4 - Raspberry.pptextension.oregonstate.edu/lane/sites/default/files/documents/...2/25/2011 1...
Transcript of 4 - Raspberry.pptextension.oregonstate.edu/lane/sites/default/files/documents/...2/25/2011 1...
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RaspberriesRed
YellowBlack
RaspberriesRed summer-bearers or “fall bearers”
Black fruited raspberries are called“blackcaps”. All fruit in June
Yellow fruitedsummer-bearers or“fall bearers”
Floricanes
Drupelet
Terminology: Fruiting Lateral
Primocanes
Summer-bearing Raspberries:
Primocanes
Floricanes
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Summer-bearing RaspberriesCultivars:
Recommended for Western Oregon
Meeker• Medium-large sized• Excellent for processing• Good flavor• Some resistance to root rot
Willamette
• Medium sized fruit• A bit dark when fully ripe• Good flavor• A bit susceptible to root rot
Summer-bearing RaspberriesCultivars:
Recommended for Western Oregon
Chilliwack
• Medium-large size• Excellent for fresh &• Excellent for fresh &
processing• Good, very sweet flavor• Somewhat susceptible to
root rot
Summer-bearing RaspberriesCultivars:
NOT highly recommended for Western OregonAll are sensitive to root rot
Canby
Tulameen
• Large sized fruit• Firm berries• A 55-day fruiting season• Excellent flavor• Susceptible to root rot
Chilcotin
Comox
Summer-bearing RaspberriesCultivars:
Note: The cultivars Newburghand Sumner are quite resistantto root rot. However, the flavorof these is not impressive
Newburgh
of these is not impressive
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Summer-bearing RaspberriesCultivars:
Recommended for Eastern OregonAll are relatively cold hardy
Haida
Skeena
Algonquin
• Small-medium fruit• Firm berries• Good flavor• Some resistance to root rot
Canby
Chilcotin
Summer-bearing RaspberriesPlanting Establishment:
New primocane growth(on a raised bed)
At the end of year 1
These young, shortprimocanes will producea “baby crop” in year 2
Summer-bearing RaspberriesManagement Systems:
Hedgerow
Hedgerow is too wideHedgerow is too wide
Summer-bearing RaspberriesManagement Systems:
Hill System
Dormant hill
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Summer-bearing RaspberriesPruning:
Step 1: Remove dead floricanes
Summer-bearing RaspberriesPruning:
Step 2:Thin primocanes
Step 3: Top primocanes
Summer-bearing Raspberries
Training Systems:
Hill System
“Tee pee”
Topped, bundle tie
Tee-pee
“Arc-cane”
Primocane-fruiting Raspberries:
Dead fruiting lateral
Tip portion of primocane that fruited dies
Base of cane will produce asummer crop next year (floricane)
winter
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Primocane-fruiting RaspberriesCultivars:
Kiwigold & Goldie
yellow-fruited clones ofHeritage, nearly identicalexcept fruit color
Heritage• Medium sized fruit• Good flavor• Season: Aug. 20 - early Oct.• Some resistance to root rot
except fruit color
Primocane-fruiting RaspberriesCultivars:
Summit
• Medium sized fruit• Good flavor• Season: Aug. 10 - early Sept.• Some resistance to root rot
SummitAmity
• Medium sized fruit• Good flavor• Season: Aug. 15 - early Sept.• Some resistance to root rot
Primocane-fruiting RaspberriesCultivars:
Kiwigold and Goldie,yellow-fruited clones ofHeritage, also available
Fallgold • Medium sized fruit• Good flavor• Season: Aug. 10 - early Sept.• Some resistance to root rot
Primocane-fruiting Raspberries
Planting Establishment:
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Primocane-fruiting RaspberriesPruning:
Remove tip portion in winter
For a June (floricane) & a fall (primocane) crop
Early summer crop on baseof floricanes in June
Primocane-fruiting RaspberriesPruning:
Leave about a 3-4” stubble
For a fall (primocane) crop only
Primocanes grow in spring
Black Raspberries: Black RaspberriesCultivars:
