PEACE EDUCATION-A Transformative Response to Major Societal Challenges
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Transcript of PEACE EDUCATION-A Transformative Response to Major Societal Challenges
04/18/2023
PEACE EDUCATION: A Transformative Response to
Major Societal Changes
Prepared and Reported by:Nickole G. Ordiales Julie Anne Millano
BSEd III-R, Phy. Sci. Ed.
Teresa AbainzaProfessor, Social Dimension of Education
Bicol UniversityCollege of Education
Daraga, AlbayA.Y: 2015-2016
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PEACE
EDUCATION
A Transformative Response to Major Societal Challenges
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PEACE begins with a SMILE
----Mother Teresa
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PEACE IS THE ABSENCE OF….
WAR
PHYSICAL VIOLENCE
EXTREME POVERTYSTARVATION
AVOIDABLE DISEASES
DISCRIMINATIONDENIAL OF HUMAN RIGHTS
STRUCTURAL VIOLENCE
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Structural violence occurs when the wealth of affluent nations, groups or individuals is based on the labor and the essential resources drawn from
nations, groups and individuals who, as a consequence, are required to
live diminished lives of deprivation (Monez, 1973).
Its manifestation is the highly uneven distribution of wealth and
resources and power.
He formulates “Peace as the absence of violence and the presence of social justice”
JOHAN GALTUNGPeace theorist and
Researcher
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Human behaviors depend on the
availability of resources.
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Peace
Negative Peace
Positive PeaceAbsence of direct/physical
Violence (both macro and micro)
Presence of conditions of well-being and just relationships: social, economic, political,
ecological
Structural Violence
Socio-cultural Violence
Ecological Violence
Direct Violencee.g., war, torture, child and woman abuse
Violence
e.g., poverty, hunger
e.g., racism, sexism, religious intolerance
e.g., pollution, overconsumption
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Interpersonal Peace
Intergroup/Social Peace
Global Peace
Peace Between Humans And The Earth And Beyond
Personal Peace
Respect for other persons, Justice, tolerance, cooperation
Respect for other persons, Justice, tolerance, cooperation
Respect for the environment, Sustainable living, simple lifestyles
Harmony with the self
Harmony with
others
Harmony with nature
Self- respect, inner resources: love, hope
Harmony with SACRED SOURCES
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What is violence?
• It is a “humanly inflicted harm”- Betty Reardon
• It is a result of unequal distribution of resources or socio-cultural problem or environmental.
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Level
Form of Violence
Personal Interpersonal/Community National Global
Direct Physical
SuicideDrug abuse
Domestic violenceViolent crimes
Violent crimesCivil War
Human Rights Abuses
Conventional WarNuclear WarHuman rights
abuses
Structural/Economic,
Political
Sociocultu-ral/
Psycho-logical
Powerlessness
AlienationLow self- esteemAnxiety
Local inequalities National inequalities Global inequalities
Poverty, hungerPrejudice/enemy images
Cultural dominationRacismSexism
Religious intolerance
Ecological Over- consumption
Over- consumptionPollution
Over- consumptionPollution
Chemical and Biological WarfareNuclear power radiation
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PEACE EDUCATION AS TRANSFORMATIVE EDUCATION
It promotes the culture of peace that is essential in transforming peaceful society.
The role of the school is to promote peace and teach them knowledge base, skills, attitudes and behaviors that can help to transform our society in to peaceful one.
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The Peaceable Teaching-Learning Process
COGNITIVE PHASE(Being aware,
Understanding)
ACTIVE PHASE(Taking practical action)
AFFECTIVE PHASE(Being concerned,
Responding, Valuing)
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Why Educate for Peace?
Peace Education seeks to transform the present human condition by “changing social structures and patterns of
thought that have created it.”-Betty Reardon
The main purpose of peace education are the elimination of social injustice, the rejection of violence and the
abolition of war.
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EDUCATION is the VACCINE for VIOLENCE
-Edward James Olmos
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Peace Education as a Practical Alternative
Education is the best way to promote peace in teaching the students (the society of tomorrow) nonviolent, humane and ecological alternatives in dealing and eradicating violence.
War is accepted as legitimate means to pursue the so-called national interest.
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Peace Education as an Ethical Imperative
These ethical principles include the unity and value of life, not only of human life but also other life forms in nature; respect for human dignity; nonviolence; justice; and
love as a social ethic.
They are the principles that are highly encouraged for actualization because they are expected to bring us to the
common good.
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Peace Education’s Shema of Knowledge, Skills and
Attitudes/Values Attitudes/Values
1. Self-respect2. Respect for others3. Gender equality4. Respect for life/
nonviolence5. Compassion6. Global concern7. Ecological concern8. Cooperation9. Openness & tolerance10. Justice11. Social responsibility12. Positive vision
Knowledge 1. Holistic concept o peace 2. Conflict & Violence causes 3. Some peaceful alternatives Disarmament Nonviolence-Philos.&
practice Conflict resolution, Trans- formation, prevention Human rights Human solidarity Democratization Development Based on
justice Sustainable Development
Skills1. Reflection2. Critical thinking & analysis3. Decision making4. Imagination5. Conflict resolution6. Empathy7. Group building
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Spiritual and Faith Traditions as Resources for
PeaceCommon Peace Teachings that the
Various Spiritual Traditions Subscribe to are:
1.Rejection of violence2.Love and compassion for other humans3.Love and compassion for other
creatures and life forms in nature4.Respect for human dignity5.Justice or fairness
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PEACE THEMES
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#1. UPHOLDING HUMAN DIGNITY
Human Dignity- is defined as the fundamental innate worth of a human being, a principle that
is now universally accepted but has not taken root in the action practices of many governments, communities and
other non-state actors.
