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Transcript of Author Index - link.springer.com978-94-011-6352-1/1.pdfequine antiglobulin 138 ... antigen antibody...
Author Index
Abba!, M., 15 Alecu, c., 421 Alvord, E., Jr. 39 Amaducci, L., 75,157,250 Andersen, 0., 110 Arfaioli, C., 75 Arnon, R., 144 Avanzi, G., 75, 157
Barontini, F., 250 Bates, D., 176 Bauer, H. J., 364 Behrens-Baumann, W., 278 Benecke, R., 213,226 Beneton, C., 28 Berry, K., 463 Bervoets, S., 292 Billian, A., 55 Blancher, A., 15 Blumbergs,P.C., 363 Boisson, D., 28 Bollengier, F., 381 Borenstein, S., 337 Bornstein, M. B., 144 BoutrY,J.M., 246 Brette, J., 15 Brinkman, C.J.J., 72 Brohee, D., 151,416 Brucher, J.M., 362,470
Cabanis, E.A., 367,368 Cambi, F., 75 Cambiaso, C. L., 10 Capon, A., 302 Capparelli, R., 75, 157, 250 Caputo, D., 319,384,387 Carels, G., 392 Carton, H., 55, 161,299 Catz, 1., 40, 237 Cazzullo, C. L., 319, 384, 422 Cendrowski, W., 91 Cerf, E., 392 Cerf, J. A., 392 Cha!on, M.P., 10 Claeys, H., 55 Clanet, M., 15 Clausen, J., 23, 398 Clinet, G., 381
Conrad, B., 213, 226 Crols, R., 59, 70 Czlonkowska, Anna 47
Darvish, M., 463 Dasgupta, M. K., 40 de Bastiani, P., 454 De Brunier, 0., 246 deCock, W., 410 De Coster, W., 83 Decree, J., 410 De Laet, H. A., 292 del Como, G., 319 Delmotte, P., 126,381,409,410 Delplace, M. P., 309 Deltenre, P., 302 Delwaide, P.J., 214 Demonty, L., 126,219,410 De Reuck, J., 83 De Saxce, H., 135 de Smedt, L., 342 De Smet, Y., 126, 219, 362, 409, 470 De Zanche, C., 63 Dom, R., 299 Dossetor, J. B., 40 Droissart, Chr 161 Dumont, J.-P., 151,416 Dworkin, R. H., 176
Eiben, P., 373 Eysette, M., 28
Fareed, G. C., 463 Faverly, D., 416 Ferrante, P., 319 Field, E. J., 346, 403 Firnhaber, W., 119 Fog, T., 20 Franchesini, M., 448 Franco, C., 75, 157 Fratiglioni, L., 157 Friedrich, H., 373
Gallo, P., 63 Gautama, K., 161 Genetet, B., 240 Genetet, N., 240 Geutjens, J., 342
479
Gheuens, J., 7,70 Ghezzi, A., 384, 387, 422 Giussani, D., 387 Gonsette, R. E., xxv, 126,219, 362, 409,
410,470 Granieri, E., 454 Graves, M. C., 463 Grigorova, 0., 259 Guarnieri, B. M., 75, 157 Guenther, W., 166,253 Guillaumat, J., 309 Guseo, A., 206 Gybels, J., 227
Haas, J., 282 Halkjaer Kristensen, J., 20 Hallpike, J. F., 363 Hansen, H. J., 398 Hategan, D., 421 Hauw, J.J., 246 Heltberg, A., 20, 333 Herode, A., 337 Heulle, H., 125 Heyligen, H., 16, 411 Hische, E.A.H., 262 Hogenhuis, L. A. H., 273,432 Hommes, O. R., 72, 101 Hooghe, R. J., 3 Hooghe-Peters, E., 3 Hruby, S., 39
Iba-Zizen, M. T., 367,368 Inzitari, D., 157,250
Jacquy, J., 151,416 Jans, H., 20 John, D., 119 Joyce, G., 403
Kennes,8., 151,416 Ketelaer, P., 161,263,302 Koenig, N. H., 166,253 Koetsier, J. C., 417 Kuks, J., 300
Laterre, E. C., 10, 125 Lauer, K., 119 Leroy, C.P., 151,416 Lhermotte, F., 135,246,367,368 Liska, H., 202 Lissoir, F., 161 Livrea, P., 441 Logroscino, G. C., 441 Lombardo, R., 157 Lowenthal, A., 7, 59, 70 Luca, N., 421 LOnser, K., 226 Luyendijk, L., 417 Lyon-Caen, 0., 246,367,368
INDEX
480
McPherson, T. A., 40, 237 Madigand, M., 240 Magagni, G.A., 448 Mahler, A., 381 Malfroid, A.M., 392 Manca, M., 454 Marforio, S., 384, 387 Marini, P., 259 Marteau, R., 135,246,367, 368 Masson, P. L., 10 Medaer, R., 342 Meise, J., 70 Mertin, 1., 29 Miccoli, G., 448 Michalowska, G., 195 MilIar,l.H.D., 176 Miller, A.!., 144 Millett, M. F., 28 Minderhoud, J.M., 300 Mispelblombeuer, 1.0., 417 Montagna, C. G., 448 Montanini, R., 422
Nakamura, S., 463 Neu, I. S., 166, 184,253 Neu, 1., 88 Neve, P., 151,416 Nijst, D., 16,411,427,459 Noel, G., 151,416 Noppe, M., 59,70
Offner, H., 427
Paty, D. W., 176 Patzold, U., 282 Pedersen, E., 215,398 Pedersen, I. R., 24 Pinna, L., 454 Piperno, R., 448 Pisicchio, R., 441 Poser, C. M., 327 Poser, S., 278, 373 Pouliot, B., 240 Prosiegel, M., 88 Puel,F.l., 15
Rascol, A., 15 Rastogi, S. c., 398 Raun,N.E., 20 Raus, J., 16,299,411,427,459 Reulen,l.P.H., 273,432 Rigolet, M. H., 368 Rosnowska, M., 91 Rothfelder, U., 166 Rouliet, E., 246, 367, 368 Rzepecki, Z., 47
Sabouraud,O., 240
