Document-Based Question

Colonial Settlement of New York State

Name___________________________________________

Teacher_________________________________________

Date____________________________________________

Score

Teacher Evaluation

© Edwardscape 2003

Name______________________________________

Colonial Settlement of New York State Document-Based Question

Directions

The Task below is based on documents 1 through 7. This task is designed to test your ability to work with historical documents. Look at each document and answer the question or questions after each document. Use your answers to the questions to help you write your essay.

Historical Backgroud Colonial Settlement of New York State dates back to the 1600’s. The early Dutch and English settlers found their way in a New World with the help of local native populations and slaves. Social, economic, and political relationships developed between colonists, slaves, and native populations which would lead to a new way of life known as colonial New York.

Task

For Part A, read each document carefully and answer the question or questions after each document. Then read the directions for Part B and write your essay. For Part B, use your answers from Part A, information from the documents, and your knowledge of social studies to write a well-organized essay. In the essay you should:

Describe Dutch and English settlement of New York and the influence slave and native populations had on the social, economic, and political development of colonial life in New York State.

© Edwardscape 2003

Colonial Settlement of New York State-Document-Based Question: Part A Document # 1

European Depiction of Native Americans Fishing

Illustration: "The Manner of Their Fishing," by Robert Weir, © The British Museum, licensed by the

Trustees of the British Museum. Europeans often referred to all Native Americans as Delawares, since many lived along what the Europeans named the Delaware River. In reality, the native people in this area were as diverse as the European immigrants. Two major groups of Native Americans lived in what is now New York State: the Algonquin in the Hudson Valley and on Long Island and the Iroquois to the west. Each group consisted of many clans and were highly accomplished hunters, fishers, and farmers. In addition, the Iroquois had a highly organized political system that some historians think influenced the U.S. Constitution.

(Source: PBS Adventures in Citizenship: Episode One, Topic One) 1.Why did the Europeans often refer to Native Americans as Delawares? _______________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2.What two major groups of Indians lived in Colonial New York ? _____________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 3.How would you describe the lifestyle of New York’s Native Americans? ______________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 4.How did the highly organized political system of the Iroquois influence American government? ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________

© Edwardscape 2003

Colonial Settlement of New York State-Document-Based Question: Part A Document # 2

Illustration: "Dutch Weight," by G. Cruikshank, courtesy of the Berg Collection of English and American Literature, The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox, and Tilden Foundations.

“Dutch Weight": In some stories, the Dutch cheated the Indians by mis-weighing the furs the Indians brought to trade. 1.What are the Dutch colonists and Indians doing in the above document? ______________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2.What does the term “Dutch Weight” mean? _________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 3.What did the Dutch and Indians have to gain by trading furs? _________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________

© Edwardscape 2003

Colonial Settlement of New York State

Document # 3

In this 1670 account, Daniel Denton offers an explanation of the effect that European colonization of New York has had upon the natives. From "A Brief Description of New-York Formerly Called New Netherlands," by Daniel Denton, 1670. Source: Historic Chronicles of New Amsterdam, Colonial New York and Early Long Island, Second Series, Cornell Jaray. Ed. (Port Washington, New York:Ira J. Friedman, Ind. 1968).

To say something of the Indians, there is now but few upon the Island, and those few no ways hurtful but rather serviceable to the English, and it is to be admired, how strangely they have decreast by the Hand of God, since the English first setling of those parts; for since my time, where there were six towns, they are reduced to two small Villages, and it hath been generally observed, that where the English come to settle, a Divine Hand makes way for them, by removing or cutting off the Indians either by Wars one with the other, or by some raging mortal Disease. They live principally by Hunting, Fowling, and Fishing: their Wives being the Husbandmen to till the Land, and plant their corn. The meat they live most upon is Fish, Fowl, and Venison; they eat likewise Polecats, Skunks, Racoon, Possum, Turtles, and the like…. 1.What happened to Indian villages when the English started settling upon the Island? ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2.What was “generally observed” when the English settled nearby Indian villages? ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 3.How were the principal economic roles of Indian men and women different? ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 4.What did Daniel Dutton mean when he said, “the English come to settle, and a Divine Hand makes way for them”? ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________

© Edwardscape 2003

Colonial Settlement of New York State Document # 4

Document 1A Document 1B

Document 1A- An illustration of a slave auction in Manhattan; unlike at plantations in the South, slaves on Long Island lived just a few to a house, usually away from friends and relatives. Document 1B- New York Public Library. Slaves are show working in this 1642 artist drawing of New Amsterdam.

1.How were slaves living in Manhattan different than slaves living at plantations in the South? ____________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 2.What type of work did slaves do in colonial New York? ______________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 3.Why are two colonists overlooking the fields where the slaves are working? ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 4.Why did the colonists feel they needed slaves? _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________

© Edwardscape 2003

Colonial Settlement of New York State Document # 5

Source: Papers of the Lloyd Family of the Manor of Queens Village, Lloyd’s Neck, Long Island, NY, 1654-1826 (The New York Historical Society, Collections 1927)

AN VINTORY OF THE GOODS AND CHATTELS &CA OF THE ESTATE OF COLL. MELANCTHON TAYLOR WOOLSEY DECEA’D TAKEN THE 14TH DAY OF DECEMBER 1758 VIZ.

