Metabolism of nucleic acids the structure &...
Transcript of Metabolism of nucleic acids the structure &...
base((((purine、、、、pyrimdine))))+ribose((((deoxyribos
N-glycosyl linkage
nucleoside+phosphate
phosphoester linkage
nucleotide
phosphodiester linkage
nucleic acid
一一一一、、、、the building block molecule of
nucleic acid--nucleotide
In RNA:
AMP、、、、CMP、、、、GMP、、、、TMP
In DNA:
dAMP、、、、dCMP、、、、dGMP 、、、、dUMP
三三三三、、、、the primary structure of nucleic
acid
definition
writing method
polinucleotide
oligonucleotide
5’’’’-AATTCGGATCTTAGC-3’
* characteristics
specificity in race
non specificity in tissues
Chargff Law
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4. 4. 4. 4. Some difference Some difference Some difference Some difference steric steric steric steric
conformation types conformation types conformation types conformation types of DNA double helixof DNA double helixof DNA double helixof DNA double helix
A型型型型 B型型型型 Z型型型型
结晶湿度结晶湿度结晶湿度结晶湿度 75% 92% 高盐溶液结晶高盐溶液结晶高盐溶液结晶高盐溶液结晶
方向方向方向方向
直径直径直径直径
螺距螺距螺距螺距
螺旋一周所含螺旋一周所含螺旋一周所含螺旋一周所含
碱基碱基碱基碱基
右手右手右手右手 右手右手右手右手
左手左手左手左手
表面只有一大表面只有一大表面只有一大表面只有一大沟碱基为嘌啉沟碱基为嘌啉沟碱基为嘌啉沟碱基为嘌啉呤呤呤呤,,,,嘧啶交替嘧啶交替嘧啶交替嘧啶交替,,,,
2.55nm
2.46nm 3.4nm
0.23nm 0.34nm 相邻碱基距离相邻碱基距离相邻碱基距离相邻碱基距离
11 10 12
2nm
5. 5. 5. 5. The tertiary structureThe tertiary structureThe tertiary structureThe tertiary structure
of nucleic acid of nucleic acid of nucleic acid of nucleic acid
The length of genome DNA
6106Kb
DNA supercoiling
Nucleosome
(((( DNA double helix of containing 200bp ))))
140bp DNA double
helix
histone
(H2A1)2,(H2B)2,(H3)2,(H4)2,,,,octamer
Core particles
60bp DNAdouble helix fragment+H1histone((((linkage region))))
Core particles
a string of beads of nucleosome
further fold to form chromosome
五五五五、、、、the structure of RNA
1.summarize
• Content
• components & linkage
• inhomogeneity
• steric conformation
• function
*Amino acid arm
* DHU arm DHU ring
* T ψCCCC arm TψCCCC ring
•Anticodon arm anticodon ring
extra fork
prokaryotes eukaryotes
Type 5s, 16s,23s 5s,5.8s,18s,28s
The number 120 ,1542 ,3200 120,160,1940,4718
of nucleotides
proproproprokaryotes eukaryotes 5555s,23s 5s,5.8s,28ss,23s 5s,5.8s,28ss,23s 5s,5.8s,28ss,23s 5s,5.8s,28s
Large 50s 60sLarge 50s 60sLarge 50s 60sLarge 50s 60s
Subunit 34rP 49rPSubunit 34rP 49rPSubunit 34rP 49rPSubunit 34rP 49rP
Small 16s 18s Small 16s 18s Small 16s 18s Small 16s 18s
subunit 30s 40ssubunit 30s 40ssubunit 30s 40ssubunit 30s 40s
21rP 33 rP21rP 33 rP21rP 33 rP21rP 33 rP
TotalTotalTotalTotal sizesizesizesize 70707070ssss 80808080ssss
diameterdiameterdiameterdiameter 8888nmnmnmnm diameyerdiameyerdiameyerdiameyer 23232323nmnmnmnm
Shine-dalgarno sequence in
16s RNA (initiation sequence of
protein synthesis in prokaryotes
conservation sequences of
5sRNA and 5.8sRNA can
recognise TψCCCC ring in tRNA
The physic-chemical
propertices of nucleic acids
1. size
2. Hydrolysis of nucleic acids
3.denaturation,renaturation,
hybridization