Saedeleer, J. de 299 Sampson, M., 373 Sanders, E. A. C. M., 273, 432 Schelling, F., 433 Schipper, H.I., 278 Schmid, P., 463 Schuller, E., 246 Sela, M., 144 Shapshak, P., 463 Shaw, C. M., 39 Shaw,D.A., 176 Sidhu, K., 463 Simone, I. L., 441 Sindic, C. J. M., 10, 125 Sindou, M., 28 Sita, D., 157, 250 Slagle, S., 144 Slimp, J., 39 Sluga, E., 202 Smits, M. Y., 300 Soucop, W., 202 Spada, V., 144 Stecchi, S., 448 Stragier, J., 299 Struhl, S., 302 Swerts, M., 342 Symoens, J., 410
Tamraz, J., 367, 368 Tavolato, B., 63 Teitelbaum, D., 144 ter Laak, H. J., 72 ter Steege, G., 300 Theys, P., 161 Tokarz, E., 195 Tola, R., 454
AUTHOR INDEX
Tourtellotte, W. W., 398,463 Trojano, M., 441 Tschabitscher, H., 202 Tzvetanova, E., 259
Unger, M., 23
Vandenbark, A., 16,299,411,427,459 Vandeputte, I., 161 vander Eechen, H., 83 van der Helm, H. J., 262 Van Haver, H., 55, 161 van Hees, J., 161 vanKamp,G.J., 417 van Neckel, C., 302 van Poppel, H., 263 van Rompaey, F., 16,411,427,459 van Roost, D., 227 van Walbeck, H. K., 262 Vereecken, R. L., 263 verHaeghen, H., 410 Vermylen, c., 55, 161 Vervliet, G., 55 Voiculescu, V., 421
Wajgt, A., 195 Walter, G. F., 470 Warren, K. G., 40,237 Wender, M., 195 Wurster, U., 282 Wuzel, H., 278
Yordanov, B., 259
Zaffaroni, M., 319,384,387 Zeeberg, I., 20, 24 Zimatore, G. B., 141
481
Subject Index
abiotrophy 347 white matter 356
acid a-naphthylacetatesterase 283 T-lymphocyte evaluation in CNS 284-6,
288 acid phosphatase and CSF cells
activity 84-6 Guillain-Barre syndrome 84, 85 multiple sclerosis 85 subacute sclerosing panencephalitis 84, 86
acute disseminated encephalomyelitis 347 E-UFA test 357 MS distinction 354 treatment 358
acute remitting MS, polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation 176-82
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 203 treatment effects 350, 352
adverse reactions azathioprine 124, 448, 453 cyclophosphamide 128, 133 immunoglobulin therapy 174 intrathecal corticosteroids 256 saffiower oil 193 tizanidine 221, 222 transfer factor 163 triamcinolone acetonide 258
age, experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and MS 30
a-albumin CSF 59-61
plasmapheresis effects 158 MS clinical status 60, 61 neurological disease CSF levels 60, 61 prednisone and serum levels 196 quotient and blood-CSF barrier
damage 442 Alzheimer's disease 465
CSF a-albumin 60 transferrin/Tau ratio and age 67, 68
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and poliovirus 464
annual relapse rate (APR) 126 cyclophosphamide effects 128-30, 132 spontaneous decrease 129 transient reduction and
cyclophosphamide 130
483
anterior internuclear ophthalmoplegia incidence and MS 295 signs 295
antibody see also immunoglobulin antibrain in CSF 18,427-30
ELISA detection 459-61 synovial fluid 427-30
equine antiglobulin 138 monoclonal anti-T-cell and EAE course
72-4 myelin basic protein in EAE and MS 39 viral antigens in MS 7, 15
antigen brain
characterization 16 detection by CSF 16-18,411-14 IgG levels 398
pathogen role 4, 5 sensitization index 50, 52
antigen-active rosette forming cell assay 49 antilymphocyte serum 107
azathioprine and prednisone treatment 135-43
beneficial effects 142 treatment schedule 136
anti-myelin basic protein 17 antispastic drugs 217; see also individual
drugs mechanism of action 223
a-antitrypsin titres in MS 381-3 arachiodonic acid
inborn mishandling 347 MS serum and marine oil 96
assay, immunological 136; see also ELISA and RIA
assessment clinical 13 7 handicap 139, 140 numerical classification 327-32 self and immunoglobulin therapy 173 self and lympho-plasmapheresis 153 spinal cord dysfunction 213 visual evoked potentials 422-5
astroglial cell markers 59 astroglial tumours, brain protein
autoantibodies 71 auto-antibodies, brain specific proteins 70,71
auto-immunity 4-6 immunoregulation breakdown 29 therapeutic approach 5, 6
azathioprine antilymphocyte serum and prednisone
treatment 135-43 long-term treatment 119-24, 125 lymphocyte populations activated 451,
452 neutral proteinase activity 79 prior course 120 response in MS 102 rosette forming variation 450 T cell subsets 207 transfer factor comparison 448-53
baclofen 217 tizanidine comparison 220
Behc;:et's disease 357 benign form of MS 384-6
definition 384 features 284 onset age and symptoms 385