Taylor Woolsey’s possessions upon his death on December 14th, 1758

2 Decanters & 10 Glases 1 Burnt Cheina Bowl

Tea Tackling 1 Tea pot & Sugar pott &c

2 Glass Salts 1 Jugg Earthen

10 knives & forks 1 horse whip (cat gut)

1 Bareskin Muff 2 hoes @2/6

1 Negro Man Nam’d Ishmael

1 Negro Woman Named Saul and Child Names Prissila

1 Negro Boy nam’d Jack 1 Negro Girl Named Patience

Flax in the Sheaf 1 Leach Tub

120 Bushell Wheat in Stack @5 120 Bushell of Oats @ 1/6

1. Based upon the possessions of Taylor Woolsey, what did colonists eat? ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2.Why did Taylor Woolsey own 2 negro adults and 3 negro childrern? __________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________

What do the following items tell us about Taylor Woolsey’ lifestyle?

Burnt Cheina Bowl 1 Jugg Earthen 1 Horsewhip 1Bareskin Muff 2 Hoes

1 Leach Tub 120 Bushell Wheat 120 Bushell Oats 10 Knives & Forks 2 Glass Salts

© Edwardscape 2003

Colonial Settlement of New York State

Document # 6

Oyster Bay Historical Society

A page from the diary of Cove Neck housewife Mary Cooper, open to Thursday, July 13, 1769.

1764

Tuesday was a Very bad Snow Storm a great Snow fell to Day before this storm had been a fine Spell of Wether Very warm for Saturday february ye 10 Day we finished

thrashing We have 32 bushels of wheat in the house

1767 Joseph Robinson drowned June 11th. June ye 24 Noble [probably a slave] was hurt by a

fall his Scull brok and 7 or 8 bitts of the Skull bone Taken out.

1771. I am unwell and much aflected for fear of the small pox. I had envited some of my

friends to come here to see Ester [her daughter] and dade would not let me have a turkey to rost for supper and I am so aflected and ashamed about it that I feele as if I should

never get over it. I got to bed feared and distressed at 1 or 2 o'clok in the morning. (Source: Long Island: Our Story (Newsday)

Events of 1764 Events of 1767 Events of 1771

1.What do the events in Mary Cooper’s diary tell us about her lifestyle? ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________

© Edwardscape 2003

Colonial Settlement of New York State

Document # 7

The New-York Historical Society

An oil painting by G. Moore shows shipbuilding in New Netherlands in the 1600s. In the next century, under English rule, Long Island's economy grew as ships took agricultural bounty

abroad and returned with technology and trade goods.

1.When did New Netherlands (now New York) begin shipbuilding? ________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 2.When did shipbuilding grow? ___________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 3.Why was shipbuilding important in New Netherlands? ___________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 4.How do you think shipbuilding influenced the economy between New Netherlands and Europe? __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________

© Edwardscape 2003

Colonial Settlement in New York State

Document-Based Question: Part B

Directions Using the documents, the answers to the questions in Part A, and your knowledge of social studies, write a well-organized essay

Historical Backgroud Colonial Settlement of New York State dates back to the 1600’s. The early Dutch and English settlers found their way in a New World with the help of local native populations and slaves. Social, economic, and political relationships developed between colonists, slaves, and native populations which would lead to a new way of life known as colonial New York.

Task

For Part A, read each document carefully and answer the question or questions after each document. Then read the directions for Part B and write your essay. For Part B, use your answers from Part A, information from the documents, and your knowledge of social studies to write a well-organized essay. In the essay you should:

Describe Dutch and English settlement of New York and the influence slave and native populations had on the social, economic, and political development of colonial life in New York State.

Make sure you include the following in your essay:

• Description of Dutch and English colonial settlements • Description of slaves and native populations and their influence on colonial settlement • Details and examples of social, economic, and political relationships between colonists, slaves, and native populations • Include introduction, body, and a conclusion • Develop your essay by using details, examples, and reasons provided by the documents

© Edwardscape 2003

Colonial Settlement of New York State

Document-Based Question: Part B: Essay ________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________

© Edwardscape 2003

Colonial Settlement of New York State

Document-Based Question: Part B: Essay : Page 2 ________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________

© Edwardscape 2003

Rubric: Document-Based Question: Colonial Settlement of New York State Score of 4

• Thoroughly addresses all aspects of the task by describing Dutch and English settlement of New York and the influence slave and native populations had on the social, economic, and political development of colonial life in New York State. Needs to include information from many documents (4-5 documents) • May incorporate relevant outside information related to Dutch and English settlement of New York and the influence slave and native populations had on colonial life. • Consistently uses accurate data to discuss the dynamics of colonial settlement • Develops ideas fully by thoroughly explaining details of colonials settlement in relationship to slaves and native populations • Demonstrates a logical plan of organization and coherence, including a clear beginning (introduction), middle (body), and ending (conclusion)

Score of 3 • Addresses most aspects of the task by describing Dutch and English settlement of New York and the influence slave and native populations had on the social, economic, and political development of colonial life in New York State. Should include information from several documents (2-3 documents) • Includes accurate data, using specific examples linking the dynamics of colonial settlement of New York State. • Develops ideas satisfactorily but may include few specific details linking the dynamics of colonial settlement of New York State. • Uses a logical plan of organization, including a list style • Generally expresses ideas clearly about Dutch and English settlement of New York and the influence slave and native populations had on colonial lifestyle

Score of 2 • Addresses some aspects of task by describing 1-2 details of colonial settlement in relationship to slaves and native populations. Includes information from only a few documents (1-2) • Uses some accurate data but may include some irrelevant or inaccurate data • Demonstrates weakness in development of ideas with few supporting details • Attempts to organize information, but may go off the topic or lack focus • Attempts to express ideas clearly but does not do so fully and completely

Score of 1 • Shows a limited understanding of the task • Does not use specific information to support ideas or uses incorrect or irrelevant information • Fails to make use of the documents or makes only vague reference to them • Lacks a plan of organization or does not express ideas clearly

Score of 0 • Fails to answer question or is totally unrelated to topic • Uses no accurate data, • essay is illegible, incoherent, or a blank paper

© Edwardscape 2003