/consumer programs Procurement guidelines and policies; Information disclosure programs

Regulatory approaches Disposal bans;

Mandated recycling

Voluntary industry practices Voluntary codes of practice; Public/private partnerships; Leasing and "servicing" (in which companies lease their products or provide

services, thereby retaining ownership of the product).

Economic instruments Special taxes; Product charges; Advance disposal fees; Deposit/refund schemes; Subsidies and tax credits for the production and use of environmentally

preferable products.

EPR CHALLENGES IN INDONESIA

Implemenation of EPR policy and regulation in Indonesia needs great efforts since we face some challenges including: (1) opposing from industrial sector; (2) clarifying appropriate EPR scheme; (3) identifying priority product and packaging; (4) how to set up phase of implementation; (5) how to integrate incentive and disincentive scheme into

EPR mechanism; (6) how to involve local government and informal sector into

EPR

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Indonesia INITIATIVE : EPR SCHEME FOR

ELECTRONIC WASTE MAANGEMENT

Indonesia Regulations for Electronic Waste

Presidential Decree No.61 year 1993 : Basel Convention Ratification Annex VIII, Waste Code No. A1180 : Electronic Waste is categorized as Hazardous Waste

Presidential Regulation No. 47 year 2005 : Ban Ammendement Ratification

Law No.32 year 2009 : Environmental Protection and Management Article 59: Everyone who producing hazardous waste shall manage its hazardous waste

Article 69, point (1).d :Everyone is prohibited to import hazardous waste into Republic Indonesia territory

Government Regulation No.18 jo No.85 year 1999 : Hazardous Waste Management

Law No. 18 year 2008U: Solid Waste Management Article 29, point (1).a&b : Everyone is prohibited to impor solid waste into

Republic Indonesia territory

Article 29, point (1).c : Everyone is prohibited to mix solid waste with hazardous waste

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Definition for Electronic Waste under Government Regulation No.18 jo No.85 year 1999:

– Stated in Annex I, Table 2, Waste Code No. D219 “Electronic Component/Electronic Equipment”: Electronic Waste is clasify as Hazardous Waste from Spesific Sources

– Source of Pollution : Manufacturing activity and Waste Water Management

– Waste detailed : sludge from procesing activity; coated glass;

used solvent; solder residue (PCB, IC, kabel); plasticcasing; and

waste from painting activity

BACKGROUND VIEWS OF MINISTRIAL REGULATION FOR ELECTRONIC WASTE MANAGEMENT

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TUJUAN

1. To prevent risk of damage to human health and the environment caused by electronic waste generation;

2. To prevent Indonesia becoming dumping country for electronic waste coming from outside Indonesia territory;

3. To inventarize and to manage electronic waste properly by prioritizise effectice management

Background

MATERI YANG DIATUR

1). Definition of Electronic Waste 2). Scope of management : source of e-waste; type of e-waste 3). EPR Scheme 4). Cooperation mechanism (Partnership) among : Producer/Recondition Industry/Retailer/Distributor - Transporter - Collector-Disposer 5). Collctors requirements – Local Government Involvement 6). Electronic Waste Management linkage with Hazardous Waste Management 7). Compensation mechanism 8). Monitoring system

What kind of issues will be regulated?

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Who will get involved ? (1). Producers : Responsible to monitor the distributon of their product and to manage the used

product Managing waste from production Responsible to produce environemntally sound management products

(2). Consumer + Distributor Have to sortir their wastes Bring electronic waste to collectors which already have permit

(3). Collectors Having partnership with producer and local government in providing

collection facility Supporting incentive mechanism implementation

(4). Recondition Indsutry Produce refurbish product by fullfiiling the standard needed Responsible to manage their waste from production activity

(5). 3R Facility - Need to have permit from Minstry of Environemnt in treating electronic waste

Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)

Electronic as second hand goods

Elektronic Waste

Importation

Prohibited

Some requirements are needed (will be under

Ministry of Trade Regulation specify for Used

Computer ) (1). Could still be used : fuction as it is when being checking exportir country (2). No more than 5 years after production (3). Should be LCD monitor and new version of computer

Importir Requirements : as being regulated by Ministry of Trade Regulation

Indonesia Territory

Importir:

Electronic Product

Pengelolaan limbah elektronik dan barang modal

bukan baru untuk mekanisme impor

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Producer

(and

importir)

Product

EPR SCHEME : FOR ELECTRONIC WASTE MANAGEMENT NATIONALLY

Consumer/

User

Distributor

Intermediate Collector

Recovery Facility/

Final Disposal

Incentive Mechaism

Indonesia Territory

Retailer

Collectors

Source of Waste : Electronic equipment

being dumped from Household,

commercial activity, services activity

(Office, hospital, school)

Source of Waste: from

processing/reject/off spec

product

Take back system

Tran

spor

tatio

n Sy

stem

Transportation

Transportation

Product Flow Waste Flow

Management/ Take Back Flow

Source of Waste

reject/off spec

product

LingkuEp Pengaturan didalam Permen Pengelolaan Limbah Elektronik A. Importation Activity :

Electronic Product sas Secondhand Goods will be regulated by Ministry of Trade

Regulatiion B. EPR scheme in Indonesia

Sources of Electronic Wastes :

(1). Indutrtial rejected/offs-spec productsS (2) Household Waste , Commercial, Service activities will be specify under Solid Waste Regulation started from collector will be treated as Hazardous Waste (3). Retailer (4). Recondition Industry

Flow of EPR Scheme: (1). Electronic Waste will be transported to intermediate collector/collector (2). From Collector, electronic waste will be transported to producer or 3R Facility or Disposer under producer responsibility (3). Take back system could be applied at the collector steps requirements as intermediate collector/collector will be regulated under Minsitry of Environemnt regulation (4). Monitoring of take back sytem and collectors facility will be under local governemnt responsibility

C. Waste from electronic waste manufacture /production /recondition indsutry should be

treated under hazardous waste regulation

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1. Needs to have a same perspectives of e-waste definistion, e-waste impacts among stakeholder (Government, Local Government, Public, and Indsutry) to find the best solution in handling it

2. Needs to do Cost Benefit Analysis

3. Needs to have technically guidance and regulation for electronic waste

management

4. Needs to have strategy in encouraging everyone awareness to implement EPR system

5. Needs to do more comprehensive invetarisation activity needs more

socialisation strategy

6. Needs to establish a good data base system to know: • Electronic Waste volumes based on its souces and types • List of Electronic Producer, Recondition Industry, and 3R Facility

7. Standarization for Refurbish Product 8. Need to establish monitoring system

Recommendations

What you can do

Support companies that make clean products.

Before buying, think twice about whether you really need

a new device. Return your equipment to the

manufacturer

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TERIMA KASIH

THANK YOU C Building, 2nd Floor Jl. D.I.Panjaitan Kav.24 Kebon Nanas, Jakarta 13410 Tel: +62-21-85904673 Website: http://menlh.go.id