bladder atonia, intermittent catheterization 266
bladder function assessment 264 contraction and muscle spasm 264, 265 indwelling catheters 265 a-receptors 266 spasticity, factors affecting 264 spinal cord stimulation 230
bladder reflex in spinal lesions 217 blink reflexes 275, 303
value 304 blood-brain barrier
damage and IgG treatment 167 CSF cell count 169, 170
profile 68 blood-CSF barrier 441-6
albumin restricticn 444 damage in MS 441 evaluation 443 inflammatory disease 446 permselectivity 442, 443
B-Iymphocytes 3 cyclophosphamide effects 132
bout classification 114 and T cell subset activity 206-8 type and next bout interval 113-17
brain see also antibody, antigen antibody in synovial fluid and
CSF 427-31 perivenous bleedings 437,438 postmortem examination 471
-specific MS antigens 398 autoantibodies 70, 71 CSF detection 411-14
INDEX
vascular expansions 433 white matter fatty acids 96
brainstem auditory evoked potentials 163, 164
method 274, 303 brain tumour and transferrin/Tau ratio 66,
67 breast feeding and MS incidence 356
case control study 319-25 epidemiological approach 320
catheter, mirror 266 catheterization, self 266 cell culture
CSF lymphocytes and myelinated cultures 246-9
myelinated 247 Yero 464
measles infected 24, 25 cell mediated immunity
EAE and MS 36 and Iympho-plasmapheresis 416
central nervous system (CNS) viral nucleic acid sequences 463-8
cerebral vein, fleeting expansion and white matter 437
cerebroside clinical status of MS 50, 51 CSF and peripheral blood 50-2 sensitization and clinical status 51, 52
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) a-albumin 59-61 antiviral antibodies 15 brain antigen detection 16-18,411-14 brain-specific proteins 61 complement 20-2 concentration 64 -y-globulin levels and blood-brain barrier
damage 167-70 glycolipid sensitization in MS 50-3 immune complexes 20-2 isolated optic neuritis 282-9 local immunoglobulin classes 10-14 oligoclonal IgG bands 10, 11
optic neuritis 388, 389 plasmapheresis effects 157-9
albumin 158, 159 IgG 158
protein passage and radius 441,442 spinal tensions 438, 439 transferrin/Tau ratio 63 volume-pressure ratio 434 (3-zone immunofixation 64, 65
cerebrospinal fluid cells
484
acid phosphatase activity and neurological disorders 84-6
blood-brain barrier disturbance 169, 170 culture 247
SUBJECT INDEX
immunoglobulin secretion 248 in vitro demyelination 248 isolation 84 T lymphocyte proportion in MS 288
ceruloplasmin, onset MS values 421 Charcot 346, 406 children, MS signs 406; see also
hyperactivity cholesterol esters
acute and remissive MS 192 analyses 186 CSF in MS 189-91 serum in MS 185, 188, 189 chromatofocussing 428, 429
chromatography, gas; fatty acids 186 chronico-progressive disease, copolymer I
effects 147 cisternography, isotopic
abnormal findings 251 CSF findings in MS 251 IgG index 251, 252 MS course 250-2 patient groups 250
clinical features, experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and MS 30, 31
clinical state and CSF immunoglobulins 12 clinical trials
problems 102 relapse rate and design 11 0-18
clonus, tizanidine effectiveness 220, 221 clupanodonic acid 91
in MS serum after marine oil 96 colour vision defect 278 compensation system, W. Germany 364-6
war service 364 complement
activation products 22 C3 and C4 in MS patients 20-2 detection 21 lympho-plasmapheresis 154 serum analysis and treatment 138, 139
computed tomography (CT) scan 276 findings in definite MS 367, 369 iodine injection 367 lesion detection 276, 277 optic nerve visualization 368-71 procedure 368, 369 stage of illness 369
control group compilation 119 convergent abolition, MS and neurological
disease 296 copolymer-I
composition 145 experimental allergic encephalomyelitis
suppression 144 and MS types 145, 147-50 preliminary trial results 147 source 146
treatment duration 148 cortical atrophy 367 corticosteroid see also triamcinolone
intrathecal and acute MS 253-8 adverse reactions 256
optic neuritis 288 therapy theory 256
course azathioprine treatment 120, 121
intermittent 120, 121 progressive 122, 123
factors affecting 108 oligoclonal CSF bands 388
