WATER AS DESIGN INSPIRATION IN ARCHITECTURE AND ENGINEERING The Design of the UNC Coastal Studies Institute Don Kranbuehl, AIA, PE, LEED AP Associate, Clark Nexsen Lead Designer / Project Architect Avery Monroe, PE Lead Mechanical Engineer Project Team: Architects: Clark Nexsen Associate Architect: Cahoon & Kasten Civil Engineer: Albermarle and Associates Mechanical Engineer: RMF Engineering Structural Engineers: Stewart Engineering Landscape Architects: CLH Design

WATER AS DESIGN INSPIRATION IN ARCHITECTURE AND ENGINEERING IMPORTANCE OF NATURAL WATERS: CANALS AND CROATAN SOUND SURROUNDING WETLANDS SALT WATER FROM ATLANTIC OCEAN HURRICANES AND WIND DRIVEN RAIN BUILDING WATER SYSTEMS: RAINWATER SYSTEM STORMWATER SYSTEM GRAY WATER SYSTEM CONDENSATE WATER GEOTHERMAL WELL WATER

COASTAL STUDIES INSTITUTE • Research Building (50,000 sf), Marine Service Building (12,000sf) • Construction Cost for Campus - $22,000,000 • Future Phase: Residential Dorms – (14,000 sf)

Research Building – 52,000 SF • Seeking LEED Gold • Research Labs for Marine Archeology, Coastal Processes and Engineering • Teaching Classrooms and Labs • Administration and Research Offices

SITE • Outerbanks, NC, Roanoke Island • Croatan Sound • Historic Indian Site

SITE • Manteo, NC pop. 1400 • Surrounded by Wetlands and Marshes Preserve • Above Freshwater Aquifer for County Well Water

• Buildable Site Created by Dredged Canals • Dredged Canals provide water access and views to sound • Narrow southern exposure

SITE

• Protect surrounding wetlands and waterways • Capture views of sound and canals

SITE DESIGN GOALS

• Balance Cut and Fill • Minimize Footprint and Impervious

SITE DESIGN GOALS

• Balance Cut and Fill • Minimize Footprint and Impervious • Treat Stormwater on site

SITE DESIGN GOALS

• Balance Cut and Fill • Minimize Footprint and Impervious • Treat Stormwater on site • Treat all Wastewater on site

SITE DESIGN GOALS

• Balance Cut and Fill • Minimize Footprint and Impervious • Treat Stormwater on site • Treat all Wastewater on site • No Irrigation – All Indigenous Plants

SITE DESIGN GOALS

SITE ANALYSIS- Site set backs

N

SITE ANALYSIS- Buildable Area

N

SITE ANALYSIS- Natural Axis and Sun Path

N

SITE ANALYSIS- Summer and Winter Winds

N

SITE ANALYSIS- Stormwater

N

SITE ANALYSIS- Public Space Connector

N

SITE ANALYSIS- Building Zones

N

SITE DESIGN- Marine Service Building

N

SITE DESIGN- Research Building

N

SITE DESIGN- Residential Buildings

N

• Respond to Views of Water

Architectural Response to Site

Architectural Response to Site • Respond to Views of Water • Utilize Winds and Cross Ventilation

Architectural Response to Site • Respond to Views of Water • Utilize Winds and Cross Ventilation • Respond to 100 year flood plain

Architectural Response to Site • Respond to Views of Water • Utilize Winds and Cross Ventilation • Respond to 100 year flood plain • Capture Natural Light

Architectural Response to Site • Respond to Views of Water • Utilize Winds and Cross Ventilation • Respond to 100 year flood plain • Capture Natural Light • Harvest Rainwater

Architectural Response to Site

• Treat Wastewater on Site

STRUCTURE AND ENVELOPE DESIGN • Reinforced Concrete Structure

STRUCTURE AND ENVELOPE DESIGN • Reinforced Concrete Structure • Fibercement Rainscreen System with Continuous Rigid Insulation

STRUCTURE AND ENVELOPE DESIGN • Reinforced Concrete Structure • Fibercement Rainscreen System with Continuous Rigid Insulation • Spray Foam Insulation • LOW E Glass with Sunshading

Original Design Closed Loop System 300 Wells and Cooling Tower Modular Heat Pump VAV Air Handling Units VAV & CAV Terminal Units

Geothermal HVAC System

Original Design Closed Loop System 300 Wells and Cooling Tower Modular Heat Pump VAV Air Handling Units VAV & CAV Terminal Units

Final Design Open Loop System Utilizing Dare County Raw Water Modular Heat Pump VAV Air Handling Units VAV & CAV Terminal Units

Geothermal HVAC System

GEOTHERMAL HVAC SYSTEM • PUMPS • HEAT EXCHANGERS • PIPING

GEOTHERMAL HVAC SYSTEM • PUMPS • HEAT EXCHANGERS • PIPING

GEOTHERMAL HVAC SYSTEM • MODULAR HEAT PUMP CHILLER/HEATER

DESIGN PROCESS OF CLOSED LOOP HVAC Loads (Trane Trace) Chiller/Heater Based on Peak Simultaneous Demand

Five 50-Ton Modules Geothermal Well

Calculations Based on Actual Test Well Modeled in Trane Trace Used Excel Spreadsheet to Calculate Number of Wells & Depth of Wells

• Wells penetrated three aquifers • Possible Contamination from brackish waters • Possible Increase in Aquifer Temperature • Primary Water Supply for could be compromised

Original Design Concerns

• Wells penetrated three aquifers • Possible Contamination from brackish waters • Possible Increase in Aquifer Temperature • Primary Water Supply for county could be compromised

Original Design Concerns

“YORKTOWN” SALT WATER AQUIFER

“LOWER PRINCIPAL” FRESH WATER AQUIFER

• Open Loop with Three Supply Wells and Dump into Sound • Cost effective • Potentially damaging to sound and ecosystem

• Open Loop with Three Supply and Four Injection Wells

• Costly • High Maintenance • Could contaminate fresh water aquifer

• Open Loop System Utilizing Raw Water from Dare County

• First proposed by County as best protection for aquifer • Most energy saving option • Public Public Partnership with Memorandum of Understanding

OPEN LOOP DESIGN SOLUTIONS

“BORROWED WATER” GEOTHERMAL DESIGN

“BORROWED WATER” GEOTHERMAL DESIGN

Final Design

Open Loop System Utilizing Dare County Raw Water Modular Heat Pump VAV Air Handling Units VAV & CAV Terminal Units

RESULTS Energy Modeling Compared to ASHRAE 90.1 2007 Baseline 34% Energy Savings, 27% Energy Cost Savings 10 LEED Points

Geothermal HVAC System

THOUGHTS QUESTIONS DISCUSSION Don Kranbuehl, AIA, PE, LEED AP Associate, Clark Nexsen Lead Designer / Project Architect Avery Monroe, PE Lead Mechanical Engineer Project Team: Architects: Clark Nexsen Associate Architect: Cahoon & Kasten Civil Engineer: Albermarle and Associates Mechanical Engineer: RMF Engineering Structural Engineers: Stewart Engineering Landscape Architects: CLH Design

Thoughts Questions Discussion

THOUGHTS QUESTIONS DISCUSSION