The commercial blackcaps grownare Rubus occidentalis
O ti bl k
Munger• Small-medium sized fruit• Firm berries• Good flavor• Susceptible to root rot
Our native blackcap, R. leucodermis, is great tasting
Canes have great fall color, butare very thorny
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Black RaspberriesCultivars:
Blackhawk
• Medium-sized fruit• Fair flavor• Some resistance to root rot• More cold hardy than Munger
Jewel• Medium-large fruit• Good flavor• Some resistance to root rot• More cold hardy than Munger
• More cold hardy than Munger
Purple RaspberriesCultivars:
Brandywine
• Large sized fruit• Good flavor• Some resistance to root rot• Cold hardyy
Royalty
• Large sized• Good flavor• Some resistance to root rot• Cold hardy
Black RaspberriesPlanting Establishment:
Establish plants at3-4’ in the row
Plant on well-drainedsoil or raised beds
Sunny location
Neutral pH
Pruning:Black Raspberries
Summer pruning is required
Tipping to 2-3’ high
Primocane brancheslate summer
Pruned plant in winter
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Black Raspberries
Plant in spring
Temporary trellis
Harvest:Pick fruit every 3 to 4 days. Pick early inthe day, but after dew has dried
Pick into shallow containers to avoidcrushing fruit
Common Problems in the Home GardenWinter Cold Injury
Tips of floricanes injured by winter cold
Cane damage to blackcaps frequently
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Common Problems in the Home GardenPoor Pollination
Blackcaps are sensitive topoor fruit set (crumbly fruit)
Poor pollination in rain
Blackcaps are sensitive asbloom is early and flowersare held in a flat position
Common Problems in the Home GardenDiseases - Root Rot
Floricane symptoms at harvest
Primocane collapse inblackcaps
Plant resistant cultivarsPlant in well-drained soil on raised beds
Common Problems in the Home GardenDiseases - Anthracnose
Blackcaps are sensitive toanthracnose
Lesions have a gray center
• Maintain an open canopy• Remove diseased canes
right after harvest• Use dormant lime sulfur
Common Problems in the Home GardenDiseases - Verticillium
• Blackcaps are sensitive to verticillium
• Plants wilt and die in late summer
• Plant only certified plantmaterial
• Avoid sites that had othersensitive hosts (Solanaceous)
• Remove and destroy infectedplants. Do not replant in these areas
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Common Problems in the Home GardenDiseases - Botrytis
Botrytis on fruit and cane botrytis
Note symptomaticrings
• Disease is promoted by a warm, moistenvironment. Maintain an open canopy
• Avoid overhead irrigation and late watering
Photo: Pete Bristow
Common Problems in the Home GardenDiseases - Yellow Rust
• Cultivate in late fall to bury/removefallen leaves
• Remove and burn infected floricanesright after harvest
• Do not tie up new canes until all leaves have fallen
Common Problems in the Home GardenHerbicide Damage
Phytotoxicity from Round-Up R is the most common herbicide problem in home gardens
Leaves are chloroticand strap-likeand strap like
• Avoid using thisherbicide (or a 2,4-Dproduct) anywherenear raspberries
Common Problems in the Home GardenHeat/u.v. Damage
Red raspberries, in particular, are sensitive to damagefrom intense u.v. light
Symptoms are whitedrupelets on the sunside of fruit
• Shading reducesproblem
• Symptoms don’t occurin all years
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Raspberries:
Pages 227 - 231
in your Master Gardener Handbook
This slide presentation and the aforementioned
pages were prepared by:
Dr. Bernadine Strik, ProfessorExtension Berry Crops SpecialistOregon State University
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Common Problems in the Home GardenDiseases - Viruses
Raspberry Bushy Dwarf VirusRBDV
There is no control for infected plants