craniocerebral trauma CSF cholesterol esters 191 linoleic acid levels 184, 193 MS control group 185 phosphatide and cholesterol esters 186-8
craniospinal vessels, volume changes 434 crossed immunoelectrophoresis 254, 255
a-macroglobulin and MS diagnosis 259-61
CSF see cerebrospinal fluid cyclophosphamide
carcinogenicity 133 dose 127 isophosphamide comparison 131 long-term treatment 125, 126-34 pulse intensive 130 pulse and maintained, assessment 130,131 selection 127 side effects 128 single dose and relapse rate 128, 129 treatment in MS 102, 107
cyclosporin A 107 cystostomy 265
dantrolene sodium, spasticity 217 dementia, brain-specific autoantibodies 70,
71 demyelinating syndromes
multifocal, pancreatic encephalopathy 362
myelin basic protein levels 238 demyelination assay 247,248 diagnosis
clinical 389 CSF, IgG in optic neuritis 279 IgG index 262 az-macroglobulin heterogeneity 259,260 multimodality, evoked potentials 302-7 myelin basic protein assay 417-20 patient attitude 374 social changes 375-8
diet
485
enriched marine oil 91-7 polyunsaturated fatty acid
supplementation 176-82
disability diagnosis knowledge 374 official recognition, effects 377, 378
disseminated encephalomyelitis 331 dorsal column stimulation 228; see also
spinal cord stimulation dysarthria 328, 329
EAE see experimental allergic encephalomyelitis
electromyogram (EMG) and spasticity measurement 213
encephalitis, a-albumin in CSF 60 encephalitogenic peptide
and platelet aggregation in MS 88-90 source 88
encephalomyelitis, postvaccinial in rabies 365, 366
enzyme immunoassay myelin basic protein 417-20; see also ELISA
method 418 sensitivity 419 values in progressive MS 420
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) 15
antibrain antibody 459-61 brain antigen detection 16, 17,398,
411-14 CSF and synovial fluid 427-30
epidemiological study 319 valid data 457
Epstein-Barr virus, polyclonal activation 5 erection monitoring 268, 269 E-rosettes 138 erythrocyte-unsaturated fatty acid test (E-
UFA) 348,349 amoxycillin effects 351 ferrous sulphate effects 351 hyperactivity 404, 405 plasma (PE-UFA) 404 smoking effects 350, 353
Eskimos, serum fatty acids 96 essential fatty acids see also individual fatty
acids, polyunsaturated MS patients 184-94
d'Este, Sir Augustus, MS description 346 E-UFA see erythrocyte-unsaturated fatty acid
test European Committee on Treatment and
Research in MS 104 evoked potential, multimodality see also
brain, somatosensory, visual CSF analysis comparison 305, 306 diagnostic yield 302-7 evoked potential battery hit rate 304, 305 evolution index 303 pending diagnosis group 305 tests 303
INDEX
exacerbating-remitting, copolymer I effect 147-50
experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) causes 39 cell-mediated immunity 36 chronic relapsing and MS 29,30-7 copolymer I effects 144 humeral immune response 35 linoleic acid protection 182 monoclonal anti-T cell antibodies 72-4 MS similarity 3,29 myelin breakdown 392 S-l00 protein detection 392-5 suppression 37
evoked potential battery, neurological disease diagnosis 305, 306
eye movement disorders, MS and optic neuritis 432
family study 352, 354 fatty acids see also polyunsaturated
serum levels linoleic acid treatment 179 marine oil and marine oil diet in MS 94 MS 186, 187
serum pattern and marine oil composition 93, 95
flexor reflexes 215-18 components 215 increased and spasm 216 spasm counting 216 spinal pathways 215 stretch reflex 217 threshold stimulation 216
flicker fusion test 388 flight of colours-test
normal values and MS 301 origin 300 procedure 300 visual evoked potential 301
FOG scores, immunoglobulin therapy 172, 173
frequency zones 454, 455 Friedrich's ataxia, essential fatty acids 193
gait ataxia 328, 329 ganglioside
clinical status of MS 50, 51 CSF and peripheral blood 50-2 sensitization and clinical status 51, 52
genetic factors 407; see also HLA experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and
MS susceptibility 31, 32 susceptibility gene 32
glial fibrillary acidic protein, autoantibodies and neurological disorders 70, 71
glycolipids, cerebral bound 53
486
SUBJECT INDEX