It came from our beliefs in our religions and molded to be mores and became laws.
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Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women also known as the International Bill of Rights for Women is the only international treaty that comprehensively addresses women’s rights.
Philippine Gov’t Enacted Law for WomenRA 7877 “anti- sexual harassment act“ RA 8505 “ rape victim assistance & protection
act”RA 9262 “ anti – trafficking in person’s act”RA 9262 “ anti – violence against women &
children act”Magna Carta For Women
CEDAW
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Aims of CEDAW:1. To bring about substantive
equality of women2.Prohibits actions and policies
that put women at a disadvantage whatever its intentions
3.Recognizes the influence of culture & tradition on restricting women’s enjoyment of their right
4. Discards the distinction between the private & the public spheres, by recognizing violations of women in the private sphere
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UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
The recognition of human rights as a significant international concern came at the close of WWII, with the founding of UN and the adoption of
UDHR by UN General Assembly in 1948.
ARTICLE 1- ARTICLE 30
ARTICLE 28- Right to Social Order that Articulates this Document
ARTICLE 29- Community Duties Essential to Free and Full Development
ARTICLE 30- Freedom from State or Personal Interference in the above Rights
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Five Major Types of Human Rights
1. Civil Rights (Self)2. Political Rights (Country)3. Economics Rights (Wealth)4. Social Rights (Community)5. Cultural Rights (Beliefs)
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CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD
1.Survival 2.Development3.Protection4.Participation
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#2: Challenging Prejudice and Building
ToleranceGordon Allport (1958) asserts that humans have a propensity toward
prejudice. This propensity lies in their normal tendency to form generalizations and categories whose content represents an over-simplification of their world of
experience.
Prejudice is the negative feeling or attitude towards a person or a group even if it lacks basis.
Stereotype refers to the negative opinion about a person or group based on incomplete knowledge.
Discrimination refers to negative actions towards members of a specific social group that may be manifested in avoidance, aversion or even violence.
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POLITICAL PARTY
SEXUAL ORIENTATION
RELIGIOUS BELIEFSOCCUPATION
RACE
NATIONALITY
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Types of Prejudice
COLOUR( A Poem Written by an African Child which was Nominated as The Best Poem of 2005)
When I born, I black; When I grow up I black; When I go in sun I black;When I scared, I black; When I sick, I black; And when I die, I still black;And you White fellows;When you born, you pink;When you grow up, you white;When you go in sun, you red;When you cold, you blue;When you scared, you yellow;When you sick, you green;When you die, you grey;And you call me coloured.
1.RACISM
Belief of racial superiority
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2. SEXISMSubordination on others on the
basis of sex
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3. HETEROSEXISMnegative attitudes towards lesbians and
gay men
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4. Classism – distancing from and perceiving the poor as “the
other”.
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5. Ageism – negative attitudes held against the young or the elderly.
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6. Looksism – prejudice against those who do not measure up to set standards of beauty. The usual victims are the over-weight, the undersized and the dark-skinned.
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7. Linguicism – negative attitudes which members of dominant language groups hold against non-dominant language groups.
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8. Religious intolerance - prejudice against those who are followers of religious other than one’s own.
MUSLIMSVS
CHRISTIANS
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Education for Tolerance and respect
Why teach tolerance? UNESCO asserts that education is the most effective means of
preventing intolerance. There is a need for schools to educate citizens NOT to accept hateful propaganda about the “different other” and instead appreciate other cultures and respect cultural differences.
Educating for tolerance is a practical alternative. Intolerance has given rise to violence, terrorism and discrimination within societies. A lack of respect for differences, among other factors, has given rise to conflicts between and among groups. Teaching for tolerance will aid in protecting human rights and in saving lives.
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#3: Promoting Nonviolence
Nonviolence is the refusal to do harm to other humans life is sacred and is an absolute value. It is anchored on the belief that humans have the potential
to change.
Why nonviolence?
1. It is both an ethical and moral choice.2. Destruction is not the law of human3. Nonviolence is a practical choice. Tools and effects of violence are costly.4. Nonviolence works
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“An eye for an eye makes the whole world
blind”Mahatma Gandhi
“Nonviolence does not seek to defeat or humiliate the opponent but to win his
friendship and understanding”Martin Luther King Jr.
People Power
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#4: Challenging the War System
War is classical or international if it is between states, or civil or internal, if it occurs between rival groups or communities within a state.
POSSIBLE CAUSES OF WAR:
1. Territorial disputes2. Lack of differences3. Ideological or power struggles4. A history of colonialism and the process of decolonization5. Competition of resources
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