peripheral blood antibodies 48 role 48
Guillain-Barre syndrome CSF cell acid phosphatase activity 84, 85 myelin basic protein 43 T lymphocyte subsets 299, 301 transferrin-Tau ratio 67
heat symptom modification 309 visual evoked potentials 309-14
histological study 348 HLA antigens 15,171
DR2 55, 334-6 DW2 21 MS populations 31, 32 MS and twins 333-6 myelin lamellae attraction 356 optic neuritis 274 prognosis 105
Horner's syndrome, neurologic disorders and MS 296
humeral immunity see a/so immunoglobulin experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and
MS 35 intrathecal changes 10-14
Huntington's chorea 18,465 hydrocephalus aresorptivus, essential fatty
acids 193 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, MS onset
values 421 Hyperactive Children's Support Group 403 hyperactivity
laboratory test 403-7 maternal assessment 403 MS relationship 406, 407
hypersensitivity, immune responses 32, 33 hypothesis, current 347
ID cards, attitudes after diagnosis 377, 378 idiopathic polyneuropathy, blood-CSF
barrier idiotype-antiidiotype immune response 7, 8,
106 viral infection role 8
immune complex circulating
changes in MS 13 characterization 23 MS 20-2 MS activity 45
CSF binding 22 detection 11,21,41 immunoelectrophoresis 24-7 measles antigen isolation 25,26 myelin basic protein antigen 40-5 rabbit immunization 24-6
immune modulation and levamisole 410
immune reactions 3,4 immune system
chronic relapsing EAE and MS 32-5 components 33, 35 and hypersensitivity types 33
immunodepression 448 immunoelectrophoresis, immune complex
characterization 25, 26 immunoglobulin A (IgA)
CSF values in MS 10, II lympho-plasmapheresis 154
immunoglobulin E (IgE) CSF changes in MS II in IgG treatment 171
immunoglobulin G (IgG) acute optic neuritis, CSF production 279 brain antigen levels 398 CNS synthesis and lesions 195 CSF changes in MS 10-12
and plasmapheresis 158, 159 CSF and prognosis in optic
neuritis 278-81 high-dose prednisone and
intrathecal 195-200 index
abnormal cisternography 251, 252 diagnosis 262
intracerebral synthesis MS and optic neuritis 284 oligoclonal bands 284, 285
intrathecal, significance 105 isoelectric focussing 409 lympho-plasmapheresis 154 oligoclonal bands
anti brain antibody 17 MS 39 optic neuritis 283
synthesis detection 276 immunoglobulin G3, fraction reactivity in
MS 18 immunoglobulin G (IgG) infusions in acute
MS 166-74 FOG scores 172, 173 hazards 174 lymphocyte toxicity 166 preparation 167, 171
immunoglobulin M (IgM) CSF values in MS 10-12 lympho-plasmapheresis 154
immunological activity deficient or overactive 101, 102 enhancement 101
immunological disorders immunological treatments
assessment, Melsbroek Nijmegen 104
clinical trials 106, 107 history 101
487
105, 106 101-8
103
INDEX
immunoregulation, polyunsaturated fatty acid role 96
immunostimulation 448 immunosuppression
annual relapse rates 132, 133 anti-T cell antibodies 72-4 prophylactic 72, 73 pulse and maintained
cyclophosphamide 129-32 role in MS and EAE treatment 37 T cell subsets 202-4, 241-4 therapeutic 73, 74 treatment regime 203
Immuran 107 incidence data
bout frequency decline 112 clinical trial design 11 0-18 early onset and bout frequency 112 second bout, hazard function 112, 113 time intervals and bout distribution 112,
114 income changes after diagnosis 376, 377 incontinence
implantation devices 268 treatment 265-9
infectious disease 321; see also individual diseases
interferon activity in MS 55-8 peripheral blood leukocytes and MS 56
conA stimulation 56 disease progression 56 HLA-DR 2 57
treatment 107 inflammatory reaction, focal or
infiltration 108 in situ hybridization 463-8 intellectual impairment 342-5 interferential current therapy
bladder function 268 principle 267
interleukin 1 (lymphocyte activating factor) 34
interleukin 2 (T cell growth factors) 34 IQ
assessment 343 premorbid and MS 343-5
isoelectric focussing CSF gamma globulins 409 intrathecal IgG synthesis 444
isophosphamide tolerance and toxicity 131 Italy
epidemiology of MS 454-8 prevalence rate 454, 456 reassessment, Barbagia 454-7
Kann- Versorgung 365 keyhold limpit haemocyanin 427-30
PVC plate absorption 460 kinestherapy after neurosurgery 28 kinetic perimetry test 297 KLiLL chain ratio 196
prednisone medication effects 199, 200 Kurtzke Disability Status Scale 107
azathioprine treatment 120, 121 benign MS 384 copolymer I use 149 linoleic acid treatment 176-82 transfer factor 164
laboratory tests 348-54 latitude 319 LED pattern reversal 422, 423 leukocytes, peripheral blood and HuIFN
response 55 levamisole and immune modulation in
MS 410 linoleic acid
deficiency 177 dose and formulation 177 inborn mishandling 347 serum and CSF determination 192, 193 treatment 176-82
evaluation 178, 179 groups 177 patient prOfiles 180 relapse rate 180 serum fatty acids 179
a-linolenic acid 91 therapy 357
lymphocytes see also Band T autoimmune disease 5 CSF cell culture and demyelination 247,
248 glycolipid sensitization in MS 50-3 manipulation and therapy 6 subpopulations 34
lymphocytopheresis 107 lymphoid irradiation 107 lympho-plasmapheresis 151-5
cell mediated immunity in progressive MS 416
clinical effects 152 immunity effects 154 miction troubles 153, 154 neurological tests 153 protocol 151, 152 self-assessment scores 153, 154
a2-macroglobulin 381-3
488
blood-CSF barrier selectivity 442, 443 crossed immunoelectrophoresis 254 diagnostic value 259-6 I microheterogeneity in MS 254,255,260
cause 261 incidence 255,260 MS activity 260
SUBJECT INDEX
macrophage electrophoretic mobility-linoleic acid depression test (MEM-LAD) 348, 349
macrophages and autoimmune disease 5 marine oil (Maxepax)
chromatogram 93 fatty acid composition 92 toxicity 97
measles 347 antibody titres in MS 7, 381-3, 463 antigen in immune complexes 24-7 epitope internal image 8 haemagglutinin image in sera 8 isolation 25 nucleotide sequences in plaques 463 plaque reduction test 26 polyclonal activators 5 virion structure 7
Melsbroek disability scale, transfer factor therapy 164
Melsbroek symposium, immunosuppressive treatment 102, 103
meningoencephalitis blood-CSF barrier permselectivity 445 CSF profile 169
mental changes 328, 330 meralgia paraesthetica 357 microtitre plates, antibrain antibody
absorption 459-61 miction troubles 154 mitogen response, defective 56, 58 monitoring 237-69 muscular stiffness, tizanidine efficacy 220,
221 myasthenia gravis
case history 337-9 MS association 337-9 myelin basic protein 43 treatment 337
mycoplasma-like bodies 474, 475 neurotoxicity 475
myelin basic protein (MBP) 29,47 antibodies in MS 40 antisera raising 460 auto-antibodies and neurological
disorders 70, 71 characterization of immune complexes 41 CSF 61
monitoring by radioimmunoassay 237-9
synovial fluid antibodies 427-9 demyelination 40 demyelination syndromes 238 EAE and MS 39, 40 electrophoresis 41,42,44 encephalitogenic 75 enzyme-immunoassay diagnostic
method 418
value 417-20 hypersensitivity 260 immune complex antigen in MS 40-5 in vitro immune complexes 42 MS brain extracts 459-61 MS clinical state 43 normal human serum binding 44, 45 preparation 237 radioimmunoassay 42, 44 serum fragments 80 viral conditions 43
myelin lamellae, electrostatic attractions 355 myelin sheaths, mechanical vulnerability 439 myelopathy, tizanidine assessment 226
natural killer activity in MS 55-8 HLA-DR 2 phenotypes 57, 58
neuromyelitis optica 357 neurosurgery, paraplegia 28 neuro-urological problems, diagnosis and
treatment 263-9 neutral proteinase
assay 77 azathioprine 79 dexamethasone 79 inactive MS 76, 78 MS clinical status 75, 76, 78 plasma eXchange 77, 78 polymorphonuclear in MS 75-80
Nijmegen workshop, immunosuppressive treatment 104
non-equilibratory signs 328, 330 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
tomography, lesion detection 31 numerical classification 327-32
autopsy data 328, 331 scoring system 328
nystagmus 328, 330 neurological disease and MS 297 types 297
occupation changes after diagnosis 375, 376 ocular signs of MS 292-8, 328, 329 oculo-motor paralysis and MS 296 oligodendrocyte scheme in MS 355 oligodendroglial damage 393
489
onset age
symptoms 328 twins 334
benign forms 385 early and bout frequency 112 5-HT and 5-HlAA values 421 signs 354
ophthalmological examination 368 optic neuritis 388
ophthalmological findings visual evoked potential comparison 423
optic atrophy number and MS 295 sheathing of retinal veins in MS 294
optic chiasma and ventriculo-cisternal pressure 438
optic examination 309; see also ophthalmic examination
optic nerve CT visualization 368-71 involvement 282 shape and optic neuritis 371
optic nerve bout extracranial and next bout interval 113,
116 intracranial and next bout interval 113,
115 optic neuritis 337
acute, IgG production 279-81 benign MS 278 corticosteroids 288 CNS involvement 273-7 CNS lesion detection 276 CSF findings in isolated 282-9 CSF IgG and prognosis 278-81 demyelinating disease 287 eye movement disorders 432 flicker fusion test 388 MS involvement 277 myelin basic protein 238 oligoclonal bands 283
and developing MS 284-6, 289 optic nerve shape 371 plagues 370 sex and MS development 289 toxic 284, 286, 287
pancreatic encephalopathy 362 paraplegia and neurosurgery 28 paradoxical pupillar dilatation 309 paresthesiae 328, 329 Parkinson's disease 465 Particle Counting Immunoassay
(PACIA) 11 pathophysiological profile 214 Pedersen Scale 137 perimeter scotomas, incidence in MS 297,
298 PGE2 test 348
and hyperactivity 404, 405 phenol, intrathecal 218 phenoxybenzamine and bladder
function 266, 267 phosphatides
acute and remissive MS 187,188,190 analysis 186 CSF in MS 189, 190 serum in MS 185-7
plaques 363 types and CT 370
INDEX
490
plasma exchange, PMN neutral proteinase effect 78, 79
plasmapheresis 107; see also lymphoplasmapheresis
CSF changes 157-9 PMN neutral proteinase levels 78
plasminogen, MS findings 381-3 platelet, antilymphocyte serum effects 137 platelet aggregation
ADP-induced, enhancement 89, 90 allergic encephalitogenic peptide 88-90 factor and release 89
PMN see polymorphonuclear leukocytes polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN)
isolation 77 neutral proteinases and MS status 76
polyneuropathy, brain protein autoantibodies 70
polypeptide, synthetic see copolymer polyunsaturated fatty acids see also individual
compounds, marine oil deficiency in MS 176, 177
diet supplementation 176-82 role and MS 182 serum determination 93 serum levels and enriched marine oil 91-7 w-3 and w-6 91
immunoregulation 96 prednisone
and azathioprine antilymphocyte serum treatment 135-43
intrathecal albumin levels 197 intrathecal IgG production 195-200 KLiLL chain ratio 196, 199 serum IgG and albumin levels 196 therapy and prior IgG spectrum 198
prevalence study, Barbagia, Italy 454-7 prevention 357 prognosis
CSF IgG production in acute optic neuritis 279, 280
oligoclonal bands in optic neuritis 289 optic neuritis 387-90
progression index azathioprine treatment 122, 123 gradient 124
progressive disease combined therapy 135-43 lympho-plasmapheresis 154, 155
and cell-mediated immunity 416 progressive multifocalleukoencephalopathy,
SV-40 probe 465-7 pursuit eye movements 275 pyramidal tract signs 328
questionnaire, case control study 320-3
SUBJECT INDEX
rabies postvaccinial encephalomyelitis 365 relaxing-remitting encephalomyelitis 366
radioimmunoassay (RIA) myelin basic protein 42, 237-9
sensitivity 238 Raji immune complexes 41
relapse rate antilymphocyte serum 139, 140 calculation 113-15, 117 therapy assessment 110-12
relapse-remitting progression, benign form 386
relationships, changes after diagnosis 374-6 remission 328
definition 329 remyelination stimulation 108 retrobulbar neuritis 350, 387
flight of colours-test 300, 301 rheumatoid arthritis 428 rhizotomy, selective posterior, paraplegia
rehabilitation 28 Rosen prosthesis 268 Rosenthal fibre reaction 363
S-I00 protein autoantibodies and neurological
disorders 70, 71 distribution 395 EAE 392-5 isolation and purification 393 rabbit CSF in EAE 394 source 394, 395
safflower oil, dose 192, 193 sarcoidosis 354, 356 Scharlach R granules 348 Schilder type sclerosis 362 serotonin, MS onset values 421 sexual dysfunction 269 sheathing of retinal veins
incidence and MS 293,294 neurological disease 293 -uveitis and MS relation 294
sigmoid sinus cerebral veins expansion 433 conductivity and volume in MS 436 diameters and MS 436, 437 terminal conductivity 435
skull volume measurement 435 smoking, E-UF A test effects 350, 353 social data 373-8 somatosensory evoked potentials
method 275, 303 transfer factor therapy 163, 164 urological problems 264
spasms, tizanidine effects 220, 221 spasticity
definition 222
feedback systems 222, 223 spinal column stimulation 230 therapy basis 219
spinal bout and next bout interval 113, 116 spinal cord
electrical stimulation 227-32 electrophysiological measurement 214 tension trajectory 438
spinal cord dysfunctions 213-32; see also spasticity
bladder reflex 217 clinical assessment 213 flexor reflex 215-18
spinal cord stimulation 227-30 conditions used 228 electrode placing 228 hypotheses 232 modification of dystonic conditions 228 result classification 229-31
subacute bacterial endocarditis, myelin basic protein 43
subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) antiidiotype sera binding 8 CSF cell acid phosphatase activity 84, 86 demyelination and measles infection 27 heterogenic nuclear bodies 475 PMN neutral proteinase 76 viral nucleic acid 465, 466
subarachnoid haemorrhage, transferrin/Tau ratio 66,67
suppressor cells see T lymphocytes Sydenham's chorea 5 symptoms, classical MS 355 syndrome 356, 357 synovial fluid
antibody reactivity 429 antibrain antibody 427-30
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) 339 myelin basic protein 43
Tau fraction 63; see also transferrin in MS and other conditions 66
thymectomy 107, 358 tizanidine 217
baclofen comparison 220 clinical antispastic experience 219 myorelaxant assessment 226 spasticity efficacy 220, 221 tolerance 222, 223 treatment duration 222 upper motor neurone syndrome 220, 221
T lymphocytes active 206
491
antibodies and EAE course in rats 72-4 avid and steroid treatment 206-8 CSF subsets and MS stage 206-9 helper
increased CSF levels 399-401
MS type and immunosuppression 241-4
neurological diseases 400, 401 helper-suppressor cell ratio (HSR) 202
immunosuppression 242 MS activity 243, 244 spinal fluid IgG 204
OKT antibody detection 34 subsets
immunosuppressive treatment 202-4, 241
MS type 241 in neurological disease 399-401
suppressor cells cytotoxic in MS and
immunosuppression 242, 243 deficit 105 detection 36, 37 role in disease 34
types and autoimmunity 3, 5 typing 105
transfer factor 107 administration 161 azathioprine comparison 448-53 disability assessment 449 double-blind treatment study 161-5 evaluations 162-5 lymphocyte populations 451,452 rosette forming variations 450 trial criteria 161
transferrin CSF and blood-brain barrier damage 68 properties and variants 63 -Tau ratio 65-8
MS and other conditions 66-8 total protein correlation 67
transudative profile 68 treatment 101-209, see also individual
therapies classical MS 357 recurrent ADEM 358
triamcinolone acetonide criteria for use 257 dose, intrathecal 257 tolerance 258
twins, HLA determination and MS 333-6 tymnodonic acids 91
in MS serum after marine oil 96
INDEX
492
ultrastructure ependymal cell, nuclear bodies 472 heterogenic nuclear bodies 472, 473 mycoplasma-like bodies 474 oligodendrocyte 473
Untoff sign 314 upper motoneurone syndrome, tizanidine
efficacy 220, 221 urethral closure mechanism 263 urethral sphincter, spasmolytic agents 267 Urilos napkin 264 urinary diversion 268, 269 urinary signs 328, 330 useless hand bout, next bout interval 113,
117 uveitis 294
vaccinations 321 bouts following 365
venous reflex and brain in MS 433-9 virus
nucleic acid in CNS 463-8 particle ultrastructure in MS 470-5 slow and MS aetiology 346 SV40 probe hybridization 465,467,468
visual evoked potentials 31 assessment 328, 329, 422-5 clinical MS status 422, 423 CT findings 371 DR latency and temperature 311-14 flash and pattern and visual field 424, 425 literature reports 422 methods 274, 310 ophthalmological findings 423 pattern reversal 303 P2 latency and temperature 311-14 prognosis 388, 389 room temperature 309-14 stimulation 310 subclinical lesion detection 424 transfer factor treatment 163, 164 value in optic neuritis 277
WeChsler Adult Intelligence Scale, assessment and MS 343-5
white matter involvement 348
zoster meningoencephalitis, CSF profile 169